This document discusses clam-shell buckets and tractors used in construction. It defines a clam-shell bucket as a two-piece articulating bucket used for digging and excavation. Clam-shell buckets can be hydraulic or mechanical and are designed for durability, strength, and productivity. They are commonly used for dredging, excavation, and material handling. Tractors are multipurpose machines used mainly for pulling equipment. They can be crawler type for loose soils or wheel type for higher speeds on roads. Crawler tractors are slower but more powerful while wheel tractors are faster but handle lighter loads.

1. CLAM-SHELL BUCKETS
&
TRACTORS
BY......
P.SHARMEESH
FINAL YEAR
CIVIL DEPT.

2.  The clam-shell bucket is a sophisticated articulating two-piece
bucket mechanically hinged at the middle to form a claw-like
appendage with an internal volume.
What is clam-shell bucket?
It is attached by a hangar or bracket and uses ground engaging
tool on its cutting edge to dig in a vertical direction.
Clam-shell buckets are commonly used in dredging, excavation
or material handling.
However, each application has its unique requirements and has
to be designed optimally for maximum efficiency.
The design, develop and manufacture both hydraulic and
mechanical clam-shell used on excavators and cranes.
How it is designed?

3. Why these Clam-shell buckets are designed?
(Features)
 Designed for durability for all material loading needs in field
of work towards higher productivity.
 Specially designed tooth point are equipped on the cutting
edge to provide higher strength and longer life.
• Hydraulic rotation and knock-around manual rotation is available.

4. Classification of Clam-shell buckets :
This classification is done mainly based on the operating method
And purpose of using.
Hydraulic Clam-shell bucket
Mechanical/cable Clam-shell bucket
Hydraulic Clam-shell for Telescopic Arm

5. Hydraulic Clam-shell :
 The Hydraulic clam-shell bucket is designed to be attached onto
an excavator.
 The dual or quad hydraulic cylinders/rams mounted on the outer
rim of the bucket provide excellent digging force.
 The inner side of the bucket has a smooth surface for easy
unloading of high viscosity material such as mud and clay, while
the outer layer is reinforced with additional layer of wear strips.
 The bowl's radius has been optimized to match with the locus of
the hydraulic cylinder/ram to deliver consistently full load for
maximum productivity.
 Hydraulic designs are meant for attaching to an excavator
while the mechanical cable operated are designed to work
with a broad range of cranes.
 The buckets are constructed with high tensile steel and wear
resistant steel with capacity starting from 1 cubic meter and
upwards.

7. Mechanical/Cable Clam-shell :
The fully mechanical clam-shell is designed specifically to be used
on a crane for large capacity dredging and digging applications.
The opening and closing action is operated via cable.
The inner side of the bucket has a smooth surface for easy
unloading of high viscosity material such as mud and clay, while
the outer layer is reinforced with additional layer of wear strips.
The hanger is constructed with high tensile steel.
The design concept and criteria of a dredging versus a general
purpose loading/unloading mechanical/cable clam-shell differs
greatly due to its differences in the nature of application and
working condition.
The geometry and weight distribution of a good clam-shell design
play a significant role in determining its overall efficiency.

9. Hydraulic Clam-shell for Telescopic Arm :
Telescopic dipper arms are gaining popularity where dip
excavation work needs to be carried out in tightly spaced
environment.
The single centered mount hydraulic cylinder/ram clam-shell
bucket is specifically designed to be used on a telescopic dipper
arm.
The unique and powerful customized hydraulic cylinder/ram
delivers smooth opening and closing actions with strong
penetration force which is a prerequisite for an effective
Telescopic clam-shell bucket.

11. • Digging pits for ground construction work.
• Ideal for digging and loading material in tight
and limited spaces.
• Material handling, loading and unloading industrial
wastes, grains, sands, etc.
• Heavy duty mechanical clam-shell is ideal for dredging
application by crane.
Applications:

12. Tractors
Multipurpose machines used mainly for pulling and other
equipment.
Tractors may be classified as:
a) Crawler type tractor
b) Wheel type tractor
Crawler Type Tractor :
These are used to move bulldozers, scrapers.
The crawler has a chain by which these tractors can be
very effectively even in the cases of loose or muddy soils.
The speed of this type does not exceed 12 kmph normally.

13. Tractors used in construction :
Loader backhoe tractor
Caterpillar equipment tractor
Road construction tractor
Back push tractor
Caterpillar compaction tractor
Scraper tractors
Wheel Type Tractor :
In these type the engine is mounted on four wheels.
The main advantage is higher speed, Sometimes exceeding
50 kmph.
 It is used for long-distances hauling and good roads.

17. Crawler Type
 Slow speed
 More compact, powerful and can
handle heavier jobs
 Costly
 Cost of operational & maintenance
is high
 Stick control for steering
 Moves on rough roads only
 Used for short distances
 Requires skillful operation,
maintenance and repairs
Wheel Type
Greater speed
Can handle only lighter jobs
Cheaper
Operational & maintenance cost is less
Wheel steering control
Moves on rough as well as good roads
Used for longer distances
Lesser skills required for operations,
maintenance and repairs
Comparison

18. ANY QUESTIONS ?

19. THANK
YOU