2. WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
A computer is a programmable machine with two principal
characteristics:
It responds to a specific set of instructions in a welldefined manner.
It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a
program).
•
3. THE MODERN COMPUTER
MODERN COMPUTERS ARE
ELECTRONIC AND DIGITAL. THEY
CAN BE DESCRIBED IN TERMS
THEIR HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
.
5. HARDWARE
Hardware refers to objects that you can actually touch,
like disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards,
printers, boards, and chips
.
6. SOFTWAR
E
Software is set of programs (which are step by step
instructions) telling the computer how to process data.
Software needs to be installed on a computer, usually
from a CD.
Softwares can be divided into two groups:
- System SW
- Application SW
7. SOFTWARE
(CONTD.)
System Software
It controls the overall operation of the system.
It is stored in the computer's memory and instructs
the computer to load, store, and execute an
application.
Examples: Operating System (OS), Translators
DOS, Windows, Unix etc.
8. SOFTWARE
(CONTD..)
Application Software
They are Softwares written to perform specific tasks.
The basic types of application software are:
word processing, database, spreadsheet, desktop
publishing, and communication.
Examples: MSOffice, Tally, MSOutlook,
9. ADVANTAGES OF USING
COMPUTERS
Speed: Computers can carry out instructions in less
than a millionth of a second.
Accuracy : Computers can do the calculations without
errors and very accurately.
Diligence : Computers are capable of performing any
task given to them repetitively.
Storage Capacity : Computers can store large
volume of data and information on magnetic media.
10. HISTORY OF EVOLUTION OF
COMPUTERS
Two Eras:
Mechanical Era (Before 1945)
Electronic Era (1945 - )
Can be divided into generations.
First Generation (1945 – 1954)
Second Generation (1955 – 1964)
Third Generation (1965 – 1974)
Fourth Generation (1975 - )
11. TYPES OF
COMPUTERS
On the basis of Computing Power & Size:
Laptop / Palmtop
Micro Computer / Desktop
Mini Computer / Mainframe
Super Computer
12. COMPUTER NETWORK
A Computer Network is interconnection of
Computers to share resources.
Resources can be : Information, Load, Devices etc.
14. CPU ( CENTRAL PROCESSING
UNIT)
• The central processing unit (CPU), also
known as just a "processor”, is the "brain"
of your computer.
• It contains various electronic circuits.
16. VDU (MONITOR)
This is the television-like screen where the results of a
computer's tasks are displayed.
Monitors come in all sizes, but most commonly they are
either 15 or 17 inches
(measured diagonally from one corner of the screen to
the opposite corner).
17. KEYBOARD
The keyboard looks like a typewriter.
It contains all the letters of the alphabet,
numbers and some special symbols.
It operates like a typewriter keypad, but instead
of moving an arm, which strikes the paper, it
sends an electronic impulse to the computer,
which displays a character on the monitor.
18. MOUSE
• Its
a device that is used to control the computer.
A cable connects the mouse to the computer.
• When the mouse is moved on a pad, called a
mouse pad, the cursor on the screen moves.
• A cursor is a small symbol displayed on the
computer screen (normally a diagonal arrow that
is used as a pointer) that shows you what the
mouse is referencing on the screen.
19. PRINTE
R
A printer is designed to output information
from a computer onto a piece of paper.
There are three kinds of printers:
dot matrix, laser,
and inkjet.
20. SCANNER
A scanner is a device used to copy an image off paper
and convert it into a digital image, which can be saved
as a computer file and stored on a hard drive.
Scanners can also use a special kind of technology
called Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to read
text from paper and save it as an editable document
file
21. WHAT THESE COMPONENTS
DO…
Power Supply – (heart) supplies power to all the
circuitry and devices.
Motherboard – (body) acts as a manager for everything
on the computer – connects all the other components
together.
CPU – Central Processing Unit – (brain) this does all
the work of computing.
22. WHAT THESE COMPONENTS DO…
RAM – Random Access Memory – (short-term memory)
holds data and program instructions that the computer
is currently using.
Hard Drive – (long-term memory) holds all of the
information that needs to be stored between uses of the
computer.
Floppy and CD-ROM drives – (mouth/ears) allow you to
give data to the computer and take data away from the
computer.
23. WHAT THESE COMPONENTS DO…
Card
Slots – (fingers) Allows other components
to be added to the computer.
Video
card – (face) Does all of the processing
necessary to get stuff looking nice on screen,
quickly.
Sound
card – (vocal cords) Allows sounds from
HD or CD-ROM to be played.
Network
Card – (telephone) allows computer to
talk to other computers over a wire.
25. INTERNET
Internet is a huge network of computer networks.
Internet provides many services:
Email
World
Wide Web (www)
Remote Login (Telnet)
File Transfer (FTP)
28. Computer
Examples of computer systems used in the textile industry
Systems
include:
Computer Aided Administration (CAA) – computers are
used for marketing, sales order processing and stock
control.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) – computers are used for
developing designs, pattern making, pattern grading,
marker production and lay planning.
Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) – computers are
used for store design, lay planning and cutting, sewing and
pressing.
Computer Integrated Manufacture (CIM) – a system that
uses computers at every stage of planning, design and
manufacture.
Electronic Point-of-Sale (EPOS) – a computerised
system that speeds up sales transactions and monitors
stock levels.
In industry, the key
advantages of using
computers are that they:
Provide an effective
means of presentation
Reduce the time taken
to create products
Improve
communication
Reduce repetitive
work
Decrease costs and
increase efficiency
29. New Technology
Many companies
take advantage of
new technologies,
such as:
Skype, instant
messaging, video
conferencing,
blogging, E-retail,
interactive design,
networking sites,
virtual imaging.
Virtual imaging can be used to show
what a design will look like before it’s
manufactured, for example:
•Fashion designers may use softwear
like 3D Runway Designer to display
their designs on virtual models
•Interior designers may use mapping
softwear or specialist programs to
create virtual interiors.
30. Examples of How computers is Used
The next two slides show how computers and other pieces of digital equipment
may be used at various stages of design and manufacture.
