various types of activities of computer in a textile industry

1. SOUTHEAST UNINVERSITY
WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTRATION ON
“APPLICATION OF COMPUTER IN GARMENTS INDUSTRY”
TEAM ASSOCIATED WITH:
NAME:TASMIAH ANJUM
ID:2017200400015
BATCH:36
NAME:MOZZAMMEL HOSSAIN SHORON
ID:2018000400100
BATCH:37
NAME:MD. FAISAL-AL-RABBI
ID:2018000400015
BATCH:37
NAME:NAZMUL ISLAM
ID:2018000400010
BATCH:37
NAME:RUDRA PRASAD MONDAL
ID:2013000400038
BATCH:22
SUBMITTED TO : Md. Shamim Alam Sir
Assistant Professor
DTE,SEU

2. Introduction
• Computers have influenced every sphere of our life in one
way or other.
• Computers are making human life easier and
comfortable.
• Computers are helping to design, analyse and manufacture
the
product with short span of time in engineering applications.
• A computer is a fast and accurate data manipulating system
that is
designed to automatically accept and store input data.
• Process them and produce output results under the
directions of a
stored program.
• Computer is a tool to increase productivity in many aspects of
our
life.

3. The 5 main examples of computers systems used in
the Textile Industry:

4. Other New Technology:

9. PPTCAD (Computer aided design) is industry specific textile design system using
computer as a tool. CAD is used to design anything from an aircraft to knitwear.
Originally CAD was used in designing high precision machinery, solely it found its
way in other industries also. In 1970′s it made an entry in the textile and apparel
industry.
In fact, according to national Knitwear Association of US, of 228 Apparel
manufacturers---
computer in garment industry
65% use CAD to create color ways
60% use CAD to create printed fabric design
48% use CAD to create merchandising presentation
41% use CAD to create Knitwear designs
Design choices and visual possibilities can be infinite if the designer is given the
time and freedom to be creative and to experiment using the computer. Today
automation is not only used for substituting the labor, it is also adopted for
improving quality and producing quantity in lesser time. However, a CAD system
is only as good (or as bad) as the designer working on it.

10. CAD
• Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer
systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or
optimization of a design.
• CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the
designer, improve the quality of design, improve
communications through documentation, and to create a
database for manufacturing.
• CAD output is often in the form of electronic file for print,
machining, or other manufacturing operations.
• Commonly used software used for CAD are AUTO CAD,
MSVISIO, Smart Draw etc.

11. CAM
• Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the use of
computer software to control machine tools and related
machinery in the manufacturing of work pieces.
• CAM may also refer to the use of a computer to assist in
all operations of a manufacturing plant, including
planning, management, transportation and storage

12. CAD
• The term CAD/CAM implies that an engineer can use the
system
both for designing a product and for controlling manufacturing
processes.
• CAD is broad term used to represent use of computer in
designing.
CAM is term that denotes the computerized control of
manufacturing process.
• Almost all industry sectors are using CAD in their designing
departments. CAD can help to draw textile designs for textile
industry.
We should not confuse CAD only with drawings. CAD covers
many
aspects of designing like design calculations, data analysis and
simulations.

13. USES OF CAD
CAD software is used in the textile industry:
• Helps designers draw accurately.
• You can see the products in 3D.
• You can rotate the design and view it from all angles.
• To make changes and modifications quickly and easily.
• To experiment with different patterns, textures and colour
ways.
• To develop basic or standardised designs.
• To improve the quality of the design.
• To use simulations to test the design.

14. Phases of cad
• CAD actually encompasses all those activities of product
design cycle with converts a workable concept into a ready to
manufacture product specifications. The various sections are:
• Geometrical Model
• Design and Analysis
• Design Optimization
• Drafting and Documentation

15. CAD Software
• CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the
• designer, improve the quality of design, improve
• communications through documentation, and to create a
• database for manufacturing.
• Originally software for Computer-Aided Design systems was
• developed with computer languages such
• as FORTRAN, ALGOL but with the advancement
• of object-oriented programming methods this has radically
• changed.
• Auto CAD: Explore and visualize 2D/3D concepts with a
• powerful set of intuitive design tools.

16. • Real CAD Pro: It is all purpose 2D/3D CAD software for
• full 3D modelling, rendering, and 2D drafting in one
• inexpensive solution.
• Rhino3D: It is the best tool for opening, editing, fixing and
• converting 3D files of almost any type, as well as being a
• brilliant 3D modeller in its own right.
• Iron CAD: It is the productivity leader when it comes to
• moving creative ideas into full 3D reality.
• PRISM: It allows the editing of shades of colours on the
• printer and makes a calibration according to the original
• colour & colour on the screen.
• COLOUR TEX: It creates realistic simulation of fabric
• created in colour weave. It is possible to create a wide variety
• of yarns of all material and types

17. • MODARIS: Garment Sector.
• TUKACAD (TUKATECH): Garment Sector.
• LECTRA: Used in garment sector mostly for pattern making
Grading and designing.
• REACH CAD (REACH TECHNOLOGY INDIA): Garment
Sector.
• OPTITEX PDS (pattern design system) - Garment Sector.
• AUDACES APPAREL (VELCO GARMENT..
• GT RESOURCES: Garment Sector.

18. Computerized body measuring system:
• Various body measuring system have been developed since
1980’s.
• These automatic systems operate by using scanning or
photographic equipment linked to a computer.
• Some of the body scanning machines are:
• LASS-Loughborough anthropometric shadow scanner.
• Wicks and Wilson’s Triform Scanner.
• SYMCAD,etc.

19. Types of CAD Systems
1. Textile design systems
2. Knitted fabrics
3. Printed fabrics
4. Illustrations/ Sketch Pad Systems
5. Texture Mapping: 3D Draping Software
6. Embroidery systems
Textile Design Systems:
Woven textiles are used by designers and merchandisers for fabrics for home
furnishing and to men-women-children wear. Most fabrics whether yarn dyes, plain
weaves, jacquards or dobbies can be designed and in fact are invariably used abroad
using a CAD system for textiles. Similarly embroideries are also developed at CAD
workstations.

20. These pictures show a range of
fabric patterns and body forms
with the colour range of the
product. This is completed using a
CAD programme

22. Knitted Fabrics:
Some systems specialize in knitwear production and final knitted design can be
viewed on screen with indication of all stitch formation. For instance a CAD program
will produce a pullover graph that will indicate information on amount of yarn needed
by color for each piece. Another example of the new technology in the industries
using a yarn scanner, which is attached to the computer scans a thousand meters of
yarn and then simulates a knitted/ woven fabric on-screen. This simulation will show
how the fabric will look like if woven from that yarn
Printed Fabrics:
The process involves use of computers in design, development and manipulation of
motif. The motif can then be resized, recoloured, rotated or multiplied depending on
the designer’s goal. The textile design system can show color ways in an instant rather
than taking hours needed for hand painting. New systems are coming which have
built-in software to match swatch color to screen color to printer color automatically
i.e. what you see is what you get.

23. Illustrations/ Sketch Pad Systems:
These are graphic programmes that allow the designer to use pen or stylus on
electronic pad or tablet thereby creating freehand images, which are then stored in
the computer. The end product is no different from those sketches made on paper with
pencil. Different knit and weave simulations can be stored in a library and imposed
over these sketches to show texture and dimensions.
Texture Mapping: 3D Draping Software:
This technology allows visualization of fabric on the body. Texture mapping is a process
by which fabric can be draped over a form in a realistic way. The designer starts with
an image of a model wearing a garment. Each section of the garment is outlined from
seam line to seam line. Then a swatch of new fabric created in textile design system is
laid over the area and the computer automatically fills in the area with new color. The
result is the original silhouette worn by original model in a new fabric.

24. Embroidery systems:
The designs used for embroidery can be in corporate on the fabric for making
garment. For this special computerized embroidery machines are used. Designers
can create their embroidery designs or motifs straight on the computer. All they
need to do is design color and stitch to different parts of the design.
The computer screen
images show the
process of a CAD
drawing that will
eventually be used on
a multi headed CAM
embroidery machine

26. Apparel industry and computer systems;
1. Pattern Making
2. Grading systems
3. Marker making systems
4. Cutting operations
5. Marketing integration using computer
6. Internet and information explosion

28. CAD in Pattern Making:
• Pattern can be designed in two ways using
Richpeace, Gerber, Lectra software
• Two methods are direct and formula method
Grading systems:
After a sample size pattern has been put, it has to be
graded up and down on size. Certain points on the
pattern are considered as “growth points” or places at
which the pattern has to be increased or decreased to
accommodate changing body size. At each growth point
the operator indicates the grade rule to the computer.
The system will then automatically produce the pattern
shapes in all the pre-specified sizes. Say if we define
pattern for size 30, it can be easily graded for size
32/34/36 and so on.

29. Computerized Grading
Patterns initially are made in only one size.
In order to produce clothing that fits various body types and
sizes, the pattern pieces must be increased or decreased
geometrically to create a complete range of sizes.

30. Computerised Grading
• What is the purpose of grading clothing patterns?
The purpose of grading is to proportionally increase or
decrease the size of a pattern, while maintaining shape, fit,
balance, and scale of the garment.
Marker making systems:
Computerized marker making systems help in laying the
pattern part together more economically than an
operator could hands. This ensures minimum wastage of
fabric. On plain fabric this is relatively simple but on
striped fabric also automatic matching is done by the
computer

31. Computerized marker making system
• CAD technology can easily digitize their existing hard
patterns into automated digitizing system
• The better the layout is, the less fabric is consumed.
• Reduce labor and material costs. (connect to various other
systems

32. Marketing integration using computer:
Designer is in direct contact with the customer and also the manufacturer to be aware
of the latest trends and also needs and demands of the customer.
Marketing integration using computer:
Designer is in direct contact with the customer and also the manufacturer to be aware
of the latest trends and also needs and demands of the customer.
Internet and information explosion:
NIFT, Calcutta is linked to internet with TCP/IP account and students have continuous
access to the sites of the top designers, trend forecasting agencies, fashion houses and
fabric suppliers. This has helped both the institute and the students immensely keeping
them updated with the latest trends.

33. Cutting operations:
Pattern generated by marker making systems can be directed to automated
cutting machines which are operated without the help of human hands.
Marketing integration using computer:
Designer is in direct contact with the customer and also the manufacturer to be
aware of the latest trends and also needs and demands of the customer.
CAD in cutting:

34. • cutting machine automatically cuts out the pieces following
the lay plan.
It cuts the fabric quickly and accurately using vertical knives,
high
pressure water jets or lasers. Many layers can be cut out at
once which
means less labour costs and more efficiency
• Quick, accurate set-up and self-adjusting which allow
operators to start
cutting faster and with greater efficiency
• Less time consuming & increase production
Cad in spreading:

35. • CAD (Gerber) technology helps in cutting machines
automated
material spreading with perfectly aligned edges
• Accurately aligns and eliminate loss with optimizing the
material utilization (Nest parts closer to the beginning, end
and edges of the spread, eliminating end loss )
• Easy to operate (Automatic &easy to load & unload roll
candles )
CAD SOFTWARE IN FASHION DESIGNING:
3D models with the size and shape are created by CAD software in Fashion designing.
Created models can be made any changes at any moment. Changes like editing the posture,
stance, size, background and any other thing can be made. The edited model can be saved and
stored in the library and can be used whenever it is required. Changes or modifications can be
made in the existing designs and a brand new design will be in front of you.
If it is not be able to create a model or don’t know how to make one there are virtual libraries
available from where model or design can be selected and with the slight change it will all be
yours new one. The patterns created will be as accurate as possible when created in CAD.
Pattern can be graded in their sizes i.e. the patterns are reduced or increased in their size
whenever it is required. So scaling does not require lengthy operations. Millions of patterns can
be created from one pattern now with the help of it. Slight changes can also be done.

36. Color Library contains lots and millions of colors from which colors can be picked up. Or
else new color can be created by mixing up of two or more colors .Now again the
palette has endless range of colors. Color in the design at any point of designing can
also be changed.
Software can be upgraded every on and off as new features appear on the internet. It
can also be downloaded. The library can be improved by downloading the new
templates and design ideas online.
There are some useful CAD software’s available online. They are as follows,OptiTex CAD
Software, eTelestia CAD Software. There are software’s that help you in creating
patterns for the design and they also help you in scaling the pattern and grading them.
There are more to it other than all about creating fashion illustrations in designing.
There are software’s that assist in creating patterns and also they facilitate in scaling
the patterns and grading them. Fashion CAD is accuratepattern making software for
pattern fitting. This software is perfect for home based system as well as for industrial
use. It is reasonably priced too. We can make modifications with this software whenever
it is needed.

37. OptiTex CAD Software specializes in creating software which is easy to operate it. These
software ranges from simple 2D to new and modern 3D software. A fundamental model can
created and garment can be designed using this software. The virtual model will precisely
be in the shape and size that is provided. This software takes into account very small
details that are often ignored in other software. 3D virtual clothing is also available from
which one can choose design for the model.
eTelestia CAD Software is easy to download online and easy to operate. With this
eTelestia CAD Software we can design our own collection without aid of a professional
software expert. There are varieties of demonstration existing in the software for the help.
This software allows you to design more personalized designs. eTelestia has many new
options that are easier to use than previous tedious systems.

38. weaving technology in CAD
Weave library
The library menu provides a collection of standard (plain, twill, satin/sateen,
honey comb, crepe, etc) and fixed weave structures: threading, tie-ups,
thread lings and peg plans. Also epi/ppi can be adjusted during simulation.
Card punching output facility, float control facility – both manual and
automatic, any kind of new creation, editing any existing weave, mixing
multiple weaves, weaving storage facility – creation of custom weave library,
recalling a weave for further use-it saves a lot of time and labour.

39. Yarn and colour library:
It offers creation of regular, fancy yarn of variable count, texture and twist in for
fabric simulation. Colours ways are provided by software which contain as many as
colour chip (which limits the colour of the warp and weft in the fabric).
Computerised card punching:
High-speed card punching machine is connect with CAD system to cut card
electromagnetically with production rate of 30 to 120 fully punched cards or picks per
minute.

40. Knitted fabric:
The most merging field in the fabric production and current fashion of designs comes in
the form of knitwear due to its flexibility; body fit garment and comfort ability. Today
in techniques like knits, there is really no end to possibilities and how the construction,
yarn and fabric can be manipulated to achieve amazing innovations.
But main problem is design implementation on fabric during production which makes its
production complex. To resolve design complexity on fabric (jacquard, intarsia, gusset,
lace) and machine setting like knit head/cam design, controlling yarn tension at feed,
simulation of needle movement specially for dial needle and optimisation of package
during production, CAD software in addition with CAM used with various graphics
program. Functional aspects defined by the construction would probably define the
aesthetics of the fabric and the designer would need to have an in-depth knowledge of
the technical aspects. Scope, utility and interface of CAD software for knitting machine
is almost same as that for loom and used in 3D knitwear design also. ProCAD knit
software is a good example (high-tech key to making fabric textures transparent),
simulations are based on product data and calculate the three dimensional texture of
your designs and it enables you to define yarn feed-ins and pattern layouts, using these
to create articles using various yarns and types of machine.

41. Dyeing and Printing:
Taking an advantage of improved technology to secure quality with an estimated
improvement in dye-selection, colour matching and dyeing procedure so as to reduce cost
of production, DyStar introduce an computer-aided dyeing system using auxiliary data
that replace older non-optimised standard dyeing procedure. CAD system can be utilise to
design CCM system, colour management and CIE L*a*b* formulation.
There are two computerised method of fabric designing, ie, weave and print design. Print
design allied to fine art, but it is an industrial process to obtain minute and fine design.
Block pad printing is widely used in 1870, which has been now replaced by digital
printing, behind digital printing graphics (Photoshop and Corel draw) and CAD software
are used in design process and also in the preparation of design as well as screen for print
by exploring more and more traditional motifs. It also reduces the design processing time,
production cost and has greater quality level in terms of tones and shade than computer
print.

42. Garment manufacturing:
Garment is the end product of a textile industry, which is directly consumed by society for wearing,
covering, etc[4]. Its manufacturing process involve number of steps like marker planning, cutting,
sewing, pressing, etc to make to be generated rapidly and adjusted quickly without diminishing
creativity using CAD technology and able to work on ladies fashionable garment's, men's wear,
children's wear and home furnishing[4, 38]. CAD/CAM technique with computer graphics offer the
base of designing and editing of component like design making, pattern creation, grading, lay &
marker plan, 3D scanning and virtual garment styling with massive computations capability in
system. CAD in addition with embroidery used to make stitch design with variable stitch parameter
and embroidery in connection with sewing machine on garment pieces . Design & Pattern creation
Design & Pattern creation:
CAD styling systems are nearly defined by an generic term 'sketch pad system' that allows designer
to use pen/stylus on electronic pas/tablet for pattern design in 2D system, then rearrange them
along fabric width to maximize maker efficiency. For example: 3D Modaris and Diamino by Lectra
and AssyCAD [35].
Matching with cutting:
Planned pattern get matched and balance with cutting operation to avoid design distortion or
incorrect cutting. Mostly applicable for complex floral, check/stripe and geometric cut pattern. For
example: Veith, Geber, InVision and Lectra matching system .

43. Virtual garment styling
Here 2D sketch of pattern made with segment points then simulate into 3D view. Using
stitching software patterns are then stitch into garment and made to virtual simulate
AVATARS. Thus actual appearance of garment judge by draped modelling or 3D
visualisation of designed garment in draped form. For example: AccuMark V-SticherTM by
Gerber, E-fit simulator by Tuka, E-tailor, Assyst-Bullmer by Assyst, Maya Cloth, etc[37].
3D-Scanning
An interactive and objective tool to digitise or scan full human body in area of
anthropometry, cosmetics, fashion and beauty. Scanned result then converted into 3D
surface modelling and 2D sheet with colour feature, texture and shape feature. It's
application in statistical data collection for standard garment size and prepare garment
made to measure ready to wear. For example: LASS, Modaric, Tuka-Teck, Lectra, Gerber
and Investronica .

44. Current CAD features:
Makes Just in Time delivery and quick response possibility with documentation.
Utilise basic engineering graphics and create multi-view drawing with 2D and 3D.
CAD played a key role in increasing the effectiveness, flexibility, agility and
precision of productivity, improve construction.
Enhance design ability using adobe illustrator, Corel draw and Poser Making.
It serves as inventory storage system for designer's, helps design team to evaluate
ideas based on past performance.
Sales figures from previous seasons show consumer preference, relates
merchandise.
CAD software provides for all textile function and suitable to all design based
industry like mechanical, electronic, textile, jeweller, leather, fashion or garment,
etc.

45. CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing):
The popular phrase in computing at the moment is "open system" ie, on-line and direct
transfer of production data in a unit via a network or modem. It includes
four component viz CAD, CAM, Robotics (CAE, CAPP and PPC) and Internet (CAQA and
ERP). Use to improve productivity and quality level of garment industry
Technical textile:
Geogrids – networks of wires used as soil reinforcement developed and design by
distinctive CAD knit technology. It provides flexible structure, better resisting force in
seismic zone. CAD software algorithm helps in weave pattern construction of 3D-hollow
woven fabrics (medical textile) using hollow fibres yarn. It incorporated geometric
modelling, pattern analysis, structured and fraction volume of yarn at various process
parameter [41]. Tech-assyst is most widely and adaptable windows based CAD-CAM
software for 2D pattern construction, reinforcement design and processing 3D model,
marker concept for fabric model and plotting or cutting system. It is based on four
program viz Digi, CAD, Lay, CUT, Plan-assyst with data packs, adat conv, plot entry, etc
used to design solar protecting, breathable, ballistic, double layer electronic fabric and
fabric for concrete revetment for geosynthetic erosion control [41]. CAD is also helpful
for Automotive (Seating & Safety belt construction), Protective clothing, Analysis of 3D
braded textile structures, Industrial fabrics, Carpet &
Flooring design (where design work on pixels), Agricultural Textile and many more

46. CONCLUTION:
The computer systems are used by the manufacturers because they are
accurate and also easily adaptable. They also provide easy access to data
storage and cost effective, high quality production.

47. THANK YOU