This document provides information about different types of computer storage. It discusses primary storage, which includes processor registers, cache, RAM, and ROM. Secondary storage devices that are mentioned include floppy disks, zip disks, hard disks, CDs, DVDs, tapes, and miniature mobile storages like SD cards. Tertiary storage uses robotic mechanisms to mount and dismount removable media. Offline storage refers to data not under the control of the processing unit. Primary storage is volatile and holds data temporarily, while secondary storage is non-volatile and retains data when power is off.

1. BS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ASSIGNMENT OF: ICT
SUBMITTED TO : MA’AM QURATULAIN
SUBMITTED BY : GROUP(C)
MUHAMMAD
AMMAR ALI
MUHAMMAD
ZULFIQAR
MUHAMMAD
SAMIULLAH
SUBMISSION DATE : DEC 8, 2020

2. COMPUTER STORAGE
Computer storage refers to computer components and recording media that retain digital data and a storage
device can hold an instruction , storage address and any kind of data for future use . A computer store
hundreds and millions of data in it permanently or temporary .
 Types of Computer storage :
a. Primary storage
b. Secondary storage
c. Tertiary storage
d. Offline storage
Storage devices

3. COMPUTER STORAGE TYPES

4. PRIMARY STORAGE
 There are four types of primary storage :
• Processor registers :
It located inside the processor .A register
holding an instruction , storage address and
any kind of Data.
• Processor cache :
It is an intermediate stage between ultra fast
registers and much slower then main
memory.
• RAM :
It is stand for Random Access Memory . It is volatile
primary storage and the main memory of
computer that is directly connected to the
CPU.
• ROM:
It is stand for Read Only Memory . It is non
volatile primary storage containing a small
start up program (BIOS) is used to boot strap
the computer .
a: processor
b: Processor Cache
c: RAM
d: ROM

5. PRIMARY STORAGE
Processor cache
process
Processor chip
RAM

6. SECONDARY STORAGE
It holds Data , Instructions and Information for future use .
Storage medium is physical material used for storage also
called secondary storage.
To store things there are following capacity are given:
 Kilobytes(KB) 1 thousand
 Megabyte(MB) 1 million
 Gigabyte(GB) 1 billion
 Terabyte(TB) 1 trillion
 Petabyte(PB) 1quadrillion
 Exabyte(EB) 1quintillion

7. Secondary storage
How does volatility compares?
Storage medium is nonvolatile—contents retained when power is off.
Memory is volatile—holds data and instructions temporarily.
Display appears
DATA and instructions
available to user
Contents available to
user
Screen display
Storage Medium
(floppy disks, Zip
disks, hard disks,
CDs)
Memory
(most RAM)
(chips on
motherboard
Display appears
Data and
instructions erased
Contents retained
VolatileNonvolatile
ON OFF

8. TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE
 FLOPPY DISK:
• A Floppy disk or floppy diskette is a type
of disk storage composed of thin and flexible
disk of a magnetic storage medium in a
square .
• It nearly square plastic enclosure lined
with a fabric that removes dust particles from
the spinning disk .
• It is circular , thin and flexible film
enclosed in 3.5’’ wide plastic shell.
a: FLOPPY DISK
b: FLOPPY DISK DRIVES

9. ZIP DISK
 Magnetic medium that stores 100MB or 250
MB of data. It is used to back up and to
transfer files.
Back up is duplicate of file, program, or disk in
case original is lost.
Zip disk require a zip drive_ high capacity
drive that reads from and write on zip disk.
a: zip disk
b: zip disk drive

10. HARD DISK
It is a High-capacity storage disk.
• It consists of several inflexible ,
circular platters that store Items and
Data electronically.
• Its components enclosed in air tight
sealed case for protection.
a: Hard disk
b: External hard disk
HARD DISK in CPU

11. CD & DVD
It is a flat, round, portable metal discs
with protective plastic coating.
• It can be read only or read/write.
• Most of PCs include CD or DVD
drive and most play audio CDs.
• High capacity disc capable of
storing 4.7 GB to 17 GB.
• It Stores databases, music, complex
software, and movies
• A CD hold from 650 million to 1
billion characters.
• A DVD can store a full length
movie or 17 billion characters
CD & DVD

12. TAPE
It is magnetically coated plastic ribbon
device which capable of storing large
amounts of data at low cost.
A tape drive is a data storage device that
reads and writes data on a
magnetic tape.
Tape disk and driver

13. MINIATURE MOBILE STORAGE
The device which store data temporary in it is called miniature
mobile storage devices. These devices are cheap to bought.
Example: smart media , compact flash ,micro drive , secure
digital, memory stick, Usb drive etc
Sd card
Miniature
Mobile
storage

14. TERTIARY STORAGE
 A third level of storage , typically it
involves a robotic mechanism which
will mount(insert) and dismount
removable mass storage media into
a storage device according to the
system’s demands.

15. OFFLINE STORAGE
 It is a computer data storage on a medium or a device which is not under the
control of processing unit.

16. THANK YOU