Computer graphic

Department of Civil Engineering NPIC

viTüasßanCatiBhubec©keTskm<úCa
mhaviTüal½ysMNg;sIuvil

RkaPickMuBüÚT½r

mnÞI BaNiC¢kmμ nig ]sSahkmμ kUer:
RkaPickMuBüÚT½r 1


matika
CMBUk 1³ esckþIsegçbénRkaPickuMBüÚT½r nig Commands edIm,IbegáItnUvsMNakKMrU ........ 5
1> View porténkmμviFI Max nig Commands mUldæanRKwH ........................................... 6
1>1 View part ¬pÞaMgkargar¦................................................................................. 6
2> Geometry ¬erxaKNit¦ ............................................................................................ 9
2>1 Box ¬RbGb;¦ .................................................................................................. 9
2>2 Sphere ¬EsV‘r¦ ................................................................................................... 9
2>3 Cylinder ¬suILaMg¦ .......................................................................................... 14
2>4 Torus ................................................................................................................. 17
2>5 Teaport ¬):an;Et¦ ............................................................................................... 19
2>6 Cone ¬ekan¦ .................................................................................................... 21
2>7 Geosphere .......................................................................................................... 24
2>8 Tube¬TIb¦ ......................................................................................................... 26
2>9 Pyramid ¬BIr:amIt¦ ............................................................................................ 28
2>10 PLane ¬épÞrab¦ ............................................................................................ 30
3> RTg;RTay .................................................................................................................. 32
3>1 Line ¬bnÞat;¦ .................................................................................................... 32
3>2 Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦.............................................................................. 38
3>3 Circle ¬rgVg;¦.................................................................................................... 39
3>4 Ellipse ¬eGlIb¦ ............................................................................................... 41
3>5 Arc ¬GkS½¦ ........................................................................................................ 42
3>6 Donuts ¬dUNat;¦ .............................................................................................. 44
3>7 Ngon .................................................................................................................. 47



3>8 Star ¬páay¦....................................................................................................... 48
3>9 Text ¬GtßbT¦................................................................................................... 50
3>10 Herix ............................................................................................................... 52
3>11 Section ¬BMnuH¦............................................................................................... 54
CMBUk 2³ Commands edIm,IEkERbrrUbsMNak.................................................................... 58
1> Modify ¬karpøas;bþÚrrag¦ ....................................................................................... 59
1>1 Bend ¬karBt;¦................................................................................................ 59
1>2 Taper ¬kareFVIeGayRsYc¦ ............................................................................... 61
1>3 Twist ¬karkac;¦ .............................................................................................. 66
1>4 Noise ¬sMelg¦ ............................................................................................... 69
1>5 Extrude ¬karBnøÚt¦ ........................................................................................... 73
1>6 Lathe ¬karRkLwg¦
2> Edit Spines ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦
2>1 Modifier Stack ¬karpøas;bþÚrelIbegÁal¦
2>2 Configure Modifier Sets dialog ¬karEkERbragsNæanerobcMtam dialog
2>3 Edit Splines ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦
3> Edit Meshs ¬karBinitüelI Splines¦

4> Boolean
CMBUk 3³ Rendering Command
1> Light ¬BnøW¦
1>1 Properties of Light ¬KuNsm,tþiénBnøW¦
1>2 GaMgtg;suIet
1>3 RBMEdnénmuM



1>4 karbnßy
1>5 BnøWcagMpøat nigBnøWsayPayCuMvij
1>6 BN’ nigBnøW
1>7 RbePTBnøWénvtßú
1>8 ):ar:aEm:RténBnøw
2> Camera ¬kaemr:a¦
2>1 Camera
CMBUk 4³ sMPar³rUbPaBelIkareFVIEpnTI
1> karBinitüelIsMPar³
1>1 RbePTsMPar³
2> RbePTEpnTI
2>1 yl;dwgBIRbePTEpndI
2>2 RbePTEpnTIEdl)anbMeBjtaragehIy
CMBUk 5³ sMeyaKrUbPaB nigRkaPiceFVIeGaymanrUbPaB
1>karbegIátbg¥Üc
2>karbegáIteRKOgsgðarwm
3>karbegáItedImeQI
4> karbegáItmnusS
5> karbegáItrfynþ
CMBUk 6³ karGnuvtþn_ nigRkaPicedIm,IrUbPaBecj
1>karbegIátbg¥Üc



CMBUkI ³ esckþIsegçbelIRkaPickuMBüÚT½r nig Command edm,I
begáItnUvsMNakKMrU
3



1> View port : énkmμviFI Max nig Command mUldæanRKwH
1>1 View ports
rUbsNæanén viewport

xagelIenHKW CarUbPaBepþImdMbUgbg¥s;enAelIeGRkg;énkmμviFI max rUbsNæanéneGRkg; EdlbgðajdMbUgman
TUeTA ³
Tile Bar

enHKWCacMNgeCIgxagelI EdlbgðajBIÉksarEdlkMBugdMeNIrkar.
RbsinebIcg;rkSaTuknUvÉksarEdleyIgkMBug eFVIkar
tamry³ File/ same command kar save ÉksarrYmKW
begáIteGay)ancMNgeCIgmYy.



Menu Bar

> niymn½y³ vaKWCa Command EdlrYmpSMCamYynUv Commands CaeRcIneTotenAkñúgkmμviFI Max. Rbsin
A

ebIeyIgcucEpñkxageqVgelI Mouse ehIydak;eGay Mouse enAelI Menu EdleyIgcg;)an enaHnwgman Commands
bnÞab;eTotbgðajeLIg.
B> viFIEdlGñkeRbIR)as;erobcM Menu bar eTAtamTItaMgEdleyIgcg;)an

1> Mouse TTYl)annUvTItaMgmYyedayépÞcMhrEdlenACit Command Help enAcugxagsþaMén
Menu Bar .

2> cuc Mouse xagsþaMnwgecjnUvclnamYyEdlbgðajBITItaMgbnÞab;fμImYyeTot edIm,Icg;eRbIR)as;
elIvacUlcucelI Command Dock enAkñúgRbGb; Dialog.

Tool Bar

PaBcMbgénkarvilmksPaBedImvij (Default) én Tool Bar KWpþl;CaRckcUly:agelOneTAkan;]bkrN_ (Tool) nig
Dialogs sMrab;kargarTaMgLayEdlmanlkçN³smBaØTUeTAenAkñúgEpñkTn; (Software) .



Viewport
vaKWCakarpSMKñaeday viewport bYn ehIyeFVIkarenAelIeGRkg;EtmYyEdlCamUldæanRKwHénkmμviFI MAX
mü:ageTotva KWCaépÞsMrab;kargarfμI² CamYy viewports nigCaBMnuHEckpþac;mYyEdlmanRBMRbTl;CaBN’ ehIyman
BN’ssMrab;kareFVI enARKb; viewport TaMgbYn.

GñkRtUvkMNt;BIviFIEbgEck Viewport nig kMNt;eGay)anCak;lak;BI
RbePTénKMehIysMrab; Viewport nimYy²enAelIbnÞHKMnUsRBag (layout)
kñúgRbGb;rUbsNæanén Viewport cMeBaH Layout Edl Save enAkñúg
kmμviFI MAX GacrkSaTukenAkñúg Layout d¾éTeTotEdlEckdac;
BIKña kñúgkmμviFI MAX manpÞúknUvÉksarCaeRcInEdlGñkcg;)an ehIy
bBa©ÚlKñaenAkñúgmatikarénÉksarEdlGñkcg;)an ehIybBa©ÚlKña
enAkñúgmatikarénÉksard¾éTeTotedIm,IEfTaM Layout TaMgenH.

enAkñúgEpñkTn; (Software) minmaneGaykareRCIserIs)anyUrsMrab; Layouts A nig B eT. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday
tamry³ Maxscript KWman Commands edIm,Idak;eGay Layout fμI²eTAkan;karerobcMEdlGac)ancMnYn14eTot.



Gñkk¾GaceFVIeGay Viewpot NamYymanskmμPaBk¾)an rYmTaMgerobcMRbePTénKMehIj. GñkGaceFVIeTA)aneday
begáItnUvKMeragFM² nigrebobrbbénGñkeRbIR)as;TaMgLay edaykarbgáb;muxénb‘UtugsMrab;cucedIm,IerobcMelI Layout
NamYyEdlGñkeRCIserIs.
Command Panel
karbegáItbnÞH (Panel) pþl;eGaynUvkarRKb;RKgsMrab;karbegáItvtßú. enHKWCaCMhandMbUgelIkarksagpÞaMg
TsSnIyPaBfμIenAkñúgkmμviFI 3ds MAX. PaKeRcInGñknwgeFVIkarbEnßmCabnþbnÞab;nUvvtßúepSg²
eBjkñúgKMeragEdl )anbBa©b;ehIy. ]TahrN_³ enAeBlEdlRtUv Render

elIpÞaMgTsSnIPaBmYyGñkGacRtUvkarbEnßmBnøWEfmeTot.
eyIgmanRkumEdlbegáIt Panel KWRbePTénvtßúepSg²EdleyIgbegáIt
enAkñúg 7RbePT. ral;EpñknImYy²manb‘Utugerog²xøÜn. enAkñúgRbePT
nimYy²TaMgenH GacmanRbePTepSgeTotEdlCaRbePTbnÞab;elIvtßú
nanaCaeRcIneTot. bBa¢IEdlTnøak;cuHeRkam GaceGayeyIgeRCIserIs
vtßú)ankñúgcMeNamRbePTbnÞab;TaMgenaH ehIycMeBaHvtßúnimYy² k¾man
b‘UtugpÞal;xøÜnrbs;EdlGñkGaccucelIvaedIm,Icab;epþImkarbegáIteLIg.

2> erxaKNit (Geometry)
Geometric kMritdMbUgEdlmanlkçN³RsedogKñaeTAnwgvtßúEdlmanBitkñúgelak dUcCa)al; bMBg; RbGb;

nMdUNat; nignMragekansMrab;dak;kaer:m. kñúgkmμviFI 3ds MAX GñkGacbegáItnUvsMNkCaeRcIndUcCavtßúnan eday
eRbIR)as;EtkMritdMbUgb:ueNÑaH. Gñkk¾GacbB©ÚalnUvkMritdMbUgTaMgenaHeGaycUlkñúgvtßúEdllkçN³sμúKsμaj ehIyeFVI
eGayvamanlkçN³RbesIreLIgCamYynwgkarEkERbrUbrag.
2>1 Box ¬RbGb;¦
cucelI Create Panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Box .



Create Menu Standard Primitives Box
KUb³ eFVIeGay beNþay TTwg nigkMBs; mantMélesμIKña karbegáItKUbKWCa
CMh‘anmYyénkarGnuvtþ eyIgcab;epþImBIcMnuckNþalénKUb TajbBa©ÚlKña
view port EtmYyedIm,IerobcMTMhMpÞal;rbs;KUbNamYy enAkñúg Parameter

rollout.

RbGb;³ begáItnUvRbGb;KMrUfñak;dMbUgmYy edaycab;epþImBIRCugmYy eTAkan;RCugmYyeTotEdlsßitenAbeBaäógKña
CamYynigkarerobcMRbEvgepSg²KñaénbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;.
pÞaMgkargar Keyboard Entry pÞúknUvkarerobcMCaTUeTAénTItaMg EdlerobtamlMdab;GkSr X,Y nig Z tYelx
EdlGñkvaybBa©Úlnwglyecjtam cMnYnenaHeTAtambeNþayGkS½énépÞrab EdlkMBugEtdMeNIrkar ehIyk¾man
lkçN³dUcKñanig Home grid rW Grid object Edr. tMélbUk nigdkRtUvKña nigTwsedAviC¢man nigGviC¢manénGkS½TaMg
enaH. Defauts= 0,0,0 KWCacMnuckNþalén Grid EdlkMBugdMeNIrkar. TItaMgEdlerobeday X, Y KWmanPaBesμIKña
nigTItaMgénkarrMkil Mouse cuHeRkamelITImYy enAkñúgviFIsa®sþKMrUénkarbegáItvtßú.
Parameters Rollout
begáItRbGb;mYyedaykMNat;mYyenAelIEpñknimYy²
Defauts

- beNþay TTwg kMBs;³ erobcMbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;énRbGb;. ktþaTaMgGs;enHk¾sMEdgeLIgdUcCa³
- kMNat;beNþay TTwg kMBs;³ erobcMtYelxsMrab;karEbgEcktamGkS½nimYy² énvtßú. eyIgGac
erobcMTukCamun rW eRkayeBlénkarbegáIt. tamry³ Default EpñkmYyénRbGb;KWCakMNat;mYy. eBlEdlGñkerob
cMtMélelxmþgeTot enaHtMélfμInwgkøayCa Default fμImYyeTot Default= 1,1,1 .
- Tip:karerobcMedaytMeLIgtMélelxénkMNat;NamYy edImIeGayvtßúenaHTTYl)annUvlT§pl elIsFmμta
tamry³RbsiT§iPaBénbMlas;bþÚr. ]TahrN_³ RbsinebIGñk nigBt;RBGb;mYyelIGkS½ Z GñkRbEhlnwgcg; (Height
Segments Parameters) 4dg rWeRcInCagenH.

Generate Mapping Coordinate: karbegáItnUvkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;Gnuvtþ elIsMPar³nanaEdlTak;TgnigRbGb;.

Default = off .



edIm,IbegáItRbGb;

1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMgrUb Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel
2> Click elIb‘Utug Box
3> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Edlbgðajmk/ cucelI Box enAkñúg View port NamYyk¾eday RtUvbBa¢ak;n½y
BIépÞ)atragctuekaNEkg bnÞab;mkRtUverobcMelIbeNþay nigkMBs;.
4> Click edIm,IbBa©b;elIkarerobcMkMBs; ehIybegáItRbGb;eLig

2>2 Sphere ¬EsV‘r¦
cucelI Create Panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry Standard Primitives Objective Type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Sphere .
Create menu Standard Primitive Sphere



Create Method Rollout
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrEs‘VrBIRCugmçageTARCugmçageTotGñkGacpøas;bþÚr
TItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMNuckNþal¦³ KUrEsV‘rcab;bIcMnuckNþalecjeTA karkMNt;
Defauls nwgplit)anEsV‘rd¾rlagmYyEdlpÁúMeLIgeday 32kMNat; ehIy

ehIycMnucEdlCasñÚlénEsV‘renaH KWCacMNuckNþal.
- Radius ¬kaM¦³ kMNt;eGay)anCak;lak;nUvkaMrbs;EsV‘r
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ erobcMcMnYnkMNat;rbs;EsV‘redaykarEbgEckrag
BhuekaN.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ PaBbnSúIKñaénépÞmuxrbs;EsV‘r begáItegay)anCaépÞrelagmYybgðajeLIgkñúg
KMehIjénkar Render.

- Hemisphere ¬GDÆEs‘Vr¦³ karbEnßmtMélelxeLIgCalMdab;nwg bNþaleGaykat;pþac;ragEsV‘r edaycab;
epþImBI)ateTAedIm,ICakarbegáItEsV‘rmYyPaKtaragtMélelxmancab;BI 0>0 eTA 1>0. Default KW 0>0 begáIt)anCa
EsV‘rmanrUbrageBjeljmYy. karEkERbtMélelxmk 0>5 nwgbegáIteGay)anrag
eBajeljmYy. karEkERbtMélelxmk 0>5 nwgbegáIteGay)anragBak;kNþal
EsV‘r cMeBaMtMél 1>0 nwgkat;bnßyragEsV‘rGs;rlIg.
Default: 0.0

karBuHnwg karbMEbk
Chop ¬karBuH¦³ karbnßycMnYnénExSbBaÄr nigépÞmuxkñúgEsV‘redaykarBuH “Chopping” EpñkTaMgenaHecj
KWdUcCakar kat;pþac;ragGDÆEsV‘rEdr.


Default = On

- ¬karbMEbk¦³ karrkSatMélelxénExSbBaÄr nigépÞmuxkat;enAkñúgEsV‘redIm. karbMEbkrag
Squash

Geometry eGaykan;EttUceTA² eq<aHeTAkan;EpñkxagelIénEs‘Vr. kñúgxN³EdlkarrkSaragEsV‘r
eyIgGaceRbIkMENfμIxusBImux cMeBaHEsV‘rEdl)anbMEbgehIysMrab;vtßú.
- Slice on ¬kareRcokelI¦³ eyIgeRbImuMeRcokecj (From) nigeRcokcUl (To) edIm,IbegáIt)anEsV‘rmYyPaK.
cMeBaHRbsiT§iPaBrbs;vaKWman lkçN³RsedogKña nigkarRkLwgragBak;kNþalrgVg; EdlmanmuMticCa 360 . º

- Slice From ¬kareRcokecj¦³ kMNt;muMEdlcab;epþIm
- Slice To ¬kareRcokcUl¦³ kMNt;muMEdlRtUvbBa©b;

- Base to Pivot ¬BI)ateTAsñÚl¦³ rMkilEsV‘reLIgelItambeNþayGkS½ Z dUcenHcMNucsñÚlénEsV‘r
KWsßitenAKl;rbs; va. eBlEdleyIgyk Off enaHcMnucsñÚlsßitenaelIépÞrabénsMNg; ehIyenAcMkNþalénEsV‘r.
Default = Off

karpøas;bþÚrBIKl;eTAsñÚlGaceGay eyIgeFVIeGayGDÆEsV‘rkMerIk)andUcenHvabgðajeLIgdUcCakardusecjBI
épÞrab rWk¾liccUlkñúgenaH. mü:ageTotGaceGayGñkTukdak;EsV‘rTaMgGs;enaH)anenAelIépÞrabmYy
dUcCaeyIgdak; )al;enAelItuy:agdUecñHEdr.
RbsiT§PaBén kareRbIR)as; karerobcMBIKl;eTAsñÚl.
Generate Mapping Coordintates: karbegáItnUvkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;Gnuvtþn_elIsMPar³nanaEdlTak;Tg

nig RbGb;. Default= Off
edIm,IbegáItEsV‘r
1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMg Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel nig Click elIb‘Utug Sphere
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation method rollout cucelI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday TajmkedIm,IkMNt;kaM
4> EsV‘rmYypusecjmkedaykarTajrbs;eyIg ehIycMnuckNþalsßitenARtg;cMnucsñÚlrbs;va bnÞab;mk
eyIgRBElgkarcuceLIgkarcucelI Mouse nigerobcMRbEvgkaMedIm,IbegáIt)anEsV‘r.



2>3 Cylinder ¬suILaMg¦
cucelI Create panel cucelIb‘Utug Geometry
yk Standard Primitives objective type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Cylinder
Create Menu Standard Primitives Cylinder
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrsuILaMgBIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTto. GñkGacpøas;
bþÚr TItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMNuckNþal¦³ KUrsuILaMgedayecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA.



Parameters Rollout
Defauts begáIteGay)anCaEsV‘rrelagmYypÁúMeLIgeday 18 cMerok
nigmancMNucsñÚlsßitenAcMkNþalén )at. vamankMBs; 5kMNat; nig1kMNat;sMrab;KMrb.
RbsinebIGñkminmanKMeragnwg eFVIkarEkERbragerArbs;suILaMg dUcCakarBt;ragvaenaHeT
kaerobcMkMNat;kMBs;GaymantMéleTAelx 1 edIm,Ikat;bnßyPaBsμúKsμaj. ebIGñkcg; EkERbcugrbs;suILaMg
RtUvBinitüelIkartMeLIgEpñkkMNat;KMrb.
- Radious ¬kaM¦³ kMNat;kaMénsuILaMg
- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ kMNt;TMhMtambeNþayGkS½kNþal. cMeBaHtMélelxGviC¢manbegáIteGay)ansuILaMg
sßitenaeRkamépÞrab.
- Height Segments ¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarEbgEcktamGkS½cMbgrbs;suILaMg.

kMNat;kMBs;=5 kMNat;kMBs;=12 KMrb=0 KMrb=5

- Cap Segments ³ erobcMcMnYnénkarEbgEckeGay)anjwkCuMvij cMnuckNþalénEpñkelInig )atrbs;
suILaMg.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ erobcMcMnYncMehogenACuMvijsuILaMg. CamYy nigkareRCIserIsykBakü Smooth off
RtUvbnßytYelx dUcenHvabegáIt)anvtßúragBhuekaN. cMeBaHkaryk Smooth on RtUvbEnßmtYelx ehIy
dak;RsemalelIva nig Render eGaydUcCargVg;y:agBitR)akdmYy.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ épÞmuxrbs;suILaMgmanlkçN³bnSúcUlKñakarbegáItPaBrelag KWeFVIeLIgenAkñúg
I
KMehIykar Render.



- ³ manmuxgarEdlGaceRcok)an. ¬Default= Off¦ eBlGñkbegáItcMerokmYy ehIyGñkbiTelI
Slice on

Bakü Slice on naMeGaysuILaMgmYyEdlmanrUbrageBjeljnwgbgðajeLIg. GñkGaceRbIR)as;RbGb;
Binitü (Check Box) edIm,ibiT rWebIkvas;sÞg;TaMgBIrenH.
- Slice from, Slice To³ erobcMcMnYnmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z cab;BItMélelx 0 enAelIGkS½
sMrab;karerobcMTaMgBIrenH tMélviC¢manrMkilcugéncMerok ehIyRcasnigRTnicnaLikar cMENktMélGviC¢man
manclnaRsbnwgRTnicnaLika. dUcKñaenHEdr karerobcMGaceFVIeLIgTukCamun eBjEdldl;cMnuccugeRkayenaHrag
suILaMgeBjeljmYynwgbgðajeLIg.
Generated Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelItMrUbkarénkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;pþl;sMPar³nanaEdlTak;Tgnig
suILaMg. Default= Off
edIm,IbegþItsuILaMg
1> Click elI Create cucelIpÞaMg Geometry kñúg Command Panel
2> Click elIb‘Utug Box
3> elIpÞaMg Creation Method rollout, Click elI Center
4> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse enAelIenHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMénépÞ)at bnÞab;
mkRBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMelIkaMgTaMgenaH. karrMkileLIg rWcuH sMedAelIkMBs; dUcKña nigtMél
viC¢man rWGviC¢manEdr. Click edIm,IerobcMelIkMBs; nigbegáItsuILaMg.



2>4 Torus
Create panel cucelIbU‘tug Geometry Standard Primitives Object Type rollout

cucelIb‘Utug Torus
Creation Method Rollout
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUr Torus cab;BIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTot. GñkGac
pøas;bþÚrTItaMgéncMNuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Torus edayecjBIcMnuckNþalén Torus eTA

kan;cMnuckNþalénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. enHKWCakaMénrgVg;EdlvN½ÐCuMvij Torus.
- Radious 1 ¬kaMTI1¦³ begáItcMgayBIcMnuckNþalén Torus eTAkan;cMnuc

kNþalénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. enHKWCakaMrgVg;vNÐ½CuMvij Torus.
- Radious 2¬kaMTI2¦³ begáItkaMénBMnuHkat;rgVg;. tMélén Default KW 10 units tMélelxenHtMNageGayral;eBl
EdlGñkbegáIt Torus.



- Rotation ¬karbgVil¦³ kMNt;kMritmuMedIm,IbgVil. kñúgkarbgVilEpñkbBaÄrmanlkçN³dUcKña nigkarrt;rbs;rgVg;tam
ry³GkS½kNþalrbs;ExSvN½ÐCuMvij Torus . tMélviC¢man nigGviC¢mansMrab;erobcMkarbgVl;enH KWEpñkbBaÄrmanTis
edAdUcCaenAelIépÞmuxrbs; Torus.
- Twist ¬karmYl¦³ begáItmuMsMrab;karrmYl. karbgVilénBMnuHkat; manlkçN³kan;EtekIneLIgdUcCa clnart;rbs;

rgVg;CuMvijcMnuckNþalrbs; Torus. cMnuccab;epþImcMeBaHkarrmYlKW PaBrgVilbnþKñaénBMnuHkat; rhUtdl;BnuHcug
eRkay EdlmantMélelxénmuM )ankMNt;Rsab;.
karrmYlekok nig Torus ¬minEmnCakareRcokeT¦ begáIteGay)anCakarrYmtUcenAkMNat;TImYy. GñkGac
eCosvagbBaðaenHedaybEnßmtYelxelImuM 360 rWedaykaryk Slice on ehIyerobeGay Slice from nig Slice To
º

eTAelxsUnü edIm,IrkSa Torus eGay)aneBjelj.
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ erobcMcMnYnénkarEbgEckEdlmanlkçN³dUcCagkaMkg;enACuMvij Torus .tamry³
karkat;bnßycMnYnTaMgenHvij eyIgGacbegðItCargVg;ctuekaNCMnYseGayragrgVg;mul.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ erobcMnYncMehogénBMnuHkat;rgVg;rbs; Torus . edaykarkat;bnßycMnYnxagelI eyIg
GacbegáItCaBMnuHkat;ragRBIwsmYyCMnYsBMnuHkat;ragrgVg;mUl.
Smooth Group ¬RkumsMrab;PaBrelag¦³

eRCIserIsykkMriténPaBrelagmYykñúgcMeNamkMritTaMg4³
- All (Default)³ KWCakarbegáItPaBrelagy:ageBjlkçN³enARKb;épÞmuxTaMgGs;rbs; Torus .
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ PaBrelagy:ageBjeljlkçN³enARKb;épÞmuxTaMgGs;rbs; Torus.
- None ¬Kμan¦³ karbiTnUvPaBrelagTaMgGs; naMeGaybegáIt)anCaépÞmuxragRBIsenAelI Torus.
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ kMNat;nimYy² manPaBrelagpÞal;rbs;vakMNat;TaMgenaH begáIteGaymanlkçN³
dUcCakgenACuMvij Torus .
- Slice On ³ kareRcok Torus tammuM 360 begáIteGay)anCacMENkmYy
º

- Slice From ³ eBleyIgebIk Slice On RtUvkMNt;muMeGay)anRtwmRtUvenAkEnøgEdlcab;epþImeRcok Torus.
- Slice To³ eBlEdleyIgebI Slice on RtUvkMNt;muMeGay)anRtwmRtUvenAkEnøgEdlkareRcok Torus RtUv
bBa©b;.
Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelItMrUvkarénkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;pþl;sMPar³nanaeTA Torus .
Default = Off



edIm,IbegáIt Torus
1> Click elI Create Click elI Geometry kñúg Command Panel Click elIb‘Utug Torus
2> enaelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt; Torus. tamkarTaj
enaH Torus k¾bgðajeLIgCamYynwg cMnuckNþalEdlsßitenAcMnucsñÚlrbs;va. RBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMkaMén
kg; Torus .
4> rMkileTAkarkMNt;kaMénBMnuHkat;TTwg rgVg;ehIy Click edIm,IbegáItva Torus

2>5 Teaport ¬)a:n;Et¦
Creat panel Geometry botton Standard Primitives Object Type rollout Teaport Button

Create menu Standard Primitives Teaport




- Edge ¬RCug¦³ eyIgcab;KUr Teaport BIRCugmYy eTAkan;RCugmYyeTot. GñkGac
pøas;bþÚrTItaMg éncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Teaport edayecjkNþaleTA.
Parameter Rollout
- Radious¬kaM¦³ begáItkaMrbs; Teaport
- Segments ¬kMNat;¦³ begáItcMnYncMENksMrab; Teaport rWk¾EpñknimYy²rbs;va.

- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ lkçN³bnSúIKñaénépÞmuxrbs; Teaport begáIteGay)anPaBrelagenAkñúgKMehIy
render .

¬RkuménbMENk Teaport ¦
Teaport Parts Group

eyIgyk Check Boxes ebIk rWbiTsMrab;bMENkén Teaport tamry³karebIk Default TaMGs;
eFVIeGaybegáIt )annUvrag Teaport y:ageBjlkçN³mYy.

Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMelIkarsMrbsMrYlsMrab;GnuvtþelIkarbMBak;sMPar³elI Teaport
Default= Off
edIm,IbegáIt Teaport
1> Click elI Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel bnÞab;mk click elI Teaport b‘Utug.
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout Click elI Center
3> enAelI View port NamYyk¾eday cucelIenaHehIyGUsvamkCamYynigkarGUsenaH Teaport mYyk¾
bgðaj eLIgedaymancMNucsñÚlsßitcMkNþalénépÞ)at.
4> RBElg Mouse mkvijedIm,IerobcMelIkaM nigbegáIt Teaport


2>6 Cone ¬ekan¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard primitives object type rollout cone button
Create Menu Standard Primitives Cone

¬RCug¦³ eyIgKUrekanedaycab;BIRCugmYyeTARCugmYyeTot eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrcMnuc kNþaleday
- Edge

karrMkilTItaMgén Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUrekanedayecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA

Parameters Rollout
Default begáIt)anCaPaBrelag kñúgmYyCuMekanpÁúMeday 24cMENk ehIy
mancMnucsñÚlenAcMkNþal)at. vamankMNat;kMBs; 5 nigkMNat;sMrab;
KMrbmYy.edIm,IeFVIeGay Render kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreLIg eyIgRtUv
bEnßmtYelxrbs;kMNat;kMBs; edIm,I)annUvekand¾relagmYy CaBiessKW
cugRsYc.



- Radius 1¬kaMTI1¦/ Radius 2 ¬kaMTI2¦³ begáItkaMTI1 nigkaMTI2 sMrab; ekan.
cMnYnénkarbegáIttYelxtUcbMputKW sUnü cMeBaHtMélGviC¢manTaMgGs;KW pøas;CasUnü.
eyIgGacbBa©Úlkar erobcMTaMgenH edIm,IbegáItekanEdlmancugRsYc nigekanEdlmancugCaépÞrab
ehIydak;bBaÄrRtg;eTAelI rW dak; bRBa©avij. kñúgkarbBa©ÚlKñaxagelIenH
RtUvsnñtkMBs;kñúgtMélviC¢manTukCamun.

- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ begáItnUvRbEvgtambeNþayGkS½kNþal. tMélelxGviC¢manbegáIt)anekanEdlsßitenAeRkam
épÞrab.
¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ begáItnUvcMnYnéncMENkrbs;kMNat;kMBs;tambeNþayGkS½emrbs;ekan.
- Height Segment

- Cap Segment ¬EpñkKMrb¦³ begáItcMnYnéncMENkEdlmancMnucrYmEtmYy enACuMvijcMnuckNþalénEpñkxagelI)at

rbs;ekan.

kaMTI2 = 0 begáIt)anekanEdlcugRsYc
kaMTI1 = 0 begáIt)anekaNEdlmancugRsYcbRBa©as
kaMTI1 FMCagkaMTI2 begáIt)ankMNt;ekan
kaMTI2 FMCagkaMTI1 begáIt)ankMNat;ekanbRBa©as
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ kMNt;cMnYncMehogenACuMvijekan tMélelxEdlx<s;KWmanRsemal nig Render eGaydUcCargVg;
CamYynig karykBakü Smooth. tMélelxEdlkan;EtTab begáIt)anCavtßúragBhuekaNFmμta CamYynwgkaryk
Bakü Smooth off .
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ eFVIeGayépÞmuxkat;rbs;ekanmanlkçN³bnSúIKñaenaH vanwgbegáIt)annUvPaBrelagkñúg
KMehIj Render.



- Slice On ³ manmuxgarEdlGaceRcok)an. Default=off eBlEdlcab;epþImeRcokehIy biTBakü Slice on enaH
ekanEdleBjlkçN³mYynwgbgðajeLIg. eyIgGaceRbIRbGb; Check box edJIm,IeRCIserIskarbiT rWebIkrvagkar
vas;sÞg;TaMgBIr.
- Slice from, Slice to ³begáItcMnYnmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z Edlcab;epþImBIcMnucsUnüenAelIGkS½ X
cMeBaHkarerobcMTaMgBIrxagelI tMélviC¢manmanclnarMkileTAcugrbs; Slice nigmanTisedAbRBa©asRTnic
naLika rIÉtMélGviC¢manrMkiltamTisedARTnicnaLika. CamYyKñaenHeyIgGacerobcMTukCamun)an ehIyeBlcMnuc
xagcugCYbKña naMeGayekanbgðajrUbrageLIg.

Generate Mapping Coordinates: erobcMtMrUvkarsMrab;sMrbsMrYl sMrab;karGnuvtþn_elIkarbMBak;sMPar³elIekan.
Default= Off
edIm,IbegáItekan³
1> Click elI Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel nigcucelIb‘Utug Cone
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> elI Viewport NamYyk¾)an cucelI Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMénépÞ)atrbs;ekan
bnÞab;mkRBElg Mouse vijedIm,IerobcMelIenaH. rMkileLIgelI rWcuHeRkamedIm,IkMNt;kMBs;k¾dUcnig
tMélviC¢man rWGviC¢manEdr ehIycucelIenaHedIm,ICakarkMNt;. karrMkiledIm,IkMNt;kaMrbs;cMnucmYy
eTotrbs;ekan. bnßytMélkaMeTAelx 0 edIm,I)anekanEdlmancugRsYc.
4> Click edIm,IerobcMelIkaMgTIBIr nigbegáIt)anekan.



2>7 Geoshpere
Create Panel Geometry Button Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout Geosphere button

Create menu Standard Primitives Geosphere

- Diameeter ¬viC¢maRt¦³ KUr Geosphere cab;BIRCugmYyeTAkan;RCugmYyeTot. eyIgGacbþÚrTItaMgéncMnuckNþal
edaykarrMkil Mouse.

- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUr Geosphere ecjBIcMnuckNþal.
Parameters Rollout
- Radius¬kaM¦³ begáItTMhMrbs; Geosphere
- Segment ¬kMNat;¦³ begáItcMnYnépÞmuxsrubenAelI Geosphere. cMnYnépÞ

muxenAelI Geosphere KWesμInwgcMnYndgéncMehogrbs; Polyhydron elIk
Cakaer.



cMeBaHkMNat;EdlmantMélelxkan;EtTab KWmandMeNIrkar)anl¥. cMENkkareRbIR)as;kMNat;mantMélGtibrma
rhUtdl; 200 GacbegáIt)anépÞmux dl;eTA 800/000 b:uEnþCarUbbgðajEdlmanlkçN³Gn;minsUvl¥.
Geodesic Base Type Group
eyIgGnuBaØateGayGñkeRCIserIsykrag Polyhydron FmμtamYykñúgcMeNam Polyhydrons TaMgbIsMrab;Ca
RKwHén Geometry rbs;EsV‘r.
- Tetra ³ KWCamUldæanRKwHénctumux ¬muxbYn¦ épÞmuxEdlmanragRtIekaNGacpøas;bþÚrTMrg; nigTMhM)an.
EsV‘rmYyGacbMEbkCabYncMENkesμIKña.
- Octa³ KWCamUldæanRKwHénGdæmux ¬muxR)aMbI¦ épÞEdlmanragCaRtIekaNGacpøas;bþÚrTMrg;nig TMhM)an.EsV‘r
mYyGacbMEbkeTACaR)aMbIcMENkesμIKña.
- Icosa³ KWCamUldæanRKwHragmanmuxémÖ épÞmuxragRtIekaNTaMgGs;manTMhMesμI²Kña. EsV‘rGacbMEbkCacMnYn
Nak¾)anEdlmankMNat;esμIKña. KWCamUldæanRKWHénBhuekaN nigkarEbgEckmuxémÖ.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ PaBrelagGacGnuvtþ)aneTAelIEpñkxagelIrbs;EsV‘r.
- Hemisphere ³ KWCakarbegáIttaragBak;kNþalEsV‘r.
- Base To Pivote ¬BI)ateTAsñÚl¦³ erobcMTItaMgsMrab;cMnucsñÚl eBlEdleyIgebIkva enaHcMnucsßitenA)at
eRkaménEsV‘r ktþaTaMgenHminmanp;lb:HBal;GVIenAeBlEdl Hemesphere enAebIkeT.

Generated Mapping Coords ³Gnuvtþn_ Default sMrab;sMrbsMrYlelIkarerob Geosphere
edIm,IbegáIt Geosphere
1> Click Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel nig Click elI Geosphere
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout cucelI Center
3> enAkñúg ViewportNamYycuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedImI,kMNt;cMnuckNþal nigkaMrbs;
Geosphere
4> erobcMelI Parameters dUcCa Geodesic Base Type nig Segments



2>8 Tupe ¬TIb¦
Create Panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Objective type rollout Tube button
Creation menu Standard Primitives Tube

- Edge ¬RCug¦³ KUrTIbBIRCugmYyeTAeTARCugeTot. eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrTItaMgéncMnuckNþaledaykarrMkil
Mouse .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ KUrTIbecjBIcMnuckNþaleTA.
Parameters Rollout
Default eFVIeGay)anCaPaBrelag bMBg;TIbmYypÁúMedaycMehogcMnYn18
nigmancMnucsñÚlsßitenAcMkNþal )at vamankMNat;sMrab;kMBs;5 nigmankMNat;mYysMrab;KMrb.
ebIGñkminmanKMnitpøas;bþÚrragsuILaMgdUcCapøas;bþÚr edaykarBt; karkMNt;kMBs;eTACaelx1
edIm,Ikat;bnßynUvPaBsμúKsμaj. ebIGñkcg;pøas;bþÚrcugrbs;suILaMgRtUv emIlelIkarbEnßmcMnYnrbs;KMrb.



- Radius1, Radius2³ cMeBaHkaMxageRkArbs;TIbRtUverobcMeGay
mantMélelxFMCag ehIykaMenAxagkñúgerobcMeGaytUcCag.
- Height ¬kMBs;¦³ kMNt;cMgaytambeNþayGkS½kNþal. tMél
GviC¢manrbs;kMBs;begáIteGay)anCaTIbsßitenAeRkamépÞrab.
- Height Segment ¬kMNat;kMBs;¦³ erobcMcMnYnéncMENktam
beNþayGkS½emrbs;TIb.
- Cap Segments ¬KMrb¦³ erobcMcMnYncMENkEdlmancMnuckNþal
rYmKña enACuMvijén)at nigEpñkxagelIrbs;TIb.
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ kMNt;cMnYncMehogenACuMvijTIb tMélelxkan;Etx<s; pþl;nUvRsemal nig Render bEnßmman
lkçN³dUcCargVg;Bit² TnÞwmnigkarEdleyIgykBakü Smooth on. cMeBaHtMélelxkan;EtTabvanwg begáIt)anCa
vtßúragBhuekaNFmμtamYy edayeyIgykBakü Smooth Off.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ eBlEdleyIgebIkelI Default enaHépÞmuxrbs;TIbmanlkçN³bnSIcUlKña ehIybegáIt
eGay)anCaPaBrelagelceLIgenAkñúgKMehIj Render.
- Slice on³ manlkçN³sMrab;eGayeyIgeRcokvtßúecj)an. kEnøgEdlRtUveRcokecjenaHsßitenAv½NÐCuMvijTIb.
Default =Off
- Slice From; Slice To³ erobcMtMélelxénmuMCuMvijGkS½ Z edaycab;BIcMnucsUnüenAelIGkS½ X .
Generate Mapping Coodinates³ erobcMelItMrUvkarsMrab;karsMrbsMrYledIm,IGnuvtþkñúgkarbMBak;sMPar³elITIb.
Default =Off
edIm,IbegáItTIb
1> Click elI Creat cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Tube
2> enAelI Creation Method Rollout Click elI Center
3> enAelI Viewport NamYyk¾eday cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;kaMTImYy EdlkaMenaH
GacCakaMenAkñúg rWenAxageRkATIbRBElg Mouse mkvijedIm,IerobcMelIkaMTI1enaH. rMkileTAedIm,IkMNt;
elIkaMTI2 ehIy Click edIm,IerobelIva. rMkileLIgelI rW cuHeRkamedIm,IkMNt;d¾dUcCatMélviC¢man rW
GviC¢man.
4> Click edIm,IkMNt;elIkMBs; nigbegáItTIbeLIg.



2>9 Pyramid ¬BIr:amIt¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Object Type Rollout Pyramid Button

Creation Menu Standard Primitives Pyramid
¬)at¼kMBUl¦³ begáIt)atBIr:amItcab;BIRCugmYyeTAkan;RCugmYyeTotEdlenAQmmuxKña.
- Base/Apex

- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ begáIt)atBIra:mItcab;BIcMnuckNþaleTa.

Parameters Rollout ³

- Width Depth and Height ¬TTwg/ CMerA nigkMBs;¦ erobcMcMgayrbs;
cMehogénBIr:amItEdlmanlkçN³suIKña.
- Width Depth and Height Segs ¬kMNat;TTwg kMNat;beNþay nig
kMNat;kMBs;¦³ erobcMcMnYnrbs;kMNat;EdlTak;TgeTAnwg cMehogrbs;
BIra:mIt.


Generate Mapping Coordinates ³ erobcMtMrUvkarsMrab;sMrbsMrYledIm,IGnuvtþelIkarbMBak; sMPar³enAelIBIra:mIt.
Default = Off
edIm,IbegáItBIr:amIt
1> Click Create cucelI Geometry kñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elI Pyramid b‘Utug
2> enaelI Creation method rollout cucelI Base/Apex
3> enAelI Viewport NamYy cuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IkMNt;)atrbs; Pyramid. ebIeyIgcg;
eRbI)at rWkMBUl RtUvkMNt;eGayc,as;BIcMnucpÞúyKñarbs;)at karrMkil Mouse epþk rWbBaÄrKWedIm,IkMNt;elITTwg nig
kMBs;rbs;)at. ebIsinGñkcg;eRbIR)as;elIcMnuckNþal RtUvcuc Mouse ehIyGUsecjBIcMnuckNþalén)ateTA.
bnÞab;mk Click elIenaH ehIyrMkil Mouse edIm,IkMNt;kMBs;.
4> Click edIm,IsMerc)anBIr:amItmYy.



2>10 Plane ¬épÞrab¦
Create panel Geometry button Standard Primitives Object Type rollout Plane button Create menu
Standard Primitives > Plane

Create Menu Standard Primitives Plane

- Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦³ begáItépÞrabkMritdMbUgedaycab;BIRCugmYy eTARCugmYyeTotEdlenAQmmuxKña
cMeBaHkarerobcMkñúgeBlEtmYyrvagtMélelxTaMgGs;xus² KñadUCabeNþay nigTTwg.
- Square ¬kaer¦³ begáItépÞrabragkaermYyEdlmanbeNþay nigTTwgesμIKña eyIgGacpøas;bþÚrcMgayTaMgGs;enA
pÞaMgkargar Parameters EdlbgðajtameRkay.
Parameter Rollout
- Length, Width ¬beNþay/TTwg¦³ erobcMRbEvgbeNþay TTwg nigkMBs;rbs;épÞrab. kargarenHnwgbgðajeGay
eyIgeXIjRsab;kñúgxN³EdlGñkGUs Mouse ecjBIcMehogRbGb;. GñkGacBinitüemIleLIgvijBItMélTaMgLay.
Default=0,0,0

- Length Segs, Width Segs ³ begáItcMnYncMENktambeNþay
GkS½nimYy² rbs;vtßú. eyIgGacerobcMTukCamun rWeRkaykar
begáIt tamry³ Default, enAtamcMehognimYy² rbs;épÞrabpÁúM
edaykMNat;bYn. eBlEdleyIgerobcMeLIgvijBItMélelxTaMg
enHtMélfμIEdlbegáIteLIg nwgkøayCa Default fμIsMrab;vKÁfμI.

Render Multipilers Group
³ karkMNt;eGaycMnUvktþanImYy² KWbeNþay nigTTwgEdlGaceGayeyIgeFVIkar Render )aneRcIn
- Render Scale

dg. Scaling ¬maRtdæan¦ bgðajeLIgBIcMnuckNþaleTAxageRkA.
- Render Segs³ kMNt;ktþanimYy² tamry³cMnYnénkMNat;rbs;beNþay nigTTwgEdl Render )aneRcIndg.



Generate Mapping Coordinates ³ begáItkarsMrbsMrYlkñúgkarGnuvtþn_elIkarbMBak;sMPar³ elIépÞrab.
Default=Off
edIm,IbegáItépÞrab ³
1> Click Creat cucelI Geometry enAkñúg Command Panel ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Plane
2> enAelIpÞaMg Creation Method Rollout Click elI Rectangle .
3> enAkñúg Viewport NamYycuc Mouse elIenaHehIyGUsecjedIm,IbegáItCaépÞrab.
4> Click edIm,IbegáItnUvépÞrab



3> Shape ¬RTg;RTay¦
RTg;Tay rWragKWCabnÞat; 2D rWk¾ 3D nigCaRkuménbNþalbnÞat;TaMgLayNaEdlCaFmμtaGñkeRbIR)as;vaCa
smasPaKrbs;kmμvtßú (Object) d¾éTeTot. PaKeRcInénRTg;RTayEdleKkMNt;eGaymkRsab;eRcIn EtbegáItBI
Spline .

3>1 Lines ¬bnÞat;¦
Create Panel Shape Splines Object Type Rollout Line
Create menu Shapes Line
³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkbegáItkmμvtßúCasV½yRbvtþienAelIépÞmuxénvtßúd¾éTeTot edaykarbegáIteLIg
- Auto Grid

nigkareFVIeGayskmμeLIgnUvsMNg; épÞrabbeNþaHGasnñmYy edayEp¥kelIPaBFmμtaénépÞEdlGñk Click elI.
begáItnUvRTg;RTayfμI ³ rUbrag rWRTg;RTaymYyGacmanEt Spline EtmYyrW vaGac)anmkBIkarbBa©ÚlKñaén Spline
CaeRcIn.
eyIgeFVIkarkMNt;GMBIcMnYnrbs; Splines kñúgRTg;RTaymYyedayeRbIR)as;nUv b‘Utug Start New Shape nig
Check Box enAelI Object Type Rollout Check box EdlenACab;nwgb‘Utug Sart New Shape kMNt;faetIenAeBlNa

EdlRTg;RTayfμImYyRtUvbegáIteLIg. enAeBlEdleyIgebIkBakü Box kmμviFIbegáItnUvRTg;RTaykmμvtßúfμImYyerog
ral;eBlEdlGñkbegáIt Spline eLIg. eBlEdleyIgykBakü Box biTvij/ Spline RtUvbBa©ÚleTAkñúgRTg;RTayEt
mYyEdlGñkeTIbbegáItfμI ehIyEdlva)at;eTAvij)anrhUtdl;eBlEdlGñk Click elIb‘Utug Start New Shape.

b‘Utug Shape Sellection³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMNt;Cak;lak;nUvRbePTRTg;RTayEdlRtUvbegáIt.
Name and Color Rollout³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkdak;eQμaH vtßúmYy nigkMNt;nUvBN’rbs;va. karRtYtBinitüelIkarerob

cMTaMgenHbgðajBIrebobEdl Spline RtUv)anbegáIt. ExSekag
Spline RtUv)anEbgEckCabnÞat;tUc²CaeRcIneTot EdlGacCa

ExSekagBitR)akdmYy. cMnYnEbgEckrvagkMBUlnimYy²enAelI
Spline ehAfa Steps enAeBlEdl Steps eRbIkan;EteRcInenaHExS

ekagkan;EtmanlkçN³c,as;eLIg².
Steps= Splines Steps GacKWCalkçN³ERbRbYl “Adaptive” ¬EdlGacbegáItedaysV½yRbvtþiedayRKan;EtebIknUv

Bakü Adaptive ¦ rWk¾CakarkMNt;edayéd.



enAeBlEdlBakü Adaptive biTenaHeyIgRtUveRbIR)as; Steps Field/ Spinner edIm,IkMNt;nUvcMnYncMENkkMBUl
nimYy². cenøaHEdlmansuBlPaBKWBI 0 eTA 100 Steps . Splines EdlmanExSekagENnceg¥ót TamTarnUvSteps
kan;EteRcIneLIg edIm,IemIleXIjc,as;l¥ kñugxN³EdlExSekagmanlkçN³ekagticRtUvkar Steps tictYcb:ueNÑaH.
Optimize³ eBlebIkvaRtUvykecjeGayGs;nUv Steps EdlminRtUvkarBIkMNat;EdlRtg; (Straingnt Segments) enA

kñúg Splines. Optimize minGaceRbI)aneT enAeBlEdl Adaptive ebIkEdr. Default= Off
Adaptive ³enAeBlEdlbiT eyIgGacebIkelI Control rbs; Manual Interpalation edayeRbIR)as; Optimize nig

Steps sMrab; Spline nimYy² edIm,ibegáItecjCaExSekagEdlmanlkçN³rlUnmYy. Straight Segment EtgEtTTYl

nUv 0 Steps .

enAxageqVg nig Adaptive Spline enAxagsþaMCalT§pltamry³karemIlBIxagsþaM eyIgeXIjeRKag
Optimize Spline

ragvtßúEdlmanlkçN³CaExSlYsBT½§CuMvij.
Rendering Rollout
GñkGacebIk rWbiTlT§pl Render eTAelI Spline )ankMNt;kMras;
rbs;enAkñúgKMehIysMrab;Render Parameters Gacmanclna)an
]TahrN_³ GñkGaceGaycMnYncMehogmanclna.

GñkGacbþÚrPaBbnSúIKñaEdl)anbgðajeGay eTACavtßúbnSúIKñaedayGnuvtþelI Edit Mesh rWk¾bþÚreTACa Editable mesh
k¾)an. RbBn½§enHnwgeRbIR)as;elIkarerobcM Viewport sMrab;bnøas;nUvPaBbnSúIKñaRbsinebI Use Viewport Setting



RtUv )anRtYtBinitürYcral;ehIy ebImindUcenHeTvanwgeRbIR)as;elIkarerobcM Render vij.
lkçN³TaMgenHpþl;nUvkarbt; EbnGtibrmanigEtgEtpþl;nUvbnøas;bþÚrPaBbnSúIKñaEdlbgðajecjenAkñúg Viewports.
- Viewport³ ebIkelIBakü Viewport nigerobcMelIkMras; cMehognigmuM.
- Render³ ykBakü Render nigerobcMelIkMras; cMehognig muM.
- Thickness ¬kMras;¦³ erocMkMras;edIm,IkMNt;Ggát;p©itén Viewports rW Renders Spline
(Spinner Value: Float, 0.0 eTA 1>0E30¦

Render eTAelIkMras;rbs; Spline KW 1>0 nig 5>0 eTAtam Spline nimYy².
- Sides ¬cMehog¦³ begáItcMnYncMehogsMrab; Spline EdlmanlkçN³bnSúIKñaenAkñúg Viewport rW Render ]TahrN_³
tMélmYykñúgcMeNamtMél4 niwgeGayGñkTTYl)annUvBMnuHkatragkaermYy.
- Angle ¬muM¦³ sMrbsMrYleTATItaMgénkarbgVisBMnuHkat;enAkñúg viewport rW renderd . ]TahrN_³ RbsinebIGñkman
BMnuHkat;ragkaermYy GñkGaceRbImuMeTATItaMg “Flat” EdlmanlkçN³cuHeRkam.
- Renderable ¬lkçN³Gac Renders )an¦³ eBlEdlebIk TMrg;Edlnwg Render eRbI)ancMeBaHEt Parameters
Edl )ankMNt;Tuk.

Generate Mapping Coords ³ eyIgebIelIcMnucenHedIm,IGnuvtþelI Mapping Coordinates karsMrbsMrYlrag U KWruMBI
eRkACuMvijkMras;én Spline.
Tiling ³ RtUv)anbMeBjcMeBaHkareRbIR)as; Tiling Parameters kñúgkarbMBak;sMPar³dUcCaerobdækar:UedayxøÜnÉg.

- Display Render Mesh ³ lkçN³énkarbgðajBIsPaBbnSúIKñakñúg Render )anbegáIteGaymanedaysar splines.



- Use Viewport Setting ³ bgðajBIPaBbnSúIKñaEdlbegáIteday viewport setting.
man Tool CaeRcInrbs; Spline EdleRbIelI Creation Method Rollout. en
elIpÞaMgkargarenHGñkeRCIserIs karkMNt;n½yeGay Spline tamry³cMnuckNþalrbs;k¾dUcCa viCÄekaNrbs;va
¬RCugbeBaäóg¦.
- Edge ¬RCug¦³ karcucelI Mouse dMbUgKWkarkMNt;n½yrbs;cMnucenAelIcMehog rWenAcMnucRCugénrUbrag ehIyGñkcuc
elI Mouse edIm,IGUsykGgát;p©it rWRCugbeBaäóg.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ karcucelI Mouse elIkdMbUgKW karkMNt;n½yrbs;cMnuckNþalrUbrag ehIyGñkGUsedIm,I
eGay)ankaMnigcMnucenAcMRCug.
Keyboard Entry Rollout
GñkGacbegáIt Splines CaeRcInedayeRbIR)as; Keyboard Entry
kñúgdMeNIrkarenHmanlkçN³dUcKñaCaTUeTA cMeBaH Splines
TaMgGs;ehIy Parameters TaMgLayKW manenAeRkamBakü
Keyboard Entry.

Keyboard Entry edImdMbUgmaneRcInRbePTkñúgcMnYnén Parameters

ehIyrUbPaBxagelIbgðajnUv Keyboard Entry Rollout FmμtamYy
sMrab;begáItragrgVg;mUl. Keyboard Entry Rollout pÞúknUvkargar
begáItcMnucdMbUg. karpøas;bþÚrtYelxedIm,Ipøas;bþÚr parameters kñúg
karbMeBjeGay)an Spline mYy.

vaybBa©ÚltMélelxenAkñúgépÞTMenrnimYy² ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Create edIm,IbegáIt Spline. viFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegþIt
bnÞat;manlkçN³xusKñaBIkarbegáIt Spline. GñkeRCIserIsnUv Option edIm,IkarRtYtBnitüelIRbePTénkMBUlrbs;va
eBlGñk Click rWGUsTTwg. GñkGacerobcMTukCamun nUvRbePT Default rbs; Spline bBaÄr enAeblEdlbegáItbnÞab;
CamYykarerobcMTaMgenH.


Initial Type Group¬RbePTRkumdMbUg¦
erobcMRbePTéncugkMBUlEdlGñkbegáIt eBlGñk Click TItaMgNamYyrbs;kMBUl
- Corner ¬RCugEkg¦³ begáIteGay)ancMnucmYy Spline manlkçN³CaCYrdUcKña nigEpñkénkMBUl.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ begáIteGay)anCaPaBrelag minmankartMrg;eT KWmanlkçN³CaExSekageq<aHeTAkan;
kMBUl. cMnYnrbs;ExSbnÞat;ekagenHerobcMtamry³KMlaténExSbBaÄr.
Drag Type Group
erobcMRbePTénkMBUlEdlGñknwgbegáIt eBlGñkGUsTItaMgrbs;kMBUl. kMBUlmanTItaMgenARtg;cMnuc cursor
eBlEdlGñkcucelI Mouse elIkdMbUgTisedAnig cMgayEdlGñkTajecjmk KWeRbIsMrab;EtkarbegáItelIExSbBaÄr
Bezier.

- Corner ¬RCugEkg¦³ begáIt)ancMnucmYy Spline manlkçN³CaCYrdUcKña nigEpñkénkMBUl.
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦³ begáIt)anPaBrelag minmankartMrg;eTKW manlkçN³CaExSbnÞat;ekageq<aHeTA
kan;kMBUl.
- Bezier ³ begáItPaBrelag Gacbt;Ebn)aneTAkan;kMBUl. cMnYnénExSekag nigTisedAénPaBekag KWkMnt;
edaykarGUs Mouse eTAkan;EpñkTTwgnimYy².
edIm,IbegáItbnÞat;³
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIbU‘tug Line
3> erobcMelIkarEkelxbEnßm
4> Click Mouse rWGUsecjedIm,Icab;epþImcMnuc nigGUscMnucbEnßm
5> erobcMelIkar Render elIkMras;
6> Click elI Render Scene Botton
7> bnÞab;mkGñkGacemIleXIjbnÞat;Edl Render ehIy.



3>2 Rectangle ¬ctuekaNEkg¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Rectangle

Create menu Shapes Rectangle
Creation Method Rollout ³
ragctuekaNEkg eRbIR)as;karbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman Spline CamUldæan
RKwH KWeRbIR)as; Parameters kñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout:
eBlEdlGñkbegáItragctuekaNEkg)anmþgehIyGñkGaceFVIkar
bþÚr nUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH)an.



- Length ¬beNþay¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;ctuekaNEkgtamGkS½ X
- Width ¬TTwg¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;ctuekaNEkgtamry³GkS½ X
- Corner Radius ¬muMEkg¦³ sMrab;begáItRCugmanragmUl eBlGñkkMNt;tMélelxeTAsUnü enaHctuekaNEkgnwg
manmuM 90 enARCugnimYy².
º

edIm,IbegáItctuekaNEkg
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsykBakü Shape
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Rectangle
3> eRCIserisviFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegáIt
4> GUs Mouse mkkñúg Viewport NamYyedIm,IbegáItctuekaNEkg
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;ctuekaNEkg



3>3 rgVg; (Circle)
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Circle
Create menu Shapes Circle

General Rollout

Spline EdlpÁúMCa)atTaMgGs;CaTUeTAman Parameters dUcKña
ragrgVg;eRbIR)as;karbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdl Spline CamUldæanRKwHKW
eRbIR)as; Parameters enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameter Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItragrgVg;)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚr
nUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH)an³

Radius ¬kaM¦³ kMNt;kaMrgVg;
edIm,IbegáItrgVg;
1> Create Panel eRCIserIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Circle
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse enAelI Viewport mYyedIm,IbegáItrgVg;
5> erobcM Parameter rbs;rgVg;



3>4 eGlIb (Ellipse)
Create Panel Shapes Splines Object Type Rollout Ellipse
Create Menu Shapes Ellipse

rageGlIbeRbIR)as;karegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esIÞrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman Spline CamUldæanRKwH
KWeRbIR)as; Parameter enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout ³

eBlEdlbegáItrageGlIb)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚrnUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter TaMgenH.



Length ¬beNþay¦³ sMrab;kMNt;TMhMrbs;eGlIbtamGkS½ Y
Width ¬TTwg¦³ kMNt;TMhMrbs;eGlIbtamGkS½ X

edIm,IbegáIt Ellipse³
1> Create Panel ehIyeRCIserIsBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaM Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘UtUg Ellipse
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþkñúgkarbegáIt
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáIteGlIb
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;eGlIb



3>5 Arc ¬GkS½¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Arc
Create menu Shapes Arc

Creation Method rollout
karbgðajenH bgðajBIlMdab;edayénkar Click elI Mouse Edl
Cab;Bak;Bn½§nigkarbegáItGkS½.
- End-End Middle³ cucelI Mouse rYcGUsecj ehIyRBElgvijedIm,IkMNt;cugTaMgBIrrbs;GkS½ nig Click edIm,I
kMNt;cMnucTI3EdlenAcenøaHcMnucFugTaMgBIr.
- Center –End-End ³cucelI Mouse edIm,IkMNt;TItaMgrbs;cMnuckNþalrbs;GkS½ GUsecjehIyRBElgvijedIm,I
kMNt;cMnuccugrbs;GkS½ nigcucmþgeTotedIm,IkMNt;ykcMnucmçageTot.

begáItGkS½mYyedayeRbI viFIsa®sþ End-End- Middle

begáItGkS½mYyedayeRbIviFIsa®sþ Center-End-End

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlbegáIt)anGkS½mþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚrnUvkareRbIR)as; Parameter xageRkam³

- Radius ³kMNt;kaMénGkS½
- From ¬cab;BI¦³ kMNt;TItaMgéncMnuccab;epþImedaykar
vas;muMcab;BIcMnYnviC¢maneTAtamGkS½ X



- To ¬eTAkan;¦³ kMNt;TItaMgéncMnucbBa©b;edaykarvas; muMcab;BIcMnYnviC¢manenAelIGkS½ X .
Pie Slice³ eBleyIgebIkelI Pre Slice KWCakarbegáIt Spline d¾CitmYyEdlmanragdUcCa Pie. cMnuccab;epþIm nig

bBa©b;P¢ab;eTAnwgcMnuckNþaledaykMNat;Rtg;².

edIm,IbegáItGkS½
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout click elIb‘Utug Arc
3> eRCIserIsviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáItGkS½
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GkS½



3>6 Donuts ¬dUNat;¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Donut
Create menu Shapes Donut

Create Method rollout
ragerArbs; Donut eRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþénkarbegáIttamKMrUrbs; Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdl
man Splines CamUldæanRKwH KWeRbIR)as; Parameter enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.
Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItrag Donut )anmþgehIy GñkGacpøas;bþÚrkareRbIR)as; Parameter xageRkamenH)an ³

- Radius 1¬kaMTI1¦³ erobcMkaMsMrab;rgVg;TImYy
- Radius 2¬kaMTI2¦³ erocMkaMsMrab;rgVg;TIBIr

edIm,IbegIát Donut
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shares
2> enAelI Object Type Rollout, Click elIb‘Utug Donut
4> GUs Mouse enAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáItGkS½
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GkS½
6> cUlkñúg Modify panel erIsykBakü Extrude
7> erobcMcMnYnsMrab; Exturde
8> bnÞab;mkGñknwgeXIjTIbmYyenAkñúg Viewport



9> Click elIb‘Utug Bend
10> erobcMelIcMnYnsMrab; Bend
11> bnÞab;mkeyIgnwgeXIjragmanlkçN³dUcCaEkgéd



3>7 Ngon
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout NGon
Create menu Shapes Ngon

Creation Method rollout
karbegáItrag Ngon eRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþtamKMrUkarbegáIt Center rW Edge esÞIrEtTaMgGs;énragEdlman
Splines CamUldæanRKwH KWeRbIR)as;nUv Parameters enAkñúg Creation Method dUcKña.

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáItrag Ngon )anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;
bþÚrkareRbIR)as; Parameters xageRkam³
- Radius ³ kMNt;kaMrbs; Ngon



- Inscribed ¬cMNar¦³ kaMRtUv)anvas;BIcMnuckNþaleTAcMnuc RCugrbs; Ngon
- Circumscribed Radius ¬karvilduMénkaM¦³ kaMRtUv)anvas;BIcMnuckNþaleTAkan;cMehogrbs; Ngon KWcab;BI 3 eTA

100.
- Corner Radius ¬kaMenAcMnucRCug¦ ³ kMNt;muMenACuMvij nig apply eTAkan;RCugEkgrbs; Ngon. karbegáItmuM 0 KWCa

KMrUmYysMrab;kMNt;RCugmanragmUl.
- Cicular ¬cracr¦³ eBlEdlebIk kMNt;clnakñúgkareFVIcracrrbs; Ngon

edIm,IbegáIt Ngon ³
1> Creation Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Objective type rollout Click elIb‘Utug Ngon
3> eRCIserIsviFIFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
4> GUs Mouse enAkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáIt Ngon
5> erobcM Parameter rbs; Ngon



3>8 Star ¬páay¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Object Type rollout Star
Create menu Shapes Star

Parameters rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáIt)anragpáaymþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkarpøas;bþÚreRbIR)as; Parameters xageRkam)an³
- Radius1 ¬kaMTImYy¦³ kMNt;rbs;ExSbBaÄrkñúg ¬RClg¦énpáay.
- Radius 2¬kaMTIBIr¦³ kMNt;kaMrbs;ExSbBaÄreRkA ¬cMnucRsYc¦énpáay.
- Points ¬cMnuc¦³ kMNt;cMnYnéncMnucenAelIpáay CYrEdlGacykCakar)ancab;BI 3 100.
páaymanExSbBaÄreRcInCag 2dgcMnYncMnucEdl)ankMNt;. Bak;kNþalénExSbBaÄrKWenAelIkaMmYytamtamTMrg;
cMnuc nigExSbBaÄrEdlenAsl;KW enAelIkaMd¾éTeTottamTMrg;RClg.



- Distortion ¬kareFVIeGayxusPaBedIm¦³ karbgVilExSbBaÄrxageRkAcMnuc. RbEhlnigcMnuckNþalrbs;
páay ktþaenHeFVIeGaymanplb:HBal;edaykarkøayCaragdUceFμjrNa.

Fillet Radius1 ¬kaMbMeBjkaMTI1¦³ enACuMvijExS bBaÄrxagkñúg
¬RClg¦rbs;páay.
Fillet Radius 2¬bMeBjkaMTI2¦³ enACuMvijExSbBaÄrxageRkA

¬cMnuc¦ rbs;páay.

edIm,IbegáItpáay³



edIm,IbegáItpáay
1> Create Panel erIsykBakü Shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object type Rollout, Click elIb‘Utug Ngon
4> GUs Mouse eTAkñúg Viewport mYyedIm,IbegáIt Ngon
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs; Ngon
3>9 Text ¬GtßbT¦
Create panel Shapes Splines Objcet Type Rollout Text
Create Menu Shapes Text

Parameters Rollout
eBlGñkbegáItGtßbT)anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIeGaykarpøas;bþÚreRbIR)as; Parameters TaMgenH)an³

- Font List ³ eRCIserIsecjBItarag Font TaMgLayEdl
GaceRbIkar)anKW rYmman Font Edl)anbBa©Úlkñúg
Windows ehIy. vayGkSrmYyBaküén font kñúg

Configure Path Dialog.

- Halic Style Button ¬m:UdbBaäit¦³ erobcMeGayGtßbT

bBaäit)ans¥atl¥.
- Underline Style Button ¬KUsbnÞat;BIeRkam¦³ sMrab;

KUrbnÞat;BIeRkamGtßbT.
- Align Left ¬tMrg;xageqVg¦³ tMrg;GtßbTeGayeTAeqVgénRbGb;sMrab;sresr.
- Center ¬kNþal¦³ tMrwmGtßbTeGayenAcMkNþalRbGb;sresr

- Align Right ¬tMrg;xagsþaM¦³ sMrab;tMrg;GtßbTeGayeTAxagsþaMénRbGb;sMrab;sresr.

- Justify ¬RtwmesμIKñasgxag¦³ épÞenAsgxagRKb;CYrénGtßbTRtUvsn§wgeGayeBjRbGb;sresr.



Note ³ cMeBaHkartMrg;GtßbTTaMg4 RbePTxagelIenH RtUvkareGaymanCYrsMeNrenAGtßbTeRcIn BieRBaHvabgðaj
enAelIGtßbTEdlmanTMnak;TMngKñakñúgRbGb;. RbsinebIGtßbTmanGkSrEtmYyCYr enaHvanwgmanTMhMEtmYyenAkñúg
RbGb;sesr ehIyminmankEnøgsMrab;eTA)aneT.
- Size ¬TMhM¦³ erocMelIkMBs;GtßbT EdlviFIsa®sþkñúgkarvas;kMBs;GtßbTenHKW )anbgðajedayclnaénBum<GkSr.

enAeBldMbUgEdlGñkvayGtßbT TMhMEdlCa Default rbs;vaman 100 units.
- Kerning ³ RtUvdak; Kerning eGay)anRtwmRtUv ¬cMgayrvagGkSrmYyeTAmYyeTot¦

- Leading ¬naMmux¦³ erobcMelI Leading ¬cMgayrvagCYrnimYy²¦ vamanRbsiT§PaBenAeBlNaEdlmanCYrGkSr

eRcInénGtßbTrYmbBa©ÚlkñúgTMrg;mYyRsab;.
- Text Edit box ³ GnuBaØati)ansMrab;GtßbTEdlmanCYreRcIn. cuc Enter bnÞab;BICYrnimYy² énGtßbTedIm,Icab;epþIm

CYrbnÞab;. lkçN³dMbUgén Defaults KW “Max Text” . RbGb;sMrab;vayGtßbTmin)anTTYlsÁal;CamYynwgcegáam
BaküeT. GñkGackat;Bakü nigbiT (Paste) vijEtmYyCYr rWeRcInCYr tamry³ Clipboard.
Update Group
krNIenHGaceGayGñkeFVIkareRCIserIskareFVIeGayTan;sm½yEdlbegáItsMrab;sßankarN_EdlmanlkçN³sμúKsμaj
énTMrg;rbs;GtßbTEdlFMeFgsMrab;kareFVIeGaykan;EtTMenIbedayPaBGUtUm:aTic.
Update kareFVIeGayGtßbTmanlkçN³TMenIbenAkñúg viewport edIm,IpÁúMeGaysuIKñacMeBaHkarerobcMPøam²enAkñúg

Text Display Window . b‘UtugenHeRbI)anEtenAeBlEdl Manual Update kMBugebIk.

Manual Update eBlEdlebIk GtßbTEdlGñkvayGtßbT Text display window minbgðajenAkñúg Viewport

eT rhUtTal;EtGñk Click elIb‘Utug Update.
edIm,IbegáItGtßbT³
1> Create panel erIsykBakü shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Text
3> Enter GtßbTEdlGñkcg;)ankñúg Text Window
4> Click elI Viewport NamYyedIm,IbegáIt Caracter
5> erobcMelI Parameters rbs;GtßbT



3>10 Herix
Create Panel Shapes Splines Objcet Type Rollout Helix
Create menu Shapes Helix

Parameters Rollout
eBlEdlGñkbegáIt Herix )anmþgehIy GñkGaceFVIkar
pøas;bþÚr Parameter TaMgenH)an.



- Radius 1³ kMNt;kMBs;rbs; Herix
- Radius 2³ kMNt;kaMedIm,IbBa©b; Herix

- Height ³kMNt;kMBs;rbs; Herix

- Turn ¬karbEgVr¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarbEgVr Herix Edlcab;epþImrvagcMnuccab;epþIm nigcMnucbBa©b;.

- Bias ³ KWCasMNagbEgVredIm,IeGayekIneLIgnUvcMnucmYyrbs; Herix Bias min)anbgðajkaremIleXIjnUv

RbsiT§PaBGVIeTEdlkMBs;mantMél 0>0.
edIm,IbegáIt Herix
1> Create panel erIsBakü shapes
2> enAelIpÞaMg Object Type Rollout Click elIb‘Utug Herix
3> Click elI Renderarable nigerobcMelIkMras;
4> Click elIviFIsa®sþsMrab;begáIt
5> GUs Mouse cUlkñúg Viewport edIm,IbegáI Herix
6> erobcMelI Parameters rbs; Herix
7> Click elIpÞaMg Render Scence Toolbar EdlenAelI Toolbar
8> GñknwgeXIjkar Render elI Herix CamYynwgkMras;rbs;va



3>11 BMnuH (Selection)
Creation Panel Shapes Spines Object Type Rollout Section
Create Menu Shapes Section

Section Parameters Rollout
- Create Shape ¬karbegáItTMrg;¦³ karbegáItTMrg;mYy
EpñkelIkarbgðajfμI²nUvkarRbsBVrbs;bnÞat;. Dialog
mYy)anbgðajBIGVIEdlGñkGaceGayeQμaHvtßúfμI)an.
lT§plénTMrg; KW Spline EdlGacEkERb)anCakMNat;én
bnÞat;eday nigRCugbBaÄr Ep¥kelIkarRbsBVénPaBbnSúI
KñaenAelIpÞaMgEtmYy.



Update Group:
pþl;muxgarsMrab;kMNt;eGayc,as; eBlEdlkarRbsBV énbnÞat;kan;EtmanlkçN³ Update.
- When Section Moves ¬eBlBMnuHmanclna¦³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat; kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreBlGñk
eFVIclna rWkMNt;TMhMmþgeTotelIragBMnuHkat;.
- When Section Selected ¬eBlBMnuHCab; Select¦³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat;kan;EtmanlkçN³RbesIreBl
EdlBMnuHCab; Select b:uEnþminEmnkñúgeBlEdlGñkeFVIclnavaenaHeT. Click elIb‘Utug Update Section edIm,IeGay
karRbsBVénBMnuHkan;Etl¥eLIg.
- Manually³eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénbnÞat;manlkçN³ kan;EtTMenIbeBlEdlGñk Click elI Update Section b‘Utug.

- Update Section ³ eFVIeGaykarRbsBVénmuxkan;EtTMenIbedIm,IeGaysuIKña eTAnwgkEnøgfμIrbs;vtßúEdl)an Select
eBlEdleyIgkMBugeRbIelI When Section Selected rW Manually .
- Note ³ eBlEdlkMBugeRbIelI When Section Selected rW Manually Gñkgac Offset edaybegáIteGaymanBMnuH
kat;TTwgBITItaMgén geometry rbs;karRbsBV. dUcEdlGñkeFVIeGayvtßúBMnuHmanclna ehIyExSBMnuHkatTTwgBN’
elOg k¾manclnaCamYyEdr edayTukecalnUv Geometry enABIeRkay. eBlGñk Click elI Create Shape enaH
TMrg;fμInwgbgðajeLIgtamExSBMnuHkat;TTwg enAelITItaMgsMrab; Offset.
Section Extends group
eRCIserIsykmYykñúgcMeNamkrNIxagelIenH edIm,IkMNt;cMgayénBMnuHkat;TTwgEdlbegáItedaykarBuHvtßú.
- Infinite ¬Gnnþ¦³ bøg;BMnuHKW GnnþenARKb;TisedATaMgGs; CalT§plenAkñúgBMnuHkat;TTwg man Geometry
Nak¾bnSúIcUlKñaEdrenAkñúgépÞrabrbs;va.
- Section Boundary ¬RBMEdnénBMnuH¦³ BMnuHkat;TTwgbegIteLig)anEtCamYyvtßúNaEdlenAxagkñúg rWb:H
Bal;edayRBMEdnénkarBuH.
- Color Swatch ³ Click elIenHedIm,IerobcMkarbgðajBIBN’énkarRbsBVKña.
Section Size Rollout

pþl;nUv Spinners EdleGayGñksMrYlelIbeNþay nigTTwgEdlbgðaj
tamBuHragctuekaNEkg.



- Length/ Width ³ sMrYlbeNþay nigTTwgrbs;karbgðajBMnuHragctuekaNEkg.
edIm,IbegáItBMnuH
1> begáItCa Max Text enAelI Viewport NamYy
2> Create panel erIsBakü Shapes ehIy Click elI Section
3> GUs Mouse CaragctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Viewport NamYyEdlGñkcg;bgðajpøÚvelIépÞrab.
4> rMkil rW bgVilBMnuH dUcenHnwgeXIj vtßúEdlmanPaBbnSúIKña enAelIépÞrabrbs;va enAkñúgpÞaMg Scence
5> bnÞat;elOgbgðajeLIgenAkEnøgEdlCaTIRbsBVénépÞrab
6> Click elI Create Shape
7> vaybBa©ÚleQμaHeTAkñúg Dialog CalT§pl ehIy Click OK



CMBUk 2
Commands edIm,IEkERbrUbsMNak

1. Modify



1>1 Bend ¬karBt;¦
Modify Panel Make a selection Modify List Parametric Modifiers Bend
Make a selection Modifiers Menu Parametric Deformers Bend

Modifier Stack
- Gizmo sub-object³ GñkGaceFVIeGay Gizmo ERbRbYl nig
manclnadUcvtßúd¾éTeTotenAkñúgkMrit sub-subject plb:HBal;
énkarbMEpøgBIkarpøas;bþÚr Bend. karERbesckþIelI Gizmo eday
ERbcMnuckNþalxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμIrYmmYy.
ral;karbgVil nigkMNt;maRtdæanelI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center sub-object ³GñkGaceFVIkarERbesckþI nigmanclnaelIcMnuckNþalenAkMril Center sub
object ehIy bMEpøgeTACaragdUc Gizmo ehIydUcKñanigvtßúEdl)anBt;ehIy.

Parameters Rollout
Bend Group
- Angle ¬muM¦³ erobcMedIm,IBt;cab;BIépÞrabbBaÄr
Range = -999,990.0 eTA + 999,999.0

- Direction ¬TisedA¦³ erobcMTisedAelITMnak;TMngelIkatBt;

eTAépÞrabepþk.
Range = -999,990.0 eTA + 999,999.0

Bend Axis Group:
X/Y/Z ³kMNt;GkS½edIm,IBt; RtUvsMKal;fa GkS½enHsßitena Bend Gizmo nigminTak;TgeTAnwgGVIEdl)an Select eT
Default= Z
Limit Group
- Limit Effect ³ karGnuvtþn_elIkMritRBMEdnedIm,IeGaymanRbsiT§PaBelIkarBt;. Default= Off



- Upper Limit ³ erobcMRBMRbTl;xagelIenAkñúg World Uniits cab;BIcMnuckNþalénkarBt; EdlkarBt;enHminman
RbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eT.
Default = O, Range =0 eTA 999,999.0

- Lower Limit³ erobcMRBMRbTl;xageRkamenAkñúg World Units cab;BIcMnuckNþalénkarBt; karBt;enHminman

RbsiT§PaBeTAelI Geometry eT.
Default = 0, Range= 999,999.0 eTA 0

edIm,IbegáItragEkgédCamYy Command Bend
1> begáItTIbenAkñúg viewport NamYy ehIy select elIvtßúnwg click elI modifiers rollout
2> Click elIb‘Utug Bend
3> kMNt;muMedIm,IBt;tamGkS½Edl)anerIsehIy
4> enAelIpÞaMg parameters rollout edIm,IGkS½énkarBt;eTA X,Y rW Z enHKWCaGkS½rbs; Bend Gizmo min
EmnCaGkS½rbs; Bend Gizmo minEmnCaGkS½rbs;vtßúEdl Select eT
5> ebIkelIBakü Limit Effect enAkñúg Limit Group nigerogcMelI Upper Limit
6> rMkil Gizmo eTAxagsþaM
7> bnÞab;mkGñknwg eXIjragEkgéd



1>2 Taper
Modify Panel Make a selection Modifier List Parametric Modifiers Taper
Make a selection Modifiers Menu Parametric Deformers Taper

karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarv½NÐCuMvijEdlmanlkçN³kan;EttUceTA² edaykarbnßycugTaMgBIrén
Geometryrbs;vtßú cugmçagKWbEnßm nig cugmçageTot KWbnßy. GñkGacRtYtBinitücMnYn nigExSekagén Taper elIkar

erobcMGkS½BIr Gñkk¾GackMNt;RBMEdnén Taper eTACaBMnuHén Geometry.
Modifier Stack
- Gizmo ³ enAelIkMrit sub-object enH GñkGacEkERbTTWg
nigeFVIeGay Gizmo manclnadUcCavtßúd¾éTeTotEdr. plb:H


Bal;énkarkMEbøgelIkarpøas;bþÚr Taper .karERbesckþIelI Gizmo edayERbcMnuckNþaledayxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμI
KñamYy. ral;karbgVil nigkMNt;maRtdæan elI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ enAelIkMrit sub-object GñkGacEkERbcMnuckNþal nigeFVIeGayvamanclna
kar bMElgrag Taper Gizmo naMeGayvtßúenaHmanragkan;EtRsYceTA.
Parameter Rollout
karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarerobcMenAelIGkS½TaMgBIr nigkarerob
cMeGaymanlkçN³suIemRTIenAkñúgRbGb; Taper Axis elI Parameter
Rollout CamYynwgkarpøas;bþÚrd¾éTeTot GkS½TaMgenhmanTMenareTArk

Gizmo én Taper minEmneTArkxøÜnvaenaHeT.

Taper Group
- Amount ¬cMnYn¦³ cMgayeTAkan;cMnucnimYy²Edl)ankMNt;maRtdæanehIy tMélcMnYnTaMgenHmanTMnak;
TMngCamYynwg tMélGtibrmaKW 10.
- Curve ¬PaBekag¦³ GnuvtþkMeNageTAkan;cMehogén Taper gizmo, dUecñHplb:HBal;EdlmanelIRTg;
RTayrbs;vaKWkan;EtRsYceLIg². tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anEpñkekagxageRkAcMehogEdlmanlkçNkan;EtRsYc
tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anExSekagEpñkxagkñúg. enAtMél 0 cMehogTaMgLayminmankarERbRbYleT.
Default = 0
Taper Axis Group
- Primary: GkS½kNþalrWq¥wgxñgrbs; Taper: X, Y rW Z Default = Z.
- Effect: GkS½mYyrW GkS½mYyKUrcg¥úlbgðajBITisedArbs; Taper cab;BIGkS½dMbUgeTA. CMerIsCaeRcInEdl
Gacrk)an KWkarkMNt;edayCMerIsmYyénGkS½dMbUg. RbsiT§iPaBelIGkS½mYyGacmanlkçN³dUcKñanig GkS½BIreTot
EdlenAsl; rWkarbBa©ÚlKñarbs;GkS½TaMgBIrenaH. RbsinebIGkS½dMbUgKWCaGkS½ X enaHRbsiT§iPaBelIGkS½GacCa Y,
Z rW YZ .
Default = XY



- Symemetry ¬suIemRTI¦³ begáItCa Taper manlkçN³suIemRTICuMvijGkS½dMbUg. Taper

mYyKWEtgEtmanlkçN³suIemRTICuMvijGkS½NaEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB.
Default = Off

GkS½dMbUg GkS½TTYlT§iBl
Limit Group
kar Offset elI Taper KWGnuvtþcenøaHRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTab nig RBMEdnEdlkan;Etx<s;. Geometry Edl
enACuMvij/ kñúgxN³EdlminmanT§iBleday Taper xøÜnÉgpÞal; va)aneFVIclnaedIm,IrkSavtßúeGayenAdEdl.
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦³ GaceFVIeGayRBMEdnkan;EtTab nigkanEtx<s;)ansMrab;RbsiT§iPaB
eTAelI Taper.
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;elIRBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;x<s;enAkñúg World Unit cab;BI
cMnuckNþalén Taper eTA. xageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy.
- Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;EtTab¦³ kMNt;elIRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabenAkñúg World Unit cab;BIcMnuc
kNþalén Taper eTAxageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy.

RbsiT§iPaBelIkarrMkilcMnuckNþalCamYynwgkarerobcMelIRBMEdn

edIm,IbegáItKMrbmanCMralCamYynwg Taper
1-5 begáItTIbenAkñúg Viewport NamYy
6-7 Click elIb‘Utug Bend EdlenAkñúg Modifier Rollout
8 kMNt;cMnYnén TaperegáItTIbenAkñúg Taper nigtMNag
9 erobcMelIGkS½rbs; Taper



10 bnÞab;mkGñknwgeXIjvtßúmYymanragdUcCaekan

11> Click elIb‘tug U V W Map enAkñúg Modifier rollout
12> Select RbePTénRbGb;enAkñúg Mapping Rollout
13> Click elIb‘Utug Fit EdlenAkñúg Aligment
14> Select elI Material /Mapp Browser enAkñúg Toolbar



15> Click elIrn§KMrUTImYykñúgcMeNamcenøaHrn§tUcEdlCaKMrU
16> Click elIb‘Utug Assign Material edIm,IkMNt;sMPar³eTAelIvtßú
17> Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse color map enAkñúg maps rollout
18> Select elI checker map EdlenAkñúg Material /Map browser
19> Click OK
20> erobcMelIkardak;kar:UelIEpnTI ( U=5, V=5 )
21> LÚvrn§KMrUtUc² TImYyrbs;GñkkøayCaragRklacRtgÁ
22> Click elI Show map enAkñúg viewport edIm,IeXIjRklacRtgÁkñúg Viewport
23> ekanrbs;Gñkpøas;bþÚrrYcehIy
24> pøas;bþÚrRbePTrYcehIy
25> Click Rende Last enAkñúg Toolbar
26> KMrbmanCMral nigbgðajtam Render eLIg



1>3> Twist ¬karmYs¦
* Modifier Panel eFVIkar Select elIenaH Modifier list Parametric Modifier Twist
* Make a selection Modifier Menu Parametric Defarmers Twist
Twist Modifier begIáteGay)anCakarrmYlmYy ¬dUcCakarBUtRkNat;TTwk¦ enAkñúg Geometry rbs;vtßúmYy.
GñkGacRtYtBnitümuMénkarrmYlelIGkS½NamYy)ankñúgGkS½TaMgbI ehIyerobcMelIPaBlMeGogeTAmçagEdl sgát;elI
T§iBlénkarrmYl ehIymanTMnak;TMngeTAcMnucsñÚl. Gñkk¾GackMNt;RBMEdnPaBrmYleTABMnuHmYyén Geometry.
Note: eBlEdlGnuvtelI Twist Modifier enaHcMnuckNþalrbs; Twist gizmo KWsßitenARtg;cMnucsñÚlénvtßú

ehIyExSbnÞat;én Gizmo k¾eLIgtamGkS½rbs;vtßú.

mU:EdledIm mU:Edllμm mUEdlxøaMg
Modifier Stack
GñkGaceFVIeGay Gizmo manclnanig ERbRbYldUcvtßú
- Gizmo:

d¾éTeTotenAkñúgkMrit sub-object level, plb:HBal;énkarbMEpøg
BIpøas;bþÚr Twist. karERbesckþIelI Gizmo edaybkERbcMnuc
kNþaledayxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμIKñamYy. ral;karbgVilnigkar
kMNt;maRtdæanelI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va.
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦³ GñkGacERbesckþInig eFVIeGaycMnuckNþalmanclnaenAkñúgkMrit sub-object level Edl
bMEpøgelIrag twist gizmo ehIydUcKanigTMrg;énvtßúEdl)anBt;rYc.



Twist Parameter Rollout
Twist group
- Angle ¬muM¦³ kMNt;cMnYnénkarrmYlCuMvijGkS½bBaÄr
Default = 0.0
- Bias ¬PaBlMeGogeTAmçag¦³ buBVehtuénkarbgVilehIyrmYl
edIm,IcgCa)ac;rvagcMnuccugTaMgBIrrbs;vtßú. eBlEdl
Parameters mantMélGviC¢man enaHvtßúEdlrmYlmanlkçN³ xit

CitcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo . eBlEdlmantMélviC¢manvtßú.
EdlrmYlmanlkçN³kan;Etq¶ayBIcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo. eBlEdl Parameters mantMél 0
karrmYlmanlkçN³dUcedIm minmanpøas;bþÚrGVIeLIy. Range: 100 eTA -100 .
Default = 0.0

Twist Axis Group
- X/Y/Z: kMNt;tambeNþayGkS½NamYyEdlmankarrmYlnwgekIneLIgelIenaH. enHKWCaGkS½edImrbs; Twist

gizmo .
Default = Z
Limit Group
karGnuvtþRbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl)anEtenAelIEpñkbBaÄr Edlsn§wgenAcenøaHRBMEdnTab nigx<s;. Spinner
BIrEdlbgðajBIcgaytambeNþayGkS½ Z rbs; Gizmo( Z=0 KWenAcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo) eBlvatamtMélesμI
Kña KWvamanlkçN³dUcnwgkarminmanlT§PaBeRbIelIRbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl.
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiTi§PaBénRBMEdn¦³ GnuvtþelIRBMEdnEdlkMhiteTAkan; Twist Modifier.
- Upper Limit¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;Etx<s;sMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkarrmYl.
Default = 0
-Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;EtTab¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;EtTabsMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkarmYl.
Default = 0
edIm,ImYlvtßúmYy³
1> Select elIvtßúmYyehIy Apply Twist
2> enAelI Parameters rollout, kMNt;GkS½rbs; Twist eTA X, Y rW Z vamanTMenareTArkGkS½én Twist
gizmo minEmnGkS½rbs;vtßúEdl)an SelectenaHeT.

3> kMNt;muMénkarrmYl



4> kMNt;elI Bias énkarrmYl
* Modify Panel Make a Select Modifier list Parametric Modifier Noise
* Make a selection Modifier Menu Parametric Deformers Noise
Noise Modifier eFVIeGaybþÚrTItaMgrbs;ExSbBaÄrénvtßúmYy
tambeNþayGkS½EdlbBa©ÚlKñaTaMgbI. ]bkrN_ sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna KWeFVIeGaydUcniglkçN³RBal²
epSg² BIKñaenAkñúgragrbs;vtßúmYy.



kareRbIR)as;elIkarerobcMcMerokmYy GñkGacsMercelIPaBeFVIeGayRBal)an/ eFVIeGaymanrlkelIRkla
dUcCaTg;CatiRtUvxül;bk;. CamYynig karerobcMelIcMerokGñkk¾GacbegáIt)anCalkçN³PUmisa®sþdUcCaPñMcab;BIépÞ
rabén GeometryeTA.

épÞrabEdlminmandak;sMelg bEnßm Texture eTAépÞrabbegáItCasmuRTmanlkçN³s¶b;mYy
Modifier Stack
- Gizmo/ Center: GñkGacrMkil/ bgVil/ rWkMNt;maRtdæanrbs;
Gizmo nigcMnuckMNþal sub-object edIm,IeGaymanRbsiT§iPaB

elIsMelgGñkk¾GaceFVIeGay sub-object køayCamanclna
)anEdr.
Parameter Group
Noise Group
RtYtBnitüelIGakar³xageRkAénsMelg dUecñHT§iBlrbs;vaenAelIkarxUcRTg;RTayrUbsa®sþénvtßúenaH.
tamry³ Default karRtYtBinitümanlkçN³enARTwgrhUtTal;EtGñkpøas;bþÚrelIkarerobcM.
- Seed ¬BUC¦³ begáItcMnuccab;epþImén Random mYycabBItMélelxEdlGñk)ankMNt;. CaBiessman
GtßRbeyaCn_elIkarbegáItépÞrab (Terrain) BIeRBaHkarkMNt;nimYy²GacbegáItCarUbsNæanxus² Kña.
- Scale ¬maRtdæan¦ ³ kMNt;TMhMénT§iBlrbs;sMelg ¬minEmnkMlaMgeT¦ TMhMkan;EtFMbegIteGay)an
CasMelgkan;EtRsTan; tMélkan;EtTabeFVIeGaysMelgkan;EtmanlkçN³reqkrqUc.
Dafault = Off
RbsinebIGñkcg;ebIBakü Fractal GñkGaceFVIkareRCIserIsxageRkamenH.



- Roughness ¬PaKKRKat¦³ kMNt;RbEvgépÞbBaÄrrbs;bMENk.
Range=0 eTA 1>0. Default = 0

Iteration ¬mþgehIymþgeTot¦³ RtYtBnitüelIcMnYnénPaBsar
eLIgvij ¬rWépÞenAcenøaHGkSrmYyeTAmYyEdldUcKña¦ eRbI
tamry³muxgarénbMENk. karsaredImeLIgvijkan;Ettic naM
eGayeRbIR)as;famBlrbs;bMENkk¾ticEdr ehIybegáIteGay
)anCab;plb:HBal;manlkçN³kan;Etrelag. PaBsareLIgedIm
mþg1>0 KWmanlkçN³dUcKña nigkarbiTBakü Fractal.
Range = 1.0 eTA 10.0 Default =6.0
Strength Group
RtYtBnitüelITMhMénRbsiT§iPaBrbs;sMelg. KμanRbsiT§PaBén
sMelgekIneLIgrhUtTal;EtmankMlaMgmYycMnYnRtUv)andak;
eGayGnuvtþ.
X,Y,Z ³kMNt;kMlaMgrbs;RbsiT§iPaBénsMelgtambeNþayGkS½nimYy²kñúgcMeNaymGkS½TaMgbI. vaybBa©ÚltMél

énGkS½mYyy:agticbMputedIm,IbegáIt)ansMelgmYy. Dafault = 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
Animation group
RtYtBinitüelITMrg;énT§iBl sMelgtamry³kardak;BIelInUvsésrlkmYyedIm,IeFVItamRklaénsMelg.
ktþaTaMgenHrkSasMelgeGayenAkñúgRBMEdn/ nigbenSIm Random xøaMgbMput. eBlEdlebIelIBakü Animate Noise,
Parameters TaMgenHmanT§iBlelIsMelgTaMgmUleTaHCay:agNak¾edayGñkGaceFVIeGaysMelgmanclna nig

Strength Parameters dMeNIrkareTAedayÉkraCü. ktþaTaMgenHmintMrUveGay Animate Noise ebIkenAkñúg

xN³EdreyIgkMBugeGayvamnclnarW RtLb;eRkayvijeT ¬Playback¦.
- Aimate Noise: dak;kMritelIT§iBlénkarbBa©ÚlKñarbs; Parameter rbs; Noise nig Parameters rbs;
Strenth.

Paremeters xageRkamenHsMrab;sMrbsMrYlelIrlkEdlenAeRkam ³



rUb
1>4> Noise ¬sMelg¦
- Modify Panel Make a selection Modifier list Parametric modifier Noise
- Make a selection modifiers menu parametric deformers noise

Noise modifier eFVIeGaybþÚrTItaMgrbs;ExSbBaÄrénvtßúmYy
tambeNþayGkS½EdlbBa©ÚlKñaTaMgbI. ]bkrN_sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna KWeFVIeGaydUcnwglkçN³RBal²
epSg²BIKñaenAkñúgragrbs;vtßúmYy.
kareRbIR)as;elIkarerobcMcMerokmYy GñkGacsMercelIPaBeFVIeGayRBal)an eFVIeGaymanrlkelIRkLa
dUcCaTg;CatiRtUvxül;bk. CamYynwgkarerobcMelIcMerokGñkk¾GacbegáIt)anCalkçN³PUmisaRsþdUcCaPñMcab;BIépÞrab
én Geometry eTA.
Twist Axis Group
- X/Y/Z: kMNt;beNþayGkS½NamYyEdlkarmYlnwgekIteLIgelIenaH. enHKWCaGkS½edImrbs; Twist

gizmo .
Default = Z
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦³ karGnuvtþelIRBMEdnEdlkMhiteTAkan; Twist Modifier.
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦³ kMNt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³



- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦ ³ enAelIkMrit Sub object GñkGacEkERbcMnuckNþal nig eFVIeGayva man
clnakar bMEpøgrag Taper Gizmo naMeGayvtßúenaHmanragkan;EtRsYceTA .

Parameter rollout
karpøas;bþÚrelI Taper pþl;eGaykarerobcMenAelIG½kSBIr nig karerobcMeGaymanlkçN³suIemRTIenAkñúg
RbGb; Taper Axis elI Parameter rollout CamYynigkarpøas;bþÚrd¾éTeTot G½kSTaMgenHmanTMnreTArk Gizmo En
Taper minEmneTArkxøÜnvaeT .
Taper group
- Amount ¬cMnYn¦ ³ cMgayeTAkan;cMnuccugnImYy²Edl)ankMNt;maRtdæanehIy tMélcMnYnTaMgenH
manTMnak;TMngCamYynigtMélGtibrimaKW 10 .
- Curve ¬PaBekag¦ ³ GnuvtþkMeNageTAkan;cMehogén Taper Gizmo/ dUcenHplb:HBal;Edlman
elIRTg;RTayrbs;vaKWkan;EtRsYceLIg² . tMélviC¢manbegáIteGay)anEpñkekagxageRkAcMehogEdlman
lkçN³kan;EtRsYc tMélGviC¢manbegáIteGay)anExSekagEpñkxagkñúg . tMél 0 cMehogTaMgLayminmankar
karERbRbYleT . Default = 0
Taper Axis group
³ G½kSkNþalb¤qñwgxñgrbs; Taper : X, Y b¤ Z. Default =Z
- Primary

- Effect ³ G½kSmYyrW G½kSmYyKU cg¥úlbgðajBITisedArbs; Taper cab;BIG½kSdMbUgeTA . CMerWsCaeRcIn
EdlGacrk)an KWkarkMnt;eGayCMerIsmYyénG½kSdMbUg . RbsiT§iPaBelIG½kSmYyGacmanlkçN³dUcKñanigG½kS
BIreTotEdlenAsl; b¤karbB©ÚalKñarbs;G½kSTaMgBIrenaH . RbsinebIG½kSdMbUgKWCaG½kS X enaHRbsiT§iPaBelI
G½kSGacCa Y, Z b¤ YZ Default = XY


- Symmetry ¬suIemRTI¦ ³ begáItCa Taper manlkçN³suIemRTICMuvijG½kSdMbUg . Taper mYyKWEtgEt
manlkçN³suIemRTICMuvijG½kSNaEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB . Default = off

G½kSdMbUg G½kSTTYlT§iBl
Limit group
kar offset elI Taper KWGnuvtþcenøaHRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabnig RBMEdnEdlkan;Etx<s; . Geometry
EdlenAB½T§CMuvij/ kñúgxNÐEdlminmanT§iBleday Taper xøÜnÉgpÞal; va)aneFVIclnaedIm,IrkSavtßúeGayenA
dEdl .
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdn¦ ³ GaceFVIeGayRBMEdnkan;EtTabnigkan;Etx<s;)an sMrab;
RbsiT§iPaBeTAelI Taper .
- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦ ³ kMnt;elIRBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;Etx<s;eTAkñúg Word Unit
cab;BIcMnickNþalén Taper eTA . xageRkamKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy .
- Lower Limit ¬RBMEdnEdlkan;EtTab¦ ³ kMnt;elIRBMEdnEdlkan;EtTabenAkñúg Word Unit cab;BI
cMnuckNþalén Taper eTA xageRkayKWCa Taper EdlminmanRbsiT§iPaBelI Geometry eToteLIy .

RbsiT§iPaBelIkarrMkilcMnuckNþalCamYYynigkarerobcMelIRBMEdn
edIm,IbegáItKMrbmanCMralCamYy Taper
1–5 . begáItTIbenAkñúg View port NamYy



6–7 . Click elIb‘Utug Bend Edlmankñúg Modifier rollout
8 . kMnt;cMnYnén Taper nig kMeNag
9 . erobcMMelIG½kSrbs; Taper
10 . bnÞab;mkGñknigeXIjvtßúmYymanragdUcCaekan



11 . Click elIb‘Utug UVW Map enAkñúg Modifier rollout
12 . SelectRbePTénRbGb;enAkñúg Mapping rollout

13 . Click elIb‘Utug Fit EdlenAkñúg Alignment

14 . Sellect elI Material / Map browser enAkñúg Toolbar

15 . Click elIrn§KMrUTImYykñúgcMeNamcenøaHrn§tUcEdlCaKMrU

16 . Click elIb‘UtUg Assign Material edIm,IkMnt;sMPar³eTAelIvtßú

17 . Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map enAkñúg Map rollout

18 . Select elI Checker map EdlenAkñúg Material / Map browser
19 . Click OK
20 . erobcMelIkardak;karU:elIEpnTI ¬U = 5 ; V = 5¦
21 . LÚvrn§KMrUtUc²TImYyrbs;GñkkøayCaerogRkLacRtgÁ
22 . Click elI Show map enAkñúg View Port edIm,IeXIjRkLacRtgÁkñúg View port

23 . ekanrbs;Gñkpøas;bþÚrrYcehIy
24 . pøas;bþÚrRbePTénEpnTIrbs;GñkeTACa Spherical
25 . Click Render Last enAkñúg Toolbar



26 . KMrbmanCMral nig bgðajtam Render eLIg

1–3 . Twist ¬karrmYl¦
. Modifier Panel eFVIkar Select elIenaH Modifier List Parametric Modifier Twist
. Make a Selection Modifier Menu Parametric Deformers Twist
begáIteGay)anCakarrmYlmYy ¬dUcCakarBYtRkNat;TTwk¦ enAkñúg Geometry rbs;
Twist Modifier

vtßúmYy . GñkGacRtYtBinitümMuénkarrmYlelI G½kSNamYyk¾)ankñúgG½kSTaMgbI ehIyerobcMelIPaBlMeGogeTA
mçagEdlsgát;elIT§iBlénkarrmYl ehIymanTMnak;TMngeTAsñÚl . GñkkGackMnt;RBMEdnPaBrmYYleTAcMnuc mYyén
Geometry .

Note : eBlEdlGnuvtþelI Twist Modifier enaHcMnuckNþalrbs; Twist Gizmo KWsßitenARtgcMnuc

sñÚlénvtßú ehIyExSbnÞat;én Gizmo k¾eLIgtamG½kSrbs;vtßú .
Twist Axis group



-X/Y/Z: kMnt;tambeNþayG½kSNamYyEdlmanrmYlnig ekIteLIgenaH . enHKWCaG½kSedImrbs; Twist
Gizmo . Default = Z
Limit group
karGnuvtþRbsiT§iPaBénPaBrmYl)anEtenAelIEpñkbBaÆr Edlsn§wgenAcenøaHRBMEdnTab nig x<s; .
Spinner BIrEdlbgðajBIcMgaytambeNþayG½kS Z rbs; Gizmo ( Z = 0 KWcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo ) eBlva

mantMélesμIrKña KWvamanlkçN³dUcnigkarminmanlT§PaBeRbIelIRbsiT§iénkarrmYl .
- Limit Effect ¬RbsiT§iPaBénRBMEdl¦ ³ GnuvtþelIRBMEdnEdlkMhiteTAkan; Twist Modifier .

- Upper Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;Etx<s;¦ ³ kMnt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;Etx<s;sMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkar rmYl .
Default = 0
- Lowe Limit ¬RBMEdnkan;EtTab¦ ³ kMnt;RBMEdnEdlmanlkçN³kan;EtTab sMrab;RbsiT§iPaBénkar rmYYl .
Default = 0
edIm,IrmYlvtßúmYy
1 – Select elIvtßúmYy ehIy Apply Twist

2 - enAelI Parameters rollout, kMnt;G½kSrbs; Twist eTA X, Y b¤ Z Edl)an Select enaHeT .

3 - kMnt;mMuénkarrmYl

4 - kMnt;elI Bias énkarrmYl

m:UEdledIm karrmYllμm karrmYlxøaMg



Modifier Stack
GñkGaceFVIeGay Gizmo manclnanigERbRbYldUcvtßúdéTeTotenAkñúgkMrit Sub- BIkarpøas; bþÚr
- Gizmo :

Twist . karERbesckþIelI Gizmo edaybkERbcMnuckNþaledayxøÜnÉgeTAcMgayesμIKñamYy . ral;kar

bgVilnigkarkMnt;maRtdæanelI Gizmo RtUveKarBelIcMnuckNþalrbs;va .
- Center ¬cMnuckNþal¦ ³ GñkGacERbesckþInigeFVIeGaycMnuckNþalmanclnaenAkñúgkMrit Sub-object
level EdlbMEpøgelIrag Twist gizmo ehIydUcKñanigTMrg;énvtßúEdl)anBt;rYc .

Twist Parameter Rollout

Twist group
¬mMu¦ ³ kMnt;cMnYnénkarrmYlCMvijG½kSbBaÆr Default = 0.0
- Angle

- Bias ¬PaBlMeGogeTAmçag¦ ³ buBVehtuénkarbgVilehIyrmYYledIm,IcgCa)ac;rvagcMnuccugTaMgBIrrbs; vtßú .

eBlEdl Parameters mantMélGviC¢man enaHvtßúEdlrmYlmanlkçN³xitCitcMnuckNþalrbs; Gizmo
eBlEdlmantMélviC¢man vtßúEdlrrmYlmanlkçN³kan;Etq¶ayBIcMnuckNþal Gizmo . eBlEdl Parameters
mantMél 0 karrmYlmanlkçN³dUcedImminmanpøas;bþúrGVIeLIy . Range : 100 eTA -100. Default = 0.0



1 – 4 . Noise ¬sMelg¦
. Modify Panel Make a Selection Modifier List Parametric Modifiers Noise

. Make a Selection Modifiers menu Parametric Deformers Noise

Noise Modifier eFVIeGaybþÚrTItaMgrbs;ExSbBaÆrénvtßúmYy
tambeNþayG½kSEdlbBa©ÚlKñaTaMgbI . ]bkrN¾sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna
KWeFVIeGaydUcniglkçN³RBal²epSg²BIKñaenAkñúgragrbs;vtßúmYy .
kareRbIR)as;elIkarerobcM cMerokmYy GñkGacsMercelIPaBeFVIeGatRBal)an/ eFVIeGaymanrlkelI RkLa
dUcCaTg;CatiRtUvxül;bk; . CamYynigkarerobcMelIcMerokGñkk¾GacbegáIt)anCalkçN³PUmisaRsþdUcCa
PñμMcab;BiépÞrabén Geometry eTA .



épÞrabEdlminmandak;sMelg bEnßm Texture eTAelIépÞrabbegáItCasmuRTmanlkçN³s¶b;mYy

Modifier Stack
GñkGacrMkil/ bgVil / b¤ kMnt; maRtdæanrbs; Gizmo nigcMnuckNþal Sub-object
- Gizmo / Center :

edIm,IeGaymanRbsiTi§PaBelIsMeLg Gñkk¾GaceFVIeGay Sub-object køayCamanclna)anEdr .
Parameter group

Noise group
RtYtBinitüelIGakar³xageRkAénsMeLg dUcenHT§iBlrbs;vaenAelIkarxYcRTg;RTayrUbsaRsþénvtßú enaH .
tamry³ Default karRtYtBinitümanlkçN³enARTwg rhUtTal;EtGñkpøas;bþÚrelIkarerobcM .
- Seed ¬BUC¦ ³ begáItcMnuccab;epþImén Random mYy cab;BItMélelxEdlGñk)ankMnt; . CaBiess
manGtßRbeyaCn¾elIkarbegáItépÞrab (Terrain) BIeRBaHkarkMnt;nImYy²GacbegáItCarUbsNÐanxus²Kña .
- Scale ¬maRtdæan¦ ³ kMnt;TMhMénT§iBlrbs;sMeLg ¬minEmnkMlaMgeT¦
TMhMkan;EtFMbegáIteGay )anCasMeLgkan;EtRsTn; tMélkan;EtTabeFVIeGaysMeLgkan;EtmanlkçN³reqtrqUt .
Default = 0
- Fractal ¬bMENk¦ ³ begáIteGay)anCaRbsiT§iPaBelIbMENkmYyépñkelIkareTibEtkMnt;fμI²mk . Default
= off
RbsinebIGñkcg;ebIkBakü Fractal GñkGaceFVIkareRCIserIsxageRkamenH
- Roughness ¬PaBKRKat¦ ³ kMnt;RbEvgEpñkbBaÆrrbs;bMENk . tMélkan;EtTabKWmanlkçN³
KRKatticCagtMélkan;Etx<s; . Range = 0 eTA 1.0 . Default = 0



¬mþgehIymþgeTot ¦ ³ RtYtBinitüelIcMnYnénPaBsareLIgvij ¬b¤épÞenAcenøaHGkSmYyeTA
Interaction

mYyEdldUcKña¦ eRbItamry³muxgarénbMENk . karsaredImeLIgvijkan;EtticnaMeGayeRbIR)as;famBlrbs;
bMENkk¾ticEdr ehIybegáIteGay)anplb:HBal;manlkçN³kan;Etrelag . PaBsaredImmþg 1.0 KWman
lkçN³dUcKñanigkarbitBakü Fractal . Range = 1.0 eTA 10.0 . Default = 6.0
Strength group
RtYtBinitüelItMhMénRbsiT§PaBrbs;sMeLg . KμanRbsiT§iPaBénsMeLgekIteLIgrhUtTal;Etman
kMlaMgmYycMnYnRtUv)andak;eGayGnuvtþ . X, Y, Z : kMnt;kMlaMgrbs;RbsiT§iPaBénsMeLgtambeNþayG½kS
nImYy²kñúgcMeNamG½kSTaMgbI . vaybBa©ÚltMélénG½kSmYyya:gticbMputedIm,IbegáIt)ansMeLgmYy . Default =
0.0 , 0.0 , 0.0

Animation group
RtYtBinitüelITMrg;énT§iBlsMeLgtamry³kardak;BIelInUvsésrlkmYyedIm,IeFVItamRkLaénsMeLg .
ktþaTaMgenHrkSasMeLgeGayenAkñúgRBMEdn/ nig benSIm Random xøaMgbMput . eBlEdlebIkelIBakü Animate
Noise, Parameters TaMgenHmanT§IBlelIsMeLgTaMgmUleTaHCaya:gNak¾edayGñkGaceFVIeGay sMeLgmanclna

nig Strength Parameters dMeNIrkareTAedayÉkraCü . ktþaTaMgenHmintMrUveGay Animate Noise ebIk
enAkñúgxN³EdleyIgkMBugeGaymanclna b¤Rtlb;eRkayvijeT (play back ) .



- Animate Noise : dak;kMritelIT§iBlénkarbBa©ÚlKñarbs; Parameters rbs; Noise nig Parameters rbs;
Strength .
xageRkamenHsMrab;sMrbsMrYlelIrlkEdlenAeRkam ³
Parameters

- Frequency ¬eRbkg;¦ ³ dak;kMritelIel,OnénT§iBlsMelgeRbkg;kan;Etx<s; eFVIeGaysMeLgman
PaBj½rkan;Etjab;eLIg . eRbkg;cuHTabbegáItCasMeLgRsTn;nigkan;EtRsal .
- Phase ¬eFVIeGayElgmanbnþicmþg²¦ ³ bþÚrkEnøgrbs;cMnuccab;epþImnig bBa©b;énrlkEdlenAeRkam .
tamry³ Default, Key sMrab;eFVIeGaymanclna RtUvkMnt;elIcMnuccugénskmμPaBrbs; Frame Range.
GñkGaceXIjRbsiT§iPaBén Phase kan;Etc,as;edayEkTItaMgTaMgenaHelI Track View . Select elIBakü Animate
Noise edIm,IGaceGaymanclnaRtlb;eRkayvij)an (Play back) .

edIm,IbegáItGusedaysMeLg
1 – Select elIvtßúmYyehIydak;GnuvtþelI Noise Modifier

2 – Click elIb‘Utug Noise enAkñúg Modify Rollout

3 - enAkñúg Parameters rollout Strength group, tMelIgtMélelxrbs; Strength tamry³G½kS mYy

b¤eRcInkñúgcMeNamG½kSTaMgbI
4 - enAkñúg Noise group, sMrbsMrYlelI Scale. tMélkan;EtTabTMelIgnUvclnaDINamicénkarerob cMelI

Strength eFVIeGayemIleXIjRbsiT§iPaBkan;Etc,as;/ emIlelI Noise group xageRkam/ b¤ Option d¾éT eTot .



1 – 5 . Extrude ¬karBnøÚt¦
. Select elITMrg;mYy Modifier Panel Modifier List Mesh Editing Extrude

. Select elITMrg;mYy Modifier Menu Mesh Editing Extrude

Extrude Modifier sMrab;bEnßbCMerAeTAelITMrg;vtßúnigeFVIeGayvakøayCavtßúmanlkçN³ Parametric .

eFVICa Spline sinmuneBleFVIkarBnøÚt/ eqVgBnøÚt Spline edayman b¤ Kμan Select elI Cap End .
- Amount ¬cMnYn¦ ³ kMnt;CMerAkñúgkarBnøÚt
- Segment ¬kMNat;¦ ³ kMnt;cMnYnénkMNat;EdlnigbegáItkñúgeBleFVIkarBnøÚtvtßú .



Capping group
begáItépÞmuxrabmYyenAelIcMnuccab;epþIménvtßúEdlBnøÚtehIy .
- Cap Start :

- Cap End : begáItépÞmuxrabmYyEdlenAelIcMnucbBa©b;énvtßúEdlBnøÚtehIy .
- Morph : erobcMépÞmuxrbs;KMrb kñúglkçN³EdlGacdwgmun)an / GaceGay Pattern Rtlb;mþg eTot)an
EdlTaMgenHmansar³sMxan;kñúgkarbegáIt Morph targets.
- Grid : erobcMépÞmuxrbs;KMrbenAkñúg Grid ragkaerEdl)antMrwmedayRBMCMuvij .
Output group
¬bMNH¦ ³ begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkGacERbeTACavtßúbMNHmYy)an .
- Patch

- Mesh ¬PaBbnSIKña¦ ³ begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkGacERbeTACavtßúmYyEdlmanlkçN³bnSIKña .
- NURBS ³ begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkGacERbeTACaépÞmuxmanlkçN³ NURBS .
- Generate Mapping Coords : begáItvtßúEdl)anBnøÚtCamYykarsMrbsMrYlkñúgkarGnuvtþehIy .
eBlEdlebIkBakü Generate Mapping Coords/ karbEnßmelIkarsMrbsMrYl Mapping KWGnuvtþenAcugKMrb sßitenACYr
1x1 elIKMrbnImYy² .

- Generate Material IDS : sMrab;cat;EcgelIsMPar³ IDS
xus²KñaeTAkan;cMehognigKMrbrbs;vtßúEdl )anBnøÚtehIy . CaBiesscMehogEdlTTYl ID3, nigKMrbTTYl IDS 1
nig 2 .



RbGb;sMrab;RtYtBinitüenH eBlEdlebIkmanlkçN³Ca Default, enAeBlGñkbegáItkarBnøÚtelIvtßúmYy .
b:uEnþRbsineBIGñkpÞúkvtßúBnøÚtTaMgenaHBI MAX File enaHRbGb;RtYtBinitüRtUvbit/ EfTaMsPar³ ID dEdl nig
cat;EcgsMrab;vtßúEdlmankñúg R1.X .
- Use Shape IDS : eRbIR)as;tMélsMPar³ ID Edl)ancat;EcgeTACakMNat;enAkñúg Spline
EdlGñk )anRkLwg/ b¤ Bt; Sub-object enAkñúg NURBS manlkçN³ekag EdlGñk)anRkLwg .
- Smooth ¬PaBrelag¦ ³ GnuvtþPaBrelageTAelITMrg;Edl)anBnøÚtehIy .
1 – 6 . Lathe ¬karRkLwg ¦

. Select elITMrg;mYy Madify Panel Modifier List Patch/Spline Editing Lathe

. Select elITMrg;mYy Modifiers menu Patch / Spline Editing Lathe

karRkLwgbegáIteGayvtßúmanrag 3D tamry³karbgVilTMrg;mYy b¤ kMeNag NURBS CMuvijG½kS .
Modifier Stack

- Axis : enAkMrit Sub-object level enHGñkGacERbkøay nig eFVIeGaykarvilCMuénG½kSmanclna .
Parameter Rollout
kMnt;cMnYnrbs;dWeRkEdleFVIeGayvtßúvilCMvijG½kSénkarCMu ¬0 eTA 360, Default = 360¦ .
- Degrees :

GñkGacerobcMelI Keyframes sMrab; Degree edIm,IeGaymanclnaCargVg;eLIgeTAelIénvtßúEdl)an
RkLwgehIy . G½kS Lathe KWkMnt;TMhMedayxøÜnÉgnUvkMBs;rbs;TMrg;EdlRtUvRkLwg .



- Weld core ¬pSarP¢ab;bNþÚl¦ ³ PaBsamBaØénkarbnSIKñatamry³karpSarP¢ab;EpñkbBaÆrTaMgGs;
EdlenAelIkarvilCMurbs;G½kS . rkSaTukeGayvaenAbiT RbsinebIGñkmanbMNgedIm,IbegáIt
- Flip Normal : GaRs½yedayTisedAénExSbBaÆrelITMrg;rbs;Gñk nig TisedAénkarbgVil/
vtßúEdl )anRkLwgehIyGacykEpñkxagkñúgecjeRkA)an .
- Sgments : kMnt;cMnYnénkMNat;Edl)anEkéx ehIyEdl)anbegáItenAkñúgépÞmux enAcenøaHcab;epþim nig
cMnucbBa©b; . Parameters enHk¾GaceFVIeGaymanclnapgEdr . Default = 16
Capping group
RtYtBinitüelIKMrbeTaHCaman b¤ Gt;Edl)anbegáItsMrab;EpñkxagkñúgénvtßúEdl)anRkLwgRbsinebI Degree
RtUvkMnt;eGayticCag 360 .
- Cap Start : Caps elIkarcab;epþIménvtßúEdl)anRkLwg CamYynig Degree EdlkMnt;eGayticCag 360
nigmanTMrgbiTCit .
- Cap End : Caps elIcMnucbBa©b;énvtßúEdl)anRkLwg CamYynig Degree EdlkMnt;eGayticCag 360
nigmanTMrg;biTCit .
- Morph : erobcMelIépÞKMrbkñúgPBEdlGacdWgTukmun)an eyIgGacRtlb; Pattern sareLIgvij)an
Edlmansar³sMxan;kñúgkarbegáIt Morph target – Morph Capping GacbegáItépÞmuxEvg/ esþIg edaymin)an
Render b¤EkERbrageLIg dUcKñanig Grid Capping Edr . eRbIR)as; Morph Capping dMbUg RbsinebIGñk

kMBugEtRkLwgelI Morph Targets CaeRcIn .



- Grid : erobcMmuxrbs;KMrbenAkñúg Grid ragkaer Edl)antMrwmehIyenAkñúgRBMrbs;RTg;RTay . viFI
saRsþenHbegáIt)anépÞmuxmYyEdlmantMélCaelxKt;KUr ehIyGacEkERbRTg;RTaytamry³ Modifier déT eTot .
Direction group
kMnt;TisedAénkarvilCMurbs;G½kS vamanTMnak;TMngeTAnigcMnuckNþalénvtßú .
- X / Y / Z : kMnt;TisedAénkarvilCMuvijrbs;G½kS EdlmanTMnak;TMngeTAnigcMnuckNþalénvtßú .
Align group
- Min / Max / Center : dak;karvilCMuénG½kSeGayenARtg;CYreTAkan;tMélGtibrima/ kNþal/ b¤cMgay
Gtibrimarbs;TMrg; .
Output group
¬bMNH¦ ³ begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkGacERbeTACavtßúbMNHmYy
- Patch

- Mesh ¬PaBbnSIKña¦ ³ begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkERbeTACavtßúmanlkçN³bnSIKña .
- NURBS : begáItvtßúmYyEdlGñkERbépÞmuxeTACamanlkçN³ NURBS
- Generate Mapping Coordinates : Gnuvtþ Mapping Coordinates eTAkan;vtßúEdl)anRkLwgehIy .

eBlEdldWeRkmantMélticCag 360 ehIy Generate Mapping Coordinates RtUv)anebIk / enaHkarbEnßm
karsMrbsMrYl Mapping KWGnuvtþeTAEpñkcgénKMrb sßitenACYr 1x1 elIKMrbnImYy² .
- Generate Material IDS : cat;EcgsMPar³ IDS xus²eTAkan;cMehognigKMrbrbs;Edl)anRkLwg ehIy .
CaBiesscMehogEdlTTYl ID3 nigKMrb ¬eBlEdldWeRkticCag 360 ehIyvtßúEdlRkLwgehItyRtUv )anbiT¦
TTYl)an IDS 1 nig 2 .
RbGb; Check box enHmanlkçN³dUcCa Default eBlEdleLIg ehIyeBlGñkRkLwgelIvtßúmYy/
b:uEnþRbsinebIGñkpÞúkvtßúEdl)anRkLwgehIyBI R1.X én Max file, RbGb; Check box enHRtUvbiTvij . EfTaM sMPar³
ID dEdl Edlcat;EcgvtßúEdlvamanenAkñúg R1.X .

- Use Shape IDS : eRbIR)as;sMPar³Edl)ankMnt;tMél eTAkan;kMNat;enAkñúg Spline EdlGñkRkLwg ehIy
b¤Bt; Sub-object eTAkñúgkMeNag NURBS EdlGñk)anRkLwg . eRbIR)as; Shape IDS Edl)andMenIr
kareTA)aneBlEdl Generate Material IDs ebIk .
- Smooth : Gnuxtþkardak;PaBrelageTAvtßúEdl)anRkLwgehIy .
edIm,IbegáIts‘uménKMnUredaykarRkLwg
1 - eRbIR)as;b‘Utug Create / Shape nigrUbPaBctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Front View Port



mYyedIm,IeGayb‘Utug Modify enAkñúglMdab;lMedayCamYynig Modify a rectangle
2 - Click

3 - Select elI Edit Spline enAkñúg Modify rollout

4 – Select Bakü Vertex enAkñúg Sub-object

5 - Select elIEpñkxagsþaMnigeRkamBakü Vertex énragctuekaNEkgmYyenAkñúg Front View Port

6 - elIb‘Utug Delete elI Keyboard ehIylub Vertex Edl)an Select elImanragdUcCaRtIekaNmYy

edaysarkargarenH dUcrUb 6
7 - RbsinebI Click elI Mouse sþaMén Vertex Edl Select bnÞab; ehIyEdl Select elIEpñkxagsþaM nig elI

RBmTaMgEpñkeqVgxageRkamelIvtßúmYyEdlkñúgeBlEtmYy/ Vertex mYyRtYtBinitüelI Dialog Window
EdlbgðajCamYynig rUbTI 8 .

8- vtßúmYyERbkøayCaRtIekaNeBjlkçN³mYy RbsinebIGñkEkERb Vertex eTACa Corner
9 - KUrrUbxageRkamCargVg;dUcKña EdlRtUvbiTBakü Sub-object elIEpñkkNþalrbs;RtIekaN



Bakü Modify eGayenAlMdab;lMdayedIm,Idak;eGayrgVg;køayCaRtIekaN
10 - Select

11 - Select elIRtIekaNbnÞab; EdleyIg Select elI Edit Spline, ehIy Click elI Attach nigdak;

eGayrgVg;køayCaRtIekaN
12 - Select Spline én Sub-object

13 - Select RtIekaNmYyenAkñúg Front View Port

14 - Select elI Union of Boolean eGayenAkñúglMdab;lMeday edIm,Idak;RtIekaN nig rgVg;eGay bBa©ÚlKña .

15 - vtßúTaMgLayEdlbBa©ÚlKñadUcrUb 15 RbsinebIeK Select rgVg;bnÞab;BIeFVIkar Union Selection.

16 - Click mYyedm,IeFVI Modify eGayeTAtamlMdab;lMeday nigGnuvtþ Lathe eTAelIvtßú
17 - Click nig Applies elIb‘Utug Lathe

18 - clnaEdleFVIeday Sub-object edIm,IrMkilG½kS

19 - kMritG½kS X EdleRbIERbeTACaBN’elOgenAkñúg Front View Port

20 - bþÚr Segment eTACa 4 énkñúg Parameter én Lathe épÞrabbYnpþac;ecjmkenACMuvijG½kS



elI Render Last enAkñúgCYr edIm,Ikar Rendering
21 - Click

22 - vtßúEdl)anRkLwgERbkøayRbEhlnig Segment EdlmanragRtIekaN nig rgVg; dak;bBa©ÚlKña

EdleyIg)aneRCIserIsTukmunehIy nigenACMuvijG½kSBN’elOgEdlbgðajeLIg .

2 – EDIT SPINES
2 – 1 . Modifier Stack
Make a Selection Modify Panel
¬ Stack sMrab;xøI ¦ pÞúknUvkarsnSMénerOgra:vrbs;vtßúmYy rYmCamYynig Parameters
Modifier Stack

sMrab;begáItva RBmTaMgkarpøas;bþÚrEdl)anGnuvtþeTAelIva . enAEpñkxageRkamén Stack KWCavtßúedImdMbUg .
enAEpñkxagelIvtßúKWGVIEdl)anpøas;bþÚr enAtamCYrBIeRkameTAelI . enHKWCaCYrEdlkarpøas;bþÚrNamYyRtUv)an
GnuvtþeTAelI Geometry rbs;vtßú .



Modifier List

taragénkarpøas;bþÚrKICataragEdlFøak;cuHmkehIy GnuBaØatieGayGkeRCIserIskarpøas;bÚþrmYyedIm,I
bEnßmenAkñúg Stack . eBlEdlGñkeRCIserIskarpøas;bþÚrelIkMNt;vtßúmYyecjBItaragenH vabgðajeGay
eXIjnUvelIvtßúenH b¤enAelIkarpøas;bþÚrEdleTIbEt Select ehIyfμI²kñúg Stack . eBlGñkeRCIserIskarpøas;bþÚr
World – Space BItaragenHvabgðajeGayeXIjnUveRkam Stack .

enAkñúg Stack, eq<aHeTAeqVgédénkapøas;bþÚrnImYy² KWCa Icon rUbGMBUlePøIgmYy .
eBlEdlGMBUlecjBN’s enaHkarpøas;bþÚrKWGnuvtþeTAelI Stack EdlenAeRkamva . eBlGMBUlePøIgecjBN’
RbepHenaHkarpøas;bþÚrRtUv)anbiT . Click elIenaHedIm,IxÞas;elI ebIk ¼ biT rbs;bMlas;bþÚr .
RbsinebIkarpøas;bþÚrmanlkarRtYtBinitürg (Sub-controls) dUcCacMnuckNþal b¤ Gizmo, Stack k¾ bgðajnUv
Icon tUcmYyEdlmansBaØbUknigdk Click elI Icon enHedIm,IebIk n¤ biT tamlMdab; .



ebIkelIlMdab;lMedayénkarpøas;bþÚredIm,IcUleTAkan;karRtYtBinitürg (sub-control) .
eBlEdlPabtamlMdablMedayebIkeLIg GñkGac Select elI Sub-control mYy dUcCa Gizmo ehIysMrb
sMrYlelIva . Sub-Control GacERbRbYlBIkarpøas;bþÚrmYyeTAkarpøas;bþÚrmYyeTot .
Tool Buttons
xageRkamkarbgðajén Stack manb‘UtugmYyCYrsMrab;RKbRKgelI Stack
Pin Stack : cak;esarelI Stack cMeBaHvtßúEdleTI Select fμI²dUcenHvarkSaenACamYyvtßúEdlmin

b:HBal;dl;karpøas;bþÚrtmkeTotenAkñúgkar Select . Modify Panel TaMgmUlRtUv)ancak;esardUcCavtßúTaMgGs; Edr .
Pin Stack mansar³sMxan;sMrab;bMlas;bþÚrvtßúd¾éTeTot kñúgxN³EdrrkSaTIkEnøgenAkñúg Stack rbs;

Modifier object .

Show End Result : bgðajBIvtßúEdl)an Select ehIy edayvanigbgðajeLIgbnÞab;BIrbMlas;

bþÚrTaMgGs;enAkñúg Stack RtUv)andak;tamTIkEnøg/ edayminb:HBal;dl;TItaMgrbs;GñkenAkñúg Stack .
eBlEdlkarxÞas; RtUvbiT/ vtßúbgðajeLIgedaykarpøas;bþÚrehIyeq<aHeTAkarpøas;bþÚrfμí²enAkñúg Stack .
Make Unique : bMEpøgkarpøas;bþÚrPøam²mYyeTA Copy mYyEdlmanlkçN³manEtmYycMnuc vtßúenaH .

Remove Modifier : lubecalnUvkarpøas;bþÚrfμI² b¤PaBmincgelIépÞe)a:g (space ward) .

Configure Modifier Sets : Click edIm,Ibgðaj Modifier Sets menu EdlmaneLIg .

2 – 2 . Configure Modifier set Dialog
Modify Panel Configure Modifier set button Configure Modifier Sets
Dialog enHbBaØatieGayGñkbegáItnUvc,ab;TMlab;énkarpøas;bþÚr nig b‘UtugerobcMsMrab; Modifier Panel



Modifiers : cuHbBa¢InUvkarpøas;bþÚrTaMgGs;EdlGac nigeTIbEteRbIfμI² . vaRtUv)anerobcMcUlkñúgRbePT
TaMgenH ³ MAX STANDARD, Deformations, MAX SURFACE, Surface Tools, MAX EDIT, MAX
EDDITIONAL, SPLINE EDITS, Modifiers, Vertex Sharder nig SPACE WARPS . edIm,IbEnßmkar

pøas;bþÚrmYyeTAb‘UtugEdleTIbnigerobcMehIy / RtUvGUlelIeQμaHrbs;karpøas;bþúÚrenaH BItaragenHeTAkan;b‘Utug
enAkñúgRbGb; Modifier group .
- Sets : enAelI Edit field nigtaragEdlFøak;cuHmk GnuBaØatieGayGñkeRCIserIskarerobcMelIkarpøas;
bþÚredIm,IBinitüepÞógpÞat; . kñúgkarbegáItb‘UtugfμI eyIgRtUv Enter eQμaHkñúg Edit field ehIy Click elIBakü Save .
- Save : Saves b‘UtugfμíEdl)anerobcMeLIg
- Delete : lubelIb‘UtugfμIEdl)anerobcM
- Important : GñkminGac Undo elIkarlubelI b‘UtugEdl)anerobcMehIyeT

- Total Buttons : kMnt;cMnYn Button enAkñúg Button set, Button set mYyGacTTYl)an 32 b‘Utug .
Modifiers group box
PreviewBIrebobEdlb‘UtugnigekIteLIgelI Modify panel . BIeRBaHRbGb;Gacbgðaj)anEt 16
b‘Utugb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyeBl/ Scroll bar enAEpñkxagsþaMGaceGayGñkeXIjBIb‘UTugd¾éTeTotEdlenAsl; .



edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrb‘Utug RtUvGUselIeQμaHénkarpøas;bþÚrmYyecjBItarag Modifiers eTAkan;b‘UtugenAkñúg
RbGb;énRkumenH b¤ Click b‘UtugenaH ¬s‘um Highlights CMuvijrbs;va ¦ ehIy Double – click elIeQμaHrbs;
karpøas;bþÚr .
2 – 3 . Edit Spline
b¤ Select Spline mYy Modify Panel Patch / Spline Editing Edit Spline
. Create

. Create b¤ Select Spline mYy Modify Menu Patch / Spline Editing Edit Spline

Spline EdlGacEkERb)anpþl;eGaynUvkarRtYtBinitüsMrab;kareRbIR)as;y:agbuinRbsBVelIvtßúmYyk¾dUc Ca

Spline mYy ehIyenAelIkmritTaMgbIén Sub-object level KW Vertex, segment, nig Spline

Selection Rollout
pþl;eGaynUvkarRtYtBinitüsMrab;rbt;xus²Kñaénm:Utrbs; Sub-object Edl On nig Off vaeFVIkar CamYy nig
Name Selection nig Handles karerobcMelI Display nigBt’manGMBIkar Select TaMgmUl .

enAeBlEdlGñkQancUldMbUgkñúg Modify Panel CamYynigkar Select elI Spline EdlGacEk)an/
eBlGñkkMBugenAelI Object level, CamYynigkarcUleTAkan;muxgarnanaEdlGaccUl)andUcCakarKUrkñúg Editable
Spline ¬vtßú¦ . GñkGacxÞas; elIm:Ut Sub-object nigcUlkñúgmuxgarénkarTak;Tgeday Click elI b‘Utug Sub-object

enAEpñkelIrbs; Selection Rollout .
GñkGaceFVIkarCamYyEpñkCaeRcInénrUbrag Spline nanaEdleRbIR)as;RTg;RTay Sub-object selection
énvtßúCa Editable Spline . Click elIb‘UtugmYyEdlenAkEnøgdUcKñaelIkar Select kñúgRbePT Sub-object EdlenAkñg
Modifier List . Click elIb‘UtugmþgeTotedIm,IbiTvaehIyRtUvRtlb;eTAkMrit Object – Selection vij .



EpñkbBaÆrkMnt;niymn½yedaycMnuc nigbnÞat;b:Hekag
kMNat;EdlP¢ab;EpñkbBaÆr
Spline KWCakarrYbbB©aÚlKñaBImYy b¤ eRcInEdlP¢ab;CamYykMNat;
Name Selection Group
dak;TItaMgeQμaHEdl)an Select eTAkan;RTnab;énkarcMlg (Copy)
- Copy :

- Past : Past eQμaHEdl)an Select eTAkan;RTnab;énkarcMlg ( copy )
- Lock Handles : CaFmμtaGñkGacEkERbelIRtecokénbnÞat;b:HekagenAeBlEtmYy eTaHCaeBl

EdlmanExSbBaÆrCaeRcInRtUv)an Select k¾edayeRbIR)as;karRtYtBinitü Lock Handles edIm,IEkERb Bizier Ca eRcIn
nig Bizier Corner Handles EdlekIteLIgkñúgeBldMNalKña .
- Alike : edayGñkGUselIRtecokén Vector Edlmkdl;/ Vector enaHTaMgGs;mankar Select elI
EpñkbBaÆrEdlrMkilenAeBldMNalKña . dUcKñaenHeEdrkarrMkilbnÞat;b:HeTAelIcugmYy eFVIeGayrMkilbnÞat;b:H
EdlTTYlsMrab;EpñkbBaÆrEdl)an Select TaMgGs;
- All : RtecokNamYyEdlGñkrMkil naMeGaymanplb:HBal;dl;RtecokTaMgGs;EdlenAkñúg Selection
ebIeTaHCaBYkvaenAEbkKñak¾eday . kareGayeRCIserIsenHk¾manGtßRbeyaCn¾ eBlEdleFVIkar
CamYynigkMBUlmYyrbs; Bizier Corner enAeBlGñkcg;rMkilRtecokTaMgBIr .
cuc SHIFT ehIy Click elIRtecokNamYyedIm,I } kat;pþac; } BIbnÞat;ekag nig rMkilRtecoknImYy²
edayÉkraCü . cMeBaH Alike Option RtUvEt)aneRCIserIsedIm,Ikat;pþac;bnÞat;ekag .
- Area Selection : GnuBaØatieGayGñk Select
edaysV½yRbvtþielIEpñkbBaÆrTaMgGs;eTAtamkaMEdl )ankMnt;mYyrbs;kMBUlEdlGñk Click . enAelIkMrit Vertex
sub-objective level ebIkBakü Area Selection ehIykMnt;kaMCamYynig Spinner

eTAkan;EpñkxagsþaMénRbGb;RtYtBinitü Area Selection eBlEdleRbIelI Surface Tools Modeling
vamanGtßRbeyaCn¾edIm,IbegáItRTugén Spline mYy .
- Segment End : Select elIkMBUleday Click elIkMNat;mYy. enAkñúg Vertex Sub-object ebIkelI
NaküenH ehIy Select kMNat;mYyEdlenACitnigkMBUlEdlGñkcg; Select . eRbIR)as;vaeBlEdlmancMnYn
énkarKab;CYnKñarbs;EpñkbBaÆrehIyEdlGñkcg; select kMBUlmYyEdl)ankMnt; . Cursor ERbkøayeTACarag
kak)aTeBlEdlvarenABIelIkMNat;TImYy . tamry³kardak;cuHelI CTRL Key GñkGacbEnßmelIkar Select )an .



- Select by : Selects EpñkbBaÆrenAelI Spline b¤ kMNat;Edl)an Select ehIy . kar Select elIkdMbUgelI
Spline b¤ kMnt; Sub-object én Spline b¤ CakMNat; / ehIyebIkBakü Vertex enAkñúg Sub-object nig Click elI

Select By ehIyeRCIserIsBakü Spline b¤ Segment . EpñkbBaÆrTaMgGs;enAelI Spline b¤ kMNat;Edl)an Select

KWRtUv)an Select TaMgGs;Edr . GñkGacEkERbelIEpñkbBaÆr)an .
Display Group
eBlebIkelIva kmμviFInigbgðajBIcMnYnkMBUl enAEpñkbBaÆrrbs; Spline
- Show Vertex Numbers :

Edl)an Select ehiynigRKb;kMritén Sub-object level .
- Select Only : enAeBlebIk/ cMnYnkMBUlb¤cMnYntYelxbgðajeLIgEtenACitnigEpñkbBaÆrEdl)an Select .
Select Info
enAelIb‘Utugén Selection rollout KWkarbgðajGtßbTsMrab;pþl;Bt’manGMBIkar Select fμI² . Rbsin
ebImansUnü b¤ elIsBImYyén Sub-object RtUv)an Select enaHGtßbTnwgpþl;eGayCacMnYnEdleyIg)an Select .
enAelI Vertex nig Segment sub-object level / RbsinebIman Sub-object RtUv)an Select enaH
GtßbTnigpþl;eGaynUvGtþsBaØaNrbs;cMnYnén Spline fμI² ¬CamYynigkareKarBeTAtam Object fμI² ¦ ehIy én
Sub-object Edl)an Select ehIyfμI . vtßúEdlCa Spline / nImYy²pÞúknUvelxrbs; Spline mYy . ebIva

pÞúkelIsBImYy Spline EdlenAbnþbnÞab;BIeRkaynigmanelxt²Kñakan;Etx<s;eTA . eBlEdlman Spline Et
mYyRtUv)an Select enAelIkMrit Spline sub-object level / bnÞat;TImYyEdlbgðajnUvGtþsBaØaNénelxrbs; Splinne
Edl)an Select dUcenHehIyvabiT b¤ ebIk / cMeBaHbnÞat;TIBIrbgðajnUvelxrbs;EpñkbBaÆrEdlvapÞúk . eBlman
Spline elIsBImYyRtUv)an Select / enaHcMnYn Spline Edl)an Select TaMgGs;KWbgðajelIbnÞat;TI mYy

ehIyelxsrubénEpñkbBaÆrEdlpÞúkkñúgenaHKWbgðajenAelIbnÞat;TIBIr .
Geometry Rollout
pþl;eGaynUvmuxgarsMrab;EkERb Spline énvtßúmYy nig Sub-object / muxgarEdl
Geometry Rollout

GacdMenIrkar)anenAelIkMrit Spline object level ¬eBlEdlKμankMrit Sub-object Level kMBugdMenIrkar / emIl elI
Editable Spline (object)¦ KWGacdMeNIrkar)anelIkMrit Sub-object level TaMgGs;)anEdr ehIyeFVIkar

y:ageTogTat;dUcKñaenAelIkMritnImYy² . muxgard¾éTeTotk¾GacdMenIrkary:ageRCA)andUcKñaelIkMrit Sub-object
level NamYyEdlkMBugebIk . GVITaMgGs;EdlGnuvtþeTA Sub-object level d¾éTeTotKWecJBN’RbepH .
Editable Spline
elI Spline EdlGac Edit )an
. Select Modify Panel Edit Spline ¬minEmn Sub-object level
Edl)an Select enAkñúg Modifier Stack eT ¦


- Create Line : bEnßm Spline EfmeToteTAkan; Spline Edl)an Select ehIy . bnþat;TaMgenH
sMrab;kat;pþac; Spline sub-object / eyIgbegáItvatamviFIdUc²Kña dUcbnÞat;én Spline Edr . edIm,IecjBIbnÞat;RtUv
Click elI Mouse sþaM b¤ Click edIm,IbiTelIBakü Create Line .

- Poly Connect : biTelIBaküenH ebIGñkmincg;)anbnÞat;fμIEdlP¢ab;eTAnigcMnuccug b£ bnÞat;edImEdl
manRsab;enaHeT . eBlEdlebIkelI Poly connect nig eBlEdlkMBugbegáItbnÞat; RbsinebIkar Click elI Mouse
dMbYgsßitelIcMnuccugénrUbragEdlmanRsab; enaHbnÞat;EdleTIbbegáItfμImanlkçN³cgP¢ab;Kñaeday
sV½yRbvtþiEdlsßitenAcMnuccug .
vaGacCakarrMxanmYyEdr CaBiesseBlEdlkMBugbegáIt Spline Ca Network sMrab;eRbIR)as;kñúg Surface
Tool .

- Attach : GnuBaØatieGayGñktP¢ab; Spline d¾éTeTotenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbeTAkan; Spline Edl)an Select ehIy .
Click elIvtßúEdlGñkcg;P¢ab;eTA Spline eTAvtßúEdleTIbnig Select ehIyfμI² . cMeBaHvtßúEdlGñkkMBug Et

tP¢ab;enaHdac;xatk¾RtUvCa Spline

Splines EdlminP¢ab; ¬eqVg¦
Splines Edl)antP¢ab;ehIy ¬sþaM¦



eBlEdlGñktP¢ab;vtßúmYy sMPar³énvtßúTaMgBIrenHbBa©ÚlKñatamlkçN³xageRkamenH
RbsinebIvtßúnwgRtUvtP¢ab;minmansMPar³Ed;lEdl)ankMnt;TukmkeT vanigTTYlnUvsMPar³rbs;vtßúmYy
eTotEdlP¢ab;eTA .
dUcKñaEdr RbsinebIvtßúEdlGñkkMBugtP¢ab;minmansMPar³eT vanwgTTYlenAsMParHrbs;vtßúEdlP¢ab;mkva .
RbsinebIvtßúTaMgBImansMParP¢ab;Rsab; / CalT§plsMParHfμIEdlmanlkçN³Ca Multi / sub – object ehIy
enAB½T§CMuvijsMParHBIreTotEdl)andak;cUleTAenaH . Dialog mYy)anbgðajeLIg edaypþl;nUvviFIsaRsþbI
sMrab;karbB©aÚlKñaénsMParHrbs;vtßú nig sMParH IDs . sMrab;Bt’manbEnßm sUmemIlelI Attach Option Dialog .
kartP¢ab;rUbrageFVIeGay)at;bg;nUvGtþsBaØaN nig RUbragpÞal;xøÜnrbs;va / tamry³lT§plxag eRkamenH ³
karP¢ab;rUbrageFVIeGay)at;bg;nUvpøÚvcUlTaMgGs;eTAkan; Parameters EdlbegáItva . ]TahrN¾ / eBl
GñkP¢ab;ragCargVg;mYyeTAkan;raglkaermYy GñkminGacRtlb;eTApøas;bþÚrelI Parameters énkaMrbs;rgVg;)an
eLIy . Modifier Stack énrUbragEdl)antP¢ab;ehIyRtUv)anRkLab;xUc . karEkERbNak¾eday /
karpøas;bþÚrnigkardak;eGaymanclnaeTAkan;ragEdltP¢ab;RtUvKaMgenAelIeRKagfμI² .
- Reorient : eBlEdlebIkbgVil Spline EdltP©ab;ehIydUcenHTItaMgsMrab;begáItvamanRbB½n§sMrb sMrYl
KW tMrwmCamYynwgTItaMgsMrab;begáItmanRbB½n§sMrbsMrYlrbs; Spline Edl)an Select ehIy .
- Attach Multi : Click elIb‘UtugenHedIm,Ibgðaj Attach Multiple Dialog EdlpÞúknUvtaragénrUbrag
d¾éTeTotTaMgGs;enAelIpÞaMgeGRkg; . Select elIrUbragEdlGñkcg;tP¢ab;eTAnig Spline fμI²EdlmanlkçN³
GacEkERb)an bnÞab;mk Click elI OK .
- Insert : Insert EpñkbBaÆrmYyrWelIsBIenH ehIybegáItkMNat;bEnßm . Click elIkEnøgNak¾)anenA
kñúgkMNat;mYy edIm,I Insert kMBUlmYynigtP¢ab;eTA Mouse . lkçN³EdlGaceRCIserIs)anKW rMkil Mouse ehIy
Click edIm,Idak;TItaMgrbs;kMBUlfμI . eyIgbnþkarrMkilelI Mouse ehIy Click edIm,IbEnßmEpñkbBaÆr . kar Click

EtmYy Insert )anCakMBUlEkgmYy kñúg xN³EdlkarGUs Mouse begáIt)anCakMBUl Bizier mYy ¬relag¦ . Click
elI Mouse sþaMedIm,IbMeBjkic©RbtibtþikarenH ehIyRBElg Mouse mkvij . enAcMnucenH GñksßitenAkñúg Insert
Mode enAeLIy ehIyGñkcab;epþImkar Insert EpñkbBaÆrenAkñúgkMNat; xusKña . ebImin dUecñHeTGñkGac Click elI

Mouse sþaMmþgeTot b¤ Click elI Insert edIm,IecjBI Insert Mode .
Editing Spline (Vertex)



elI Spline mYyEdlGac Edit )an Modify Panel BRgIk Spline enaHenAkñúg Stack Display
Select

Vertex sub-object level kñúgxN³EdlenAkñúgkMrit Spline (Vertex ) Level GñkGac Select elIEpñkbBaÆrmYy rW

eRcInnigrMkilBYkvaedayeRbIR)as;viFIsaRsþtamKMrU . RbsinebIkMBUlCaRbePTén Bezier b¤ Bezier Corner,
Gñkk¾GacrMkilnig bgVilRtecokpgEdr / dUcenHRbsiT§iPaBelITMrg;énkMNat;NamYyRtUv)an bBa©ÚleTAkñúgkMBUl .
muxgar Refine edayrYmbBa©ÚlCamYytYelxRbs;muxgarmanGtßRbeyaCn¾sMrab;karksag Spline Network
EdlsMrab;eRbICamYynig Surface Modifier .
- Refine : GnuBaØatieGayGñkbEnßmEpñkbBaÆredaymin)ac;bMEpøgtMélelxéntMNagrbs; Spline eLIy .
Click elI Refine ehIy Select elIelxNamYyénkMNat; Spline edIm,IbEnßmkMBUlmYyral;eBlEdl Gñk Click

(mouse cursor pøas;bþÚreTACanimitþsBaØa “Connect” eBlEdlvaenAelIkMNat;NaEdlNamansiT§I .

edIm,IbBa©b;nUvkarbEnßmEpñkbBaÆr Click elI Refine mþgeTot b¤ Click Mouse sþaMenAkñúg View Port .

Gñkk¾Gac Click elIEpñkbBaÆrEdlmanRsab;enAeBlEdl Software bgðajecjnUv Dialog EdlsYr
RbsinebIGñkcg; Refine b¤ Connect only eTAkan;EpñkbBaÆr . ebIGñkeRCIserIsyk Connect Only enaH Software
nigminbegáItkMBUleT / Software RKan;EteFVIkarP¢ab;eTAkan;kMBUlEdlmanRsab; .



karRbtibtþielI Refine begáIteGay)anCaRbePTxus²KñaénkMBUl GaRs½yelIRbePTénEpñkbBaÆrenA
elIcMnuccugénkMNat;Edl)an Refine ehIy. RbsinebIrbs;EpñkmanlkçN³ Smooth TaMgBIr enaHkarRbtibtþi elI
Refine begáIt)anCakMBUlmanRbePTCa Smooth .

RbsinebIRBMrbs;ExSbBaÆrmanlkçN³CaRbePT Corner TaMgsgxagenaHkarRbtibtþielI Refine
begáIt)anCakMBUlEdlmanRbePTCa Corner .
dUcKñaenHEdr ebIRBMTaMgBIrrbs;ExSbBaÆrmanRbePTCa Corner b¤ Bizier Corner, karRbtibtþielI Refine
begáIt)anCakMBUlEdlCaRbePT Bezier Corner
- Connect ³ eBlebIkelIenH / begáIt Spline sub-object fμImYytamry³karP¢ab;ExSbBaÆrfμI .
eBlEdlGñkbBa©b;karbEnßmExSbBaÆrCamYykarRbtibtþielI Refine, Connect eFVIeGay)anCa Copy pþac;ecj
BIKñamYyénkMBUlnImYy² ehIyP©ab; Copy TaMgGs;enaHCamYynig Spline fμImYy .
+ Note : GñkRtUvEtebIkelI Connect muneBlEdlGñk Click elI Refine .

bnÞab;BIebIkelI Connect nig eRkayeBlEdlcab;epþImdMeNIrkar Refreshment, RtUvebIkelIkarbBa©Úl
KñaNamYyk¾)anén Option xageRkamenH ³
- Linear : eBlebIk / eFVIeGaykMNat;TaMgGs;enAkñúg Spline fμIkøayCabnÞat;Rtg; tamry³kar eRbIR)as;elI
Corner Vertices . eBlEdlbiTelI Linear, ExSrbBaÆrEdlFøab;begáItCa Spline fμIenaHKWCa RbePT Smooth .

- Bind First ³ eFVIeGaykMBUlEdl)anbegáItdMbUgenAkñúgkic©Rbtibtþi Refreshment køayCaRBM CMuvij
cMnuckNþalEdl)an Select ehIy .
- Closed : eBlEdlebIk / P¢ab;ExSbBaÆrdMbUgnigcugeRkayeTAkan; Spline fμIEdlbegáItCa Spline
biTCitmYy . eBlEdl Closed biT/ Connect EtgEtbegáIt)anCa Spline manlkçN³ebIk .
- Bind Last : eFIVeGaykMBUlEdl)anbegáItcugeRkayenAkñúgkic©Rbtibtþi Refreshment køayCaRBM
CMuvijcMnuckNþalénkMNat;Edl)an Select ehIy .
- Weld ¬pSarP¢ab;¦ ³ bMElgcugénExSbBaÆrBIr b¤ ExSbBaÆrBIrEdlenACitKña enAkñúg Spline EtmYy /
eTACakMBUlmYy . rMkilcugExSrbBaÆrTaMgBIr b¤ ExSrbBaÆrenACitKñaenaHedayxiteTACitKña Select elIExSr
bBaÆrTaMgBIr bnÞab;mk Click elI Weld . RbsinebIExSbBaÆrTaMgBIrsßitenAkñúgcMgayNamYyEdlkMnt;eday Weld
Threshold Spinner ¬eTAkan;EpñμksþaMénb‘Utug¦ enaHBYkvanigbMElgeTACakMBUlEtmYy . GñkGacP¢ab; kar Select

EdlkMnt;elIExSbBaÆr / d¾rabNaKúrnImYy²rbs;ExSbBaÆrsßitenAkñúg Threshold ¬TabbMput nig x<s;bMput ¦ .


- Connect : P©ab;cugénExSbBaÆrBIrNark¾)an/ CalT§plKWeyIg)ankMnt;manlkçN³Ca Linear mYy .
edaykarminTak;Tg; nig tMélénbnÞat;b:Hrbs;cugExSbBaÆrenaH . Click elIb‘Utug Connect / cg¥úl Mouse enABIelI
nig bEnßmkMBUlrhUtdl; Cursor ERbeTACaragkak)aTbnÞab;mkGUs Mouse BIcMnuccugénkMBUlmYy eTot .
- Insert : Insert ExSrbBaÆrmYy b£ eRcIn / begáItnUvkarbEnßmcMnYnkMNt; . Click elIkEnøgNak¾)an
enAkñúgkMNat;mYy edIm,I Insert kMBUlmYy nig tP¢ab; Mouse enA Spline . bnÞab;mkeRCIserIselIkarrMkil Mouse
nig Click edIm,Idak;TIkEnøgrbs;kMBUlfμI . bnþkarkMrilelI Mouse ehIy Click bEnßmExSrbBaÆr . kar Click
EtmYynaMeGay Insert )anCa Corner Vertex mYy kñúgeBlEdlGUs Mouse begáIt)anCa Bezier ¬relag¦ Vertex
mYy .
Click Mouse sþaMedIm,IbMeBjkic©RbtibtþikarenH nigRBElg Mouse mkvij . enAcMnucenH GñkkMBug

sßitenAkñúg Insert Mode enAeLIyehIyGaccab;epþImkar Insert ExSbBaÆrenAkñúgkMNat;epSgeTot .
ebImindUecñJeT / Click elI Mouse sþaMmþgeTot b¤ Click elI Insert edIm,IecjBI Insert Mode .
- Make First : kMNt;elIkMBUlNamYy enAkñúgrUbragEdl)an Select ehIy eGayeTACakMBUlTImYy .
kMBUlTImYyrbs; Spline KWbgðajR)ab;manlkçN³dUcCakMBUlmYynigmanRbGb;tUcmYyenACMuvijva . select
kMBUlmYyelI Spline EdlenAkñúgrUbragEdleTIbEt Edit ehIyEdlGñkcg;pøas;bþÚr ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Make First .
enAelI Spline EdlebIk / kMBUlTImYyRtUvEtCacMnuccugEdlminTan;)anenACitkMBUlTImYy . enAelI Spline
EdlbitCit vaGacCacMnuccugNak¾edayEdlminTan;køayCakMBUlTImYy . Click elIb‘Utug Make First
ehIyExSrbBaÆrTImYynigRtUverobcM .
kMBYUlTImYyenAelI Spline mYymansar³sMxan;BiessmYy . taragxageRkamenHkMnt;niymn½yBIviFI
eRbIR)as;kMBUlTImYy .
- Fuse ¬rYmKña¦ ³ kMritExSrbBaÆrEdl)an Select TaMgGs;eTAkan;mFümPaKéncMnuckNaþl .
Fuse mansar³sMxan;sMrab;eFVIeGayExSrbBaÆrTaMgGs;rYmKña eBlEdlksag Spline Network

mYysMrab;eRbIR)asÇamYynig Surface Modifier .
+ Note : Fuse mincUlrYmkñúgExSbBaÆreT vaRKan;EtrMkilBYkvaeTAkan;TItaMgEtmYy .

ExSrbBaÆrbIEdl)an Select ¬eqVg¦/ ExSbBaÆrEdlrYmKña ¬sþaM¦



- Cycle : Select elIExSrbBaÆrEdlsMercrYmKñaTaMgGs; . Select ExSrbBaÆrmYykñúgcMeNam BIr
rWeRcInCagenH EdlrMElkTItaMgCak;lak;dUcKñaenAkñúgépÞ 3D, ehIy Click elI Cycle mþgeTotrhutTal;Et
kMBUlEdlGñkcg;)anRtUv Select Edr .
Cycle mansar³RbeyaCn¾sMrab;kMnt;elIkar Select eGayc,as;BIRkummYyénkarrYmKñarbs;ExSrbBaÆr

enAkñúgépÞRbsBV rbs; Spline, eBlEdlksag Spline Network sMrab;eRbIR)as;CamYy Surface Modifier .
- Tip : emIlelI Info Display EdlenAxageRkamén Selection rollout edIm,IeXIjkMBUlmYyNaEdl )an
Select .

- Cross insert : bEnßmExSrbBaÆreTA Splines BIEdlCakmμsiT§irbsvtßúEtmYyenAkñúgépÞRbsBV rbs; BYkva .
Click elI Cross Insert ehIy Click elIcMnucénépÞRbsBVenAcenøaH Splines BIr . RbsinebIcMgay

enAcenøaHsßitenAkñúgtMélÉktamYyEdlkMnt;eday Cross Insert threshold spinner ¬eTAEpñkxageqVgb‘Utug¦
ExSrbBaÆrTaMgLayRtUvbEnßmeTA Splines TaMgBIr .
GñkGacbnþkareRbIelI Cross Insert eday Click elIépÞRbsBV én Splines xus²Kña . edIm,IbBa©b; / RtUv
Click Mouse sþaMenAkñúg View Port EdlkMBugdMenIrkar b¤ Click elIbU‘tug Cross Insert mþgeTot . Cross Insert

manGtßRbeyaCn¾sMrab;begáItExSrbBaÆrénépÞRbsBVrbs; Spline eBlEdlksag Spline Network
sMrab;eRbIR)as;CamYynig Modifier Surface .
+ Note : Cross Insert minP¢ab; Spline BIreT b:uEnþvaRKan;EtbEnßmExSrbBaÆrenATIkEnøgNaEdlvakat; Kña

b£ RbsBVKña .
- Fillet : GnuBaØatieGayGñkeFVIeGayRCugmanragmUl KWenAkEnøgEdlkMNat;CYmKañ / bEnßmkar
RtYtBinitüelIWExSbBaÆrfμI . GñkGac Apply T§iBlénRbsiT§iPaBenH ¬eGaykarGUsExSrbBaÆr¦ b¤karsMrab;elx
¬eRbIR)as; Fillet spinner¦ . Click elIb‘Utug Fillet bnÞab;mkGUsExSrbBaÆrenAkñúgvt§úEdl manskmμPaB . Fillet
Spinner manlkçN³ Updates edIm,Icg¥úbgðajBIcMnYnénRCugbBaäitEdlGñkGUs .

ctuekaNEkgedIm ¬eqVg¦/ bnÞab;BI Apply Fillet ehIy ¬elIxagsþaM¦ nigbnÞabBi Apply Chamfer ehIy
¬eRkamxagsþaM ¦ .



- Fillet Amount ³ sMrbsMrYlelI Spinner enH ¬eTAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utugrbs; Fillet¦ edIm,I Apply
RbsiT§iPaBén Fillet eTAExSbBaÆrEdl)an Select ehIy .
- Chamfer : GnuBaØatieGayGñkkatl;RCugeTénRCugrbs;rUbrag edayeRbIR)as;nUvmuxgar Chamfer .
GñkGac Apply T§iBlrbs;RbsiT§iPaB ¬edaykarGUsExSrbBaÆr¦ b¤ karrab;elx ¬eRbIR)as;nUv Chamfer
Spinner¦ . Click elIb‘Utug Chamfer bnÞab;mkGUsExSrbBaÆrnUvkñúgvtßúEdlmanskmμPaB . Chamfer Spinner

manlkçN³ Updates edIm,Icg¥úlbgðajBIcMnucrbs; Chamfer EdlGñkGUs .



- Chamfer Amount : sMrbsMrYlelI Spinner enH ¬eTAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utugrbs; Chamfer¦ edIm,I apply
RbsiT§iPaBén Chamfer eTAExSrbBaÆrEdl)an Select ehIy .
- Hide ¬lak;¦ ³ lak;nUvExSrbBaÆrEdl)an select nig kMNat;Edl)anP¢ab;KñaTaMgLay . select elI
ExSbBaÆrmYy b¤ eRcIn ehIy Click elI Hide .
- Unhide All : bgðajBI Sub-object Edlminlak;TaMgLay .
- Bind ¬rMu¦ ³ GnuBaØatieGayGñkbegáItnUvRBMrbs;ExSrbBaÆr .
- Unbind : GnuBaØatieGayGñkpþac;ecjnUvrbs;ExSbBaÆrecjBIkMNat;mYyNaEdlvaP¢ab;Kña . Select
elIRBMrbs;ExSrbBaÆrmYyb¤eRcIn ehIy Click elIb‘Utug Unbind .
- Delete ¬lub¦ ³ lubelIkMBUlEdl)an Select rW ExSbBaÆr/ tambeNþayCamYykMNat;EdltP¢ab;
mYykñúgrvag Vertex Edl)anlb; .
Display Group
eBlebIkelIenH / kMNat;Edl)an Select Nak¾eday KWman Highlighted
- Show Selected Segs :

BN’RkhmenAkñúgkMrit Vertex sub-object Level . eBlEdlbiT ¬the default ), kMNat;Edl Select ehIy man
Highlighted EtenAkñúgkMrit Segment sub-object Level . rUbsNæanenHmanGtßRbeyaCn¾sMrab;kar eRbobeFob

karsμúKsμajénkMeNagEdlRbqaMgnwgKña .
Editable Spline ( Segment )
. Select elI Spline EdlGac Edit )an Modify Panel BRgWk Spline enaHeTAkñúg Stack Display
Segment sub-object Level



. Select Spline EdlGac Edit )an Modify Panel Selection rollout Segment button

- Delete : lubkMNat;Edl)an Select enAkñúgrUbrag .

- Divide : EbgEckbnþnUvkMNat;Edl)an Select rW kMNat;edaykarbEnßmcMnYnénExSbBaÆrEdlkMnt; eday
Spinner . Select elI kMNat;mYyb¤eRcIn erobcM Division Spinner ¬EpñkxagsþaMb‘Utug¦

bnÞab;mk Click elI Divide . Segments Edl)an Select nImYy²KWRtUv)anEbgEckedaycMnYnénExS
bBaÆrEdl)ankMnt;enAkñúg Division Spinner . cMgayrvagExSbBaÆrTaMgLayGaRs½yedayTMnak;TMngCamYy
kMeNagénkMNat; / CamYynigtMbn;énkMeNag kan;EtFMKWTTYlExSbBaÆrkanEteRcIn .
- Detach ¬Ejk¦ ³ GnuBaØatieGayGñk Select kMNat;CaeRcInenAkñúg Spline epSg²Kña bnÞab;mk EjkBYkva
¬b£ Copy BYkva¦ eTAkan;TMrg;én Spline fμImYy . mankareRCIserIsbIEdlGaceGayeyIgyk)an ³



edIm nig Spline EdlEjkecjehIy
Spline

- Same Shp : (Same Shape) : EBlEdlebIkelIenH/ Reorient minGacdMeNIrkar)aneT ehIykarRbtibtþi
elI Detach rkSanUvkMNat;Edl)anEjkecjdUc)CaEpñkrbs;rUbrag ¬manlkçN³CaCagkar begáItrUbragfμI ¦
RbsinebI Copy ebIkEdrenaH / GñkbBa©b;CamYynig Copy Edl)anEjkénkMNat;EdlenAkñúg TItaMgdUcKña .
- Reorient : Copy énkMNat;Edl)anEjkehIy manTItaMgnigkarbgðajpøÚvCaRbPBénvtßúEdl
begáItkñúgRbB½n§ Local Coordinate . vtßúfμIEdl)anEjkecjrMkil nig bgVilpgEdr dUcenHRbB½n§ Local Coordinate
manTItaMgnigRtUv)antMrwmCamYyniglkçN³edImén Grid fμI²EdlmanskmμPaB .
- Copy : Copy : kMNat;Edl)anEjkecjCaCagkarrMkilva .
Display Group :
eBlEdlebIk/ kMNat;Edl)an Select Nak¾edayKåman Highlight
- Show Selected segs :

BN’RkhmenAkMrit Vertex sub-object level eBlEdlbiT ( The Default ) kMNat;Edl)an Select Nak¾ edayKWman
highlight BN’RkhmETenAkñúg Segment sub-object level b:ueNÑaH .

rUbsNaæanenHmansar³sMxan;sMrab;eRbobeFob PaBsμúKsμajénkMeNagEdlmanlkçN³RbqaMg nig Kña .



Editable Spline (Spline)
. Select Spline EdlGac Edit )an Modify Panel BRgIk Spline enaHeTAkñúg Stack display Spline
sub-object level
EdlGac Edit )an Modify Panel Selection rollout Spline Button
. Select Spline

kñúgxN³EdlenAkñúgkMrit Editable Spline (spline) level, GñkGac Select Spline EtmYyrWeRcInEdl enAkñúg
Spline object EtmYyehIyrMkil / bgVil/ nig kMnt;maRtdæanBYkvaedayeRbIR)astamviFIsaRsþKMrU .

- Insert : Insert ExSbBaÆrmYyrWeRcInbegáItkarbEnßmelIkMNat; .
- Reverse ¬bRBa©as¦ ³ bRBa©asTisedAén Spline Edl)an Select ehIy.



- Outline : eFVIeGay)anCa Copy mYyén Spline offset BIcMehogTaMgGs;eTAtamcMgayEdl)an kMnt;mYy
eday Outline width Spinner select spline mYyb¤eRcIn bnÞab;mksMrbsMrYlTItaMgénclnarbs; Outline CamYynig
Spinner/ b¤ Click elI Outline ehIy GUselI Spline mYy RbsiebI Spline manlkçN³ ebIk/ CalT§pl Spline nig

Outline rbs;vanigbegáIt)anCa Spline biTCitmYy .

- Center : eBlEdlbiT ( Default ) Spline edImmanlkçN³enAnwgehIy Outline va Offset EtenA
cehogmçagb:ueNÑaHeTAcMgayEdl)ankMnt;eday Outline Width . eBlEdl Center ebIk / Spline edIm nig Outline
rMkilecjbnÞat;kNþalEdlmanlkçN³emIlmineXIj eTAkan;cMgaymYyEdl)ankMnt;eday Outline Width .
- Boolean : bBa©ÚlKñarvag Polygon biTCitBIr edaybgðajecjCakic©Rbtibtþi 2D Boolean
ehIyEdlbMElg Spline TImYyEdlGñk Select niglb;ecalnUv Spline TIBIr . Select Spline TImYy ehIy Click
elIb‘Utug Boolean nigkic©RbtibtþiEdlcg;)an bnÞab;mk Select elI Spline TIBIr .

eFVIkar)anEtenAelI 2D Spline b:ueNaÑH EdlenAkñúgépÞrabdUcKña .
+ Note : 2D Boolean

Boolean mankarRbtibtþibI KW ³

- Union : bBa©Úl Spline BIEdlenACan;BIelIKñaeTACa Spline EtmYy / kñúgEpñkénPaBenACan;Kña RtUv
ykecj . edayTukecalnUvEpñkEdlenABIelIKña én Spline BI eGaydUcCa Spline mYy .
- Subtraction ¬karykecj¦ ³ ykecjénEpñkEdlenABIelIKñarbs; Spline TIBIr cab;BI Spline TImYy /
ehIylb;GVIEdlenAnig Spline TaMgBIr .



- Intersection : TukecalcMeBaHEtépñkEdlenABIelIKñaEtb:ueNÑaH lubecalEpñkEdlminenABIelIKña
ecjBITaMgBIrenaH .
Splines edIm ¬eqVg¦/ Boolean Union . Boolean Subtraction, nig Boolean Intersection, Respectively

- Mirror ¬kBa©k;¦ ³ Mirrors elI Spline tamry³beNaþy/ TTwg b¤ RCugbeBaäógKña . Click TisedA
EdlGñkcg; Mirror dMbUg dUcenHvamanskmμPaBeLIg bnÞab;mk Click elIBakü Mirror .
- Copy : eBlEdl)an Select ehIy/ Copy elIvaCaCagrMkil Spline Edl)an Mirror ehIy .
- About Pivot: eBlEdlebIk Mirror Spline enACMuvijcMnucsñÚlrbs;vtßú. eBlEdlbiT/ Mirror Spline

enACMuvijcMnuckNþalén Goometry rbs;va.
- Trim: eRbIR)as;Trim ¬tMrwm¦ edIm,CMrHecjnUvkMNat;EdlenABIelIKñaenAkñúgrUbragmYy dUcenH cMnuc

cugTaMgLayCYbKñaenAcMnucEtmYy.
- Extend: eRbIR)as; Extend edIm,ICMrHecjnUvkMNat;EdlmanlkçN³ebIkenAkñúgrUbragmYy dUcenHcMnuc

cugTaMgLayCYbKña enAcMnucEtmYy.
- Infinite Endpoints: sMrab;bMNgénkarriHKitrképÞRbsBVebIkelIenHedIm,IeFVIcMeBaHSpline Edlman

lkçN³ebIk dUcCakarminkMNt;RbEvgbeNþay.]TahrN¾/ TaMgenHGnuBaØatieGayGñktMrwm Spline manlkçN³
CalIwenEG‘rmYy EdlRbqaMgeTAnigkarvatecjénRbEvgbeNþarbs;bnÞat;déT eTot EdlvaminEmn CaépÞ RbsBV
BitR)akd eT.
- Hide ¬lak;¦: lak; Spline Edl)an select ehIy/ Select Spline/ mYyrWeRcInCagenH bnÞab;mk Click elI

Hide.

- Unhide All: bgðajBI Sub – Object TaMgLayEdlmin)anlak;.



lubelI Spline Edl)an Select ehIy.
- Delete:

- Close: Close elI Spline Edl)an Select ehIy edaykarrYmbBa©ÚlcMnuccugénExSrbBaÄrCa mYynig

kMNat;fμI .
- Detach : Copy spline Edl)an Select ehIy eGayeTACavtßúfμImYy ehIylubBYkvacab;BI spline Edl

eTIbnig Select ehIyfμI²RbsinebI Copy manlkçN³ Clear.
- Copy : eBlEdl)an Select ehIy/ Copy CaCagrMkil Spline edayvaRtUv)anEjkecj.

- Reorient: Spline Edl)anTTYlkarEjkecj KW)anrMkilnig)anbgVil dUcenHkarbegáItRbB½n§karsMrb

sMrYlpÞal;rbs;va KWRtUv)antMrwmCamYynigkarbegáItRbB½n§sMrbsMrYlpÞal;én Spline Edl)an Select.
- Explode: bMEbknUv Spline Edl)an Select TaMgLaytamry³karbMEngkMNat;nimYy²eTACa Spline

b¤vtßúdac;ecjBIKña. enHKWCaeBlsMrab;snSM (Time-saving) mantMélesμIKñaénkareRbIR)as; Detach
enAelIkMNat;nimYy²enAkñúg Spline edayC½yCMn³.
edIm,IbegáItrUbPaBbg¥ÜcBN’eday Edit Spline
1 - eRbIelI Commands Rectangle CamYy Front view port nigdak;rUbCaragctuekaNEkg

2 - Select Modify enAkñúgCYredIm,I Modify ragctuekaNEkgmYy
3 - Select Edit Spline
4- ebIkelI Sub-Object ehIy Select elI Vertex
5 - Select kMBYlbYnenAkñúgRCugEkgénmMunImYy²rbs;ctuekaNEkg

6 - eRbIR)as; Chamfer CamYyelIRCugEkgmYyénkMBYlehIy Apply Chamfer

7 - RbsinebI Apply Chamfer eTAkMBUlehIy/ kMBUlnigbEnßmeLIgdUcenAkñúgrUb.



én Sub-Object
8 - Select Spline

9 - kar Select mYyeFVIeGay)anragctuekaNEkgEdl)an Apply chamfer

10 - BinitüelI Outline enAkñúgCYredIm,IeGay outline

11 - kar Click mYyeFVIeGay)an Extrude nigeGaykMras;eTAvtßú

12 - TMhMRtUvvayenAkñúg Amount nigkMras;énvtßúEdl)ankMNt;

13 - vtßúEdlmanRbehagmYy RtUv)aneFVIeGayqøúHdUckñúgrUb edaykar Apply chamfer Edl)an

begáIteLIg.



vtßúmYyenAkñúgCYredIm,I Copy vtßú
14 - Select

15 - kar Click mYy eFVIeGayb‘Utug Array tMerobvtßúenAkñúglMdab;lMedayedIm,I Copy vtßú.

16 - vtßúnimYy²enAkñúgG½kS X / Y / Z manTisedAeTATIkEnøgmYyedIm,IkMNt;karbiTelIKñasMrab;kar Move

ecjG½kSNaEdleFVIedayKMrUCamYynigvtßúEdl Array )ankMNt;erobcMvaTuk/ ehIyk¾Gac Copy vtßúmYy Edr .
TMhMRtUvvaybBa©ÚlkñúgG½kS X enAkñúgCYredIm,I copy G½kS X EdltMrg;enATIenH. Copy va dUcenHvtßúenA
BIelIKñamanlkçN³dUcrUbTI 14.
17 - cMnYn 7 énvtßúEdl)an Copy Rtv)ankMNt;Tuk.

18 - Select vtßúEdl)an Copy TaMgGs; edayebIkelITisedAG½kS X

19 - TMhMRtUvvaybBa©ÚlkñúgG½kS Y enAkñúgCYr edIm,ITTYlnUvplsMercrbs; Array CamYyvtßúEdl)an Select

TaMg & enAkñúgTisedAG½kS Y .
20 - vtßúEdl)an Copy mYycMnYn RtUv)ankMNt;Tuk.



KUrRbGb;mYy dUcenHvtßúTaMgGs;Edl)an Copy TaMgGs;enAkñúgEpñkxageRkayénvtßúEdl)an Copy
21 -

RtUvbBa©ÚlKñaEdr.
22 - Select Zoom Region enAkñúg View port Controller

23 - kar Click mYyelIpøÚvExVgénrageBRC Edlmanmuxkat;RCugragctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Front view port

enAkñúgrUb 23.
24 - enHKWCakarBRgIkrUbsNæanenAcMnucRCugrbs;ctuekaNEkg.

25 - KUrrageBRC edayeRbIR)as; Command Line ehIyeGayrageBRCenaHsßitenATItaMgcenøaH énrag

karerEdlbegáItmunvtßúnigRbGb;.
26 - enAkñúg View port xagelI/ 21 KWCaRbGb;/ 25 KWCarageBRC nig 26 KWCaragctuekaNEkg.



3. EDIT MESHS
> begáIt b¤ Select vtßúmYy Modify panel Modifier List Mesh Editing Edit Mesh
> begáIt b¤ Select vtßúmYy Modifier Menu Mesh Editing Edit Mesh
Edit Mesh Modifier pþl;eGaynUv]bkrN_ Edit Edlc,as;las;sMrab;kMrit Sub-Object level xus²

Kñarbs;vtßúEdl)an Select ehIydUcCa³ kMBUl/ RCug nig épÞmux¼Polygon¼Fatu. Edit Mesh Modifier
s½kásmeTAnigsmtßPaBTaMgGs;énRKiHrbs;vtßú Edit Mesh/ elIkElgEtGñkmiGaceFVIEGay Sub-object
manclnaenAkñúg Edit Mesh .



pþl;eGaynUvb‘UtugCaeRcInsMrab;ebIknigbiTelIkMrit Sub-Object level xus²Kña/ eFVIkar
Select rollout

CamYykar Select elIeQμaHnigRtecok/ bgðajkarerobcM/ nigBt’manGMBIGgÁPaBEdl)an Select TaMg Lay.
Click elIb‘UtugTIenHKWdUcnigkar Select elIRbePT Sub-Object enAkñúgkarbgðj Modifier Stack Edl .

Click elIb‘UtugenaHmþgeTotedIm,IbiTvanigRtlb;eTAkMrit Object Selection vij.

Vertex : ebIkelIkMrit Vertex sub-object level, EdlGnuBaØatiþeGayGñk Select kMBUlmYy enAeRkam

Cursor, kñúgtMbn;Edlmankar Select, Select elIExSrbBaÄrmYyenAkñúgbMbn;enaH.

Edge : ebIkelIkMrit Edge sub-object level, EdlGnuBaØatþieGayGñk Select épÞmux b¤ RCugén Polygon

EdlenAeRkam Cursor, enAkñúgtMbn;Edlmankar Select, Select elIRCugCaeRcInEdlenAkñúg tMbn;enaH.
eBlEdlebIkelIkMrit Edge sub-object level, RCugEdllak;TaMgLay bgðajecjmkCabnÞat;man lkçN³dac;²
EdlGnuBaØatþisMrab;kar select kan;Etc,as;las;.
Face : ebIkelIkMrit Face sub-object level, EdlGnuBaØatþieGayGñk Select épÞmuxrag

RtIekaNxageRkam Cursor, tMbn;Edlmankar Select, Select elIépÞmuxragRtIekaNCaeRcInEdlenAkñúgtMbn; enaH.
Polygon : ebIkelIkMrit Polygon sub-object level/ EdlGnuBaØatieGayGñk Select elIépÞmux Coplanar

¬kMnt;edaytMélenAkñúg Plannar Threshold Spinner¦ EdlenAxageRkam Cursor . CaFmμta Polygon
mYyKWmanlkçN³CatMbn;mYyEdlGñkGacemIleXIjenAkñúgExSrtamRCugEdlGacemIl eXIj . tMbn;Edlmankar
Select , Select elI Polygon CaeRcInEdlenAkñúgtMbn;enaH .



ebIlelIkMrit Element Sub-object level, EdlGnuBaØatieGayGñk Select
Element :

elIépÞmuxEdlCitsñitenAkñúgvtßúmYy . tMbn;Edlmankar Select GnuBaØatieGayGñk Select elIFatuCaeRcIn .
- By Vertex : eBlGñk Click elIkMBUlmYy/ RCug b¤ épÞmuxNak¾edayEdleRbIR)as;kMBUlenaH /
GaRs½yelIkMritfμI² én Sub-object Level Edl)an Select . k¾dUcKñanigkareFVIkarCamYynig Region Select Edr .
- Ignore Back facing : eBlebIkelIva/ kar Select én Sub-object KW Select Et Sub-object
NaEdlemIleXIjFmμtaenAkñúg View Port b:UeNÑaH . eBlbiTelIenaH ( Default ) kar Select KWrYmbBa©ÚlnUv ral;
Sub-oject TaMgGs;edayminb:HBal;elIRbRktIPaBrbs;va .

- Ignore Visible Edges : vamantMeNIrkareTA)aneBlEdlvIFIsaRsþénkar Select énépÞmuxrbs; Polygon
RtUv)aneRCIserIs . eBlEdlbiT ( Default ) ehIyGñkehIyGñk Click elIépÞmuxmYy / kar Select
nigminenAxageRkaménRCugEdlemIleXIjeT ebIeTaHCaGñkerobcMelI Planar Thresh Spinner y:aygNak¾ eday .
eBlebIkelIva / kar Select elIépÞmuxminmankarrvl;elIRCugEdlemIleXIjeLIy/ eRbIR)as;karerob cM elI Planar
Thresh Spinner CakarnaMpøÚv .

- Planar Thresh : ( Planar Threshold ) : kMnt;tMélrbs; Threshold EdlkMnt;épÞmuxNaEdlman lkçN³
Coplanar sMrab;kar Select elIépÞmuxrbs; Polygon .

- Show Normals : eBlebIkelIenH / kmμviFIbgðajBIPaBFmμtaenAkñúg View ports . PaBFmμta
TaMgLaybgðajedaybnÞat;BN’exov .
- Scale : kMnt;TMhMénkarbgðajPaBFmμtaenAkñúg View Port eBlEdlebIkelI Show .
- Hide : lak; Sub-object TaMgLayEdl)an Select . RCugnigvtßúTaMmUlminGaclak;)aneT .
- Unhide All : eFVIeGayvtßúEdl)anlak;TaMgGs;Rtlb;CaemIleXIjvij . ExSrbBaÆrEdl)anlak;
Gaclak;)anEteBlEdlenAkñúgkMrit Sub-object level b:ueNÑaH .
Named Selections
- Copy : dak;TItaMnUveQμaHEdl)an Select eTACakar Copy Buffer
- Paste : Pastes eQμaHEdl)an Select BIkar Copy Buffer

Edit Mesh ( Vertex )
- Vertexes are points in space ¬ExSrbBaÆrmanlkçN³CacMnucenAkñúgépÞ¦ BYkvakMnt;BIniymn½y
rbs;eRKagénépÞmux . eBlEdlExSbBaÆrRtUv)anrMkil b¤ Edit/ épÞmuxrbs;BYkvak¾b:HBal;tamenaHEdr .



ExSrbBaÆrk¾GacenAmanPaBedImeday ÉkraCÜüPaB / dUcCakarEjkExSrbBaÆrecjBIKñaGacRtUv)aneRbIedIm,I
kasagépÞmux b:uEnþebImindUecñHeTvamnalkçN³emIlmineXIjeBlEdleyIgkMBug Render .

- Vertex : GnuBaØatieGayGñkbEnßmExSrbBaÆeTACavtßúEtmYyEtmanPaBbnSIKña nig)an Select ehIy .
- Delete : lubExSrbBaÆrEdl)an Select ehIynigépÞmuxTaMgLayNaEdlmanlkçN³tPa¢b;Kña .
- Attach : tP¢ab;vtßúepSgeTotEdlenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbeGayeTACaPaBbnSIKña . GñkGacP¢ab;vtßúRKb;RbePT )an /
rYbbBa©Úlnig Splines / bMEnkénvtßú / nigépÞmux NURBS .
- Detach : EjkExSrbBaÆrEdl)an Select TaMgGs; nigépÞmuxEdl)anP¢ab;KñaTMagGs;eGayeTACavtßú b¤
Fatudac;ecjBIKña .
- Break : begáIteGay)ankMBUlfμIsMrab;épÞmuxEdl)anP¢ab;ehIynImYy²eTACaéxSrbBaÆrEdlRtUv Select /
GnuBaØatieGayépÞmuxRCugrMkil)anecjBIKñaEdlCaTIEdlvarYmKñaenAkMBUledIm .



RbsinebIkMBUlRtUv)anEjkecjBIKña rW eRbIenAEtelIépÞmuxmYy KWminmankarb:HBal;eT .
- Chamfer : Click elIb‘UtugenH / ehIyGUsExSrbBaÆrenAkñúgvtßúEdlmanskmμPaB . The Chamfer
Amount Spinner manlkçN³ Update eTACakacg¥úlbgðajBIcMnYn Chamfer EdlGñkGUs .

- Chamfer Amount : sMrbsMrYlelI Spinner enH ¬eTAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utug Chamfer¦ edIm,I Apply
RbsiT§iPaBén Chamfer eTAExSrbBaÆrEdl)an Select .
- Selected : pSarP¢ab;ExSbBaÆrEdl)an Select ehIyEdlbeNþaytamkarkMnt;enAkñúg Wild Threshold
Spinner ¬enAépñkxagsþaMénb‘Utug ¦ . kMNat;bnÞat;TaMgGs;ERbCakarP¢ab;eTAniglT§plénkMBUl mYy .

- Target ¬muxsBaØa¦ ³ vaybBa©ÚlenA Wild Mode / EdlGnuBaØatieGayGñk Select ExSrbBaÆr nig
rMkilvaCMuvij . kñúgeBlEdlkMBugrMkil Cursor k¾ERbeTACa Move Cursor dUctamFmμta / bu:EnþeBlEdlGñk
dak;TItaMg Cursor enABIelIExSrbBaÄrEdlmin)an Select enaH Cursor k¾køayeTACa rag + vij . RBElg Mouse
enAcMnucenaHedIm,IpSarP¢ab;ExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select TaMgGs;eTACamuxsBaØaénkMBUlEdlvadak;cUl .
- Emove Isolated Vertices : lubExSrbBaÄrEdl)anEjkecjBIKñaenAkñúgvtßú / edayminb:HBal;elI
kareTIbEt Select fμI²eT .
- View Align : tMrwmExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select eTACaépÞrabenAkñúg View Port EdlmanskmμPaB .
kñúgkrNIEdlGkçraviruT§kñúg View Port mankarb:HBal;dUcKñanigkartMrwmelI Grid énsMNg; eBlEdl Home Grid
manskmμPaB . eBlEdlkartMrwmenAkñúg Perspective View Port / ¬rYmCamYykaemra: nig ExSrEPñkén BnøW ¦
ExSrbBaÄrmanlkçN³tMrg;eTAxagNamYymþgeTot eTAkrtMrwmeTACaépÞrabmYyEdlRsbeTAnigépÞrab
EdlCaExSrEPñkrbs;kaemra: . (Perspictive View Port manépÞrabCakaremra:EdlemIlmineXIj ¦ .
kñúgkrNITaMgenH kar Select elIExSrbBaÄrmin)anERbeTACaGVIeTRKan;EtbgVilb:ueNÑaH .
- Grid Align : Align ExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select eTAépÞrabEdleTIbnigksag . épÞrabEdleTIbnig sg;
RtUv)ankMnt;eday View Port EdlmanskmμPaBenAkñúgkrNIrbs; Home Grid . eBlEdleKeRbIelI Grid Object
mYy / épÞrabEdleTIbegáItfμIKWCa Grid Object EdlmaskmμPaBenaH .
- Make Planar : bgçMeGayExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select TaMgGs;køayCa Coplanar . PaBFmμtaénépÞ
rabKWCamFümPaKénépÞmuxFmμtaTaMgGs;Edl)antP¢ab;eTAnigExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select .
- Collapse : Rtlb;ExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select eGayeTACamFümPaKénkMBUlmYy .



karRtYtBinitüenHGnuBaØatieGayGñkerobcMelITTwg nig BN’sMrab;ExSrbBaÄr .
- Weight : KWCakarbgðajnigGnuBaØatieGayGñkpøas;bþÚrTTwgénkMBUlsMrab;RbtibtþikarN¾ NURMS
Edit Vertex Colors Group
eRbIR)as;karRtYtBinitüTaMenHedIm,IkMnt;tMélBN’ / kardak;ePøIgbMPøW ¬Rsemal¦ nig Gal;haV ¬tMmøaPaB¦
énExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select .
- Color : Click elI edIm,Ipøas;bþúÚrBN’énExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select .
- Illumination ¬kardak;ePøWg ¦ ³ Click elI ……
kardak;BnøWénBN’elIExSrbBaÄrEdl)an Select . lkçN³TaMgenHGnuBaØtieGayGñkbþÚrBnøWePøWgénkMBUl
mYyedaymin)ac;pøas;bþÚrBN’rbs;kMBUlenaHeT .
- Alpha : GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;tMélénGal;hVa ¬tmøPaB¦ eTAWExSrbBaÄeEdl)an Select .

tMélén Spinner manlkçN³CaPaKry / tMélsUnüKWCatmøaPaBeBjeljehIy 100 KWmanlkçN³
RsGab;eBjeljEdlBnøWecjcUlmin)an .
Select Vertices By Group e
b‘Utug Color and Illumination Radio : b‘UtugTaMgenHkMnt;kar Select elIExSrbBaÄrNak¾eday tamry³
-

tMélBN’énkMBUl b¤ tMélénkardak;BN’ b¤ BnøåénkMBUl .
- Color Swatch : bgðajBI Color Selector / EdlGñkGackMnt;BN’kñúgkardak; .
- Select : GaRs½yelIb‘Utug Radio NamYyEdl)an Select, Select elIExSrbBaÄrTaMgGs; EdlBN’én
kMBUl nig tMélelxénkardak;BnøWrbs;BYkvadUcKñaebHbiTnig Color Swatch b¤enAkñúgCYrEdlkMnt;eday RGB
Spinner .



- Range : kMnt;CYrmYysMrab;kardak;BN’ . tMélénBN’ RGBTaMgbIEdlenAkñúgBN’énkMBUl b¤ kardak;BnøW
RtUvEtdUcKña b¤ RtUvKña nig BN’EdlkMnt;eday Color Swatch enAkñúg Select By Vertex Color b¤enAkñúgtMél bUk b¤
dk kñúg Range Spinner . Default = 10
- Use Soft Selection : TTYlplb:HBal;elIskmμPaBén Move, Rotate nig Scale Function

EdlenAkñúgvtßúEdlGac Edit )an b¤ k¾ Edit Modifier ehIyskmμPaBénjkarERbRbYleFVIeGayxUcRTg;RTay RtUv
Apply eTAvtßú RbsinebIBYkvaeFVIkarenAkñúg Sub-object Selection .

- Edge Distance : karerobcMelI Spinner kMnt;RBMedlénkarb:HedaycMnYnrbs;RCugEdlenAcenøaHkar Select
nwgExSrbBaÄrEdlTTYlkarb:HBal; . tMbn;EdlTTYlkarb:HBal;RtUv)anvas;RbEvgenAkñúgRkumén “edge-distance”/
tamépÞmuxrbs;va / CaCagvas;elI Space BitR)akd .
- Affect Beck Facing : eBlebIkelIenH / edaHkar select BI Sub-objects EdlmanlkçN³Fmμta
¬b¤enAkñúgkrNICaExSrbBaÄr b¤ RCug / lkçN³PaBénépÞmuxeTAkan;GVImYyEdlvatP¢ab; ¦ TaMgGs;enHenAcMTl;mux
nwg FmümPaKFmμtaén Sub-object Edl)an Select ehIyEdlTTYlT§iBleday Soft Selection . biT Affect
Beck Facing eBlEdlGñkcg;bþÚrépÞmuxvtßúesþIgmYy / dUcCaRbGb;esþIg / b:uEnþ
mincg;TTYlplb:HBal;énépÞmuxelIcMehogd¾éTeTotrbs;vtßúeLIy .

- Fall off : cMgayenAkñúgÉktacab;BIcMnuckNþaleTAkan;RCugénEsVrmYyKWkMnt;niymn½yBItMbn;Edl
TTYlplb:HBal; . eRbIkarkMnt;elItMél Fall Off kan;Etx<s;edIm,ITTYl)anCMralkan;Etx<s;bnþicmþg² /
GaRs½yelImaRtdæanén Geometry rbs;Gñk . Default = 20



- Pinch ¬kacuc¦ ³ eFVIeGaycMnucxagelIrbs;bnÞat;ekagegIbeLIgnigcuHTabtambeNþayG½kSQr L
erobcMelITMnak;TMng “Pointed ness” enAkñúgtMbn; . eBlEdlmantMélGviC¢man / begáIt)anCaragmanlkçN³
dUcmat;PñMePøWgehIyvaCMnYseGaycMnucmYy . enARtg;karkMnt;tMél 0 Pinch begáItCakarkat;relagmYy
kat;tamG½kS . Default = 0
- Bubble ¬BBuHTwk¦ ³ BRgIk nig bRgYmbnÞat;ekagtambeNþayG½kSbBaÄrerobcMelITMnak;TMng “Fullness”

énkñúgtMbn; . karkMnt;RBMEdneday Pinch / EdlerobcMeLIgdUcCacMnuccab;epþImminGacdUr)ansMrab; Bubble .
karkMnt;tMél 0 sMrab; Pinch nig 1.0 sMrab; Bubble begáIteGay)anCaPaBrelagGtibrimaelon ecjmk .
tMélGviC¢manmansMrab; Bubble rMkilEpñkxageRkaménExSrekagEdlenAeRkamépÞmux / begáIteGay)anCarag
“Valley” ¬RClg¦ enACMvij)aténtMbn; . Default = 0

- Soft Selection Curve : CakarbgðajlkçN³Ca Graphic ehIybgðajBIrebobdMeNIrkarrbs; Soft

Selection . GñkGaceFVIkarsakl,gCamYynigkarerobcMelIbnÞat;ekagmYy / Undo elIva / nigsakl,gelIkar

erobcMd¾éTeTotCamYynigkar Select dUcKña .
edIm,IbegáItPñMedayeRbI Soft Selection
1 - eRbIRbGb;mYyrbs; Create / Geometry ehIyeFVIeGayRbGb;manlkçN³dUcrUbTI 1 ¬TMhMrbs;

RbGb;EdleGayKW beNþay nig TTwg 100, kMBs; 0 Segment énTTwg nigbeNþay 15¦
2 - Click elI Modify enAkñúgCYrlMdab;lMedayedIm,I Modify RbGb;

3 - Apply Edit Mesh nig Click elIkMBUlén Sub-object

4 - karBinitüelI Use Soft Selection enAkñúg Soft Selection

5 - Select elI Random Vertex enAkñúg Top View Port dUcrUb 5

6 - GVIEdlenACMuvijkMBUleLmelImedayRbRBitþeTAtamkMBUlEdr RbsinebIeKrMkilkMBUlenAkñúg Front View

Port tamTisedAG½kS Y kñúgx½NÐEdlKUrrag Porabola mYyenAkñúgeBlEtmYy .



Edit Spline ( Edge )



RCugmYyKWCabnÞat;mYy / GacemIleXIjrWGacemIlmineXIj TMrg;cMehogrbs;épÞmuxKWP¢ab;KñaedayExS
bBaÄrBIr . épÞmuxBIGacEckRCugEtmYy)an .
- Delete : lubRCugEdl)an Select nigépÞmuxTaMgBIrEdlP¢ab;RCugrvagKñanigKña .
- Attach : GnuBaØatieGayGñktP¢ab;vtßúd¾éTeTotenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbeTACaPaBbnSIKñaEdl)an Select .
GñkGactP¢ab;vtßúRbePTNak¾)anrYmCamYynig Splines, Patch objects / nig NURBS Object . kartP¢ab;
vtßúEdlKμanPaBbnSI naMeGaybMElgvtßúenaHeTACaPaBbnSIKña . Click elIvtßúEdlGñkcg;tP¢ab;eTAnigvtßúeTIbEt
Select ehIyEdlmanlkçN³bnSIKña .

- Divide : GnuBaøatieGayGñkeFVIkarEbgEckRCugmYyeTACaRCugBIredaymankMBUlfμIsßitenAcMnuckNþal
énRCugnImYy² . Click elI Divide ehIy Select elIRCugmYyedIm,IEbgEckelIva . RCugnImYy²RtUvEbgEck
enARtg;kEnøgNaEdlGñk Click elIva . GñkGac Click elIRCugeRcInb:uNaÑk¾)antamEdrGñkcg;EbgEckeTAtam
lMdab;lMeday . edIm,IbBaÄb;karEbgEck/ Click elI Divide mþgeTot rW Click elI Mouse sþaM .
- Turn : bgVilRCugenAkñúgRBMEdnrbs;va . enAkñúgkmμviFI 3D Max vtßúEdlbnSIKñaTaMgGs;KWpSMKñaeday

épÞmuxragRtIekaN / b:uEnþtamry³ Default , Polygon PaKeRcInRtUv)anbriyaydUcCa ragctuv½gS ¬bYnRCug¦
CamYyRCugEdllak; EbgEckragctuekaNv½gSnImYy²eTACaragRtIekaNBIr . Turn GnuBaØatieGayGñkpøas;bþÚr


TisedAkñúgRCugNaEdl)anlak; ¬b¤RCugd¾éTeTot¦ dUecñHplb:HBal;BIrebobEdlrUbragpøas;bþÚreBlEdlGñkEk ERb
Sub-object edaycMeBaHb¤edaymincMeBaHCamYynig Modifier .

- Extrude : Click elIb‘UtugenHehIyGUselIvaedIm,IBnøÚtRCugEdl)an Select b¤sMrbsMrYlelI Extrude
Spinner edIm,IbgðajBIkarBnøÚt . GñkGac Select elIRCugxus²KñaedIm,IBnøÚtvakñúgxN³eBlEdl Extrude

kMBugmanskmμPaB .
- Extrude Amount : Spinner enH ¬enAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utug Extrude¦GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;cMnYn
edIm,IeFVIkarBnøÚnRCug . Select elIRCUgmYy b¤ eRcIn ehiysMrbsMrYlelI Spinner .
- Chamfer : Click elIb‘UtugenhehIyGUselIRCugEdlenAkñúgvtßúEdlmanskmμPaB . Chamfer Spinner
enHmanlkçN³ Update EdlbgðajR)ab;BIcMnYnén Chamfer EdlGñkGUs .
- Chamfer Amount : sMrbsMrYlelI Spinner enHenAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utug Chamfer¦ edIm,I Apply
RbsiT§iPaBén Chamfer eTAkan;RCugEdl)an Select .
Cut and Slice Group
GnuBaØatieGayGñkEbgEckRCugbnþ dUcKñaCamYynig]bkrN¾ Cut b¤ Slice edIm,IbegáItExSrbBaÄr / RCug
nigépÞmuxfμI .
- Remove Isolated Vertices : lubExSrbBaÄrEdlEjkecjBIKñaenAkñúgvtßú EdlminxVl;BIkar Select
fμI²eLIy .
- Select Open Edges : Select RCugTaMgGs;EdlenAkñúgépÞmuxEtmYyvtßúPaKehIy / lkçN³TaMgenH
bgðajBIkEnøgEdlGñk)at;épÞmuxEdlmanRsab; .
- Create Shape From Edges : bnÞab;BIkar Select elIRCugmYyb¤eRcIn Click elIb‘UtugenHedIm,IbegáIt TMrg;én
Spline mYyBIRCugEdl)an Select . Create Shape Dialog bgðajeLIg / ehIyGnuBaØatieGayGñkdak;

eQμaHelIrUbrag / erobcMeGayvamanlkçN³ Smooth b¤ Linear, ehIyrMelagRCugEdl)anlak; . cMnucsñÚl
rbs;rUbragfμIKWsßitenAcMnuckNþalénvtßúEdlmanPaBbnSIKña .
- View Align : tMrwmRCugEdl)an Select eTACaépÞrabén View Port EdlmanskmμPaB . enAkñúg
krNIGkçraviruT§én View Port/ vamanRvbsiT§iPaBdUcKñanigkartMrwmelI Grid énsMNg; eBlEdl Home Grid
kMBugmanskmμPaB eBlEdltMrwmenAkñúg Perspective View Port ¬rYmCamYykaemra:nigExSrEPñkénBnøW¦ . enA
kñúgkrNíTaMgenH / kar Select elIRCugmin)anERbRbYlGVIeT RKan;EtbgVilb:ueNÑaH .



- Grid Align : tMrwmRCugEdl)an Select eTAnigépÞrabfμíEdleTIbnigsg; . épÞrabfμIenkMnt;eday View port
EdlmanskmμPaBenAkñúgkrNIrbs; Home Grid . eBlEdlkMBugeRbIelI Grid object bøg;Edl eTIbbegáItfμIKWCa
Grid EdlmanskmμPaBrbs;vtßúenaH .

- Make Plannar : bgçMeGayRCugEdl)an Select TaMgGs;køayCa Coplanar . PaBFmμtaénRCugrab
KWCamFümPaKénépÞmuxFmμtaTaMgGs;Edl)antP¢ab;eTARCugTaMgLayEdleyIg)an Select.
- Collapse : Rtlb;RCugEdl)an Select edaykarbnSIcugénkMBUlnImYy²rbs;RCugEdl)an Select
eTAkan;RCugénkMBUld¾éTeTot .
Edi Mesh ( Face, Polygon, Element )
- A face is the smallest possible mesh object : ( Face KWCavtßúEdlbnSIKañmanlkçN³tUcbMputtam
EdlGaceTA)an ¦ ³ TMrg;rayRtIekaNEdlpÁúMeLIgedayExSrbnÞat;bI . épÞmuxTaMLaypþl;eGaynUvPaBEdlGac
Render )aneTAelImuxrbs;vtßú . kñúgxN³eBlEdlkMBUlmYyGacenA)anedaykarEjkcMnucenAkñúgépÞlMhr .

b:uEnþépÞmuxminGacenAb¤maneLIyedayExSrbnÞat;eT .

- Extrude : Click elIb‘UtugenH bnÞab;mkGUs Mouse tamEpñkbBaÄrenAelIépÞmuxNamYyk¾)anedIm,I
BnøÚtva .
- Extrussion : Spinner enH ¬enAEpñkxagsþaMénb‘Utug Extrude¦ GnuBaØatieGayGñkBnøÚtépÞmuxEdl )an
Select cUlkñúg b¤ ecjeRkA)an GaRs½yelItMélelxviC¢man b¤ GviC¢man .

- Bevel ¬karkat;RCugeTr¦ ³ Click elIb‘UtugenH bnÞab;mkGUs Mouse tamExSrbBaÄrelIépÞmuxNa
mYyk¾)anEdl Gñkcg;BnøÚt . RBElg Mouse vij ehIy rMkil Mouse tamExSrbeNþayedIm,Ikat;kat;RCugeTr b¤
bBaäitelIkarBnøÚtenH . Click edIm,IbBa©b;va .

muxgarsMrab; Cut nig Slice / GacdMeNrkar)anEtcMeBaH Edge Sub-object level /
nigGacdMeNIrkar )ancMeBaH Face Polygon RBmTaMgmU:ténFatuTaMgLayEdlenAkñúg 3Ds Max 3 .



eRbIR)as;karRtYtBinitüedIm,I Tessellate ¬EbgEckbnþ¦ elIépÞmuxEdl)an Select . kar Tessellate
mansar³sMxan;sMrab;bEnßmdg;suIeténPaBbnSIkñúgeBlEdlkMBugksagrUb . GñkGacEbgEckbnþnUvkar Select
elIépÞmuxTaMgLay . vIFIsaRsþ Tessellate GacdMeNIrkareTA)ancMeBaH ³ Edge nig Face-Center .
- Tessellate : Click elIépÞmuxEdl Tessellate / edayEp¥kelIkarerobcM Face-Center, Edges nig Tension
(spinner) .

- By Edge / Face-Center : RCug Insert ExSrbBaÄrenAelIcMnuckNÞalénRCugsgxag ehIyKUsbnÞat;
bIPa©b;eTAExSrbBaÄrTaMgenaHCalT§pl / épÞmuxbYnRtUv)anbegáItecjépÞmuxmYy.

eRbIR)as;karRtYtBiniRtTaMgenHedIm,Ipþac;ecjépÞmuxEdl)an Select eGayecjBIKña .
- Explode ¬bMpÞúH¦ ³ Explode épÞmuxEdl)an Select eGayeTACaFatueRcIn b¤ vtßunana EdlGaRs½y
edaymMuénRCugrbs;va .
- To object / Elements : kMnt;épÞmuxEdl)anbMpÞúHehIyeGayeTACavtßúEdldac;BIKña b¤ CaFatuén vtßúenaH .



karRtYtBinitüTaMgenHGnuBaØatieGayGñkeFVIkarCamYynigépÜmuxEdlFmμta / sMPar³ IDS , Smoothing Group
nigBN’énkMBUl .
Normal Group
¬karpÞat;¦ ³ bRBa©asTisedAénépÞmuxEdlmanlkçN³Fmμta énépÞmuxEdl)an Select .
- Flip

- Unify ¬rYmKña¦ ³ pÞat;PaBFmμtarbs;vtßúmYy dUcenHvamanTisedAcg¥úleTAkan;TisdUcKña / CaFmμta
manTisedAeTAxageRkA . lkçN³TaMgenHvamanGtßRbeyaCn¾sMrab;naMépÞmuxrbs;vtßúRtlb;mkTisedAedIm rbs;
vavij .
- Flip Normal Mode : pÞat;PaBFmμtarbs;épÞmuxEdlGñk Click . edIm,Icakecj / Click elIb‘Utug
enHmþgeTot b¤ k¾ Click Mouse sþaMelIkEnøgNak¾)an enAkñúgkmμviFI Inter face .
Material Group
- ID : GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;edaycMeBaHelIcMnYnénsMPar³ ID mYyeTAkan;épÞmuxEdl)an Select
( Polygon, Fatu ) edIm,ieRbIR)as;CamYysMPar³ Multi / Sub-object nigkarGnuvtþd¾éTeTot . eRbIR)as; Spinner

b¤vayelxBI Keyboard bBa©Úl . cMnYnsrubéncMnYnEdl IDS GacdMeNIrkar)an KW 65,535 .
- Select By ID : bgðajBI Select by Material ID Dialog EdlGñkeRbIR)as;edIm,IvaybBa©Úlelx
rbs;sMPar³ ID . Click elI OK, Select elIépÞmuxEdlkMnt;edaysMPar³ ID . RbsinebI Clear Selection
ebIképÞmuxNak¾edayEdl)an Select xagedIm KWkaedaH Select ecjdMbUgeK . RbsinebI Clear Selection biT / kar
Select fμIRtUv)anbEnßmeTAkan;kar Select Nak¾eday Edl)ankMnt;BImunmk .
Smoothing Groups Group
eRbiR)as;karRtYtBinitüenHedIm,IkMnt;épÞmuxEdl)an Select eGayeTACa Smoothing Groups xus²Kña
nigedIm,I Select épÞmuxtamry³ Smoothing Group .
ediMm,IkMnt;épÞmuxeGayeTACa Smoothing Groups mYyb¤eRcIn / eyIgRtUv Select elIépÞmuxTaMgenaH ehIy
Click elIcMnYnén Smoothing Group(s) edIm,IkMnt;elIBYkva .

- Select by SG (Smoothing Group) : karsMEdgecj Dialog mYyEdlbgðajBI Smoothinn groups fμI² .
Select elIRkummYyedaykar Click elIb‘UtugelxEdlsmRsbehIy Clock elI OK .

- Clear All : ykecjnUvkarkMnt; Smoothing Group TaMgenHBIépÞmuxEdl)an select .
- Auto Smooth : erobcMelI Smoothing Group GaRs½yedaymμuenAcenøaHépÞmuxTaMgenaH .



- Threshold : Spinner enH ¬enAépñkxagsþaménb‘Utug Auto Smooth¦GnuBaØatikMnt;mMuEdlmantMél
Gtibrima enAcenøaHépÞmuxEdlenACitbegáIyKña ehIykMnt;fa épÞmuxTaMgenaHnidak;cUleTAkñúgRkum Smoothing
Group dUcKañ .

edIm,iBnøÚtépÞmuxedayeRbI Polygon én Edit Mash nig Granting ID
1 - eRbIRbGb;mYyén Create / Geometry ehIyeFVIRbGb;enaHeGaydUcrUbTImYy . TMhMEdleGayKW 100 x

100 x 100 tMél Segment énTTWg / beNþay / kMBs; 3 x 3 x 3

2 - Click elI Modify enAkñúgCYredIm,IEkERbvtßú

3 - Apply Edit Mesh ehIy Click elIépÞmuxén Sub-Object

4 - Select EtenAcMkNþal Polygon enAkñúg Front View Port dUcrUb 4

5 - Click edIm,Iyk Extrude enAkñúg Edit Geometry dUcenH ExtrudeenaHTTYl)annUvépÞmuxEdl )an Select

ehIy nigcg;)andak;enATIenHRBmTaMgTMhMEdl)andak; .
6 - Select EtenAelIEpñkkNþalrbs; Polygon énRTg;RTayrag 6 RCugnImYy²ehIyTTYl)annUvkar

BnøÚtehIyrYcral; .



Select elI Polygon xagedImTaMgGs; CamYynigkarBnøútenAEpñkkNþalrbs; Polygon énrag 6 RCug
EdleFVIeday ³
7 - enAkñúgeRKOgsMPar³ ID enAkñúg Surface Properties eyIgyk 7 . elx 7ID KWRtUv)aneGayeTA

elIépÞmuxsrubén Polygon .
8 - Select elI Closing Selection énEpñkxageRkam Toolbar

9 - pøas;bþÚrEtépÞmuxén Extrude Polygon edIm,IeGaykøayeTACasMPar³ ID1

10 – eFVIkrNIxagelIekIteLIgvij edayyk 10 eGaytMél Material ID BI 1 eTA 6 edIm,IBnøÚt

épÞmuxénrag 6 RCug .



edIm,IbegáItekAGuImanbEg¥kedayeRbI Edit Mesh Command
1 - eRbIRbGb;mYyEdl Create / Geometry nigeFVIRbGb;dUcrUb 1 TMhMEdleGayKw 100 x 100 x 30 tMél

Segment énTTwg/ beNaþy / kMBs; 4 x 4 x 3

2 - Click elI Modify enAkñúgCYredIm,IEkERbRbGb;

3 – Click elI Edit Mesh edIm,I Apply Edit Mesh enH

4 – Apply Edit Mesh ehIy Click elI Polygon én Sub-object

5 – Select elI Closing Selection enAEpñkxageRkamén Toolbar

6 – kar Select elIbEg¥kénekAGuImYy KW select EtelIekAGuIEdlCa Polygon enAEpñkxageqVgxitelI

énépÞrab enAkñúg Left Viewport dUcenHkarBnøÚtenHTTYl)anépÞmuxedIm,IkareFVIkar .



elIb‘Utug Modify EfmeTot / bnÞab;mk Modifier Window mYybgðajeLIg
7 – Click

8 – Select elI Face Extrude

9 – eGaytMélkñúg Amount 30 én Face Extrude ehIy Click

10 – eFVIeLIgvij ehIy Apply 8 Item nig 9 Item

11 - eFVIeLIgvij ehIy Apply 8 Item nig 9 Item



14 – Select elIRCugCMnYseGay Polygon enAkñúg Sub-object item

15 – eFVIeGaymanBMnuHbEg¥kénekAGuI select elIRCugedIm,IeFVIkarenAkñúg Left View Port nigrMkilvaeTA

eRkaybnþicmþg² / nigeFVIeGaybEg¥kekAGuIenaHeTreTAeRkay



RCugEdl)an Select énBak;kNþalBMnuHenAkñúgCYr )anegIbBak;kNþalBMnuHenaHeLIgBIkMralrbs;
16 –

ekAGIbnþicmþg² .
17 – Select elIRCugsrub

18 – Select elIb‘Utug Modify bEnßm / ehIy Modifiers Window mYybgðajeLIg .

19 – Select elI Mesh Smooth nigeFVIeGayvtßúRsTn;

20 – vtßúEdl Mesh Smooth )an Apply elI KWvabMElgdUcCarUb 21 manlkçN³RsTn; .

4 – BOOLEAN
. Select elI object mYy Create Panel Geometry Compound object Object Type rollout
Boolean
. Tab Panels Compound Tab Boolean Compound object
vtßuEdlCa Boolean KWCavtßúmYyEdlpÁúMedayvtßúBIrd¾éTeTottamry³karbgðajBIkic©Rbtibtþi Boolean
enAelIBYkvaTaMgenaH



eBlGñk Select elI Operand B / GñkGacEklMGrvaeGayCa Reference , Move ¬vtßúxøÜnvapÞal;¦ Copy,
b£ Instance edayeyageTACMerIsrbs;GñkenAkñúg Pick Boolean Rollout sMrab;vtßúCa Boolean . GaRs½yedaykar
Select rbs;GñkBIrebobEdlGñkcg;eRbIR)as;pÞaMg Geometry bnÞab;BIGñkbegáIt Boolean ehIy .

edaysarEtGñkbegáItvtßú Boolean CaTUeTAEtgEtcab;ecjBIvtßúEdlenACan;BIelIKña / ehIyRbsinebI vtßú B
min)anykecjeT ¬ebIGñkmineRbIelI Deffault Move Option¦ naMeGayvaEtgEtCMTas;nigKMehIjrbs; GñkeTA
Boolean EdlbEg¥¥kehIy . GñkGacrMkil Boolean b¤ vtßú B ecjedIm,IemIlelIlT§pl)anRbesIr Cagmun .

- Pick Operand B : eRbIb‘UtugenHedIm,I Select vtßúTIBIrkñúgkarbMeBjkic©RbtibtþielI Boolean.

- Reference / Copy / Move / Instance :GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;ykmYyNaeGayc,as; kñúgrebob Edl

Operand B bMElgeTACavtßú Boolean . vaGacbMElgeTACa Reference, Copy, Instance b¤ Moved )andUcKña .

Geometry énvtßú B ERbkøayeTACaEpñkmYyénvtßú B edayminb:HBal; b¤ Bak;B½n§CamYy nig viFIsaRsþ Copy

EdlGñk)aneRbIeT .

Parameters Rollout
Operands Group
- Operands List Field : bgðajBI Operand fμI² .


- Name : Edit elIépÞenHedIm,Ipøas;bþÚreQμaHrbs; Operands . Select elI Operand mYyenAkñúg tarag
Operand ehIyvak¾nigbgðajenAkñúg Name Box Edr .

- Extract Operand : dkyk Copy mYy b¤ Instance mYyecj Operand Edl)an Select eRCIserIs yk
Operand mYyenAkñúgtarag Window edIm,IeGayb‘UtugenHGacdMenirkar)an .

- Instace / Copy : GnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;BIrebob Operand RtUv)andkecj dUcKñanig Copy b¤ Instace .
Operation Group
vtßú Boolean pÞúkenAbrimaRténvtßúedImTaMgBIrrbs;va . cMEnképÞmuxEdlRbsBVKña b¤ EdlenA
- Union :

Can;BIelIKña Geometry RtUv)anykecj .
- Intersection : vtßú Boolean pÞúkEtbrimaRtEdlpÞal;eTAnig vtßúedImTaMgBIr ¬n½ymü:ageTotKW /
enARtg;kEnøgEdlvaCan;BIelIKña¦
- Subtraction (A – B) : dkbrimaRténépÞmuxEdlRbsBVKñarbs; Operand B ecjBI Operand A . vtßú
Boolean pÞúknUvbrimaRtén Operand B rYmCamYynig brimaRtépÞmuxRbsBVEdl)andkecjBIva .

- Cut : kat; Operand A CamYy Operand B/ b:uEnßmGVIeTAelIPaBbnSIKñaBI Operand B eT .
- Refine : bEnßmExSrbBaÄrnigRCugfμIeTA Operand A enAkEnøgEdlRbsBVépÞmuxrvag Operand A nig
Operand B .

- Split : eFVIkardUc Refine Edr b:EnþvabEnßm)anExSrbBaÄrTIBIr b¤ erobcMelIExSrbBaÄrBIrdg k¾dUcKña
CamYynigRCugEdr EdlvasßitenAtamRBMRbTl;Rtg;kEnøgEdl Operand Bkat; Operand A .
- Remove Inside : lubépÞmuxén Operand A TaMgGs;EdlenAkñúg Operand B .
- Remove Outside : lubépÞmuxén Operand A TaMgGs;EdlenAeRkA Operand B .
Display / Update Rollout

Display Group



tamry³karemIleXIjlT§plén Boolean mYyGacCakare)akbeBaäat / CaBiessRbsinebIGñkcg; pøas;bþÚr
b¤ eGayvamanclna . Display Option enAkñúg Boolean Parameter Rollout CYyGñkkñúgkaremIl
BIrebobénkarsag Boolean .
Display Control minmankarb:HBal;GVIeTrhUtTal;Føak;)anbegáIt Boolean .

- Result : bgðajBIlT§plénRbtIbtþikarN¾ Boolean, vaKWCavtßú Boolean xøÜnÉgpÞal;Etmþg .

karbgðabBI Operands karbgðajBIlT§pl (A , B)
- Result + Hidden Ops : bgðajBIr Operand Edl “Hidden” manlkçN³dUcCaExSrlYs .

karbgðajBI Operand Edl)anlak;bnÞab;BI A.B bgðajBI Operand Edlmanlak;bnÞab;BIr B – A
- Operands : bgðajBI Operand cMnYseGaylT§plén Boolean
Update Group
tamry³ Default, Boolean )an Update enAeBlEdlGñkbþÚr Operand . pÞaMgrUbEdlpÞúknUvPaBsμúK
sμajmYy b¤ eRcIn / kareFVIeGay Boolean manclnaGacCakarraMgsÞHdl;kaecjsMEdg . Option sMrab; Update
pþl;eGaynUvvIFIsaRsþEdlpøas;evnKñaedIm,IeGaykarecjsMEdgmanlkçN³ kan;EtRbesIeLIg .
- Always : Update Boolean )anPøam² eBlEdlGñkbþÚr Operand mYy/ rYmCamYyvtßúedImén Instance rW
Reference rbs; Operand B . enHKICacriklkçN³rbs; Default .



- When Rendering : Update Boolean )anEtenAeBlEdlGñk Render elIpÞaMgrUb b¤ Click elI Update .
CamYynig Option enH / View Port min)anbgðajCaRbcaMelI Geometry fμI²enaHeT b;uEnþGñkGac bgçMelIPaB Update
eBlEdlcaM)ac; .
- Manually : Updates Booleans )anEtenAeBlEdlGñk Click elI Update . CamYynig Option enH /
View Port nig Render output min)anbgðajCaRbcaMnUv Geometry fμI²eT / b;uEnþGñkGacbgçMelI Update

eBlEdlcaM)ac; .
- Update : Updates elI Boolean . b‘Utug Update enHminGacdMenIrkar)aneTenAeBlEdl Always RtUv)an
Select .

CMBUk 3
RENDERING COMMAND

1 – Light ¬BnøW¦
1-1 . RbePTénBnøW

Topic enHBN’naGMBIBN’nanaEdlmanBitenAkñúgBiPBelak . eBldak;eGayBnøWelIpÞaMgrUbmYy / va

GacCaCMnYykñúgkardwgBIrebobénGtþcrikrbs;BnøWFmμCati .
eBlEdlrsμIénBnøWdak;duHelIépÞmuxmYy/ épÞmuxenaHk¾caMgRtlb;BYkvaeTAvij b¤ y:agehacNas;k¾caMg
Rtlb;eTAvijmYycMnYnEdr EdlGaceGayeyIgeXIjépÞmux)an . karR)akdeLIgénépÞmuxmYyGaRs½yelI
BnøIEdldak;cuH elIva edaybBa©ÚlCamYynig RbePT sMrar³énépÞmuxenaH / dUcCaBN’ / PaBrelag / nigPaB
RsGab; .
1-2 . Intensity ¬GaMgtg;suIet¦

GaMgtg;suIrténBnøWenAcMcMnucrbs;vaénRbsiT§iPaBedImEdlman bgðajBIPaBc,as;én kardak;bnøW
elIvtßúmYy . BnøWEdlmanlkçN³RsGab;minc,as;RKbdNþb;elIvtßúEdlmanBnøW bgðajEtBN’TTwgb:ueNÑaH .
1-3 . Agle Of Incidence ¬muMenAkñúgRBMEdn¦



épÞmuxmYyEdlmanlkçN³ep¥óg b¤ gakecjBIRbPBBnøWeRcInb:uNÑa enaHvaTTYl)anBnøWkan;Et
ticEdr ehIybgðajecjnUvPaBkan;EtggwteLIg . mMuénépÞmuxmanlkçN³FmμtamYymanTMnak;TMngeTAnig
RbPTénBnøåRtUv)aneKsÁal;dUcCa Angle of Incidence ¬mMuenAkñúgRBMEdn¦ eBlEdlmμuénRBMEdnmantMél 0 dWeRk
¬vaKWCaRbPBénBnøWEdldak;cuHelIépÞmuxtamlkçN³bBaÄr¦ épÞmuxRtUv)andak;BnøWCamYynig GaMgtg;suIet
eBjenAkñúgRbPBBnøW . eBlEdlRBMEdnénmMuekIteLIg / GaMgtg;suIeténkardak;BnøWfycuH .
1-4 . Alternation ¬karbnßy¦

enAkñúgBiPBelakBit / BnøWRtUv)at;ecjedaysarry³cMgay . vtßúEdlenAq¶ayBIRbPBBnøWman
lkçn³kan;Etggit / vtßúEdlenAEk,rRbPBBnøWbgðajnUvPaBkan;EtPøW . plb:HBal;enHRtUv)andwgtamry³kar bnßy .
enAkñúgFmμCati / karbnßyBnøWenAGRtaragjkaermYyEdlmanlkçN³bRBa©as;vaKWCaGaMgtg;suIet
Edl )at;ecjenAkñúgsmmaRtrbs;ragkaeréncMgaycab;BIRbPBBnøW . vamanlkçN³pÞal;sMrab;karbnßy b¤
bEnßmedIm,IeGayFMCageBlEdlBnøWRtUv)anEbkExJkedaysarbriyakas CaBieesseBlEdllMGgFUlIenA kñúg
briyakas b¤ G½BÞ b¤ BBk .
1-5 . Reflected Light and Ambient Light ¬BnøWcaMgpøat nig BnøWsayPayCMuvij ¦

vtßúénBnøWEdlmanlkçN³caMgpøatGacDak;BnøWeTAelIvtþúd¾éTeTot)an . kardak;BnøWelIépÞmux
EdlcaMgpøatkan;EtxøaMg enaHvaEbgEckBnøWeTAkan;vtßúd¾éTeTotenAkñúgbrisßankan;EteRcIn .
BnøWcMnaMgpøatbegáIteGay)anBnøWsayPayCMuvij ¬Ambient Light ¦ BnøWsayPayCMuvijmanÉksNæan
GaMgtg;suIetmYy nigmanTMrg;CakarsayPay . vaminmanRbPBEdlGacemIl)aneTehIyk¾minPaBTisedA
énlkçN³EdlGacemIl)anEdr .
1-6 . Color And Light ¬BN’ nig BnøW¦

BN’énBnøWGaRs½yelIEpñkxøHéndMeNIrkarEdlbegáItBnøW . ]TahrN¾ GMBUlePøWg Tungsten
ecalBnøWBN’ TwkRkUc / elOg / GMBUlePøWgeRbIcMhay)art/ ecalnUvBnøWexov/ s / nig BnøWéf¶ KWBN’elOg / s .
BnøWénBN’GaRs½yedaymanPaBmFüménBnøWqøgkat;pgEdr . ]TahrN¾ / BBkenAkñugbriyakasecal
RbemalBnøWéf¶BN’exov / cMENksñamRblak;enAelIkBa¢k;GacecalBnøWenABN’EdldutxøaMg .
BnøWénBN’nig Additive Colors, BN’dMbUg b¤ emBN’manbIKW Rkhm/ ébtg nig exov (RGB) .
tamry³karbBa©ÚlBN’CaeRcIn/ BN’EdlmanenAkñúgpÞagkøayCamnalkçN³kan;EtPøWeLIg ehIyenATIbMputKW
M
køayCaBN’s .


1- 7 . RbePTénBnøWrbs;vtßú
Omni Light
. Create Panel Lights Omni Button
. Create Menu Light Omni Light
BnøW Omni mYyecalkaMrsμIrbs;vaeTARKb;TisedATaMgGs;edayecjBIRbPBEtmYy . BnøW Omni man
sar³RbeyaCn¾sMrab;karbEnßm “ Fill Lighting” eTAkan;pÞaMgrUbrbs;Gñk /KWCMnucRbPBénBnøWEdlekIteLIgkñúg
eBldMNalKña . BnøW Omni GacecalRsemalnigcMeNal . BnøW Omni EtmYyecalRsemaleTACaRsemal
Spotlight 6 esμI²Kña ehIymanTisedAcg¥úlecjeRkAedaycab;BIcMnuckNþaleTA .

eBlEdlGñkkMnt;EpnTIelIkarelcecjmYy edayBnøW Omni edIm,IeFVIkarBnøyedayeRbIR)as; Spherical,
Cylindrical, b¤ Shrink Wrap, Enviroment Coordinates, EpnTIenaHRtUVBnøyecjtampøÚvEtmYy

EdlvaGacpSaP¢ab;eTAnibrisßan . eBlEdlGñkeRbIR)as; Screen Environment Coordinates or Explicit Map
Chamel Texture Coordinates, nigman Copy cMnYn 6 énEpnTIEdllyecjtamragrgVg;mUl .

BnøW Omni emIlBIelI BnøW Omni emIltam Perspective
Free Direct ¬TisedAesrI¦
. Create Panel Lights Free Direct Button



. Create Manu Lights Directional Light
BnøWEdlmanTisedAecalRsemalCakaMrsμIRsbKñaeTAtamTisedAEtmYydUcCaBnøWRBHGaTitü
¬sMrab;eKalbMNgkñúgkarsakl,g ¦ EdlcaMgmkelIépÞénEpndI . BnøWEdlmanTisedAKWRtUv)aneRbIR)as;edIm,I
cMlgBIBnøWRBHGaTitü . GñkGacsMrbsMrYlBN’énBnøW nig TItaMg rYmTaMgkarbgVilBnøWenAkñúglMhr 3D pgEdr .

BnøWmanTiedAesrIemIlBIelI bnøWmanTisedAesrIemIltam Perspective
Target Direct
. Create Panel Lights Target Direct Button
. Create Menu Lights Target Directional Light
BnøWEdlmanTisedAecalRsemalCakaMrsμIRsbKña eTAtamTisedAEtmYy dUcCaRBHGaTitü
¬sMrab;eKalbMngkñúgkarsakl,g¦ EdlcaMgmkelIépÞénEpndI . BnøWEdlmanTisedARtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;edIm,I
cMlgBIBnøWRBHGaTitü . GñkGaceFVIkarsMrbsMrYlBN’énBnøWnig TItaMg / rYmTaMgkarbgVilBnøWenAkñúglMhr 3D pgEdr .
edaysarEtkaMrsμImanlkçN³RsbKña/ BnøWEdlmanTisedAmanRsemalenAkñúgrUbragdUcCargVg; b¤
ctuekaNEkg RBIsCMnYseGay “Cone” ekan .
Target Spot
. Create Panel Lights Target Spot Button
. Crete menu Lights Target Spotlight
mYyecalRsemaledayepþatelIRsemalénBnøWdUcCa Flashlight, BnøWePøWg Spot enAkñúgerag kun b¤
Spotlight

Head Light . eKaledAén Spotlight eRbIR)as;eKaledAénvtßúmYyedIm,ItMrg;kaemra: .



eKaledAén Spotlight emIlBIelI eKaledAén Spotlight emIl Perspective
Free Spot
. Create Panel Lights Free Spot Button
. Create Menu Lights Free Spotlight
vamanlkçN³mindUcnigeKaledAén Spotlight eT / Free Spot minmaneKaledAénvtßúeT . GñkGac rMkil b¤
bgVil Free Spot edIm,ItMrg;eTATisedANak¾)an .
1-8 . Parameter Rollout of Light
General Lighting Parameter
. Create Panel Lights Create Light General Parameters Rollout
RtUv)anbgðajBIRbePTTaMgGs;énBnøW . karRtYtBinitüTaMgenHeFVIeGay
General Parameters Rollout

BnøWebIk nig biT / sMrbsMrYlelIBN’rbs;va / edayrYmbB©aÚl b¤ karminbBa©ÚlvtßúnanaeTAkñúg pÞaMgrUb nig Select
elIBN’mYyNaEdlCasmasFatupSMénRbsiT§PaBrbs;BnøW .

enAkñúg Modify Panel , General Parameter rollout k¾GnuBaØatieGayGñkpøas;bþÚrBnøWBIRbePTmYyeTA
RbePTmYyeTot .



- Type : pøas;bþÚrRbePTénBnøW . BnøWGacCaRbePT Omni, Target Spot, Free Spot, Target Direct , or Free
Direct light .

- On : eFVIeGayBnøWebIk nig biT . eBlebIkelI On, kardak;Rsemalnigkar Render RtUveRbIR)as;BnøW

edIm,Idak;BnøWenAelIpÞaMgrUb. eBlEdl off RtUvbiT/ BnøWminRtUv)aneRbIR)as;kñúgkar Render eT Default = on
- Color Swatch : bgðajBIBN’énBnøW . Click elI Color Swatch edIm,IbgðajnUv Color Selector dialog

dUcenHGñkGaceRCIserIsykBN’mYyecjBIBnøW.
- Exclude : ykecjnUvvtßúEdl)an Select TaMgLayecjBIRbsiT§iPaBénBnøW. Click elIb‘UtugenH

edIm,Ibgðaj Exclude/ Include dialog .
vtßúEdl)anykecjenAEtecjmkedaymanBnøWRsalenAkμúgRsemal View port. karykecjnaMyk
nUvRbsiT§iPaBeTACamYyenAeBlNaEdlGñk Render elIpÞaMgrUb.
- R, G, B/H, S, V : erobcMelIBN’énBnøWedaykarsMrbsMrYlelIBN’Rkhm/ ébtg nigexovEdlCa

smasFatupSM b¤edaykarsMrbsMrYlelIRsemalénBN’/ PaBggwt nig tMél.
- Multiplier : BRgIkfamBlénbnøWeGayFMtamry³cMnYnviC¢man rWcMnYnGviC¢man. ]TahrN_ ³ RbsinebI

GñkkMnt;tMél Mullitiplier = 2 BnøWnigkan;EtPøWc,as;BIrdg. Mullitipliers k¾manGtßRbeyaCn_sMrab;kardkBnøW
ecjnigkardak;kEnøgEdl Select enAkñúgpÞaMgrUbeGayggwt. Default =1.0.
Affect Surfaces group
sMrbsMrYlelIPaBbRBa©asKñarvagkarpSayénBnøWecjeTAnigkarsayPayénBnøW enAkñúg
- Contrast :

tMbn;énépÞmux. TukkarkMnt;enHeGayenAsUnüsMrab;karbRBa©s;Kñalμm b¤Fmμta. bEnßmtMélrWbnßytMélénPaB
bRBa©asKñasMrab;plb:HBal;Biess ³ ]TahrN_/ BnøWEdlmanBN’eqIteBkénlMhr (Space) xageRkA. Default =
0.0
bEnßmtMélén Soften diffuse Edge enAelIRCugéncenøaHBnøWsayPay CuMvij
- Soften Diffuse Edge:

nigBnøWpSayeTAEdlenAelIépÞmuxmYy. lkçN³TaMgenHCYydl;karkat;bnßyRCugEdlGacbgðajenA
elIépÞmuxénkal³eTs³BitR)akdNamYy. Default = 50
- Duffuse : eBlEdlebIk/ RbsiT§iPaBénBnøWEdlpSayeTAKWCaKuNsm,tþiénépÞmuxrbs;vtßú. eBlEdlbiT/

BnøWminmanRbsiT§iPaBGVIdl;karsayPayelIépÞmuxeT . Default = on
- Specular : eBlEdlebIk/ RbsiT§iPaBénBnøWsÞg;nUvKuNsm,tþiénépÞmuxrbs;vtßú. eBlEdlbiT/BnøWmin

manRbsiT§iPaBeTAelIkarsÞg;KuNsm,tþieT. Default = On ]TahrN_ ³ tamry³kareRbIR)as;RbGb; RtYtBinitü


Diffusenig Specular GñkGacmanBnøWénBN’mYyCa Specular highlights énvtßúenaH/ kñúgxN³Edl
min)andak;BN’enAtMbn;EdlsayPayCMuvijrbs;va bnÞan;mkmanBnøWénBN’TIBIrCabMENkénBnøWEdlpSay
ecjrbs;épÞmux kñúgxN³Edlvamin)anbegáIt Specular highlights.
- Ambient only : eBlEdlebIk/ RbsiT§iPaBénBnøWGacpSaysmasFatupSMrbs;va)anEtenA kEnøg

Edldak;BnøW.
Attenuation Parameters

- Create panel Light Create Light Attenuation Parameters rollout
karbnßyKWCaRbsiT§iPaBedaysarkar)at;bg;eTAénBnøWtamry³cMgay. enAkñúgkmμviFI 3D Max Gñk
GackMnt;tMélya:gc,as;las;elIkarbnßyRbsiT§iPaBrbs;vaGacmanlkçN³ERbRbYlBI BnøIenAkñúgBiPBelakBit
pþl;eGayGñknUvkarRtYtBinitüedaypÞal;BIelIrebobEdlBnøWcaMgcUlkñúgb¤caMgecjeRkA.
- Note : edayKμankarbnßy/ vtßúmYyGacbgðajedaymanlkçN³CMTas;KñaedIm,IkarrIkkan;EtFM eLIg

edaykarrMkilecjkan;Etq¶ayBIRbPBBnøW. TaMgenHbNþalmkBImMuénRBMEdnman lkçN³xitkan;EtCiteTAnig
sUnüdWeRk sMrab;épÞmuxénvtßúeRcIneTot.

karerobcMelIkarbnßybgáreGaymancMgayrvagvtßúmYyeTAmYymanlkçN³kan;EtRsGab;.
tMélBIelIkarRtYtBinitükarbnßysMrab;vtßú. tMélkarbnßy Far kMnt;eLIgnUvcMgaymYyEdl BnøWenA
elxsUnü. tMélkarbnßy Near kMnt;nUvcMgayEdlBnøW “fade in” ¬TaMgcUl¦. karRtYtBinitü TaMgBIrenHGac biT
nig ebIkedaysarknøas;mYyenAfa Use.
eBlEdl Use RtUvkMnt;eGayeRbIsMrab;karbnßy Far,
enaHBnøWnigRbPBrbs;vaeRbIR)as;nUvtMélEdl )ankMnt;edayBN’rbs;varYmnig multiplier controls.



vasßitenAkñúgtMélEdlcab;BIRbPBeTAkan;cMgayEdl )ankMnt;eday Start, bnÞab;mktMélrbs;vaFøak;eTAelx 0
enAcMgayEdl)ankMNt;eday End .

karbEnßmnUv Attenuation eTAelIpÞaMgénrUb

Near Attenuation group
kMnt;cMgayNamYyEdlBnøWcab;epþImGs;eTAkñúg b¤ caMgeTAkñúg.
- Start :

- End : kMnt;cMgayNamYyEdlBnøIeTAdl;tMéleBjrbs;va.

- Use : minGaceGay Near attenuation eTABnøW)aneT

- Show : bgðajBICYrrbs; Near Attenuation EdlerobcMenAkñúg View port . sMrab; Spotlights CYrrbs;

Attenuation bgðajeLIgmanlkçN³CaBMnuHrag Lens-shaped rbs;ekaN . sMrab; Omni Light/ CYr

TaMgenaHbgðajeLIgmanragdUcCa EsVr. tamry³ Default, Near Start KWCaBN’exovcas;ehIy Near End
KWCaBN’exovRsal .
Far Attenuation group
kMnt;cMgayNamYyEdlBnøWcab;epþImcaMgecjeRkA
- Start :

- End : kMnt;cMgayNamYyEdlBnøWcaMgeTAcMnucsUnü



minGaceGay far attenuation eTABnøW)aneLIy.
- Use :

- Show : bgðajBICYrrbs; Far Attenuation EdlerobcMeLIgenAkñúg View port. sMrab; Spotlight CYrrbs;

Attenuation bgðajeLIgmanlkçN³CaBMnuHrag Lens-Shaped rbs;ekan. sMrab;BnøWpÞal;/ CYrTaMgenaH

bgðajeLIgmanragCargVg;EdlCaBMnuHrbs;ekan. sMrab; Omni light rW Spot nig BnøWpÞal;CamYykarebIkelI Bakü
Over shoot CYrTaMenaHbgðajedaymanragdUcCaEsVr. tamry³ Default, Far Start KWmanBN’etañtx©I ehIy Far End

KWmanBN_etañtcas;.
Decay group
¬karBuk¦ KWCapøÚvmYysMrab;bEnßmedIm,IeGayGaMgt;sIueténBnøWmankarkat;bnßytamry³ cMgay.
Decay

- Type : kMnt;RbePTén Decay edIm,IeRbIR)as;. vamanbIRbePTedIm,IeFVIkareRCIserIs.

- None (Default) : kar Apply edayKμan Decay, BnøWEdlrkSaTuknUvfamBlBIRbPBrbs;vaeday

KμanRBMEdn/ luHRtaEtGñkebIkelI Far attenuation.
- Inverse ¬PaBbRBa©as;Kña¦ ³ Apply elI Decay EdlbRBa©asb¤RbqaMgKña. rUbmnþénBnøWKW = RO/R, RO

KWCakaMRbPBBnøWénBnøWRbsinebIKμankareRbIelI Attenuation eT/ rWtMélrbs; Near End énBnøWRbsinebI Attenuation
RtUv)aneRbIR)as; . R KWCacMgaykaMénépÞmuxrbs;BnøW BI RO.
- Inverse Square : Apply elI Inverser-square decay. rUbmnþrbs;vaKW (RO/R)2. enHKWCa Decay

énBnøWEdlmanBitCa “real world”/ b:uEnþGñkGaceXIjfavamanlkçN³kan;EtRsGab;enAkñúgBiPBénkMuBüÚT½r RkahVik.
Shadow Parameters

- Create panel Lights Create a lights Shadow Parameters rollout
RtUv)anbgðajBIRbePTTaMgGs;énBnøW. GñkGaceRCIserIsykBnøWEdl
Shadow Parameters rollout

ecalRsemalRbePTNak¾eday/ ehIyCamYynig Technique Nak¾)an edIm,IbegáItRsemal.

RsemalEdldak;cuHeTA


Rollout enHk¾GnuBaØateGayBnøWecalRsemalkñúgbriyakaspgEdl.
Object Shadow group

kMnt;elIBnøWfμI²faecalRsemalrWGt; Default += on
- On :

- Shodow Method drop-down list : kMNt;elIkar Render NaEdleRbIR)as; shadow map rW Ray-traced

Shadow edImÇIbegIátRsemalsMrab;BnøWenH .

eBlEdlGñkeRbIRsemal Shadow-mapped, bEnßmkarRtYtBinitüenAkñúg Shadow Map Params rollout .
eBlEdlGñkeRbIRsemal ray-traced, bEnßmkarRtYtBinitüelI Ray Traced Shadow Param Rollout.
- Use Global Setting : ebIkelIenHedIm,IeRbIR)as; global setting sMrab;karecalRsemaleday BnøW
TaMgenH.eBlbiTelIenHeyIgminGacRtYtBinitüelIRsemalpÞal;mYy²)aneT.RbsinebIGñkeRCIseriskñúgkarmineRbI
global setting, GñkRtUvEtERCIserIsviFIsaRsþNamYyEdl Render nigRtUvRbIR)as;edImÇIbegáItRsemal

sMrab;lMGgénBnøW . Default = off
eBlEdlebIkelI Use Global setting, Parameters én Shadow map or ray-Traced Shadow
bþÚreTAedImÇIbgðajGñkBIGVICa global Setting.
Data TaMgenHEckrMElkelIRKb;BnøWdéTeToténCan;fñak;enH. eBlEdlbiTelI Use Global Setting,

Parameters én Shadow RtUvkMnt;eTACalMGgénBnøW.

- Color : bgðajBI Color Selector dialog edIm,IeRCIserIsBN’sMrab;karecalRsemaledayBnøWenH. Default
= Black
GñkGaceFVIeGayRsemalénBN’manclna)an.


- Dens (Desity) : sMrbsRmYlelIdg;sIueténRsemal .

eqVg ³ bEnßmdg;sIuetrbs;Rsemal sþaM ³ bnßydg;sIueténRsemal
bEnßmtMélén Density naMeGaybEnßmdg;sIuet (PaBggwt) énRsemal. karbEnßm Dersity eFVIeGay
Rsemalmandg;sIuettic. Default = 1.0 dg;sIuetGacmantMélGviC¢man EdlGacCYykñúgkarcMlgRbsiT§iPaB
éncMNaMgpøatrbs;BnøW. RsemalmanBN’s nig Density mantMélGviC¢maneFVIeGay Render )anCa
RsemalmanlkçN³ggwt /tamry³KuNPaBTaMgenHvaminmanKuNPaBl¥dUc RsemalmanBN’ggwt nig Density
mantMélviC¢manenaHeT . GñkGaceFVI Density manclna)an.
- Map : kMnt;EpnTImYyeTARsemal. BN’rbs;EpnTIRtUv)anbBa¢ÚlpSMKñaCamYynwgBN’énRsemal .
Default = none
ebIkelIenHedImÇIeRbIR)as;karkMnt;EpnTICamYynwgb‘Utug Map. Default = off
- Map check Box :

- Light Affect Shadow Color : eBlEdlebIk / pSMbBa©ÚlBnøWrbs;BN’CamYynigBN’énRsemalmYy ¬rW

Shadow eRcIn / ebIsinRsemalRtUv)anbBaÚ©lCaEpnTI ¦ Default = off

Almosphere Shadows group

karRtYtBinitüTaMgenH GnuBaØatieGaymanRbsiT§iPaBénkarecalRsemalmkelIbriyakas.
- On : eBlEdlebIk/ RbsiT§iPaBénkarecalRsemalmkelIbriyakasKWdUcCaBnøWEdlqøgkat;va. Default
= off
karRtYtBinitüenHmanlkçN³ÉkraCürbs; On EdlCaknøas;sMrab; Object Shadow Fmμta.
+ Note :

BnøWmYyGacecalRsemalelibriyakas b:uEnþvaminEmnCaRsemalFmμtaeT / rW KWCaKuNvibtþiénPaBxus²Kña .
vaGacecalRsemalTaMgBIrya:g rW KWminEmnTaMgBIr.
- Opacity : sRmbsRmYlelIPaBRsGab;énRsemal / tMélenHKWCaPaKry . Default = 100.0



- Color Amount : sMrbsMrYlelIcMnYnénBN’rbs;briyakasRtUvbBa©ÚlCamYynwgBN’énRsemal.
tMélenHKWCaPaKry . Default = 100.0
Projection Parameters.

. Create Panel Lights Create an Omni, Spot, r WBnøWpÞal; Projector Parameter rollout, spotlight
Parameters rollout or Directional Parameter rollout.
GñkGaceFVIeGayBnøWénvtßúmYykøaydUcCakarbBa¢aMgPaBynþedaykareRCIserIsEpnTImYysRmab;BnøW
edIm,IkarbBa¢aMgkun. EdnTIEdl)anbBa¢aMgelIenaHGacCarUbenAnwg rW manclna.

karecalRsemalénkarbBa¢aMgkunedaysarBnøWmYy
sRmab;BnøW Omni, kMnt;BIkarbgðajc,as;las;mYyén Projection Parameters rollout, EdlrYmCamYy
EtkarRtYtBinitüelIkarbBa¢aMgb:ueNÑaH. sRmab; Spotlight , Parameters TaMgenHKWCaEpñkmYyén Spot Light
Parameters rollout. sRmab;BnøWEdlpÞal; / KWCaEpñkén Directional Parameters rollout.

ebIkelIenHedIm,IbBa¢aMgEpnTIEdl)an Select edayb‘Utug Map. biTvavijedImÇIbiTkar bBa¢aMg.
- Check Box :

- Map : eGayeQμaHelIEpnTIEdl)aneRbIsRmab;kardak;bBa¢aMg. GñkGacGUs Mouse

BIEpnTIEdl )ankMnt;NamYyk¾)anenAkñúg Material Editor, b¤ b‘UtugénEpnTIdéTeTót (EdlenAkñúg dialog



Environment) ehIyTMlak;EpnTIenaHenAelIBnøWénb‘Utug Map. Click elI MapedImÇIbgðaj Material / map Browser .
GñkGaceRCIserIsRbePTénEpnTIedayeRbIR)as; Browser bnÞab;mkGUsb‘UtugenaHeTA Material Editor,
ehIyeRbIR)as; Material Editor edImÇI Seect nigsRmbsRmYlelIEpnTI.
Spottight Parameters

. Create panel Lights Create Target Spotlight or Free Spotlight Spotlight

Parameters rollout
bgðajeLIgeBlEdlGñkbegáIt b¤ Select elI Target spot mYy b¤ Free
Parameter rollout of Spotlight

spotlight. Parameters TaMgenHRtYtBinitüelI Hotspots and Falloff, shadow mapping nig enAkñúgkNIén Free

Spotlights, Target Distance.

Light Cone group
TaMgenHRtYtBinitü Hotspots nig Falloff sRmab; Spotlight.
Parameters

- Show cone : ebIkvaedIm,IbgðajBIekan biT b¤ ebIk.
+Note : ConeEtgEtmanlkçN³GacemIleXIjeBlEdlBnøWmYyRtUv)an Select, dUcenHkarRtdagnUv Check

Box enHminmanRbsiT§iPaBeGayeXIjcÇas;rhUtTal;EtGñkedaH Select elIBnøW.

- Overshoot : eBlEdl Overshoot RtUv)ankMnt;/ BnøWecalePøIgeTAtamRKb;TisedATaMgGs;.
eTaHCaya:gNak¾eday / kardak;bBa¢aMgnigRsemalekIteLIgEtenAkñúg Falloff énekanrbs;vab:ueNÑaH.
- Hotspot : sRmbsRmYlelImMurbs;BnøWénekanmYy . tMélrbs; HotspotRtUv)anKitCadWeRk. Default =
43.0
- Falloff : sRmbsRmYlelImMurbs;BnøWén Falloff tMélrbs; Falloff RtUv)anKitCadWeRk. Default = 45.0



kMnt;BIrUbragéntMbn;rbs; Falloff nig Hotspot kMnt;elI Circle eBlEdl
- Circle / Rectangle :

Gñkcg;)anKMrUmYy/ CaBnøWmanragrgVg; . kMnt;elI Rectangle eBlEdsGñkcg;)an)ac;BnøWragctuekaNEkg
dUcCaBnøWEdlecaltambg¥crWmat;TVar.
- Aspect (TidæPaB) : kMnt;elIGnu)aténTidæPaBsRmab;)ac;BnøWragctuekaN b‘Utug Bitmap Fit GnuBaØati
eGayGñkeFVIeGayGnu)aténTidæPaBRtUvKñanwg Bitmap Edl)ankMnt;. Default = 1.0
- Bitmap Fit :
RbsinebITidæPaBénkarbBa¢aMgBnøWmanragctuekaNEkgkMnt;elIGnu)aténTidæPaBedIm,IeGayRtUvKña nwglMGg
Bitmap. vamansarRbeyaCn¾EdlGñkeRbIBnøWdUcCaBnøWsRmab;karbBa¢aMg . emIlelI Projection Parameters.

Projector Map group
karRtYtBinitüTaMgenHeFVIeGay Spotlight køayeTACakarbBa¢aMg. sMrab;dMenIrkarenH emIlelI Projectors
Parameters
- Check box : ebIkelIvaedIm,IbBa¢MgEpnTIEdl)an Select edayb‘Utug Map. biTvavijedIm,I
biTkarbBa¢aMg.
- Map : eGayeQμaHEpnTIEdl)aneRbIR)as;sRmab;karbBa¢aMg
- Target Distance : bgðajBIcMgayrvag Spotlight nigeKaledArbs;va.
edImÇIbegáItBnøWénkMraleday Omni Light
1 - Select Create/ Geometry
eRbI Geometry/ RbGb;nigerobcMCBa¢aMgénkMral bnÞat; duster
2-

3 - eRbIR)as; Sphere nigKUrGMBUlePøIgBIr

4 - eRbIR)as; Torus nigKUreCIgmYyCYrnigGMBUlePøIgmYy

5- Click elI Target nkaemra:/ smμPaBmYyTTYl)annUv]bsKÁmYynigkaemra:kñúg ViewPort

EdlsMercdUcCarUbmYy.
6 - tMrWmelIvtßúTaMgGs;.



7- elI Creat / Light
Click

8- Select yk Omni Light kñúgcMeNamBnøWTaMgT,ay

9- erobcMBnøWegaysßitenAcMTItaMgénBak;kNþalkMBs;rbs;bnÞb; dUcrUb 8- 1
10- eFIVeGayBnøW Omni dUcrUb 3-1 nig erobcMvaeGaydUcrUb 9



11- eFIVeGayRbePTénrUbnImYy² 10-1 nig 11-1 tamry³BnøW Omni énrUb 10 nig BnøW Omni énrUb 11
ehIyerobcMelIva
12- Select elIGMBUlePøIg GKÁIsnImYyenAkñúgCYredIm,IeFIVEpnTI
13- Click elIbUtug Materal Edit
14- Select elIRbehagKMrU TImYyenAkñúg Material Editor Window
15- Click elI Assign Material edIm,Ikar Select elIEpnTI Edl)an Select ehIy
17- bþÚrBN Diffuse nig Ambient dUcrUbenAkñúg Basic Parameter
18- sMrbsMrYlelItMélén Opacity eGayeTAelx 90
19- bþÚrtMélén Specular Highlight eGaydUcCarUbmYy
20- Click elIb‘Utug Render Last ehIybgÁab;elIkar Render



2- CAMERAS
2-1 Cameras
Create Panel - Cameras
kaemr:abgðajeGayeXIjBIpÞaMg TsSnIyPaBmYyecj BIlMGgéncMnucrbs;KMehIj .kaerdak;kaemr:a
elIvtßú CakarcMlgCarUb manlkçN³enAnig fál; rUb EdlkMerIk rWk¾vIedGUkaemr:a EdlmanenAkñúgBiPBelakBit .
CamYynig Camera Viewpoint GñkGacsMrbsMrYlelIkarmr:a dUcCaeBlEdlGñkkMBugEtsMlIgtamkaNugrbs;va .
Camera Viewport GacmanGtßRbeyaCn¾sMrab;kar Edit elI Geometry

k¾dUcCakarerobcMelIpÞaMgTsSnIyPaBsMrab;kar Render . ebIman Camera eRcInGaceGaynUvKMehIjxusKña
enAkñúgpÞaMgTsSnIyPaBEtmYYy .
-Lens: kMnt;elIRbEvgéncMnucrYmrbs;kaemr:aenAkñuúgtMél CamIlIEm:Rt. eRbIR)as; Lens Spinner

edIm,IeGaytMélenAelIRbEvgéncMnucrYm



CatMélepSgeTot BItMél " Stock" bc©úb,nñenAelIb‘Utug kñúgRbGb;
stock Lenses Group eBlEdlGñkbþÚrtMél én Aperture Width enAkñúg Rerder
Seence Diolog Gñkk¾GacbþÚrtMélenAkñuúgépÞ Lens Spinner)anEdr.

lkçN³TaMgenHmin)anpøas;bþÚrKMehIj tamry³ kaemr:aeT b:uEnþvapøas;bþÚrTMnakTMng
rvagtMélrbs; Lens nig tMélrbs; FOV k¾dUcCaGnu)aténTidæPaB
rbs;ekanénkaemr:a .
-FOV Direction Flyout GnuBaØtieGayGñkeRCIserIs BIrebo b Apply
tMé;lénépÞrbs;KMehIj ( For - Field of View )
- Horizontal ( Default ) Apply FoV edaykarepþk . enHKWCaviFIKMrUedIm,IkMnt; nig
vas;RbEvg Fov .

- Vertical : Apply Fov edaykarbBaÆr
- Diagonal : Apply FOV edaykarbBa¢it cab;BIRCugmYy enAkñúg Viewport eTAkan;RCugmYyeTot

- FOV : kMnt;BIépÞTUlayéntMbn;rW kEnøgmYyEdlkaemr;aGac View eXIj .

- Orthographic Projection : eBlEdlebIk KMehIjrbs;kaemr:a manlkçN³dUcCa User view .
- Stock Lenses Group 15 mm , 20mm , 24 mm , 28 mm , 35 mm , 50 mm , 85 mm , 135 mm , 200mm :
tMélEdlbgðajTaMgGs;enHsMrab;kMnt;BIRbEvgéncMnucrYmrbs;kaemr:a KitCamIlIEm:Rt .
- Types : pøas;bþÚrRbePTénkaemr:aedaycab; BI Target eGayeTACa free Camera and Vice Versa .
- Show Case : bgðajBIekan ¬ CaFmμtaKWCaBiraIidmYy ¦ Edl)ankMnt;edayépÞrbs; kaemr:a rbs;KMehIj .
ekanbgðajecj enAkñúg Viewport d¾éTeTot b:uEnþmin)anbgðajenAkñúg Camera Viewport eT .
- Show Horizon : bgðajBIbnÞat;epþk . bnÞat;EdlmanBN RbepHcas;bgðajecj enAkMrit énEpñkepþk
enAkñuúg View port rbs; Camera .



bnÞat;epþkEdl)anbgðajenACitEpñkxagelI énpÞaMgrUb
Environment Ranges Group
- New Range and Far Range : kMnt;BIRBMEdn énCYrCit nig CYrF¶ay sMrab;karkMnt; BIRbsiT§PaB
elIbriyakas enAkñúg Environment dialog .
vtßúEdlenAcenøaH RBMEdnBIr ecalRsemalenAcenøaHtMél Far % nig Near % .
- Show : bgðajragctuekaNEkg EdlenAkñúgekanénkaemr:a edIm,IbgðajBIkarkMnt; elI CYr Near and Far .
Clipping Places Group
erobcMelI Option edIm,IkMnt;elI Clipping Planes . enAkñúg Viewports Clipping Planes
RtUv)anbgðajedaymanragctuekaNEkgBNRkhm ¬ CamYynig RCugbBa¢itKña ¦ EdlenAkñúgekanénkaemr:a .
- Clip Manually : ebIkelIenHedIm,IkMnt; Clipping Plans eBlEdl Clip Manually RtUvbiT
Geometry NaEdlxiteTACit kaemr:a elisBI 3 Unit minRtUv)anbgðajeGayeXIjeT . edIm,IrMlgelIva . eRbI
Clip Manually .
- kMnt;elIépÞrabCit nig F¶ay . vtßúEdlxiteTACit Near Clipping Plane rW
Near Clip and Far Clip :

XøateTAF¶ay Far Clipping Plans minGacemIleXIjedaykaemr:aeT . RBMEdnéntMélrbs; Far Clip KW 10
ebIeFobnig tMéleBj 32 . CamYYy nig karebIkelI Manual Clipping, Near Clipping
PlaneGacxiteTACitkaemr:aedaytMél 0>1 Unit .

- Caution : tMélFMbMputén Far Clip GacbegáIteGaymankar error elIvtßúGENþt ( Floating - Point

Error ) EdlGacbgáreGaymanCabBaða Z- buffer enAkñúg Viewport dUcCavtßúbgðajeT,IgenAcMeBaH muxvtßúd¾éTeTot

eBlEdlminKYrbgðaj .



RbsiTi§PaBén Clipping Planes
Mutli- Pass Effect Group
karRtYtBiniüTaMgenHGnuBaØatieGayGñkkMnt;yk Depth - of - field rW Motion Blur EdlmanRbsiT§iPaBenAkaemr:a .
eBlEdlvaRtUv)anbegáIteT,Igedaykaemr:a RbsiT§PaB TaMgenHbegáIteGay)anCasñam RbT,ak;edaykar Render
elIpÞaMgrUbenAkñúgkarqøgkat;Ca eRcInCamYynig kar Off sets . BYkvabEnßmeBlsMrab;kar Render .
- Tip : Depth- of field and Motion Blur vamanRbsiT§PaBy:agBiessenAelIKñaeTAvijeTAmk .

BIeRBaHvasMGagelIkarqøgkat;nUv kar Render CaeRcIn Apply vaTaMgBIreTAkaemr:aEtmYYy GacCa
karyWWty:agxøaMgmYy . RbsinebIGñkcg;eRbIR)as; Depth- of - field and motion blur enAkñúgpÞaMgrUbEtmYy RtUveRbI
Depth - of - field CaeRcIn¬ eRbIR)as; Parameter énkaemr:aTaMgenH

ehIybB©ÚalvaCamYyvtßú motion Blur .
- Enable : eBlEdlebIkelIenH edayeRbIR)as;elIRbsiT§PaB eyIgGaceFIVkar Preview and DRedner .
eBlEdlbiTRbsiT§PaBminRtUv)an Render eT .
- Preview : Click edIm,I Preview emIlelIRbsiT§PaB enAkñúg Camera Viewport EdlmanskmμPaB .

b‘UtugenHminmanRbsiT§PaBGIVeT RbsinebI Viewport EdlmanskmμPaB minman Camera View .
- Effect Drop- down list : GnuBaØatieGayGñkeRCIserIsykRbsiT§PaB én multi - pass

NamYYyedIm,IeFIVkarbegáIt Deptth-0f- Field and motion Blur . RbsiT§PaBTaMgenHmanlkçN³y:ag
BiesseTAel;IKñaeTAvijeTAmk . Default Depth of Field
-Note : Rollout sMrab;kareRCIserIsnUvkarbgðajeT,Ig BIRbsiT§PaB tamry³ Default bnÞab;BI Parameters rollout .

- Render Effects Per pass : eBlEdlebIk Apply RbsiT§PaB énkar Render

RbsiT§PaBebImankarkMnt;GIVTukehIy edIm,IeGaykarqøgkat;nImYy²rbs;RbsiT§PaBénkarFøg;kat; eRcIn .
eBlEdlbiT Apply RbsiT§PaBénkar Render )anEtbnÞab;BIkarqøgkat;EdlbEgáItRbsiT§



PaBénkarqøg;kat;eRcIn . Default- off karbiTelI Render Effects per pass GaceFIVeGayeBlsMrab; Render
ekIneT,Ig sMrab;RbsiT§PaBénkarqøg;kat;eRcIn
- Target Distance : CamYynigkaemr:aesrI kMnt;cMnucmYyedIm,IeRbIR)as;vaeTACaeKaledAEdl
emIlmineXIjmYy dUcenHGñkGac orbit kaemr:aCMuvijcMnucenaH . CamYynig Target Camera
cg¥úlR)ab;BIcMgayrvagkaemr:a nig eKaledarbs;va .
edIm,IbegáIt Camera and Clipping
1- eRbIR)as;ragsIuT,aMgmUlenAkñúg Create/ Geometry edIm,IbegáItsresrragmUl 4 dUcrUb ehIyerobcMelIva
2- Click elI Create/ Camera edIm,I Select eKaledArbs;kaemr:a
3- begáItkaemr:amYyenAkñúg Top viewport edIm,IkMnt;BI TItaMgrbs;kaemr:a
4- rMkileKaledArbs;kaemr:a eTAkan;vtßúNaEdlGñkcg;dak;TItaMgva
5- Select ykRbePTénkaNugrbs;kaemr:a Edl)ankMnt;TukbnÞab; BIkarerobcMelIkaemr:a
6- Viewport bMElgeTACa Viewpot rbs;kaemr:a RbsinebIGñk Click elIGkSr C enAkñúg Viewport Nak¾eday



7- BinitüelI Clip Menu enAkñúg Clipping Planes nig tMélrbs; Near nig Far Edl)anvaybBa¢ÚlehIy
8- kMnt;tMélrbs; Near eGayenAcMkNþalsrsrragmUlTImYy
9- kMnt;tMélrbs; Far eGayenAcMBak;kNþalsrsrragmUlcugeRkay eK
10- GacemIlvaeXIj enAEpñkxagmux nig EpñkxageRkayrbs;srsr ragmUlkøayeTACa Clipping ¬karkat;¦
enAkñúg Camera Viewport



CMBUkTI 4

Image Material Mapping

1- Material Editor
- Main Toolbal - Material Editor
- Rendering Menu- Material Editor
Material pþl;eGaynUvmuxgaredIm,IbegáItnig
Editor Edit elIM Material and maps .

sMPar³TaMgT,aybegáIteGay)anrUbPaBmanlkçN³BitenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb . sMPar³mYyBNnaGMBI
rebobEdlvtßúenaHmancMNaMg rWbBa¢ÚnBnøW . KuNPaBénsMPar³eFIVkary:agCitsñIT ( hand- in -hand)
CamYynigKuNPaBénBnøW kareGayRsemal rwkar Render EdlbBa¢ÚlvaTaMgBIrenh CakarcMlg rW EkøgeFIVBIrebob
EdlvtßúGaceXIjdUckñúgkarerobcMva eGaydUckñúgBiPBelakBit .
Sample Slots



Material Deditor - Sample Slots display

Slot KMrUTaMgenHGnuBaØatieGayGñkrkSaTuk nig Preview emIlsMParH nig
Maps . Slot nimYy² Preview eGayeXIjsMParHmYyrW Map mYYy .

GñkGac pøas;bþÚrsMPar³ tamry³karkareRbIR)as; Material Editor
Controlnig GñkGackMnt;sMPar³enH TAkan;vtßúCa eRcInenA kñúgpÞaMgrUb .

viFIEdlgayRsYlbMputedIm,IeFIVva KWGUssMPar³enaHecj BI Slot KMrUeTAkan;vtßúEdlenAkñúg Viewports .
- Important : kñúgxN³ Material Editor Gac Edit sMParHminelIs BI 24 kñúgeBlEtmYYy

pÞaMgrUbGacpÞÚknUvcMnYnsMPar³eRcInKμankMnt; . eBlEdlGñkkMBugEt Edit elIsMPar³mYy
ehIy)ankMnt;vaeTAkan;vtßúenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbEdr ¬rW begáItfIμmYyeTot ¦ ehIy edit elIva .
GñkGacbgðajecjnUv slot KMrUmYyenAkñúg Windown rbs;vapÞal; . karBeRgwkelI stot KMruenh
GaceFIVeGayvamanlkçN³kan;EtgayRsYledIm,IkarPreview emIlsMParH . GñkGacEkTMhM window
Edl)anBRgwkenH)an edIm,IeFIVeGayvakan;Et FM . edIm,IBRgwkeli stot KMrU RtUv double click vlIva rW click mouse
sþaM ehIyeRCIserIsykBakü magnify ecjBI menu Edlelatecjmk .
Hot and cool Material
slot KMrUmYymanlkçN³ekþA "hot " eBlEdlsMPar³enAkñúgslot enaHRtUv)anelIvaeGayeTACaépÞmuxmYy rW
eRcInenAkñúgpÞaMrUb . eBlEdlGñkeRbI Material Editor edIm,IsMrbsMrYlelI slot KMrUekþAmYYy
sMPar³EdlenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbenHk¾dUrenAeBlEtmYyEdr .
enARCugEkg én Slot KMrUmYyvacg¥úlbgðaj BIsMPar³NaEdlCaRbePTsMPar³ekþA .
- No triangle : sMPar³minRtUv)aneRbIR)as; enAkñúgpÞaMgrUbeT
- outline White triangle : CasMPar³ekþA n½ymü:ageTot KW vaFøab;ekItmanmþgenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb .
karpøas;bþÚrEdlGñkeFIVelIsMPar³enAkñúg Slot KMrU nigpøas;bþÚrsMPar³EdlbgðajenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb .
- Solid White triangle : sMPar³enHminRtwmEtekþAeT EtvaRtUv)ankMnt;eTAelIvtßúEdleTIbnig Select ehIyfμI .



eFVg sMPar " Hot " RtUv)ankMnt;elIvtßúEdleTIbEt Select ehIyfIμ²
kNþal sMPar³ "hot " RtUv)ankMnt;enAelIpÞaMgrUb EtvaminEmnCavtßúEdleTIb select ehiyeT
sþaM sMPar³ "Cool " vamanskμPaB EtminTan;)ankMnt; rW eRbIkñúgpÞaMgrUbeT
Material Editor Tools

Material Editor Tools enAxageRkam nig enAxagsþaMén Slot KMrUenAxageRkam nig xagsþaM én materia Editor rbs;
Slot KMrU KWCab‘Utut nig karRtYtBinitüd¾éTeTot EdlGñkeRbIR)as;vaedIm,IeFIVkarRKb;RKg nig pøas;bþÚrsMPar³ nig map .

b‘UtugenAEpñkxagsþaM SlotKMrU
- Sample Type
. Material Editor - Sample Type
b‘UtugenHenAelI Sample Type eRCIserIsykRbePTénvtßúEdl preview eXIj Edl)aneRbIenAkñúg Slot

KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB
- backlight
ebIkelI Backlight edIm,IbEnßmBnøWxageRkayeTA slot KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB



- background
ebIkelI background edIm,ibEnßmBNCaeRcInEdl)anBInitüehIy eTAkan;épÞxageRkam én Slot
KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB . RklaénépÞxageRkamGacCYy)aneBlEdlGñkcg;eXIjRbsiT§PaBénPaB
RsGab;rwttmøaPaB .
- Sample UV Tiling
b‘UtugenAkñúg Sample UV Tiling EdlsMrbsMrYlelIkareFIVeT,Igvij
- Video Color Check
Video Color Check BinitüelIsMPar³EdlenAkñúgvtßúKMrU sMrab;BNnaEdlenABIeRkay NISC rW Pal Threshold

suvtßPaB .
- Make preview , Play preview , Save Preview GñkGaceFIVeGay maps kMerIk)anedIm,IbEnßm clna
eTAelIpÞaMgrUb . ]TahrN¾ edIm,IeFIVkarcMlgKMehIj énépÞemX GñkGacbMBak;nUvclna énBBkrsat;eTAkan;
Clerestory Window . Make Preview option GnuBaJatiþeGayGñkeFIVkarBiesaFn¾ CamYy nig RbsiT§PaBenAkñúg

Material Editor muneBlEdlGñk apply vaeTAkñúgpÞaMgrUb .

- material editor option dialog
Material editor option dialog RtYtBinitüBIrebobEdlsMPar³ nig maps RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúg slot KMrU .

-Select by material
Select by material beNþayeGayGñk select vtßúCaeRcInenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbEdlGaRs½yelIsMPar³ enAkñúg material

Editor b‘UtugenHminGacdMeNIrkar)aneT Tal;Et slot KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB
pÞúknUvsMPar³Edl)aneRbIenAkñúgpÞaMgrUbehIy .
- Material / Map Navigator
Material/ Map Navigator KWCa dialog m:UEdlmYYyEdlpþl;eGaynUvkarsÞg;emIl y:agrh½s tamry³lMdab;fñak;én

maps rw sMPar³ rW énsMPar³bnÞab;EdlpSMKñaenAkñúgsMPar³mYYy .

- Get Material
Get Material bgðajecjnUv material / map Browser edIm,IGnuBaØatieGayGñkeRCIserIssMPar³ rW map

- Put material to Scene



Put material to scene sMrab; update elIsMPar³mYyenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb bnÞab;BIGñk editor elI material kar put material
to scene GacdMenIrkar)anEteBlEdl sMPar³enAkñúg slot KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB )ankøayeTACamaneQμaHdUcKña nig

sMPar³enAkñúgpÞaMgrUb Edr ehIysMPar³enAkñúg slot KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB KWvaminekþAeT .
- Assign material to Selection
Assign material to selection kMnt;sMPar³enAkñúg slot KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB eTAkan;vtßúEdleTIbnig select

ehIyfμI² rW vtßúTaMgT,ayEdlenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb . enAeBlenH slot KMrUERbkøayCaekþA .
- Reset map/ mH to Default setting
Reset map/ mH to default setting sMrab;kMnt;tMélmþgeToyeTAelI map rW sMPar³EdlenAkñúg slot

KMrUEdlmanskmμPaB . BNTaMgT,ayrbs;sMPar³RtUv)anykecj nig kMnt;vaeGayeTACaRsemal BNRbepH .
PaBEcgcaMg PaBRsGab; nig epSg²eTot RtUv)an kMnt;eTAtMél EdlCa default rbs;BYkvavij . maps
RtUv)ankMnt;eTACasMPar³Edl)anykecj .
- make material copy
Make material copy eFIVeGayRtCak; cool nUv slot KMrUEdlekþAtamry³kar copy sMPar³eTAxøÜn

vapÞal;. slot KMrUenaHmin)anenAekþAeTAeToteT b:uEnþsMPar³enAEtcaMTuknUvKuNPaB nig eQμaHrbs;va .
GñkGacsMrbsMrYl elIsMPar³edayminmanplb:HBal;eTAelIpÞaMgrUbeT . eBlEdlGñkTTYlnUvGIV
EdlGñkcg;)anmþgehIy GñkGac click elI put material to scene edIm,I update sMPar³enAkñúg pÞaMgrUb
ehIypøas;bþÚr slot KMrUeGayeTACaekþAmþgeTot)an .
- make unique
make unique sMrab;begáIt map mYyeGayeTACa copy EdlmanEtmYykt; . vak¾GacbegáIt

sMPar³bnÞab;BIEdlenAQrdac;EtÉg . vapþl;eGaysMPar³bnÞab;CaeQμaHsMPar³fIμmYy . sMPar³rag rWsMPar³bnÞab;
KWmanlkçN³dUcCasMPar³mYyEdlenAkñúg multi / sub- object material . eRbIR)as; make unique
edIm,IkarBarkarpøas;bþÚreTACasMPar³kMritxçs; (top- level) Edl)an BI RbsiT§PaBrbs;sMPar³rag ¬ sub material )
EdlenAkñúg multi / sub- object material .
- put to library
Put to library sMrab;bEnßmsMPar³Edl)an Select eTAkan;bNÑl½y
- Material Effects Channel


b‘UtugEdlenAelI Material Effects Channel bgðajCapøaksMPar³mYYydUcCaeKaledAsMrab; RbsiT§PaBén kar Render
edayGaRs½yelI G - Buffer Channel rW sMrab;karrkSarUbPaBEdl)an Render ehIyeday Save va enAkñúg RLA
( rla) rW RPF ( rpf) file Format .

- Show Map in Viewport
Show Map in Viewport bgðajecj BI sMPar³Edl)anbMBak;ehIy enAelIépÞmuxrbs;vtßúnanaenAkñúg Viewport
CamYYynig kar Render pgEdr
- Show End Result
Show End Result GnuBaØatiþeGayGñkemIlelIsMPar³enAkMritEdlGñkkMBugsißtenA CMnYseGaykar
emIlelIlT§plbBa¢ab;énkarbMBak;sMPar³TaMgT,ay rW karerobcMTaMgT,ay .
- Go To Parent
Go to Parent sMrab;rMkilsMPar³fμI²eT,IgelImYykMriteTot

- Go Forward To sibling
Go forward to sibling sMrab;rMkilsMPar³eTAkarbMBak;fIμ rW eTAkMritdUcKñasMrab;sMPar³fIμ .

1-1 Material Type
sMPar³CaeRcInbegáIteGay)anCaPaBemIleTAmanlkçN³dUcrbs;BitenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb. sMPar³mYy
BNnaBIrrebobéncMNaMgpøat rbs;vtßúrWkarbBa¢ÚnBnøW . GñkGackMnt;sMPar³elIvtßúpÞal; NamYYy rW kMnt;elI kar
Select pÞaMgrUbEtmYYyGacpÞúknUvsMPar³xus²KñaCaeRcIn . sMPar³xusKña k¾mankareRbIR)as;xus²KñaEdr .
Standard Material
Material Editor - type button - Material / Map Browser - Standard

Shader Basic Parameters rolloutGnuBaØatiþeGayGñkeRCIserIsRbePT GñkeGayRsemalkñúgkareRbI CamYYysMPar³
Standard mYYy . karbEnßmkarRtYtBinitüxøHmanplb:HBal;BIrebobEdl sMPar³bgðaj eT,Ig .

- Shader drop- down list : sMrab;eRCIserIsGñkdak;Rsemal . GaRs½yedaykardak;RsemalEdlGñk
eRCIserIs basic parameter rollout rbs;sMPar³Gacpøas;bþÚr eTACakarbgðajeGayeXIjkarRtYt
BinitüsMrab;kardak;RsemalenH . lkçNHEdlGaceRCIserIs)anKW



- Anisotropie : sMrab;épÞmuxCamYyrageGlIb " anisotropic highlights "
- Blinn : sMrab;épÞmuxragmUl kar highlights Rsal² CaCagkardak;Rsemal phone .

- sMrab;épÞmuxCaelah³Fatu .
Metal :

- Multi - Layer : sMrab;épÞmuxeRcInCamYykarkar Highlight s sμúksμaj Cag Anisotropic .
- oren- Nayer- Blim : sMrab;épÞmuxEdlCab;;kNþaj;Kña dUcCasac;RkNat; rW Terra- cotta .

- Phong: sMrab;épÞmuxEdlrwgmaM kar highlights manragrgVg;mUl

- Strauss : sMrab;épÞmuxCaelah³ rWGelah³ . Strausss Shader manépÞmuxxagkñúg gay eRbI
Cagkardak;Rsemald¾éTeTot . Blinn KWCa Default sMrab;RbePTénkardak;Rsemal
- Wire: sMrab; Render EdlenAkñúgmUd Wire frame . GñkGackMnt;TMhMrbs;ExSlYs ¬wire) enAkñúg
extended parameters .
- eFIVeGayvtßúmanmuxBIrsgxag . Apply sMPar³eTAkan;cMehogTaMgBIrénépÞmux Edl)an Select .
2- Side :

- face Map: Apply sMPar³eTAépÞmuxrbs; Geometry RbsinebIsMPar³enaHRtUv)anbMBak;sMPar³ ehIy

vatMrUveGayminmankarRbtibtþielIkarbMBak;eToteT . karbMBak;enaHva Apply v

edaysV½yRbvtþieTAmuxnImYy²rbs;vtßúenaH .
- Faceted : sMrab; Render muxnImYy²enAelIépÞmux edayvarabesμI

Basic Parameter rollout
Anisotropic Basic parameters rollout

kardak;Rsemal Anisotropic begáIt)anépÞmuxCarag
eGlIb nig Anisotropic highlights .



kar Highlight TaMgenHval¥sMrab;kareFIVm:UEdlsk; kBa¢k; rW Rcas;Edk .
Parameter RKWHmanlkçNHRsedog KñaeTAniwg phong or Blinn Shadig ,

elIkElgEt Specular Highlight Parameter or diffuse level Control
dUcCasMrab; Oren - Nayar - Blinn Shading .
Anisotropy vas;RbEvgénPaBxusKña rvagTMMhM én Highlights Edl)aneXIjBI TisedAbBaÆrBIr . eBlEdl

Anisotropy esIμsUnü vaminmanPaBxusKñaTal;EtesaH . highlight manragrgVg;mUl dUcCaenAkñúg phong or Blinn

Shading . eBlEdl Anisotropy esIμ 100 manPaBxusKñrbs;va KW manGtibrma . enAkñúgTwsedAEtmYy
highlight manragRsYcNas; enAkñúgTisedAdéTeTot vaRtUv)an Binitü eday Glossiness EtmYYy .

- Ambient : RtYtBinitüelIBNEdlsayPay . BNEdlmanlkçN³sayPay
KWCaBNEdlminenAkñúgTisedAénBnøW .
- Diffuse : RtYtBinitüelIBNEdlpSayecj eTA . BNEdlmanlkçN³sßitenAkñúg TisedAénBnWø .
- Specular : sMrab;RtYtBinitükasÞg;emIlBNBIcMgay . BNEdlsÞg;rUbrag rbs; highlight
enAelIvtßúPøW . GñkGacRtYtBinitüTMMhM nigrUbragrbs; highlight enAkñúg Specular Highlight Group
Edlerobrab;xageRkam enH .
- Opacity : kMnt;elIPaBRsGab;/ tmøaPaB rbs;sMPar³KitCatMélPaKry . RbsiT§PaBKWCakar Preview
Edll¥bMput sMrab;emIlRklaenAépÞxageRkay kñúg Slot KMrU . GñkGacRtYYtBinitüelIPaBRsGab;EdlFøak;enAkñúg
Extended Parameters .
Click elIb‘Utug Map edIm,IkMnt;BIsmasFatupSMenAkñúgPaBRsGab; .
Self- Illumination Group
karRtYtBinitüTaMgenH eFIVeGaysMPardak;BnøWedayxøÜnvapÞal; . Self- illumination

begáItnUvkarPan;PaMgmYYyénPaBekþAeT,IgBNstamry³karCMnYsRsemalenAelIépÞmuxCamYYnig
NnEdlpSayecjeTA . edayGñkbEnßmtMél Self- illumination BNrbs; Self- illumination
RKab;BIelIBNEdlsayPayecj . enAkñúgkMnt;tMél 100 sMPar³bgðajnUvtMbn;EdlKμan ecalRsemal
EtvaGacbgðaj Highlight manragrgVg;mUl .
- diffuse Level : RtYtBinitüelIPaBPøWrbssmasFatupSMénBnøWpSayecjeTArbs;sMPar³ . karbEnßmtMél
va nigbnßyPaBPøWrbs;BnøWedayKñanplb:HBal;elIkarsÞg;elI Highlight eT .



GñkGactMelIgkMritrbs;BnøWpSayecjeGayxçs;CagtMél diffuse color's value ¬ enAkñúgcMNar HSV rbs;va ¦
parameter enHGactMerobCYrtMélcab;BI 0 eTA 400 . Default = 100
Specular Highlight group
- Specular level : manRbsiT§PaBelIGaMgtg;sIueténkarsÞt; highlight edayGñktMelIgtMél highlight
manlkçN³kan;EtPøW . Default = 5 click elIb‘Utug map edIm,IkMnt; map mYyeTAsmasFatupSMénkMrit
rbs;karsÞg; . emIlelI Specular level mapping b‘UtugenH KWCaBakükat;
Gñkk¾GackMnt;karbMBak;nUvkarvas;sÞg;enAkñúg map rollout . edayGñktMelIgtMélva highlight

manlkçN³kan;EttUceTA ehIysMPar³bgðajecjkan;EtPøWc,as; . Default = 25 click elIb‘Utug map edIm,IkMnt;
map mYYyeTAsmasFatupSMrbs; glossiness .

- Anisotropy : sMrab;BinitüelI anisotrophy rWrUbrag rbs; highlight enAtMél 0 highlight manragmUl .
enAtMél 100 highlight manlkçN³ceg¥otkan;EtxøaMg . G½kSmYYyrbs;RkahV én highlight bþÚreTACakarbgðajBI
bMlas;bþÚrenAkñúg parameters . Default = 500
- Orientation : sMrab;pøas;bþÚrkartMrg;pøÚvén highlight . slot KMrUbgðajBIkarpøas;bþÚrtMrg;pøvenH .

vaKWCatMélEdlKitCadWeRK EdlGacenAkñúgCYrcab;BI 0 eTA 9>999 . Default = 0
- Highlight graph : ExSekagEdlRbsBVKñaTaMgBIrenHbgðajBIRbsiT§PaB énkarsMrb sMrYlelItMélrbs;

Specular level, Glossiness and Anisotropy edayGñktMelIgtMél Glossiness
ExSekagmanlkøN³kan;EtTUlayeT,Ig edayGñktMelIgtMél Specular level ExSekagmanlkøN³kan;Etxçs; .
edayGñksMrbsMrYlelI Anisotropy ExSekagBNsERbeTACakarbgðajBIrebobEdl Highlight manlkøNTUlay
rWceg¥ot .
Extended Parameters rollout

extended Parameters rollout manlkøN³ dUcKña
sMrab;RbePTénkardak;RsemalTaMgGs;rbs; standard material
vamankarRtYtBinitüedaymanTMnak;TMng nig tmøaPaB
ehIynigcMNaMgpøatk¾dUcCa option sMrab; wire mode pgEdr .
Topic enHpÞúknUvtaragén index of refraction sMrab;sMPar³EdlCalkøN³rUbsaRsþ . lkøN³TaMgenH

GacRtUv)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;begáIt Standard Material CamYynig tmøaPaBEdlmanlkøN³Bit² .



Fall off :eRCIserIs Faulloff kñúg rWeRkANak¾)an nig viFIénPaBGs©arürbs;va .
- In : tMelIgtMéléntmøaPaBeGayeFçaHeTAEpñkxagkñúgénvtßúdUcCa dbEkvmYYy .
- Out : tMelIgtMéléntmøaPaBeGayeFçaHeTAEpñkxageRkAvtßú dUcCaEpSgénBBk .
- Amt ( Amount) : kMnt;cMnYnrbs;tmøaPaBEdlsMrab;dak;enAxageRkA nig enAxagkñúg .
- type: karRtYtBinitüenHsMrab;eRCIserIsBIviFIEdltmøaPaBRtUv)an Apply . Filter elIkMuBüÚT½r Filter
BNmYyEdlmaneRcInedaysarBNenABIeRkayépÞmuxføa . Click elI Color Swatch edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrBN Filter .
Click elIb‘UtugedIm,IkMnt;karbMBak;mYyelIsmasFatupSMrbs; Filter Color Sub stractive dkBNecj

BIépÞxageRkayénépÞmuxføa
- Index of Refraction : kMnt;elI Index of refraction ( IOR) Edl)aneRbIR)as;edaykarbMBak;dMeNIrén kaMrsIμ nig
danén)ac;BnøW . EpñkeFVgenAelI 1>0 IOR rbs;xül; vtßúEdlenABIeRkayvtßúføa min)aneFIVeGayxusPaBedImeT .
enAtMél 1>5 vtßúEdlenABIeRkaymankarxusPaBedImy:agxøaMg dUcCa m:abkBa¢k; . enAeBlEdl IOR
mantMéld¾tictYcCag 1>0 vtßúenHcaMgtamRCugrbs;va dUcCa BBuHEdlemIleXIjenAeRkamTwk . Default = 10
Wire Group
- Size :kMnt;TMhMrbs;ExSlYs enAkñúg Wire frame mode . GñkGackMnt;tMélCa pixel rWk¾tMélCa unit Nak¾)an .
- In : eRCIserIsBIviFIkñúgkarvas;RbEvgExSrlYl
- Pixels ( Default) : v:as;RbEvgExSrlYlCa Pixels . CamYYy pixels ExSlYsrkSanUvkMras;
EdlGacemIleXIjdEdl edayminb:HBal;CamYYynig maRtdÐanén Geometry eT rW b:HBal;CamYYy Cit
rWq¶ayEdlvtßúsßitenAenaHeT .
- Units : v:as;RbEvgExSlYsKitCa Units enAkñúg 3 ds Max . CamYy unit ExSlYsbgðajeT,Igkan;EtesþIg enAkñúg
cMgaymYYyehIyva bgðajkan;EtRkas; eBlEdlvaxit eTACitCYr dUcCaRbsinebIBYkvaRtUv)aneFIVCa model
enAkñúg geometry .
Reflection Dimming Group
karRtYtBinitüBIcMNaMpøat énPaBRsGab;enHeRbIsMrab;bMBak;vadUcCa Rsemal .
- Apply : ebIkelIvaedIm,IeRbIR)as;cMNaMgpøatEdlmanlkøN³RsGab; .
eBlEdlbiT karbMBak;cMNaMgpøat elIsMPar³minmanRbsiT§PaBedaykarmanvtþman rW GviC¢manrbs; BnøWpÞal;eT .
Default = off



- Dim Level : KWcMnYnénPaBRsGab;Edldak;sMrab;Rsemal . enA 0>0 karbMBak;cMNaMgpøak
KWmanggwtTaMgRsugenAkñúgRsemal . enAtMél 0>5 karbMBak;cMnaMgpøat KWmanlkøN³ RsGab; Bak;kNþal .
enAtMél 1> 0 karbMBak;cMnaMgpøat minmanPaB RsGab;eT ehIysMPar³bgðajecj eday Apply RtUvbiT .
Default = 0.0 tMélén Dim Level ticCag 1>0 bnÞab;cMnaMg pøat enA kñúg TItaMgRtUv)anPøWedaypÞal; . eRbItMélTI

BIr Reflection level edIm,IeFIVkarTUTat; eTAnigRbsiT§PaBenH .
- Refl. Level : RbsiT§PaBrbs;GaMgtg;sIuet éncMNaMgpøat minEmnCaRsemaleT . tMélén Reflection
level mankMriténkardak;BnøWeRcInénTItaMgEdlRtUv)anbMPøWedaycMNaMgpøat edIm,ITUTat;Ca mYyPaB EdlRsGab; .

kñúgkrNIPaKeRcIn tMélén Default 3.0 rkSaTuknUvcMNaMgpøatenATItaMgEdl - Map rollout
Map rollout rbs;sMPar³mYYyGnuBaØtieGayGñkcUleTA ehIykMnt;elIkarbMBak;eTAsmasFatupSMCaeRcIn rbs;sMPar³ .

GñkGaceRCIserIsRbePTénkarbMBak;ecjBIlkøN³epSg²CaeRcIn

- Ambient Color Mapping : GñkGac Select yk bitmap file
mYYyrWykTMrg;karbMBak; edIm,IbMBak;vaeTAelI
rUbPaBmYYyeGayeTACaBNEdlsayPaBecjrbs;sMPar³ .rUbPaBRtUv)
anlabBNenAelIkarEpñkénkardak;Rsemalrbs;vtßú .
- Diffuse Color Mapping : GñkGac Select yk bitmap file mYyTMrg;énkarbMBak;edIm,IkMnt;Rkla rW Texture
eTAelIBNEdlpSayecjrbs;sMPar³ . BNénkarbMBak;enaHsßitenACMnYs eGaysmasFatu pSMén
BNEdlpSayecjrbs;sMPar³ . enHKWCaRbePTTUeTAbMputsMrab;karbMBak; karbMBak;BN
EdlpSayecjmanlkøN³dUcCa KYrrUbmYYenAelIépÞmuxrbs;vtßú . ]TahrN¾
RbsinebIGñkcg;)anCBa¢aMgmYyEdleFIVBIdæ GñkGaceRCIserIskarbMBak;CamYYyrUbPaB éndæ dUcCa bricks .
Diffuse level Mapping
GñkGac Select yk bitmap file rW k¾TMrgénkarbMBak;edIm,IBinitüelI difusse level Parameters . Pixels

BNsenAkñúgbMBak; eFIVeGaykMriténBnøWédlpSayeTAminGacpøas;bþÚr)aneT . Pixels



BNexμAkat;bnßykMritBnøWEdlpSayeTAeGayeTACa 0 . tMélEdldak;Pøam²sMrbsMrYlelIkMritBnøW
EdlpSayeTAtamkarsmKYr .
Diffuse Roughness mapping
GñkGac yk bitmap file mYYy rW TMrgénkarbMBak;edIm,IBinitüelI Roughness parameter enAelIRKwHén
Select

parameters rollout . Pixels BNsenAkñúgkarbMBak; eFIVeGaybEnßmPaBKeRKIm . Pixels BNexμA

eFIVeGaykat;bnßyPaKKeRKImeTAtMMél 0 . tMélEdldak;Pøam² sMrbsMrYl elIPaB KeRKIm eTAtamkarsmKYr
Specular Color Mapping
GñkGac Select yk bitmap file rWTMrg;énkarbMBak;edIm,I Apply rUbPaBmYYyeTAkan;smasFatupSMén Specular
rbs;vtßú . rUbPaBEdlbMBak;bgðajeT,Ig Apply rUbPaBmYYyeTAkan;smasFatupSMén Specular highlight b:ueNÑaH .
eBlcMnYn Spinner enAtMél 100 BNén SpecularTaMgGs;RtUv)an pþl;eGay edaykarbMBak; . karbMBak;
Specular RtUv)aneRbIR)s;dMbUgsMrab;RbsiT§PaBBiessdUcCakardak; TIkEnøg vtßúmYyenAkñúgcMNaMgpøat .
GIVEdlsMxan;kñúgkarcgcaMenaH KW Specular level mindUcKña nig Glossiness mapping eT
EdlvasMrab;bMEpøgGaMgtg;sIuet nig TItaMgrbs; Specular Highlights ehIy Specular mapping
sMrab;bMEpøgBNrbs; Specular highlight .
edIm,I Apply elIkarbMBak; Specular color
1- eRbIR)as; Teapot rbs; create / Geometry edayKUr):an;EtmYYy
2- Apply UVW Map enAkñúg Modify
3- RbePTénkarbMBak;RtUv)ankMnt;TukenAkñúg Spherical
4- Apply Material editor
5- yk slot KMrUdMbUgeK ehIyerobcMkarbMBak;eTAelIvtßú
Select

6- Click elI Assign Material edIm,I Select elIb‘Utug
7- emIlelI TMhMrbs; Specular level enAkñúgCYr edIm,IeFIVkarBRgwk muxkat; nig TTYl)an BnøW mkelI)an;Et
8- click elIb‘Utug Specular colar maps enAkñúg map rollout



9- Select yk Bitmap
10- EsVgrkRbPB én Bitmap Edlcg;)anehIy play vaedIm,IebIk ¬enAkñúgrUbxageRkam C: /3dmax/ map/
background / lake- mtimage )
11- karbgðajecjBIrUbPaBEdleyIg)an Select KWvacaMgpøasenAelIb‘Utug Map
12- Click elI Render Last edIm,I render elIrUbPaB
13- vahak;dUcCasMPar³RtUv)anbegáItehIy edIm,ITTYlyknUvBnøWsrbs;vtßú



Opacity Mapping
GñkGac Select yk rW TMrgénkarbMBak;edIm,IbegáItEpñkvtßúmYyeGaymantmøaPaB . PaBkan;EtPøW ¬
bit map file

highter- value) enAkñúgTIkEnøgénkarbMBak; RtUv RenderedaymanPaBRsGab;

TIkEnøgEdlTTYlPaBggwtkarRender KWmanlkçN³PøWfaø cMeBaHtMélenAcenøaHenH KWBak;kNþal tmøaPaB ¬ Semi-
Transparent )
erobcMelI Amount rbs;PaBRsGab;énkarbMBak;eGayeTACa 100 ehIy apply karbMBak;TaMg Gs;eTA .
kEnøgEdlmantmøaPaB KWvamanenAeBjenaHTaMgGs;Etmþg . kMnt; Amount eTAtMél 0
EdlesμIeTAnigkarbiTral;karbMBak;TaMgT,ay . tMélrbs; amount RtUv)anrYmbBa¢ÚlKñaCa mYYytMél rbs; opacity
EdlenAeli Basic Parameters rollout . tMbn;EdlmanPaBføarbs; karbMBak;RtUvkøayCa manPaBkan;EtRsGab; .
edIm,IbegáItkarbMBak;EdlmanPaBRsGab;
1- eRbIR)as; Teapont enAkñúg Creat/ Geometry ehIyKUr)a:n;EtmYYy
2- Click elI modify edIm,I apply UVW map



3- Apply UVW Map enAkñúg Modify
4- RbePTénkarbMBak;RtUv)ankMnt;enAkñúg Spherical
5- Apply Material editor ehIy select yk slot KMrUdMbUg
6- Click Assign material edIm,I)ankar Select elIb‘Utug
7- Click elIb‘Utug Opacity map enAkñúg map rollout
8- Select RbePTén Checker Map enAkñúg Material / Map browser
9- GñkGacemIleXIjRbGb;éndialog Checker Parameter
10- vaytMélbBa¢Úl ¬ U : 4, V: 4) edIm,IkarbMBak;dækar:U
11- pøas;bþÚrBN checker color # 1 and Color # 2 eGayeTACaexμA nig s . BIeRBaHenAkñúgPaBbMBak;PaBRsGab;
eFIVeGaykan;EtPøW ¬tMélkan;Etxçs;¦ TIkEnøgénkarbMBak;RtUv
Render eGaymanPaBRsGab; TIkEnøgEdlkan;Etggwt RtUv Render eGaymanPaBføa .

12- Click elI Render Last edIm,IeFIVkar Render
13- vamanlkçN³tmøaPaB ehIyEpñkrbs;):an;EtmYy manBNexμA EdlRtUvKña nig karemIlkñúg
Checker ehIyEpñkEdlmanBNs emIleTAeXIjPaBRsGab; .



Bump Mapping
GñkGac Select yk bitmap File mYYyrW TMrgénkarbMBak; edIm,IeRbICamYYy Bump Mapping . Bump Mapping
begáIt)anvtßúmYyEdlelcecjedaymanlkçN³TgÁicKña rWmanépÞmuxEdlmanlkøN³ xusBIFmμta . eBlEdlGñk
Render vtßúmYyedaysMPar³ Bump- mapped TIkEnøgEdlkan;EtPøW ¬kan;Ets¦ edaykarbMBak;bgðajecj

edaymanlkøN³egIbxçs; ehIyTIkEnøgEdlkan;Etggwt ¬kan;EtexμμA ¦ edaykarbMBak;
bgðajecjedaymanlkçN³cuHTab .
Reflection Mapping
GñkGac select yk bitmap file mYy rWTMrg;énkarbMBak;edIm,IeRbIR)as;CakarbMBak;nUvcMNaMgpøat .
edIm,IbegáItkarbMBak;cMNaMgpøat
1- begáIt)anEtenAkñuúg Viewport NamYYyk¾)an
2- Click elI UVW Map enAkñúg modify rollout edIm,I Apppy UVW Map



3- Select RbePT karbMBak; Spherical EdlenAkñúg Mapping Rollout
4- Click elI Materaila Editor

5- Select elI Slot KMrUdMbUg

7- Click elIb‘Utug Relection enAkñúg Maps rollout

8- Select RbePTén Bitmap edIm,IbMBak;EdlenAkñúgRbGb; diolog Material / Map Browser .

9- EsVgrkRbPBén Bitmap Edlcg;)an ehIy play vaedIm,IebIk ¬enAkñúgrUbxageRkam KW C: / 3d max / map/
background/ lake- mt image )
10- Select rUbPaB bitmap NamYyEdlGñkcg;)an
11- Click ok
12- Click elI Render last b‘Utug EdlenAelI Toolbar
13- GñkGacemIleXIjsMPar³EdlcaMgeRBok² RtUv)anbegáItecj BI):an;Et .



Multi/ Sub- Object Material
Multi/ Sub- object material GnuBaØati eGayGñkkMnt;TukNvsMPar³xus³KñaenAkMrit sub object level én Geometry
rbs;Gñk . GñkbegáItrbs;mYyEdlpSMedaysMPar³eRcIn kMnt;vaeGayeTACavtßúmYy bnÞab;mkeRbIR)as; Mesh Select
Modifier edIm,I select elIépÞmuxTaMgenaHehIy eRCIserIsyk sMPar³ rgNamYYy¬ sub material )

EdlenAkñúgsMPar³eRcIn TaMgenH (multi- material ) Edl)ankMnt; Tuk enA kñúgépÞmuxEdl)an Select .
edIm,IbegáIt Multi/ Sub- Object material
1- begáIt RbGb;mYy ¬beNaþay ³ 100 TTwg ³ 100 kMBs;³ 100 kMNat; (Segments ) 2X2X2)
2- ClickelI Edit Mesh enAkñúgtarag modifier edIm,IkMnt;rag polygon ID rbs;RbGb;Edl)an Select

3- Select yk polygone enAkñúg Selection rollout

4- Select EpñkxagelI xiteTAeFVg énRbGb; Polygon enH dUcrUb 4



5- bnÞab;mkeGaytMélelx ID enAkñúg surface properties rollout én command panel

edIm,IeFIVeGaytMélelx ID esμI 1 cMeBaH Polygon NaEdl)an Select
6- eFIVdUcxagelIeT,Igvij edayyk Item = 5 edIm,IbegáIt Polygon ID2 eGayenAEpñkxagelI
xiteTAsþaMénRbGb; Polygon
7- eFIVdUcxagelIeT,Igvij edayyk Item = 5 edIm,IbegáIt polygon ID3 eGayenAEpñkxageRkam xiteTAsþaM
én RbGb; polygon
8- eFIVdUcxagelIeT,Igvij edayyk item = 5 edIm,IbegáIt pologon ID 4 eGayfycuHeTAEpñkxagsþaM énRbGb;
polygon

9- bnÞab;BI Apply tMélelx id eTA polygon ehIy biTelI sub- object ehIy ClickelI UVW Map b‘Utug
enAkñúgtarag modifier
10- Select RbePTénkarbMBak; elIRbGb; enAkñúg Mapping rollout

11- ClickelI Material / Map editor EdlenAelI toolbar



12- yk Slot KMrUdMbUg
Select

13- Click elI Assign Material edIm,I)ankar Select elIb‘Ytug
14- bþÚrRbePTén Material BI Stander eTACa Multi / Sub- object Material
15- Select elI Multi/ Sub- object Material

16- Select elIsMPar³cas;Edl)ane)aHbg;ecal edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrsMPar³y:ageBjlkçN³

17- Click elIkarbMBak; BN Material ID edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrBNEdlGñkcg;)an . RKb; ID
nImYy²)anKuNtMélrbs;BNdéTeTotEdl)ankMNt;TukehIymanlT§PaBemIlelI polygon )an y:aggayRsYl
Edlman y:agsmKYr enAkñúgpÞaMgrUbmYYy .
18- GñkGacpøas;bþÚrBN)an
19- click elI .close bnÞab;BIeRCIserIsBNehIy



20- click elIb‘Utug material ID
21- Click elI diffuse Color map button
22 Select yk bitmap enAkñúg material / Map Browser
23 Select rUbPaB Bitmap EdlGñkcg;)an

24- eRbIR)as; Go to Parent / Go to Sibling edIm,IeTAtMél 1 énkMritdMbUgrbs; Multi/ sub- object
25- Click Material ID 2 map button
26- Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color map
27- Select yk Bitmap enAkñúg material / Map Browser
29- Click elIb‘Utug Render Last enAelI Toolbar
30- bnÞab;mkGñkGacemIleXIjRbGb;EdlmanpÞaMgrUbbYnxusKña elI Polygon nImYy²



Double Sided map
sMPar³ Double- side GnuBaØatiþeGayGñkkMnt;yksMPar³BIrxusKña dak;enAépÞxagmux nig épÞxageRkayrbs;vtßú .
edIm,IbMBak; Double - Sided
1- Click elI Create / Geometry edIm,IKYrEsVgenAelI Viewport NamYYy

2- Click elI Edit mesh enAkñúgtarag modifier edIm,Ikat;EpñkxagelIénEsVr
4- lubEpñkxagelIrbs;EsVrecj dUcrUbTI 4
5- vamanlkçN³minEmnCarUbPaBénEpñkxagkñúgrbs;EsVreT . BIeRBaHkmμviFI Max bgðajBIkarEckpÞaMgrUb
EtcMeBaHépÞmuxmYyénvtßúmYysMrab;eBlevlaEdlsMéckñúgkarbegáItvtßúehIy vaminRtUv)anbMBak;eTAelIépÞxagkñúgeT .
6- Click elI Mouse sþaM BIvtßúmYyedIm,IemIlEpñkxagkñúgrbs;vtßú . bnÞab;mkvabgðaj ecjnUv RbGab; shot
cut dialog . Select elI properties edIm,IbþÚrPaBenACMuvij Property rbs;vtßú .

7- BinitüelI Backface Cull Item edIm,IemIlépÞxagkñúgrbs;vtßú
8- eBlenHGñkGaceXIjépÞxagkñúgrbs;vtßú



9- Select elIEsV‘ nig Apply UVW Map ehIy Select RbePTénkarbMBak; CamYy Sphericla .
10- select elI Fit enAkñúg alignment ehIy mapping RtUv)anbegáItecjBIvtßúBitR)akdmYy .
11- click elI Material editor ehIy Apply Material
13- Apply vaeTAelIvtßú Edl Click mYyedIm,IeGay Assign material eTACakar Select elIb‘Utug
14- Click elI Standard ehIyebIk dialog énRbePTrbs; Material
15- Select elI Double Sided Material kñúgcMenamRbePTsMPar³CaeRcIn
16- Click elIb‘Utug map én Facing material kñúgcMenam basic Parameter rbs; Double Sided Material
17- Select elIkarkMNak; Diffuse
18- Select yk bitmap mYy enAkñúg Material / Map Browser
19- kar Select eTAelI c : / 3d max / maps/ backgrounds/ background map be


20- Click elIb‘Utug Back Material Map
21- Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map
22- Select elI checker map enAkñúg material/ map Browser
23- bEnßmtMél Tiling x= 4, y= 4 edIm,IEbgEckrUbPaB Checker
24- Click elIb‘Utug Render last én Main Toolbar
25- rUbPaB Checker bgðaj BIrUbPaBxagkñúgrbs;Es‘Vr ehIyrUbd¾éTeTot bgðajBIrUbPaB xageRkA



Matte / Show Material
Matte / show Material GnuBaØtieGayGñkbegáItvtßúeBjlkçN³ ¬rW subjects NamYYyrbs;épÞmux ¦
eGayeTACavtßúmanlk<N³CadMu EdlbgðajecjBIkarbMBak;brisßan . vak¾GacTTYlnUv Rsemal Edlecal
mkelIva BIvtßúEdlminmanlk<N³CadMuenAkñúgpÞaMgrUb . eday eRbIR)as; ticnikenH GñkGacecalRsemal rW eFIV
background tamry³siT§RbTan kñúgkarksag vtßúCadMumanPaBCadMu ehIydak;TIkEnøgrbs;BYkva enAcMeBaHmuxépÞmux

EdlmanlkçN³Rbhak; RbEhl KñaenAkñúg Background .
edIm,IbegáIt Matte/ Shadow Material
1- eRbIR)as;RbGb;mYy nig ):an;Etrbs; ¬ Create / Geometry ehIydak;RbGb;enABIelIRbGb; dUckñúgrUb
2- Select Rendering / Environment én menu Bar enAkñúgCYr edIm,IeGayrUbPaBmYyemIlenAkñúg background
3- Click background map button / map Browser
4- Select elI Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map browser
5- Select rUbPaB bitmap mYYyEdlcg;)an . eyIgeRbIR)as; C:/ 3d max/ map / background / lake - mt
image here



6- elIb‘Utug Render last én
click main toolbar . vamanRbGb;mYy nig ):an;EtmYyenAkñúg background

EdlmanrUbPñMenAkñúgTwk .

7- begáItnUveKaledABnøWdUcrUb 7 enAEpñkxageFVg xiteTAelIRbGb;
8- varMkiltamlMdab;lMedayedIm,IeTAkan;EpñkxagelIénRbGb; sMrab; cMnuceKaledAén eKaledA bnøW
9- BinitüelI Shadow éneKaledABnøW RsemalmYYyrbs;)a:n;Et RtUv)anbBa¢ÚneTAkan; Epñk xag elIénRbGb;
10- Click elIb‘Utug Render Last enAkñúg main toolbar
11- RsemalmYyrbs;):an; Et KWecaleTAelIRbGb; . eTaHCay:agenHk¾eday ):an;Etbgðaj edayXøat ecjBI
background eRBaHEtRbGb;

12- eRbI mette/ shadow CamYyRbGb; edImI,eGayrUbPaBkøayCamanlkçN³Bit²



13- Click elI Material Editor edIm,I Apply sMPar³mYYy
15- Apply vaeTAkan;vtßú EdlClick elI Assign Material edIm,Ikar Select elIb‘Utug
16- Click elI Standard nig ebIkelI dialog énRbePTrbs; materail
17- Select elI Matte / Shadow Material kñúgcMenamRbePTsMPar³CaeRcIn
18- BinitüelI Receive Shadow Item
19- Click elIb‘Utug Render Last én main Toobar
20- vahak;dUcCaRbGb;min)anbgðajecj enAelIpÞaMgrUbeTot eT ehIymanRsemal rbs;);an;Et EtmYyeT
EdlelatecjenAelIépÞTwk ehIy):an;Et)aneTAkan;TwkedIm .



2- map types ¬RbePTénkarbMBak;¦
kareRbIR)as;TUeTAsMrab;karbMBak; KWedIm,IeFIVeGayrUbragrbs; materail kan;EtRbesIreT,IgehIy man
lkçN³dUcvtßúBit . Gñkk¾GaceRbIR)as;karbMBak;edIm,IbegáItbrisßanCMuvij rWkarbBa©Mgecj BIBnøWpgEdr .
karbMBak;edIm,IbegáItbrisßanC;Muvij rWkarbBa¢aMgecjBIBnøWpgEdr . karbMBak;GaccMlgyk Textures , Apply kar
Designs cMNaMpøat dMeNIrgakénkaMrsIμ nig RbsiT§iPaBdéTeTot . edaykareRbICamYysMPar³
karbMBak;bEnßmnUvPaB lMGit edaymin bEnßmPaBsμúksμaj eTAelI Geometry énvtßúeT . ¬
karEdlmin )andak;karbMBak; GacbEnßm PaBsμúksμaj vij .


2-1 karyl;dwgBIRbePTénkarbMBak;
RbePTénkarbMBak;xus² Kña begáIteGay)anCaRbsiT§PaBxusKñaEdr ehIysMEdgeT,IgenAkñúgpøÚv Biess NamYy .
vaGacbBa¢ÚlKñaeTACasMPar³eRcIn)an .
karbMBak;CalkøN³2 D KWCarUbPaBEdlmanEtBIrTis ehIyRtUVv)anbMBak;tYy:agdUcCaenAkñúg épÞmuxrbs;vtßú
Geometry rWeRbIR)as;dUcCakarbMBak;brisßanxageRkAedIm,IbegáIt background sMrab;pÞaMgrUb . karbMBak; 2 D

y:aggayRsYlbMputKW bitmaps nig RbePTénkarBbMBak; 2D d¾éTeTotEdl)anbegáItedayTMrg;kar .
karbMBak;CalkøN³ 3 D KWCaRklaEdlRtUv)anbegáItenAkñúgTMrgkarénTisbI . ]TahrN¾ fμm:abmanRKab;tUc²
EdlenAtam Geometry Edl)ankMNt;enaH RbsinebIGñkcg;kat; ecjnUvEpñkrbs;vtßúedayyk fμm:ab mkeFVICa
Textue rbs;va EpñkxagkñúgRtUvEtsIuKña rWRtUvKñaCamYy Epñk xageRkA .

Compositor KWsMrab;tak;EtgeT,IgBIBN rwkarbMBak; d¾éTeTot Color Modifier sMrab;bMElgBNCa Pixels

enAkñúgsMPar³ cMeBaH " other " Category KwrYmbBa¢ÚlCamYy nig karbMBak;Edl begáIt)an CacMNaMpøat nig
dMeNIrénBnøW .
2-2 taragrbs;RbePTénkarbMBak;
2 D Map Types
RbePTénkarbMBak; 2D dUcKña nig bitmap rWdMeNIrkarénkarbegáItRkla 2 D

-Bitmap : rUbPaBmYyEdl)an Save manlk<N³dUcCakartMerobKña én Pixels
enAkñúg file format rbs;rUbPaB enAnig dUcCa tga tmp nig d¾éTeTot rW
fileEdlmanclnadUcCa avi, fle or ifl .

¬karmanclna KWmandMeNIrkarCabnþbnÞab;Kñad¾sMxan;rbs;rUbPaB enAnwg¦ .
Bitmap Nak¾eday rWRbePT file rbs; karmanclna Edl 3D Studio 3Ds Max

Supports CamYyKña GacRtUv)aneRbIR)as; dUcCa bitmap enAkñúgsMPar³ .

- Bricks: sMrab;begáItdæ rWkar:Ud¾éT eTotEdlCasMPar³ CamYynig
BNkarbMBak;sMPar³ . rYmbBa©ÚlCamYykarkMnt;RkladæEbb Architectural .



- Checker sMrab;bBa¢ÚlBNBIrenAkñúgRkal
: Checker .

GñkGacCMnYsBN)anedaykarbMBak;vij .

- Gradient : sMrab;begáItCabnÞat;CMral rWCMralrag Radial rbs;BNbI .
- Gradiant Ramp : begáUItnUvRbePTepSg²CaeRcInénCMral
edayeRbIR)as;BN’CaeRcIn karbMBak;CaeRcIn ehIybBa¢Úl
KñatamEdlGñkeRCIserIs .

- Swirl : begáItCaragTwkKYc ¬Spiraling ) EdlCaRklarbs;BNBIr
rWkarbMBak;BIr

3D Map Types
karbMBak;manlkçN³ 3D TaMgenHrYmbBa¢Úleday

- Cellular : begáItCaRkla rag Cellular

EdlmanRbeyaCn¾sMrab;eRbICamYyRbsiT§PaBEdl
eyIgemIleXIjCaeRcInRbePTrYmCamYynigkarU:man lkçNH CafμEkv
épÞmuxragdMuRKYsrYmTaMg épÞTwk smuRT pg Edr .
- Dent : begáItCaTisbI Edldl;KñaenAelIépÞmuxEt1
- Fall off : begáIttMélelxsMrab;BIBN s eTABNexμA
EdlGaRs½yelI Fall off manmuxeRcInrbs;épÞ muxFmμta enAelIépÞrbs;
Geometry
karbMBak;Edlmanlk<N³saMBaMJúenHpþl;eGaynUvkarbt;Ebny:agxøaMg
enAeBlEdlbegáIt Falloff énPaBRsGab;



ehIycMnYnmYyénRbsiTi§PaBd¾éTeTot dUcCa Fresnel , light , Shadow
nig Distance Blend .
- Marble : cMNgRKab;tUc²rbs;fμm:ab CamYynig
BNc,as;las;BIr ehIyk¾manBNTIbIekIteT,IgPøam²Edr .
- Noise: begáItCaRklamanPaBreBaJréBaJ rWmanlkçN³clacl
enAkμúgTisbI . dUcCa checker enAkñúg 2D vaGaRs½yelIBNBIr
ehIyk¾GaceFIVkarbMBak;)andUcKña

- particle Age : bMElgBN ¬rWkarbMBak;¦ énlMGgmYyedayGaRs½yelICIvitrbs;lMGg .
- Particle M Blur : bMElgPaBRsGab;GIVEdlenAmuxeK nig danEdlenAeRkayrbs;lMGg
edayGaRs½yelIGaRtaénkarkMerIkrbs;BYkva (MBlur EdlmanlkøN³xøIsMrab; motion blur )
- Perlin Marble : KWCakarpøas;bþÚrevn dMenIrkarénkarbMBak; fμm:abCamYynig RklaEd;lmanPaB rjréj: .

- Planet : cMngeRkag nigrUbragénBiPBmYy Edl)aneXIjenAkñúglMhr .
- Smoke : begáIUt)anCacMerok rbs;)at Edlman Rklarejréj:
edIm,IcMngRbsiT§iPaBénEpSgenAkñúg)ac;BnøW
rWlkøN³CaBBkdéTeTot lMhUr RbsiT§PaB én karbMBak; .
- Spekle : begáItépÞmuxvagcMNuctUc²sMrab; begáIt

RklaénépÞmuxEdlGaccMlgyksila Granite ¬Rkanik¦ nig
sMPar³Edl Rsedog Kña déT eTot .
- Splat : begáItbMENk énRklaédl
manlkøN³RsedogKña nig kar)ac rWsacT½k .
- Stucco : begáItbMENkénRklaEdlman lkøN³Rsedog
nigsIum:g;EdlebokCBa¢aMgeRKIm² .
- Water : begáItCaTwk rW rlktamry³ karbegáItcMnYn
éncMnuckNþalrbs; Spherical Wave nig
EckcayBYkvatamlkøN³ Random .


- Wood : begáItCaeQImanlkøN³ 3D

nigmanRklaCaRKab;tUc² .
Computer Map Types
vamanRbePTénsmasFatupSMCaeRcIn ³ enAkñúgdMeNIrkarénrUbPaBrUbPaBCaeRcInpSMbBa¢ÚlKñaeday
kardak;BIelIKñanuvrUb BIr rWeRcIn .
- Composite : karpSMnUvkarbMBak;Ca eRcIn . vamindUc
Mix eT Composite minmankarRtYtBinitü c,as;las;elIcMnYn

énkarlaybBa¢ÚlKña eT . vaCMnYseGay mUldæanRKWHrbs;cMnYn
énkarbBa¢ÚlKña énelI alpha channel énkarbMBak; .
- Mask : KWCakarbMBak;mYyEdl RtYtBinitü
BIkEnøgEdlkarbMBak;TIBIrRtUv)an Apply eTAelI épÞmux .
- Mix : layBNBIr rWkarbMBak; BIrbBa¢ÚlKña
GñkGacsMrbsMrYlelIcMnYnén karlayenH
edayeRbIR)as;kMritkñúgkarbBa¢ÚlKña EdlGñkkMnt;yk
kMritkñúgkarbBa¢ÚlKñaenHk¾Gñk bMBak;sMPar³ )anEdr .
- RGB : bBa¢ÚlnUvbMBak;BIrtamry³plKun én RGB nig tMél
Alpha rbs;BYkva .

Other
TaMgenHrYmbBa¢ÚlnUvRbePTénkarbMBak;EdlbegáItnUvcMNaMgpøa k
nig dMeNIrrbs;BnøW .
- Flat mirror : begáItcMNaMpøat sMrab;épÞmuxrab .
GñkkMnt;vaeTAkan; épÞmuxCa
eRcInCaCagkMnt;vaenAelIvtßúTaMgmUl .
- Raytrace : begáItnUvPaBeTogTat; BitR)akd Raytrace
eBaleBjedaycMnaMgpøat nig dMeNIrénBnøW .



- Reflect / Refract : begáItnUvcMnaMgpøat nig vgárgSI
edaysV½yRbvtþi vaGaRs½yelIvtßúEdl enACMvij nig brisßanCMuvij .

- Thin Wall Refraction : begáItdMenIrénBnøWedaysV½yRbvtþ karcMlgvtßú nig brisßanCMuvij
EdlRtUv)aneXIjtamry³sMPar³EdlmanlkøN³ PøWvavgárgSIdUcCa Ekv rWTwk .



CMBUkTI 5
Sinthetic Image and Graphic
Image Editing

1- To Create Windows
eyIgKUsbBa¢ak; BITMhM én Window mYy ehIyEktMrUvelIsßankarN¾tamry³BMnu H nig rUbPaB ¬hVasad ¦
rbs;GaKar EdlQb;enAkñúgCYredIm,IbegáIt Window ehIyRtUvEtbegáItva .



edIm,IbegáItbg¥Üc
1- Clcik elIb‘Utug Create enAkñúg Command Panel
2- Select elI shape Command enAkñúgCYredIm,IKUrvtßú 2 D mYy

3- Select elI Rectangle Commend enAkñúgCYredIm,I Select ragctuekaNEkg
4- Click nigGUs mouse enAelI Front Viewport edIm,IKUrragctuekaNEkg
5- vayTMhMrbs;ctuekaNEkgeTACa parameters rollout
6- T,úvenHctuekaNEkgRtUv)ankMnt;enAkñúg Viewport

7- Click elI modify button enAkñúg Command Panel
8- Select elI edit spline enAkñúgtarag modifier

9- EbkelI Sub - object edIm,I select elI spline
10- Select Spline enAkñúg Selection rollout

11- Select ragctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Front Viewport



12- eRbIR)s; outline ehIyvaybBa¢ÚltMéldUcCaTTwgrbs;bg¥Üc
13- lUvenHGñkGaceXIjTMhMénbg¥Üc ragctuekaNEkg cak;tamBumçEdl)aneGay .

14- Select elI Extrude enAkñúgCYr edIm,IeGaykMras; eTABumçbg¥Üc
15- tMélén Amount RtUv)anedaybBa¢Ú©ldUcCa kMras;énBumçbg¥Üc Edr
16- GñkGaceXIjkMras;rbs;enAkñúg Viewport
17- ClickelI mouse sþaM enAelI Snap Icon kñúgCYredIm,IeFIVeGayb‘Utug Snap enaHman skmμPaBedIm,I Apply 3D
Vertex Snap
18- BinitüelIExSbBaÆrenAkñúg Grid and Snap Setting dialog box
19-Select elIb‘Utug Rectangle enAkñúgRbePTrUbragrbs;vtßú edIm,IbegáItkBa©k;elIbg¥Üc
20-emIlelIBum<bg¥Üc enAcMnuc Tap xagkñúg ehIyKUsragctuekaNEkgdUcrUb 20



21-cMnYntMélénkarBnøÚtRtUv)ankMnt;dUcCakMras;rbs;kBa©k;Edr
22-Select elI UVW Map enAkñúgCYredIm,I Apply sMPar³eTAkan;kBa©k;
23-BinitüelIRbGb;énRbePTkñúgkarbMBak;sMPar³enAkñúg Mapping Rollout
24-Click elI Material / Map Editor
25-Select elI Slot KMrUdMbUg
26-Click elI Assign Material edIm,I)ankar Select elI Button
27-pøas;bþÚrelI Diffuse Odor Edlcg;)an
28-Click elI Map Rollout edIm,I Apply sMPar³



29-shRbtibtþikarelI Opacity dUcenHtmøaPaBRtUv)ankMnt;enAkñúgkBa©k;mYy
30-Click elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map
31-Select elIRbePTénkarbMBak; Raytrace enAkñúg Material / Map Browser
32-BinitüelI Reflection
33-eRbIR)as;BN’ Background , ehIyBN’rbs;kBa©k;RtUv)ankMnt;Tuk
34-Click elI Render Last edIm,IeFIVkar Render
35-eyIgGaceXIjsMPar³kBa©k;mYyCamYynwgtMélxøHénPaBcMNaMgpøat



2-edIm,IbegáIteRKOgsgðarwm³
eRKOgsgðarwmmansar³sMxan;sMrab;CIvitRbcaMéf¶ Edl)aMgbiTedayERK /ekAGI /GagTwk nigRbePT
éneRKOgsgðarwmxus² KñaCaeRcIneTot . eyIgnwgerobvaeTAtamlMdab;lMeday edIm,IBinitüemIl
énTIenHénkarpliteRKOgsgðarwmTaMgGs; tamry³viFIsaRsþedIm,IKUrfttumYy .
edIm,IKUrfttumYy³
1-Click elI Create / b‘Utug Shape edIm,IbegáItvtßú 2D
2-Click elI b‘Utug Rectangle enAkñúgRbePTénvtßú
3-Click ehIyGUsb‘Utug Mouse edIm,IKUrragctuekaNEkgenAkñúg Viewport NamYy
4-eFIVkarsMrYlelITMhMénctuekaNEkg ehIyTMhMedIm rWTMhMRKwHrbs;fttuKWRtUv)anvaybBa©ÚlehIy .
5-Click elIb‘Utug Modify elI Command Panel
6-Select elI Edit Splint button enAkñúgtarag Modifier
7-ebIkelI Sub-Object edIm,I Select ExSbBaÄrenAkñúg Selection Rollout



8-Click elIb‘Utug Refine enAkñúg Geometry Rollout rbs;ExSbBaÄr edIm,IbEnßmkMBUlenAkñúg ragctuekaNEkg .
9-bEnßmkMBUldUcrUb 9 EdlenAcMkNþalénkMNat;xageRkamrbs;ctuekaNEkg .
10-Click elIb‘Utug Select nig Move edIm,IrMkilkMBUl
11-eRbIR)as; Bezier Corner , nigkarEkERbehIy dUcrUb 11 manPaBRsTn;
12-bþÚrBIkMBUleTACa Splint enAkñúg Selection Rollout edIm,I Copy vtßúEdl)anpøas;bþÚrehIy .
13-Click elIb‘Utug Scale
14-Gus Mouse CamYybU‘tug Using a Shift + Scale edIm,IKUskarkat;bnßyvtßú .
15-Binitü Copy enAkñúgekar Option Dialog Box



16-Select elI Select nig Move Button enAkñúg Todbar
17-Select elIrUbPaBEdlFMCagenAcenøaHvtßú 2
18-Click elIb‘Utug Extrude enAkñúgtaragModiyier
19-vaybBa©ÚltMél Amount dUcCakMBs;rbs;fttu
20-GñkGacemIleXIjépÞrbs;fttuEdl)anbegáItehIy dUckñúgrUb
21-Select elIvtßúdéTeTotEdlminmankarBnøÚt
22-vaybBa©ÚltMél Amount énkarBnøÚt dUcCakMBs;énCMhanmYyrbs;fttu .
23-Select CMhanmYyrbs;fttu
24-Click elI Select nig Move b‘Utug ehIycuc Shife Key enAelI Keyboard bnÞab;mkrMkil Moose elIGkS½ Y
edIm,I Copy CMhanmYyénfttu
25-Binitü Copy enAkñúg Clone Option Daily Box



26-Click elI Edit Mesh Button enAkñúgtarag Modifier
27-Click elIb‘Utug Attach edIm,IeFIVfttuBIr EdlecjBIfttuEtmYy
28-fttuBIrrMkildUcfttuEtmYy dUckñúgrUb
29-Click elI Shift + Select nigb‘Utug Move nig Copy fttu
30-Binitü Copy enAkñúgekar Option Daily Box



31-Select elI Create / Compound Object
32-Click elIb‘Utug Boolean
33-Select elI Subtraction A-B enAkñúg Operation nig Select elI Pick Operand
34-ykEpñkxagkñúgénfttuecjmkCBa¢aMgxageRkArbs;fttu
35-Click elI Selection nig Move b‘UtugenAkñúgCYr edIm,IsMrbsMrYlelIsßanPaBénkar Copy fttu .
36-erobcMelIsßanPaBénfttudUckñúgrUb
37-Select b‘Utug Object Color edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrBN’
38-Select BN’EdlGñkcg;)an ehIy Click OK
39-épÞmeRkAénfttu KWemIleTAeXIjxusKñaBIEpñkxagkñúgdUcenAkñúgrUb .



40-Click elI Create / Standard Primitive edIm,IbegáItédkan;fttu
41-Click elIb‘Utug Cylinder enAkñúg Object Type Rollout
42-eRbIR)as;sIuLaMgmYy ehIyKUssIuLaMgmYyenAEpñkkNþalénfttudUckñúgrUb
43-vaybBa©ÚltMélsIuLaMgEdlcg;)an
44-Click elIEsV‘redIm,IKUsédkan;fttu
45-KUsEsV‘rmYyenAelIsIuLaMgdUcrUb 45
46-KUrédkan;mYyEdlmansar³sMxan; dUcCacMnYnfttu ehIyerobcMelIva



47-Click elI Modifier enAkñúgCYredIm,IeFIVCasMPar³elItu
48-Click UVW Map b‘UtugenAkñúgtarag Modifier
49-BinitüelIm:Udrbs;RbGb;enAkñúgRbePTénkarbMBak;sMPar³
50-Select b‘Utug Fit enAkñúg Alignment Rollout edIm,IsMPar³eGaysIuKñaeTAnwgvtßú
51-Click elI Material Map / Map Browser
52-bnÞab;BI Select elI Slot KMrUdMbUg bnÞablmk Click elIb‘Utug Map Shortcut EdlenAEk,rb‘Utug Diffuse Color
53-Select b‘Utug Bitmap enAkñúg Material /Map Browser



54-Click elI Assign Material edIm,I)ankar Select elIb‘Utug
55-Click elI Show Map enAkñúg Viewport edIm,IemIlelIsMPar³énvtßúenAkñúg Viewport
56-LÚvGñkGacemIleXIjfttuCamYykarbMBak;sMPar³
57-Click elI Render Last bnÞab;mkGñkGaceXIjfttuRtUv)anbMBak;edaysMPar³ .



edIm,IbegáItedImeQI³



1-eRbIR)as; Create / Geometry Box Command nigeFIVRbGb;mYyeTAelIpÞaMgrUb
2-Select RbGb;mYy nig Select elI Modifier
3-Apply UVW Map eTAkan;RbGb;Edl)an Select
4-Select RbePTén Mapping CamYynwgRbGb;
5- Click elI Material Editor enAelI Main Toolbar ehIyebIkelI Slot KMrU
6-Select elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map enAkñúg Maps Rollout



8-Select elIb‘Utug Diffuse Map enAkñúg Map Rollout
9-Click elIb‘Utug Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map Browser
10-eRbIR)as;b‘Utug Bitmap edIm,IebIkykrUbPaBedIm,IeQIBI File
11-Click b‘Utug Opacity Map xageRkam eday Click elIb‘Utug go to parent , nigeFIVkarCamYy Maps Rollout
ehIyebIk Material / Map Browser nig Select ykrUbPaBEdlRtUv)aneFIVeGayeTACaBN’s nigexμA . Click
elIb‘Utug Render Last rbs; Menu bar dUcenHkar
Render )aneFIVeTACaRbGb;EdleyIg)anbegáItedIm,Idak;bMBak;sMPar³CaedImeQI .

12-kar Render elIrUbPaBedIm,IbgðajkargarEdl)aneFIV . RbGb;min)anbgðajenAkñúgkar Render eT
manEtedImeQIb:ueNÑaHEdlRtUv)anbgðaj . GñkGacbegáItedImeQIeGaykan;EtgayRsYl rYmTaMgrUbmnusS /rfynþ
/////.l. edayykvaeFIVCaFaturbs; Background rbs;GaKardUcCapÞH CamYykareRbIR)as;karbMBak; Diffuse
niigkarbMBak; Opacity eGaydUcCaFatuén Background rbs;pÞH .



4-edIm,IbegáItedImeQI³
1-eRbIR)as; Create / Geometry Box Commands ehIyeFIVRGb;mYyeTAkan;pÞaMgrUb
2-Select RbGb;mYy nig Select elI Modifier . Apply UVW Map eTAkan;RbGb;Edl)an Select .
3-Select RbePTén Mapping CamYyRbGb;
4-Click elI Material Editor EdlenAkñúg Main Toolbar ehIyebIkelI Solt KMrU .
5-Select elI Solt KMrUdMbUgenAkñúg Solt KMrU
6-Select elI Assign Material
7-Select elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map enAkñúg Maps Rollout .
8-Click elIb‘Utug Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map Browser eRbIb‘Utug Bitmap edIm,IbegáIt rUbPaBmnuSaenAkñúg File .



9-Click elI Show Map enAkñúg Viewport b‘UtugbnÞab;mkrUbmnusSbgðajecjenAelIRbGb; .
10-RbGb;nwgbgðajeLIgnUvmnusSBIrrUbenAkñúg Viewport
11-Click elIb‘Utug Go to Parent
12-Click elIb‘Utug Opacity Map
13-Select Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map Browser Daily ox .
14-ebIkelI Bitmap File dUcrUb 14 EdlRtUv)anbgðajecjBIrUbs nigexμA .



15-Click elIb‘Utug Render Last edIm,IeFIVkar Render
16-LÚvGñkemIleXIjrUbmnusSBIrnak;edayKμanrUbRbGb;

5-edIm,IbegáItrfynþ³
1-eRbI Create / Geometry Box Commands ehIyeFIVRbGb;mYyenAelIpÞaMgrUb
2-Select RbGb;mYy nig Select elI Modifier . Apply UVW Map enAelIRbGb;Edl)an Select .



3-Select RbePTén Mapping CamYyRbGb;
4-Click elI Material Editor enAkñúg Maintoolbar ehIyebIkelI Solt KMrUmYy
5-Select yk Solt KMrUdMbUg EdlenAkñúg Solt KMrU
6-Select elI Assign Material
7-Select elIb‘Utug Diffuse Color Map enAkñúg Map Roolout
8-Click elIb‘Utug Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map Browser . eRbIR)as;b‘Utug Bitmap edIm,IebIk ykrUbrfynþenAkñúg
File .

9-ebIkyk File edlmanrUbPaBrfynþ

10-Click elI Show Map enAkñúg Viewport Button bnÞab;mkrUbrfynþbgðajecjenAelIRbGb;mYy .
11-RbGb;nwgsMEdgecjrUbrfynþmYyenAkñúg Viewport
12-Click b‘Utug Go to Parent


13-Click elIb‘Utug Opacity Map
14-Select yk Bitmap enAkñúg Material / Map Browser Daily Box
15-ebIkyk File Bitmap dUckñúgrUb 15 EdlCarUbRtUv)anbegáItecjBIBN’s nigexμA
16-Click elIb‘Utug Render Last edIm,IeFIVkar Render
17-LÚvGñkemIleXIhrUbrfynþ edayKμanrUbRbGb;



CMBUkTI 6
FILLETR APPLICATION AND GRAPHIC
IMAGE OUTPUT

1-Graphic Image Editing and Graphic Image output



RbsinebIGñkbMElg CAD File EdlamanRsab;eTACa Max GñkTukeBlenaHsMrab;KUrrUb Perspective vij . ehIyrUb
Perspective enaHKUrecjBITMhMRtwmRtUv .

edIm,IKUrrUb Perspective CamYy CAD³
1- KUrbøg;mYyrbs;rUbEdlGñknwgRtUv)anKUrCaKMnUs Perspective enAkñúgkmμviFI AuotCAD
2- Select File Manu én Manubar
3- Select elI Export enAkñúg File Manu Daily Box
4- Select ykmYykñúgcMeNam DWG , 3DS tamryHeQμaHEdlpSayecjeTA .
KMnUsEdlmaneQμaHenAkñúgkarpSayCaRbePT DWG File RtUv)ankMnt;TukenATIenH .
5- Command Line ¬bnÞat;¦ kñúg AutoCAD bgðajeLIgedIm,I Select elIvtßúdUcy:agenH (Command= Select
Objects) /

6- Select elIvtßúEdlcg;)an

1- karGnuvtþn_elI MAX ehIy Select yk File mYyrbs; Manubar


2- Select Import Manu
3- Select elIeQμaH DWG File NamYyedIm,IeGay AutoCAD ecjmk
4- BinitüelIkarpþac;vtßú CamYynwgpÞaMgrUbenAkñúg DWG Import Dialog Box
5- RbsinebIGñkBinitüelI Layer ¬RsTab;¦ rbs;vtßúEdl)anmkedaykarykKMnUstam Layer

nigRbsinebIGñkBinitüemIlBN’vanwgnaMmkedayBN’ . karBinitüelI Layer

enAkñúgCYredIm,IeGayva)anmkvijelI Layer enATIenH .
6- bnÞab;mk Click DWG File Import enAkñúg Viewport

1- Select elI Region Zoom enAkñúg Viewport Controller
2- eRbIR)as; Region Zoom EdleyIg)an Select ehIy Select elIEpñkmYyénrgVg;manragmUl dUcrUb 2
3- BRgIkelIkargarenH ehIyrgVg;ragmUlbgðajeLIgdUcrUb 3
4- Select ykrgVg;mYyenAkñúg Snape én Create / Geometry
5- Select elI Edge enAkñúgKnøgrgVg;én Creation Mathod


6- Click elI Gride nigb‘Utug Snape
7- BinitüelIkMBUlkñúg Gride nig Snape Setting Dailog Box
8- EsVgrkkMBUlénEpñkxageqVgrbs;rgVg;dUcrUb 8 bnÞab;mk Click ehIyGUs Mouse

eTAdl;EpñkxagsþaMénrgVg; edIm,IbegáItsresrmanragmUleday Cammander

9-Click elI Line enAkñúg Creation / Geometry
10-pøas;bþÚrRbePTrbs; Drag eGayeTACa Into enAkñúg Creation Method of Line
11-ebIkelIb‘Utug Gride nig Snape
12-eRbIR)as;bnÞat;edIm,IKUsva EdlGaRs½yedaykMBUlénKMnUsbøg;EdlyecjBI AutoCAD
13-eFIVeGaybnÞat;køayCabiTCitEdlGaRs½yedaykMBUlénKMnUsbøg;tamCMhanxageRkam
-eRbIR)as; Attach én Edit Spline nigtP¢ab;bnÞat;nimYy²
-Select cMkMBUlénkEnøgEdlcUlKñarbs;bnÞat; ehIyeGaymanlkçN³Ca Weld



14-Click elI Extude edIm,I Apply karBnøÚteTAkan;bnÞat;fμI nigvaybBa©ÚlnUvtMélEdlGñkcg;)an
dUcCakMBs;rbs;GaKar .
15-GñkGacemIleXIjCBa¢aMgmYyrbs;GaKar

16-begáItbg¥ÜcmYyEdlmanlkçN³smKñaCamYynwgrUbPaBénCBa¢aMgrbs;GaKar
17-KUrRbGb;mYydUcKñanwgTMhMbg¥Ücrbs;rUbPaBGaKar
18-erobcMRbGb;enaHeGayenAkEnøgTItaMgbg¥Üc ehIy Select elI Create / Geometry / Compound Object
19-Select elI Boolean edIm,IrMkilRbGb;ecjBICBa¢aMg
20-Select elI SubsTraction A-B enAkñúg Operation
21-Select elIRbGb;edIm,IykvaecjBICBa¢aMg
22-épÞEdlRbGb;)an)at;eTABIelICBa¢aMg KWbegáIt)annUvBum<bg¥ÜcmYy



23-Click elI Gride nig Snape b‘Utug ehIyBinitüelIkMBUledIm,I Apply 3D Map
24-bnÞab;mkKUrragctuekaNEkgmYydUcrUb 23 EdlaCas‘umrbs;bg¥ÜcedayeRbIR)as; Command

bnÞat;rWctuekaNEkgrbs; Snape Command Panel
24-Cleck elI Edit Spline én Modifier
25-Select Spline of Sub-Object enAkñúg Edit Spline
26-Select ragctuekaNEkgedIm,I Apply s‘umEdlCa Spline
27-vaybBa©ÚltMéléns‘um (Outline ) eGaydUcnwgTMhMénBum<bg¥Üc
28-GñkGacemIleXIjctuekaNEkgfμI eBlEdlGñkvaytMélrbs; Outline ehIy
29-bnÞab;BIbiTelI Sub-Object bnÞab;mk Click elI Extrude edIm,IeGaykMras;eTAs‘umbg¥Üc
30-begáItkBa©k;sMrab;bg¥Üc ¬emIlelIkarbegáItbg¥Üc¦



31-GñkGacbegáItGaKarmYyCan; RbsinebIGñkbegáItbg¥ÜcTaMgGs;tamviFIdUc² KñadUcrUb 30
32-eFIVeLIgvijnUv Item xagelIcab;BI 1-31 edIm,IbegáItCan;TI 2
33-eFIVeLIgnUv Item xagelIcab;BI 1-31 edIm,IbegáItCan;TI 3
34-edaykarbegáItnUvCan;TaMgGs;enH ehIyerobcMeGayvakøayCaGaKareBjeljmYy



35-eRbIR)as;RbGb;mYy nig Dent Map ehIybegáItpøÚvmYyrYmTaMgerobcMelIva
36-begáItedImeQIenACuMvij enAtampøÚvEdlRtUvbegáItvaRBmTaMgerobvaeGay)anl¥
37-eRbIR)as;RbGb;mYy edIm,IbegáItGaKarEdlenACuMvijGaKaredIm ehIyerobvaeGay)anl¥
38-begáItrfynþ ehIydak;vatamkEnøg
39-begáItmnusSehIyerobcMelIva
40-kMnt;elIrUbPaBEdlCa Background



41-Click elI Render Scence edIm,IeFIVkar Render elIpÞaMgrUb
42-Select elI Single enAkñúg Time Output TMhMEdlFMRtUvkareBlkan;EteRcIn
44-Save File enaHeGayeTACa bmp
45-GnuvtþBIkmμviFI Photoshop ehIy Select elI File Men
46-Click elI Opend Command edIm,IebIk File
47-Select Page Setup sMrab;kardak;rUbPaB
48-kMnt;elIRbePT Printer NaEdl)antP¢ab;mkkMBüÚT½r
49-kMnt;elITMhMRkdas
50-Click Ok


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