This document provides guidelines for civil engineering drawing practices in 3 chapters:
1. Structural drawing conventions - Defines scales, views, dimensions, and other structural drawing standards.
2. Drawing components - Details various drawing elements like lines, dimensions, symbols and annotations.
3. CAD drafting - Discusses computer-aided drafting techniques, templates, layers and other digital drafting practices.
The document establishes standards for civil engineering drawings to ensure consistency and clarity across projects. It covers topics like drawing layouts, line weights, dimensioning, modeling and documentation. Adherence to the guidelines will result in structural drawings that effectively communicate engineering design information.
1. The document outlines the chapters in a civil engineering construction work textbook, including introduction to construction, construction materials, construction equipment, and construction management.
2. Chapter 1 discusses construction introduction, which provides an overview of the construction industry and processes. It explains the roles of various construction professionals and their importance in planning and executing construction projects.
3. Chapter 2 covers construction materials used in civil engineering projects, including their properties, uses, and quality control measures.
This document provides instructions on using various commands and tools in Autodesk 3ds Max for geometry creation, modification, and rendering. It covers topics such as viewports, basic geometric shapes like boxes and spheres, splines, mesh editing, modifiers, and lighting/camera settings. Step-by-step explanations are provided for commands to create, manipulate, and render 3D models. The document is intended as a tutorial for learning essential 3ds Max functions.
The document provides instructions for carpentry works. It discusses 1) planning works which includes preparing drawings, considering safety measures and allocating tasks. 2) woodworking such as sawing, planing and wood joints. 3) metal works including welding and metal cutting. 4) masonry including bricklaying. 5) painting procedures and types of paint. 6) plastering works. 7) scaffolding erection and types of scaffolding. The document provides detailed guidance on various carpentry techniques and ensuring work quality and safety.
This document discusses materials and application of Portland cement plaster. Key points:
1. Portland cement plaster consists of cement, aggregate, lime and water. It is used for exterior and interior finishing.
2. Recommended materials include Portland cement, sand, lime and water. Admixtures can be added to improve workability.
3. Application involves mixing, applying in coats, and curing. A three-coat application provides the best finish.
This summary highlights the main components, materials, and application process for Portland cement plaster in 3 sentences.
This document summarizes the key activities undertaken by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction to establish land use plans and improve land management in Cambodia between 1993 and 1997. It outlines the ministry's efforts to demarcate land boundaries, register land titles, clarify land disputes, and strengthen legal frameworks. The summary emphasizes how these initiatives helped promote sustainable social and economic development through more secure land tenure.
4.internal loading developed in structural membersChhay Teng
1. The document describes analyzing internal loading developed in structural members.
2. It provides procedures for determining support reactions, drawing free-body diagrams, establishing equilibrium equations, and calculating shear forces and bending moments at points of interest.
3. Examples are included to demonstrate solving for unknown shear forces and bending moments at specific points on beams and cantilevers.
This document provides an introduction and overview of footings. It discusses the different types of footings, including wall footings, single footings, combined footings, cantilever or strap footings, continuous footings, raft or mat foundations, and pile caps. It also covers the distribution of soil pressure on footings and important design considerations such as footing size, shear strength, bearing capacity, settlement, dowel connections, and differential settlement. Footings are designed to safely transfer structural and soil loads to the ground.
1. The document outlines the chapters in a civil engineering construction work textbook, including introduction to construction, construction materials, construction equipment, and construction management.
2. Chapter 1 discusses construction introduction, which provides an overview of the construction industry and processes. It explains the roles of various construction professionals and their importance in planning and executing construction projects.
3. Chapter 2 covers construction materials used in civil engineering projects, including their properties, uses, and quality control measures.
This document provides instructions on using various commands and tools in Autodesk 3ds Max for geometry creation, modification, and rendering. It covers topics such as viewports, basic geometric shapes like boxes and spheres, splines, mesh editing, modifiers, and lighting/camera settings. Step-by-step explanations are provided for commands to create, manipulate, and render 3D models. The document is intended as a tutorial for learning essential 3ds Max functions.
The document provides instructions for carpentry works. It discusses 1) planning works which includes preparing drawings, considering safety measures and allocating tasks. 2) woodworking such as sawing, planing and wood joints. 3) metal works including welding and metal cutting. 4) masonry including bricklaying. 5) painting procedures and types of paint. 6) plastering works. 7) scaffolding erection and types of scaffolding. The document provides detailed guidance on various carpentry techniques and ensuring work quality and safety.
This document discusses materials and application of Portland cement plaster. Key points:
1. Portland cement plaster consists of cement, aggregate, lime and water. It is used for exterior and interior finishing.
2. Recommended materials include Portland cement, sand, lime and water. Admixtures can be added to improve workability.
3. Application involves mixing, applying in coats, and curing. A three-coat application provides the best finish.
This summary highlights the main components, materials, and application process for Portland cement plaster in 3 sentences.
This document summarizes the key activities undertaken by the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction to establish land use plans and improve land management in Cambodia between 1993 and 1997. It outlines the ministry's efforts to demarcate land boundaries, register land titles, clarify land disputes, and strengthen legal frameworks. The summary emphasizes how these initiatives helped promote sustainable social and economic development through more secure land tenure.
4.internal loading developed in structural membersChhay Teng
1. The document describes analyzing internal loading developed in structural members.
2. It provides procedures for determining support reactions, drawing free-body diagrams, establishing equilibrium equations, and calculating shear forces and bending moments at points of interest.
3. Examples are included to demonstrate solving for unknown shear forces and bending moments at specific points on beams and cantilevers.
This document provides an introduction and overview of footings. It discusses the different types of footings, including wall footings, single footings, combined footings, cantilever or strap footings, continuous footings, raft or mat foundations, and pile caps. It also covers the distribution of soil pressure on footings and important design considerations such as footing size, shear strength, bearing capacity, settlement, dowel connections, and differential settlement. Footings are designed to safely transfer structural and soil loads to the ground.
1. This document discusses continuous beams and frames, which are structural elements made of concrete slabs, beams, columns, and footings that are monolithically connected.
2. It describes how to calculate the maximum moment in continuous beams using basic elastic analysis and considering the loading application and moment redistribution. The maximum positive moments within a span and maximum negative moments at supports are also addressed.
3. Formulas are provided to calculate the maximum and minimum positive moments based on the beam's properties and span between supports. The analysis considers both statically determinate and indeterminate continuous beams.
2.analysis of statically determinate structureChhay Teng
The document provides an overview of statically determinate structures and their analysis. It defines idealized structures and discusses different types of supports including pinned supports, roller supports, fixed supports, pin-connected joints and fixed-connected joints. It also presents examples of idealized structures showing various supports and loads, and determines reactions and internal forces through structural analysis. The summary highlights key points about idealized structures, different support types, and analyzing structures to determine unknown reactions and internal forces.
This document provides details on types of stairs and their components. It discusses:
1) Six common types of stairs including single-flight, double-flight, three or more flight, cantilever, precast flights, and free standing stairs.
2) Stair components like risers, treads, and landings and design considerations for each.
3) Additional stair types like run-riser stairs that have proportional risers and treads.
This document discusses the effective length factor (K) used for calculating the effective length of slender columns. It provides three methods for determining K based on the restraint conditions at the column ends:
1. Using alignment charts and restraint factors (ψA and ψB) for the column and bracing members.
2. Equations relating K to ψmin for partially restrained columns.
3. A simplified equation for K if the column is hinged at one end.
Examples are given to calculate K using the alignment chart method for different bracing conditions. The effective length is important for evaluating the strength and stability of slender columns.
1. The document discusses torsional moments in beams. It introduces torsion and provides equations to calculate the torsional moment (T) in beams.
2. Formulas are given to calculate T based on the shear force (V) distribution in different beam sections like rectangular and circular. The maximum shear stress (vmax) is calculated from T.
3. For rectangular sections, a modification factor (α) is used to calculate vmax based on the ratio of y/x dimensions. For typical beam sections, α ranges from 0.2 to 0.3.
1. The sampling distribution for the sample means describes the distribution of sample means that would be obtained by taking all possible samples of a given size from a population.
2. It shows that as more samples are taken, the sample means will cluster more closely around the population mean.
3. The central limit theorem states that the sampling distribution for the sample means will be approximately normally distributed for large sample sizes, regardless of the distribution of the population.
1. The document outlines guidelines for developing a training program, including defining learning objectives, selecting content, and evaluating outcomes.
2. The guidelines specify steps for determining learning objectives, selecting relevant content areas, and choosing appropriate teaching methods to achieve the objectives.
3. Evaluation methods are also defined, such as assessing participants' understanding through tests and feedback, to ensure the training program is effective.
1. This chapter provides an introduction to quality management systems. It discusses total quality management (TQM), the importance of customer focus and satisfaction, and continuous improvement.
2. Quality management systems aim to ensure consistency and improve processes. Organizations implement quality management standards like ISO 9000 to formalize processes and get certified.
3. The chapter emphasizes the role of documentation in quality systems. Documents provide records of activities and ensure requirements are met. Maintaining accurate documentation is important for quality assurance and improvement.
This document outlines accounting, finance, and budget policies and procedures for an organization. It provides 14 chapters that describe the accounting cycle, budgeting process, accounting policies, financial reporting, internal controls, and other relevant topics. The goal is to establish standard practices for financial management and accountability. Key aspects covered include the roles and responsibilities of accounting staff, chart of accounts, transaction processing, financial statements, and the annual budget. Overall, the document aims to set clear guidelines for sound financial administration and decision making.
This document discusses leadership and leadership styles. It provides three examples of leadership styles:
1) Traditional leadership focuses on hierarchy, rules, and maintaining the status quo.
2) Transactional leadership focuses on supervision and contingent rewards or punishment.
3) Transformational leadership inspires followers and focuses on innovation, adaptation, and change.
Transformational leadership allows an organization to evolve and adapt to new challenges. It seems to be the most effective long-term approach to leadership.
This document discusses simple connections and bolted shear connections. It introduces different types of simple connections using plates and various steel shapes. It then focuses on bolted shear connections, explaining the failure modes of bearing on the bolt or shear of the bolt. Equations for determining the shear capacity of a bolted connection based on bolt diameter and shear area are provided. Examples of single shear and double shear lap joints are shown and how to calculate their shear capacities. Overall, the document provides an overview of simple connections and bolted shear connections, emphasizing proper design to avoid failure.
1. Structural design involves considering loads and stresses on building elements. Loads are categorized as dead loads and live loads. Dead loads include the self-weight of structural components while live loads represent temporary loads from occupancy and environmental factors.
2. Finite element analysis is used to analyze stresses and deflections in structures under applied loads. Composite structures using combined materials are also analyzed.
3. Fatigue stresses from repetitive or fluctuating live loads over time must also be considered in design.
This document provides information on pig farming and management in 3 sections:
1. General information on pig breeds, housing, feeding and health management.
2. Information on pig breeding, including details on different breeds.
3. Information on disease prevention and pig vaccination. Key points covered include common pig diseases, signs and symptoms, and vaccination schedules.
1. There are several types of retaining walls, including gravity walls, semi-gravity walls, cantilever retaining walls, counterfort retaining walls, and buttressed retaining walls.
2. Forces acting on retaining walls include active and passive soil pressures. Active pressure is exerted by soil pushing on the front face of the retaining wall, while passive pressure acts on the back side of the wall from soil resistance.
3. The magnitude of active and passive soil pressures depends on factors like the soil type, depth of soil, and angle of internal friction of the soil. Formulas developed by Rankine and Coulomb are commonly used to calculate active and passive pressures.
This document outlines the jurisdiction of academic policy and progress statute for a university. It establishes that the academic policy and progress statute have authority over all academic matters and student progression. It details requirements for minimum course load, grades, course completion timelines, and exam rules that students must follow to remain in good academic standing. Failure to meet these requirements will result in academic probation or exclusion from the university.
This document outlines the risk management policy of an organization. It includes:
1. Details of previous policy reviews in 2003, 2007, 2002, 2008, and 2009.
2. Sections on risk identification, risk assessment, monitoring and review of risks. It describes determining risk likelihood, impact, and obtaining risk owners.
3. Requirements that all business units comply with the risk management framework and cooperate with risk management processes. Ongoing monitoring of risks is required.
Project maha eang khut.plan sangkum thorVen Eang Khut
1. The document provides details about a 15-lesson course on citizenship consisting of 3 main sections: foundations of citizenship, principles of democracy, and civic participation.
2. The first section includes 5 lessons on the foundations of citizenship, covering topics like the definition of citizenship, types of citizens, and citizenship rights and responsibilities.
3. The second section includes 4 lessons on principles of democracy, covering topics like rule of law, separation of powers, and civil liberties.
4. The third section includes 6 lessons on civic participation, discussing things like voting, jury duty, community service, and political campaigns.
The document provides guidance on conducting market research and prospecting activities to help expand a business. It outlines 15 key activities for market research including identifying prospects, researching customer needs, evaluating the competition, and developing marketing strategies. It then discusses in more detail prospecting techniques such as cold calling, emails, and referrals to find new potential customers and opportunities.
1. The document discusses improving quality in education through strengthening the roles of research and development. It focuses on six key topics: curriculum development, teaching methods, student assessment, educational management, educational technology, and educational financing.
2. Curriculum development must be research-based and involve developing student-centered learning approaches. Teaching methods should incorporate active learning strategies to better engage students. Student assessment needs reform to focus more on competencies than just testing.
3. Educational management can be enhanced through research on effective school administration. Educational technology and financing models should also be informed by education research findings.
Vii. camber, deflection, and crack controlChhay Teng
This document discusses camber, deflection, and crack control in concrete structures. It introduces the basic assumptions used in deflection calculations, which include elastic behavior, modulus of elasticity, superposition principle, and tendon properties. It then describes the load-deflection relationship in three stages: precracking, postcracking, and postserviceability cracking. Formulas are provided for calculating cracking and serviceability loads based on modulus of rupture and concrete strength. Overall, the document provides an introduction to evaluating and controlling deflection and cracking in concrete members.
13 beams and frames having nonprismatic membersChhay Teng
1) The document discusses methods for analyzing non-prismatic structural members, such as tapered or stepped beams and frames, using the slope-deflection and moment distribution methods.
2) It describes calculating the deflection of non-prismatic members through integration, and introduces the concepts of stiffness factor K, carry-over factor COF, and the conjugate beam method for analyzing loading properties.
3) An example problem is presented to demonstrate calculating the fixed-end moment FEM at joints A and B of a tapered beam using the given stiffness factors K and carry-over factors COF from the conjugate beam analysis.
14. truss analysis using the stiffness methodChhay Teng
1. The document discusses analyzing truss structures using the stiffness method. It begins by introducing the fundamentals of the stiffness method for truss analysis.
2. It describes how to derive the member stiffness matrix for each truss member, which relates the forces and displacements in the member's local coordinate system.
3. It provides equations to transform between the member's local coordinate system and the global coordinate system of the truss, in order to assemble the overall structure stiffness matrix for the truss.
1. This document discusses continuous beams and frames, which are structural elements made of concrete slabs, beams, columns, and footings that are monolithically connected.
2. It describes how to calculate the maximum moment in continuous beams using basic elastic analysis and considering the loading application and moment redistribution. The maximum positive moments within a span and maximum negative moments at supports are also addressed.
3. Formulas are provided to calculate the maximum and minimum positive moments based on the beam's properties and span between supports. The analysis considers both statically determinate and indeterminate continuous beams.
2.analysis of statically determinate structureChhay Teng
The document provides an overview of statically determinate structures and their analysis. It defines idealized structures and discusses different types of supports including pinned supports, roller supports, fixed supports, pin-connected joints and fixed-connected joints. It also presents examples of idealized structures showing various supports and loads, and determines reactions and internal forces through structural analysis. The summary highlights key points about idealized structures, different support types, and analyzing structures to determine unknown reactions and internal forces.
This document provides details on types of stairs and their components. It discusses:
1) Six common types of stairs including single-flight, double-flight, three or more flight, cantilever, precast flights, and free standing stairs.
2) Stair components like risers, treads, and landings and design considerations for each.
3) Additional stair types like run-riser stairs that have proportional risers and treads.
This document discusses the effective length factor (K) used for calculating the effective length of slender columns. It provides three methods for determining K based on the restraint conditions at the column ends:
1. Using alignment charts and restraint factors (ψA and ψB) for the column and bracing members.
2. Equations relating K to ψmin for partially restrained columns.
3. A simplified equation for K if the column is hinged at one end.
Examples are given to calculate K using the alignment chart method for different bracing conditions. The effective length is important for evaluating the strength and stability of slender columns.
1. The document discusses torsional moments in beams. It introduces torsion and provides equations to calculate the torsional moment (T) in beams.
2. Formulas are given to calculate T based on the shear force (V) distribution in different beam sections like rectangular and circular. The maximum shear stress (vmax) is calculated from T.
3. For rectangular sections, a modification factor (α) is used to calculate vmax based on the ratio of y/x dimensions. For typical beam sections, α ranges from 0.2 to 0.3.
1. The sampling distribution for the sample means describes the distribution of sample means that would be obtained by taking all possible samples of a given size from a population.
2. It shows that as more samples are taken, the sample means will cluster more closely around the population mean.
3. The central limit theorem states that the sampling distribution for the sample means will be approximately normally distributed for large sample sizes, regardless of the distribution of the population.
1. The document outlines guidelines for developing a training program, including defining learning objectives, selecting content, and evaluating outcomes.
2. The guidelines specify steps for determining learning objectives, selecting relevant content areas, and choosing appropriate teaching methods to achieve the objectives.
3. Evaluation methods are also defined, such as assessing participants' understanding through tests and feedback, to ensure the training program is effective.
1. This chapter provides an introduction to quality management systems. It discusses total quality management (TQM), the importance of customer focus and satisfaction, and continuous improvement.
2. Quality management systems aim to ensure consistency and improve processes. Organizations implement quality management standards like ISO 9000 to formalize processes and get certified.
3. The chapter emphasizes the role of documentation in quality systems. Documents provide records of activities and ensure requirements are met. Maintaining accurate documentation is important for quality assurance and improvement.
This document outlines accounting, finance, and budget policies and procedures for an organization. It provides 14 chapters that describe the accounting cycle, budgeting process, accounting policies, financial reporting, internal controls, and other relevant topics. The goal is to establish standard practices for financial management and accountability. Key aspects covered include the roles and responsibilities of accounting staff, chart of accounts, transaction processing, financial statements, and the annual budget. Overall, the document aims to set clear guidelines for sound financial administration and decision making.
This document discusses leadership and leadership styles. It provides three examples of leadership styles:
1) Traditional leadership focuses on hierarchy, rules, and maintaining the status quo.
2) Transactional leadership focuses on supervision and contingent rewards or punishment.
3) Transformational leadership inspires followers and focuses on innovation, adaptation, and change.
Transformational leadership allows an organization to evolve and adapt to new challenges. It seems to be the most effective long-term approach to leadership.
This document discusses simple connections and bolted shear connections. It introduces different types of simple connections using plates and various steel shapes. It then focuses on bolted shear connections, explaining the failure modes of bearing on the bolt or shear of the bolt. Equations for determining the shear capacity of a bolted connection based on bolt diameter and shear area are provided. Examples of single shear and double shear lap joints are shown and how to calculate their shear capacities. Overall, the document provides an overview of simple connections and bolted shear connections, emphasizing proper design to avoid failure.
1. Structural design involves considering loads and stresses on building elements. Loads are categorized as dead loads and live loads. Dead loads include the self-weight of structural components while live loads represent temporary loads from occupancy and environmental factors.
2. Finite element analysis is used to analyze stresses and deflections in structures under applied loads. Composite structures using combined materials are also analyzed.
3. Fatigue stresses from repetitive or fluctuating live loads over time must also be considered in design.
This document provides information on pig farming and management in 3 sections:
1. General information on pig breeds, housing, feeding and health management.
2. Information on pig breeding, including details on different breeds.
3. Information on disease prevention and pig vaccination. Key points covered include common pig diseases, signs and symptoms, and vaccination schedules.
1. There are several types of retaining walls, including gravity walls, semi-gravity walls, cantilever retaining walls, counterfort retaining walls, and buttressed retaining walls.
2. Forces acting on retaining walls include active and passive soil pressures. Active pressure is exerted by soil pushing on the front face of the retaining wall, while passive pressure acts on the back side of the wall from soil resistance.
3. The magnitude of active and passive soil pressures depends on factors like the soil type, depth of soil, and angle of internal friction of the soil. Formulas developed by Rankine and Coulomb are commonly used to calculate active and passive pressures.
This document outlines the jurisdiction of academic policy and progress statute for a university. It establishes that the academic policy and progress statute have authority over all academic matters and student progression. It details requirements for minimum course load, grades, course completion timelines, and exam rules that students must follow to remain in good academic standing. Failure to meet these requirements will result in academic probation or exclusion from the university.
This document outlines the risk management policy of an organization. It includes:
1. Details of previous policy reviews in 2003, 2007, 2002, 2008, and 2009.
2. Sections on risk identification, risk assessment, monitoring and review of risks. It describes determining risk likelihood, impact, and obtaining risk owners.
3. Requirements that all business units comply with the risk management framework and cooperate with risk management processes. Ongoing monitoring of risks is required.
Project maha eang khut.plan sangkum thorVen Eang Khut
1. The document provides details about a 15-lesson course on citizenship consisting of 3 main sections: foundations of citizenship, principles of democracy, and civic participation.
2. The first section includes 5 lessons on the foundations of citizenship, covering topics like the definition of citizenship, types of citizens, and citizenship rights and responsibilities.
3. The second section includes 4 lessons on principles of democracy, covering topics like rule of law, separation of powers, and civil liberties.
4. The third section includes 6 lessons on civic participation, discussing things like voting, jury duty, community service, and political campaigns.
The document provides guidance on conducting market research and prospecting activities to help expand a business. It outlines 15 key activities for market research including identifying prospects, researching customer needs, evaluating the competition, and developing marketing strategies. It then discusses in more detail prospecting techniques such as cold calling, emails, and referrals to find new potential customers and opportunities.
1. The document discusses improving quality in education through strengthening the roles of research and development. It focuses on six key topics: curriculum development, teaching methods, student assessment, educational management, educational technology, and educational financing.
2. Curriculum development must be research-based and involve developing student-centered learning approaches. Teaching methods should incorporate active learning strategies to better engage students. Student assessment needs reform to focus more on competencies than just testing.
3. Educational management can be enhanced through research on effective school administration. Educational technology and financing models should also be informed by education research findings.
Vii. camber, deflection, and crack controlChhay Teng
This document discusses camber, deflection, and crack control in concrete structures. It introduces the basic assumptions used in deflection calculations, which include elastic behavior, modulus of elasticity, superposition principle, and tendon properties. It then describes the load-deflection relationship in three stages: precracking, postcracking, and postserviceability cracking. Formulas are provided for calculating cracking and serviceability loads based on modulus of rupture and concrete strength. Overall, the document provides an introduction to evaluating and controlling deflection and cracking in concrete members.
13 beams and frames having nonprismatic membersChhay Teng
1) The document discusses methods for analyzing non-prismatic structural members, such as tapered or stepped beams and frames, using the slope-deflection and moment distribution methods.
2) It describes calculating the deflection of non-prismatic members through integration, and introduces the concepts of stiffness factor K, carry-over factor COF, and the conjugate beam method for analyzing loading properties.
3) An example problem is presented to demonstrate calculating the fixed-end moment FEM at joints A and B of a tapered beam using the given stiffness factors K and carry-over factors COF from the conjugate beam analysis.
14. truss analysis using the stiffness methodChhay Teng
1. The document discusses analyzing truss structures using the stiffness method. It begins by introducing the fundamentals of the stiffness method for truss analysis.
2. It describes how to derive the member stiffness matrix for each truss member, which relates the forces and displacements in the member's local coordinate system.
3. It provides equations to transform between the member's local coordinate system and the global coordinate system of the truss, in order to assemble the overall structure stiffness matrix for the truss.
1. The document discusses bending behavior and plastic moment capacity of beams. When a beam yields, plastic hinges form which allow unstable collapse mechanisms to develop.
2. Bending stress is calculated based on the elastic bending formula. As the stress increases, the beam first yields at the outer fibers where the maximum bending stress reaches the yield strength.
3. After initial yielding, the stress can redistribute until the plastic neutral axis forms. The plastic moment capacity is then reached and is calculated based on the plastic section modulus.
Appendix b structural steel design based on allowable stressChhay Teng
1) This document discusses allowable stress design (ASD) based on the 1989 AISC specification for structural steel design. It compares ASD to load and resistance factor design (LRFD) and outlines the key differences between the two approaches.
2) Formulas and examples are provided for calculating allowable stresses in tension members based on yielding and fracture, as well as for calculating allowable stresses in compression members based on buckling strength.
3) The document notes that while the AISC Manual still references the older ASD approach, the specification has been updated to the LRFD method, and engineers should follow the specification over the manual.
This document discusses shear and torsion strength design of beams. It introduces the concepts of shear stress and torsion stress, and how they are related to the internal forces in a beam. The document explains homogeneous and non-homogeneous beam behavior under shear and torsion loading based on classical beam mechanics. It provides equations to calculate maximum shear stresses and strains in homogeneous and non-homogeneous beams. Failure modes such as flexural failure, diagonal tension failure, and shear compression failure are also discussed for beams without diagonal tension reinforcement.
X. connections for prestressed concrete elementChhay Teng
This document provides guidance on connections for prestressed concrete elements. It discusses tolerance requirements for connections, introduces composite members formed using situ-cast topping, and describes reinforced concrete bearing in composite members. Specifically, it outlines procedures for calculating the design bearing strength of a reinforced concrete bearing using nominal strength equations. It also presents equations for determining the development length and shear capacity of reinforcing bars at the interface between a concrete bearing and a composite member. The guidance aims to ensure connections have adequate strength and durability while also considering constructability and economics.
This document discusses moment amplification in beam-columns. It explains that the actual moment in a beam-column can be higher than the design moment due to the effects of axial load. The moment is amplified due to the nonlinear relationship between moment and axial deformation. Design codes account for this phenomenon using moment magnification factors which relate the actual moment to the design moment based on the level of axial load. The document provides an example calculation to demonstrate moment amplification based on the AISC specification equations.
1. This document discusses tension members and their design strength. Tension members are structural elements that are primarily subjected to tensile forces such as those in trusses, suspension bridges, and cable-stayed bridges.
2. The design strength of a tension member is based on either its gross section resisting yielding, or its net section resisting fracture. Allowable stresses are reduced using strength reduction factors to obtain the design strength.
3. Examples are provided to calculate the design strength of given tension members based on their material properties and dimensions. The effective net area is considered to account for things like bolt holes. Combinations of loads are also checked to ensure the design strength is not exceeded.
1) The document discusses column theory and compression members. It introduces the concept of critical buckling load and explains how a column's slenderness ratio affects its buckling strength.
2) The theory of column buckling is explained using Euler buckling formula. The critical buckling load depends on the column's elastic modulus, moment of inertia, and length.
3) Buckling modes are determined by solving the differential equation for the deflection curve of the column. The first buckling mode occurs when the column length is equal to π√(EI/P).
1. The document discusses using the energy method to calculate deflection in beams, trusses, and frames.
2. The energy method equates the external work done by loads to the internal strain energy stored in the deformed structure.
3. Beams, trusses, and frames can be analyzed by calculating the external work done by forces and moments, and equating it to the strain energy due to bending and twisting. Analytical expressions can then be developed relating the loads to deflections.
The document provides instructions for various carpentry works. It discusses 1) site preparation which includes clearing the site, taking measurements, ensuring safety, and site layout. 2) timber selection involving wood types and sizes. 3) woodworking including sawing, planning, and joining. 4) foundations. 5) drawings including drawing tools, drawing standard views, drawing scales, and drawing roofs. 6) wood types. 7) safety involving personal protective equipment and machine safety. The document provides detailed guidance on construction techniques and best practices for different carpentry projects.
1. The sampling distribution for the sample means describes the distribution of sample means that would be obtained by taking all possible samples of a given size from a population.
2. It shows that as more samples are taken, the sample means will cluster more closely around the population mean.
3. The central limit theorem states that the sampling distribution for the sample means will approximate the normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the distribution of the population.
This document discusses the design of two-way slabs. It introduces different types of two-way slabs including slab-on-beam, flat slab, flat plate floor, two-way ribbed slabs, and waffle slab systems. Factors to consider for the economical choice of concrete floor systems such as span, loading, and construction cost are presented. The document emphasizes using design concepts that account for nonlinear behavior and time-dependent effects like creep in the analysis and design of two-way slabs according to the ACI code.
1. This document discusses one-way slabs, including their types, design, and analysis according to the ACI Code.
2. The three main types of one-way slabs are: one-way solid slab, one-way joist floor slab (ribbed slab), and one-way floor system (two-way slab).
3. Design and analysis of one-way slabs must consider the slab's moment of inertia, load distribution, and requirements for minimum slab thickness according to the ACI Code.
1. The document describes the steps to model and analyze a reinforced concrete slab using Robot Millennium V17.5 structural analysis software.
2. The modeling process involves defining the slab geometry, materials, loads, reinforcement, and running an analysis to check required reinforcement.
3. Key steps include setting the units to Metric, defining the slab thickness as 10cm of concrete, applying uniform live and dead loads of 1.5 and 1.4 kN/m2, specifying rebar with a diameter of 10mm and cover of 2cm, assigning load combinations, meshing, and solving for the required reinforcement.
This document discusses types of structures and loads. It begins with an introduction to structures, which are comprised of elements like beams, columns, trusses, and cables that are designed to support and resist various loads.
Structural elements are then classified, with beams defined as elements that primarily resist bending loads, columns as elements that primarily resist axial loads, and trusses as assemblages of elements that form a rigid body to transfer loads.
Finally, common types of structures are described briefly, including trusses, which use a non-redundant system of elements in tension and compression, as well as cable and arch structures.
The Academic Senate is the highest academic governing body at the university. It is composed of representatives from the Board of Governors and Academic Senate. The Academic Senate oversees academic policies, curriculum development, and other academic matters according to a bicameral governance system. It works to advance the university's academic mission in consultation with administrators, faculty, and students.
This document provides guidelines for strategic planning policy and procedures at an organization. It outlines 4 sections for strategic planning:
1. Developing the strategic plan through environmental scanning, identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.
2. Implementing and monitoring the strategic plan through goals, objectives and action plans.
3. Reviewing and revising the strategic plan regularly to ensure it remains relevant.
4. Involving stakeholders throughout the strategic planning process to gain support and feedback.
The summary covers the key aspects of conducting an environmental scan, analyzing strengths/weaknesses and opportunities/threats, developing goals and action plans, and reviewing the strategic plan over time with stakeholders.
1. This document provides information on the properties of reinforced concrete, including:
2. It discusses the factors that influence concrete strength such as water-cement ratio, aggregate type and size, use of admixtures, compaction and curing time.
3. Details are given on how concrete strength is affected by the size and shape of test specimens such as cylinders, cubes and prisms. Equations are provided relating the strengths obtained from different specimen geometries.
4. Reinforcement ratio and its effect on concrete strength is examined. Formulas for calculating reinforcement ratio based on area are also outlined.
This document provides information on deflection and the elastic curve. It discusses the moment-area method and conjugate beam method for calculating deflection. It also describes using a deflection diagram to represent the elastic curve. The document contains diagrams showing examples of beams with loads and supports, along with the corresponding bending moment and deflection diagrams. Equations for calculating deflection due to bending are also presented.
The document is the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia. It discusses the history of Cambodia and establishes the structure of the government. The key points are:
1. It declares Cambodia to be a sovereign kingdom with the monarchy as head of state.
2. It outlines the history of Cambodia from independence in 1953 to the overthrow of the monarchy in 1969.
3. It establishes Cambodia as a parliamentary representative democratic republic with separate executive, legislative and judicial branches of government.
Project maha eang khut.plan sangkum thorVen Eang Khut
1. The document provides details about a 15-lesson course on citizenship consisting of 3 main sections: foundations of citizenship, principles of democracy, and civic participation.
2. The first section includes 5 lessons on the foundations of citizenship, covering topics like the definition of citizenship, types of citizens, and citizenship rights and responsibilities.
3. The second section includes 4 lessons on principles of democracy, covering topics like rule of law, separation of powers, and civil liberties.
4. The third section includes 6 lessons on civic participation, discussing things like voting, jury duty, community service, and political campaigns.
1. The document outlines the procedures for conducting a community forest audit in three villages from January 2012.
2. It describes the composition of the audit team and their responsibilities to observe the management and use of the community forest.
3. The summary also outlines the steps to review documents related to the boundary demarcation, allocation of forest land, and other issues to evaluate compliance with community forestry regulations.
Xii.lrfd and stan dard aastho design of concrete bridgeChhay Teng
This document discusses load specifications for bridge design according to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) and Standard Specifications. It introduces the AASHTO truck and lane loading models used for design. Key points include:
1) Standard AASHTO and LRFD specifications for truck axle configurations and weights.
2) Provisions for impact, longitudinal forces, and centrifugal forces under the AASHTO Standard (LFD) specifications.
3) Methods for reducing lane load intensity based on number of traffic lanes.
The document appears to be about roof tile production and installation. It includes sections on:
1. Measuring and preparing the roof surface.
2. Selecting and installing the tiles, including laying underlayment and setting tiles at the appropriate angle.
3. Installing battens, ridges and other roof elements.
The document provides diagrams and specifications for tile sizes, roof measurements, angles and spacing for a proper roof installation. Proper preparation and installation techniques are emphasized.
Ix. two way prestressed concrete floor systemsChhay Teng
This document provides an overview of two-way prestressed concrete floor systems. It discusses several analysis and design methods, including:
1. The semielastic ACI Code approach, which uses either the direct design method or equivalent frame method.
2. The yield-line method, which is based on classical elasticity but accounts for inelastic behavior and failure mechanisms.
3. Limit analysis theories for plates, which aim to determine lower bound and upper bound solutions for collapse loads.
4. The stripe method, which models the floor system using orthogonal stress fields.
The document emphasizes that two-way slabs and plates exhibit true two-way flexural behavior with bending resistance in both orthogonal
1) Plastic analysis was performed using the lower-bound theorem and equilibrium method to determine the collapse load of a W30x99 beam with continuous lateral support.
2) The working load was first determined by calculating the yield moment My. Once yielding occurred, the plastic moment capacity Mp was used.
3) Equilibrium of internal and external moments was satisfied at the collapse mechanism to determine the ultimate load. The uniqueness theorem confirmed this was the collapse load.
1. Deflection and cracking control are important for structural concrete members to ensure serviceability. The ACI Code provides provisions for calculating deflection and cracking.
2. Instantaneous deflection, also called immediate deflection, is the initial deflection of a structural member under load. It is related to the elastic behavior of the member.
3. Cracking moment is the moment at which tensile stresses in concrete first exceed the modulus of rupture, initiating cracking in the member. It can be calculated based on the section properties and concrete strength.
3. analysis of statically determinate trussesChhay Teng
This document provides an analysis of statically determinate trusses. It begins by defining trusses and discussing common types of truss analysis. The types of trusses discussed include roof trusses, bridge trusses, and classifications of coplanar trusses. Various truss configurations are shown in figures, such as Pratt trusses, Warren trusses, and Howe trusses. The document also discusses forces in truss members and classifications of trusses based on their degree of determinacy.
This document provides instructions for plastering and mortar work. It includes a list of tools needed for the job such as trowels, buckets, and brooms. It also provides details on mixing mortar, applying plaster, and techniques for smoothing and finishing walls. The document specifies mortar ratios and curing times. It aims to clearly explain the steps for plastering and mortaring work.
Similar to Construction design drawing practice (20)
This document provides an introduction and overview of Corus Advance structural sections for use in steel construction. It includes the following key points:
- Corus is a major UK and global steel producer and manufacturer of structural steel sections.
- Steel construction offers benefits like speed of construction, economy, flexibility, sustainability, and recyclability.
- The document contains selection of structural section property tables from the Corus Advance range to assist students in steel structure design.
- For the full listing of Advance section properties and capacities, the online "Blue Book" can be downloaded from the Corus website.
2009 ncdd-csf-technical-manual-vol-i-study-design-guidelinesChhay Teng
This document provides guidelines for the study and design of small-scale infrastructure projects funded by the Commune/Sangkat Fund in Cambodia. It introduces the technical forms and template designs used for roads, irrigation systems, water supply, education, health and sanitation projects. Guidelines are given on how to read and use the template drawings, which conform to the standards of relevant line ministries. The manual aims to support good quality project design and construction supervision that can be implemented with locally available skills and resources. Field visits by technical support officers are recommended to verify project needs and objectives.
The document provides an overview of concrete basics, including the materials used to make concrete, properties of concrete in different states, common concrete tests to measure workability and strength, and factors that affect the strength and durability of hardened concrete. Concrete is made by mixing cement, water, coarse and fine aggregates, and sometimes admixtures, and its workability and strength can be tested using slump and compression tests.
Rebar arrangement and construction carryoutChhay Teng
The document discusses rebar arrangement and construction procedures. It begins by emphasizing the importance of thoroughly understanding construction drawings before beginning work. It then provides details on different types of drawings used for construction, including plans, elevations, sections, and structural drawings. Finally, it discusses rebar characteristics, production processes, and standard symbols and terminology used in construction drawings.
1 dimension and properties table of w shapesChhay Teng
This document provides dimension and properties data for various W-shape steel beams, including their area, depth, web and flange dimensions, elastic properties, plastic modulus, and warping properties. Metrics such as the nominal weight, compact section criteria, moment of inertia, plastic section modulus, and warping constant are given for each beam designation. Over 30 different W-shape beams ranging in size from W1120x4.89 to W910x12.37 are listed with their respective dimension and mechanical properties.
2 dimension and properties table of s shapeChhay Teng
This table provides dimensional and mechanical properties for various S-shape steel beams. It includes properties like cross-sectional area, depth, wall thickness, elastic modulus, plastic modulus, shear center location, and weight. Properties are listed for beam designations ranging from S610x1.77 down to S80x0.08. The data allows comparison of key metrics across different standardized beam sizes.
3 dimension and properties table of hp shapeChhay Teng
This table provides dimensional properties and elastic properties for various HP-shape steel beams. It includes measurements like area, depth, web thickness, flange width and thickness, moment of inertia, plastic modulus, and polar moment of inertia. The data is sourced from an online structural drafting resource and specifies properties for beams with designations like HP360x1.71, HP300x1.23, and HP360x0.53.
4 dimension and properties table c shapeChhay Teng
This document provides dimensional and mechanical properties for various C-shaped cross section profiles. It lists nominal dimensions such as depth, web thickness, flange width and thickness, along with mechanical properties including section area, elastic modulus, plastic modulus, shear center location, polar moment of inertia, and warping constant. C-shapes ranging from 380x0.73mm to 80x0.073mm are specified. Key dimensional and mechanical properties are given to characterize each cross sectional geometry.
6 dimension and properties table of ipe shapeChhay Teng
This document provides dimensional properties for various IPE steel beam shapes. It includes dimensions, cross-sectional area, weight, section properties such as moments of inertia, and minimum dimensions for connections. The table lists data for IPE beams ranging from 80 mm to 600 mm, including their height, width, wall thicknesses, and other geometric properties.
This document provides dimensional properties and specifications for different profiles of IPN-shaped steel beams, ranging from IPN 80 to IPN 600. For each profile, it lists dimensions, cross-sectional area, weight, dimensional properties for detailing, and mechanical properties along the strong and weak axes. A total of 24 IPN profiles are defined in the table with increasing dimensions, areas, and load-bearing capacities from smaller to larger sizes.
8 dimension and properties table of equal leg angleChhay Teng
This document provides dimensional properties and specifications for equal leg angle steel beams of various sizes. It includes dimensions, cross-sectional area, weight, position of axes, surface area, and other mechanical properties. Sizes range from 20x20mm to 120x120mm beams with wall thicknesses of 3mm to 13mm.
The document provides dimensional properties for various UPE-shaped steel beams, including their height, width, wall thickness, flange thickness, area, weight, moments of inertia, and other specifications. Dimensions are given in millimeters and kilograms per meter. Beams range in size from a UPE 80 with a height of 80mm up to a UPE 400 with a height of 400mm.
This document provides dimensional properties for various UPN steel beam shapes. It includes dimensions for the height, width, thicknesses, radii, slopes, cross-sectional areas, weights, and other geometric properties. The table lists these specifications for UPN beams ranging in size from 80x45x6 mm to 400x110x14 mm.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAjin Abraham
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
28. Department of Civil Engineering NPIC
Name Thickness Name based on use Use
Section line This is to show a section of an object. It
Outline partition off a section line and a out line
Thickline (0.3 - 0.8) Breaking line and use it.
Typical line
Dimension line You use this when you show a
Indication line dimension line, a indication line, a
Thin line (0.8 or below) Hatching line Hatching line.
This uses the section which an object
Broken Line Middle line Hidden line
when does not display to show.
(thicker than thin line)
You use this when you show the center
Center line
Thin line (0.8 or below) of an object.
Dash dot Line
Cutting line
This marks a situation for an object to
Boundary line
Middle line cut, or it is used a borderline.
Basis line
(thicker than thin line)
Dash double This uses it when you display a section
Middle line Supposition line
dot Line imagined a thing with an object.
(thicker than thin line)
Design Drawing Practice 28