![Fundamentals of Information Technology INFORMATION: Consists of facts and items of knowledge. It can be anything that has meaning to people. Usually information is expressed in words and numbers. However, it can be expressed in other forms, such as sounds, measurements or pictures. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Computer fundamentals
- 1. Fundamentals of IT
- 5. DATA PROCESSING CYCLE * Data received by a computer via its input devices * Stored in memory prior to processing * Data get processed * Results sent to the output devices Memory Processing
- 9. A Computer is a programmable, multipurpose machine that accepts data (e.g. raw data, facts & figures) and processes, or manipulates it into information we can use, such as summaries or totals A COMPUTER E.g. An Automated Teller Machine (ATM) computes the deposits and withdrawals to give you the total in your account.
- 10. A COMPUTER (ISO) Computer: (ISO) A programmable functional unit that consists of one or more associated processing units and peripheral equipment, that is controlled by internally stored programs and that can perform substantial computation, including numerous arithmetic operations or logic operations, without human intervention during a run. A computer may be a stand-alone unit or may consist of several interconnected units.
- 11. PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER The physical components of a computer system such as the computer itself, its inner components and peripherals are called hardware.
- 12. An example of Motherboard
- 14. Input Devices Tracker ball Mouse
- 15. Touch sensitive pad Light pen
- 16. Graphics tablets (digitizers) Touch screen
- 17. Magnetic stripe reader Barcode readers
- 18. Optical character readers (OCR) Optical mark readers (OMR)
- 20. Electronic point of sale terminal (EPOS) Electronic fund transfer at point of sale (EFTPOS)
- 21. Video digitizer Scanner
- 22. Digital cameras
- 23. Output Devices Output devices provide results in a suitable form after data processing. In many cases this will be in the form of hard copy or on a screen. Liquid crystal display (LCD) screens
- 24. Laser printers Inkjet printers
- 25. Color laser printers Color inkjet printers
- 28. Minicomputers :- are smaller than mainframe, general purpose computers, and give computing power without adding the prohibitive expenses associated with larger systems. It is generally easier to use. Small Computer Systems :- is the smallest, least expensive of all the computers. Micro computers have smallest memory and less power, are physically smaller and permit fewer peripherals to be attached.