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1. .
WELCOME
omputer
ONCEPTS
C
GRADE 11

2. LESSON 1
Brief History Of
Computer
and its
Development

3. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson you
should be able to:
 Understand where computer technology originated
 Recognize the development of ICT
 Apply the use of ICT at home, school, and work
 Use ICT in order to keep abreast with current trends

4. ABACUS
 was the first mechanical calculating
device.
 device was first develop by the
Egyptians in the 10th
century BC but
it was given its final shape in the
12th
century AD by the Chinese.

5. Napier bones
Used bone rods
for the device’s
counting
purpose
John Napier , 1617

6. PASCAL’S calculator
Blaise
Pascal
1642
was led to develop a
calculator by the
laborious
arithmetical
calculations required
by his father's work
as the supervisor of
taxes in Rouen.

7. Leibniz calculator
Gottfried
Leibniz,
1671
Modified the Pascal
calculator and
developed a machine
that could perform
various calculations
based on multiplication
and division

8. Analytical Engine
Charles
Babbage,
1833
A device that
could keep data
secure. This
device was
considered as the
first mechanical
computer. It
included a feature
that is used in
todays computer
language..

9. Generations of Computers
Contents A
First Generation Computers
Contents B
Second Generation Computers
Contents D
Fourth Generation Computers
Contents C
Third Generation Computers
Place Your Picture Here

10. First Generation Computers
01
02
03
04
Electronic
Numerical
Integrator and
Calculator or
ENIAC.
.
 was a very huge and big
computer it took up the
space of a whole room
and was only able to
store limited or small
amounts of information.
It was so rudimentary
that a basic cellphone
from year 2000 is 1300
times more powerful
than ENIAC.

11. ENIAC
01
Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations. Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations. Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations. Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique zing and appeal to your Presentations. Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
02
03
04
John Presper
Eckert
John William
Mauchly
1946

12. Second Generation Computers
Transistors, were used as electronic
components instead of vacuum tubes. A
transistor is much smaller than a
vacuum tube , this paved the way for
second generation computers to become
smaller compared with the first
generation computers.

13. Third Generation Computers
You can simply impress
your audience and add a
unique zing and appeal
to your Presentations.
Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
Add Title
You can simply impress
your audience and add a
unique zing and appeal
to your Presentations.
Easy to change colors,
photos and Text.
Add Title
is a superior
performance and
storage capacity,
higher calculating
speed than its
predecessors.
Integrated
Circuits or IC
You can simply impress
your audience and add a
unique zing.
Add Title T.S. Kilby,
1964

14. Fourth Generation Computers
Ted
Hoff
Microprocessor
is a single chip which is used in computer for any
arithmetical or logical function to be performed in in any
program .
Intel
4004

15. Fifth Generation Computers
1st
Contents
3rd
Contents
2nd.
Contents
4th
Contents
ARTIFCIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Is the science and
engineering of
making intelligent
machines by
imitating human
characteristics and
behavior.
AI

16. DATA
Data
and
Information
INFORMATION
can be defined
as represents of
facts , concepts
or instructions
is the processed
data on which
decisions and
actions are based

17. Data processing
01
02
03
04
05
is a simply
the
conversion of
raw data into
meaningful
information
through a
process.

18. DATA PROCESSING
INPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT DATA
PROCESSING
is when the data is subjected to various
means and methods of manipulation.
PROCESSING
INPUT-PROCESING-OUTPUT.
is the task where verified data is coded or
converted into a machine-readable form
so that it can be processed through a
computer.
INPUT
is the stage where processed
information is transmitted to the user.
OUTPUT

19. Is the application of
computers and
telecommunications :
HTTP, GOOGLE
Internet
NOKIA IPHONE
ANROID.
Smartphones
INTERNET
Wireless signals
INFORMATION
AND
COMMINICATIO
N
TECHNOLOGY
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20. Your Picture Here Your Picture Here Your Picture Here

21. At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
Understand how computer works
Recognize the number system
Convert Binary and decimal numbers
HARWARE
COMPONENETS
Objectives

22. COMPUTER HARDWARE
PHYSICAL PARTS OF
COMPUTER
It includes the
Electrical parts, electronic parts, and
mechanical parts of a computer.
Computer working principle
Is a process of entering data in a computer by
means of input devices, which are then
processed and stored in a system unit as data
representation, and finally displayed through an
output device .
Input
Devices
System
unit
Output
Devices

23. DATA REPRESENTATION
DATA
REPRESENATION
Refers to the form
wherein data is stored,
processed and
transmitted.
Example devices
PDAs, tablets, and
computers store text,
sounds, and images
BITS
bytes

24. Number System
A value each digit
in number can be
determined using:
The digit;
The position of the
digit in the number;
The base of the
number system .
Decimal Number System
Binary Number System
Octal Number System
There are several number
systems that computer
Hexadecimal Number System

25. o Is the foundation of
modern computers and
digital communication
DIGITAL
ELECTRONICS
COMPUTER HARDWARE .

26. Digital Electronics
01
03
05
02
04
06
Read- Only Memory
 It keeps its content even when the
computer is turned off. This is because
once data has been written onto a ROM
Chip, it can not be removed, but can
only be read.
1. Computer Chips
Also known as microchip or chip is a
type of integrated circuit
Random access memory
 It is located on one or more microchips
that are physically close the
microprocessor of a computer.
2. Microprocessor
Also as processor it also an integrated
circuit designed.
Instruction Set
 Is the set of instructions that the
microprocessor can execute at one time .
Bandwidth
 Is the number of bits processed in an
single instruction.
Clock speed
 Determines how many instructions per
second the microprocessor can execute.
3. Computer Memory
Is a physical device that stores information
such as instructions and data in a place
that microprocessors can quickly access.

27. Storage Devices
D
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I
T
A
L
V
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R
S
A
T
I
L
E
D
I
S
C
U
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I
V
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A
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B
U
Is an optical disc
which, due to its
larger capacity
mostly used for
video storage.
DVD
Is the successor to
DVD .
Blue-ray Disc
Optical disk used
for data storage
Capacity standard
is 700 MB
CD
Is a type flash
memory used to
store data in digit
cameras CP, MP3
players
Memory Card

28. Input Devices
Is used for a data
entry and issuing
commands. .
Keyboard
Is used to load
data (image, text,
etc.) from the
printed materials
into a computer. .
Scanner
Is an input device
that facilitates work
with the graphical
user interface GUI.
Mouse
Unlike a mouse, is
not movable.
Trackball

29. Input Devices
Is mainly used in
computer games.
Joystick
Is a device that
converts sound
into an electrical
signal, which can
be stored in a
computer..
Microphone
Is used for transmission of hand
movement, but unlike working
with a mouse, the user is the one
who determines the position of
the cursor by touching the
touchpad.
Touchpad
Enables
handwriting on
screen and can be
used as a mouse.
Light pen

30. Input Devices
Unlike analog,
stores photographs
in digital format. . .
Digital
Camera
Is used to load
data (image, text,
etc.) from the
printed materials
into a computer. .
Scanner
Is a device that
converts sound
into an electrical
signal which can
be stored in a
computer.
Microphone
Is a camera that
stores video
signals in a format
appropriate for
video transfer over
the Internet in real
time.
Webcam

31. Output Devices
Is a device used
for printing, data
from a computer
onto a paper. .
Printer
Is a popular output
device used with
computer systems..
Speaker
Displays images
from the computer.
Monitor
Is a device used to
project a computer
image or other images
from independent
devices such as DVD
players and Blu-ray
player onto can vas or
a wall
Projector

32. Classification of
Computers

33. Classification of Computers
Types
No. of Users at
one Time
Size Typical user/ Purpose
PC One
Fits on a desk, on a
lap, or in a hand
Used by individuals for
organizing information,
creating products and
entertainment
Minicomputer Several to hundreds
Occupies part of a
room
Used by small to medium-
sized organization, such as
schools
Mainframe
(Supercomputer)
Thousands Room-sized
Used by large corporations
and government agencies

34. Classifications
of
Computers
A. Personal Computer
Personal Computer (PC) as the name
suggests, is intended for personal use.
B. Laptop or Tablet PC
Used by individuals who need to travel
with a computer or simply want to use
them for aesthetic reasons when
computing power is not an issue.
C. Portable Digital Devices
1. Personal Digital Assistant
2. Mobile Phone
3. Smartphone

35. Computer System Unit
A. Desktop Casing
B. Towers

36. Parts of a Computer System Unit
Is a central part of a computer and
can be referred to as the
computer’s brain
3. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
Is a small capacity memory
which allows quick access to
data
4. Cache
Stored Devices.
5. RAM & ROM
Is the computer’s basic unit
circuit, to which all computer
components are connected,
directly or indirectly.
1. Motherboard MBO
Describes a manner in which
communication between devices
is defined. .
2. Protocol
a. Serial- USB, FIREWIRE
b. Parallel-AGP,PCI
c. Mixed- Hyper Transport,
InfiniBand, PCI.

37. Parts of a Computer System Unit
.
.
1.
. .
3. CD-ROM Drive.
1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
is a place for permanent
data storage. It does not
disappear when the
computer shuts down.
2. Floppy Disk Drive
is used for storing and
reading data stored on
a floppy disk with a disk
capacity of 1.44MB.
4. DVD Drive
5. Soundcard
is a device used for sound
creation and production by
means of computer
speakers.
6. Graphics card
is responsible for image processing
and displaying it on a monitor. It has
its own graphics processor and
memory. Image quality depends on
the strength of these components.
7. Modem
enables computers to communicate via telephone
lines. They connect computers to the Internet.
8. Connectors or ports
are slots on the back and the front side of
a Computer.

38. Common Input /Output
Ports
1.Universal Serial Bus (USB) is used
to connect various devices, such as
mouse, keyboard, USB memory, etc.
2.Serial port is used for connecting
almost any type of device,
including a mouse, modem, etc.
(labeled COM1 or COM2).
3.Parallel port is used for connecting a
local printer and other peripherals
(LPTI or LPT2).
4.Network port is used for connecting
computers to a network
5. Fire wire is used for connecting
computers and audio-video devices,
like digital cameras.

39. Computer Performance
1.Speed of the CPU-The speed of the CPU is
also known as the clock speed of the CPU, It
refers to the amount of cycles that a CPu can
perform per
Second.
2.Size of the RAM-The RAM is referred to as
the active part of the computer. This is because
the RAM has the capability of storing data that
the computer currently uses. It is faster to
retrieve data stored in the RAM.
3.Speed of the hard disk - The hard disk
speed is defined as the rate at which material
and content can be read and written on it. The
higher the speed of the hard disk, the faster the
performance of the computer, and vice
versa.
4.Hard disk space - If the hard disk is
filled with data, it tends to use most of the
memory, leaving less for the operations of the
processor.
5.Multiple applications running on the
computer More applications running at the
same time will affect the computers
performance.
6.Fragmented files Fragmented files take a
longer time to fetch or access because they are
broken into many
pieces.
https://
www.youtube.com/
watch?
v=AkFi90lZmXA

40. Software
Components of
Computer

41. Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 understand how software directs the
computer to manage its resources;
 distinguish between system software and application
software
 understand copyright and copyright violations;
 understand software license

42. COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Computer Software
Also called program or application, is a set
of instructions that tells a computer how to
perform tasks.
System CS Application

43. System Software
Proprietary
Software .
Mac OS
LIMITED EDITION IT
USES IN BUSINESS
COMPANY
UBUNTU
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE .
LINUX
Proprietary software
XP VISTA 7 8 10
Microsoft
Windows

44. APPLICATION Software
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Illustrator
Canvas CorelDraw.
Program For editing
Dota2, NBA 2K18
Need for Speed
Games
Avira, Norton,
Kaspersky, Avast
Antivirus
Google Chrome
Mozilla Firefox
Internet Explorer
Opera Safari
Internet Browser
DATABASE

45. THANK YOU

46. INTRODUCTION TO
DATABASE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
LESSON
2

52. What is the purpose of a
Database Management System?
Data Information Knowledge Action
Is to Transform

53. PURPOSE OF DATABASE SYSTEMS
https://www.slideserve.com/jescie-rodgers/what-is-a-
database

54. DATABASE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
https://www.interviewbit.com/dbms-interview-
questions/

55. DBMS

56. Structure of DBMS
Theoretical
https://
www.slideserve.com/jescie-
rodgers/what-is-a-database

57. Logical level: This level
comprises the information that is
actually stored in the database in the
form of tables. It also stores the
relationship among the data entities in
relatively simple structures. At this
level, the information available to the
user at the view level is unknown
Physical level: This is the
lowest level of data abstraction. It
describes how data is actually stored in
database. You can get the complex data
structure details at this level. Logical
level: This is the middle level of 3-level
data abstraction architecture.

67. Used for manipulating data , Structure of
table commands
SELECT- to select attribute or to see table
Insert- (to insert rows in table)
Update- (to update information)
Delete-(to delete particular data in table)

68. Data Base Management System
https://www.slideserve.com/jescie-rodgers/what-is-a-database

69. THANK
YOU!!!!!

70. Flowcharting
 Shapes used in
flowchart
 Purpose of flowchart
LESSON 3

71. At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 To explain the importance of flowchart planning
 To interpret flowchart.
 To design their own flowchart.
 To solve problems using flowchart.
 Distinguish the weakness and strengths of Flowchart
OBJECTIVES

72. A flowchart is simply a graphical
representation of steps. It shows steps in
sequential order and is widely used in
presenting the flow of algorithms, workflow or
processes. Typically, a flowchart shows the
steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order
by connecting them with arrows.
FLOWCHART

74. PURPOSE OF FLOWCHART
Improved Communication
Visual Clarity
Effective Analysis
Problem Solving
Documentation

75. Lesson 4
Safety Signs and Symbols

76. At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
 to explain the importance of Safety
 to distinguished the difference between ergonomics and aesthetics
 to determine the 5s methodology
 to explained the meaning of safety
OBJECTIVES

77. Safety Symbols are labels portraying graphics set
forth by the International Standards
Organization (ISO) which are recognized
internationally. This helps ensure the dangers
present are understood by an increasingly multi-
lingual workforce. The shapes and colours of the
safety symbols distinguish the hazard type or
hazard instruction.
Safety Signs and Symbols

78. These Safety symbols are divides into four (4) categories:
1.Prohibition Symbols
2. Warning Symbols
3. Mandatory sign
4. Emergency sign

79. These Safety symbols are divides into four (4) categories
1.Prohibition Symbols
The prohibition symbols gives information about a
dangerous behaviour, Stop, Shutdown, Emergency cut-out
devices or evacuate. Round shaped with a
black pictogram on white background or red edging with a
red diagonal line.
2. Warning Symbols
Warning sign has a yellow background. It tell you to
be careful, to take precautions, and also warns about
nearby hazards. The sign do has a triangular shape, black
pictogram on yellow background and black edging.

80. These Safety symbols are divides into four (4) categories
3. Mandatory sign
Mandatory sign tells you about a specific behavior or
action. It’s always round in shape with white pictogram on
blue background.
4. Emergency sign
Emergency sign always have a green background pasted
on doors, exits, escape routes, equipment and facilities,
etc. It is rectangular or square shape with white pictogram
on green background.

81. IMPORTANT SAFETY SYMBOLS LISTED BELOW
Serious Health Hazard Oxidizing Agent Gas Under Pressure Flammable
Explosive Toxic Material Face Shield and Eye Protection Required
https://hsewatch.com/21-important-safety-symbols-and-their-meanings

82. Ergonomics and Aesthetics

83. What is Ergonomics?
Ergonomics is referred to the science of
matching jobs, systems, products as well
as environments to the capabilities and
limitations of the worker. The study of
designing equipment and devices that fit to
the human body, its movements, and its
cognitive abilities is also referred to as
Ergonomics. Ergonomics is the
design a NEUTRAL POSITION meaning
ligaments or tendons are not pulling on
bones or other muscles.
https://www.ergonomics.com.au/what-
is-ergonomics/

84. What is Aesthetics?
Aesthetics - is a branch of philosophy
dealing with the nature of beauty, art,
and taste, and with the creation and
appreciation of beauty. It is more
scientifically defined as the study of
sensory or sensory-emotional values,
sometimes called judgments of
sentiment and taste. More broadly,
scholars in the field define aesthetics as
"critical reflection on art, culture and
nature.
https://slideplayer.com/slide/8363179/

85. 5S Methodology
The 5S methodology is a systematic approach to workplace organization.

86. THANK YOU!!!!