This document provides an overview of basic computer operation, including hardware components, operating systems, disk capacities, applications, and internet applications. It discusses the typical parts of a computer system, such as the case, motherboard, RAM, hard drive, and removable media. Common operating systems like Windows, Mac OS, and Linux are covered. Basic functions like installing software, saving files, and using internet browsers are also summarized. The document concludes with sections on computer viruses and security updates.

1. BASIC COMPUTERBASIC COMPUTER
OPERATIONOPERATION

2. OUTLINEOUTLINE
 Computer HardwareComputer Hardware
 Operating systemsOperating systems
 TermsTerms
 Disk capacitiesDisk capacities
 VirusesViruses
 Applications and DocumentsApplications and Documents
 InstallInstallationation/reinstall/reinstallationation
 Internet ApplicationsInternet Applications

3. Computer HardwareComputer Hardware
 CaseCase
 Power switchPower switch
 Reset switchReset switch
 Hard driveHard drive
 FloppyFloppy
 CD/DVDCD/DVD
 Serial portsSerial ports
 Parallel portParallel port
 USB portUSB port
 Keyboard/mouseKeyboard/mouse
 Network cardNetwork card
 ModemModem
 Sound cardSound card
 Video cardVideo card
 RAMRAM
 MotherboardMotherboard
 FanFan
 CablesCables

4. The basic system including keyboard,The basic system including keyboard,
mouse and monitor.mouse and monitor.

5. What is in the box?What is in the box?
MotherboardMotherboard

7. Typical parts of a motherboard.Typical parts of a motherboard.
ABIT SE6

8. CablingCabling
For items in or attached
to a system to work
properly they must be
securely connected.

9. Operating systemsOperating systems
 All computer systems have an operating system.All computer systems have an operating system.
Currently, there are three dominate typical userCurrently, there are three dominate typical user
operating systems.operating systems.
 Macintosh OS,Macintosh OS,
 Microsoft Windows OSMicrosoft Windows OS,,
 LinuxLinux..

10. TermsTerms
 A:A: Floppy diskFloppy disk C: Local disk D: Local diskC: Local disk D: Local disk (partition)(partition)
 RAM = Random Access Memory. The thinking space available to a computer toRAM = Random Access Memory. The thinking space available to a computer to
use while performing operations. The space is emptied outuse while performing operations. The space is emptied out when the computer iswhen the computer is
turned off.turned off.
 DDIRECTORYIRECTORY == AAn organizational structure on disks to file management easier.n organizational structure on disks to file management easier.
Directories also become a local region for the computer to hunt forDirectories also become a local region for the computer to hunt for other filesother files
related to the current file.related to the current file.
 DOCUMENT = A file created using an application. The file is only useful usingDOCUMENT = A file created using an application. The file is only useful using
the application that created it or a similar application that canthe application that created it or a similar application that can convert it.convert it.
 APPLICATION = A program that allows a computer to perform a certainAPPLICATION = A program that allows a computer to perform a certain
function.function.

11. Disk capacitiesDisk capacities
 FloppyFloppy:: 1.4 MB1.4 MB
 Hard disk:Hard disk: 160160 GGB – 2 TBB – 2 TB
 CDCD 700 - 800700 - 800 MBMB
 DVDDVD 4.7 GB4.7 GB
18 GB18 GB
1 KB = 1024 BYTE
1 MB = 1024 KB
1 GB = 1024 MB
1 TB = 1024 PB
1 PB = 1024 EB

12. CDs, DVDsCDs, DVDs BackupBackup

13. Identify and use icons,Identify and use icons,
windows, menuswindows, menus
 Point, click, double-click, drag & dropPoint, click, double-click, drag & drop
 Minimize and maximize a windowMinimize and maximize a window
 Use pull-down menusUse pull-down menus
 Select, open, and move an iconSelect, open, and move an icon
 Select, open, move, and close a windowSelect, open, move, and close a window
 Resize a windowResize a window
 Scroll a windowScroll a window
 AActivate and de-activate a windowctivate and de-activate a window
 Start an application and create a documentStart an application and create a document

14. Name, save, retrieve, revise aName, save, retrieve, revise a
documentdocument
 Name a documentName a document (!)(!)
 Save a documentSave a document
 Retrieve a document from floppy diskRetrieve a document from floppy disk
 Retrieve a document from hard diskRetrieve a document from hard disk
 Re-name a documentRe-name a document
 Edit and re-save a documentEdit and re-save a document
 Print a documentPrint a document
 Create and name foldersCreate and name folders
 Save, open, and place documents inside foldersSave, open, and place documents inside folders

15. ApplicationsApplications
 Open and work with more than one applicationOpen and work with more than one application
at a timeat a time
 To switch between themTo switch between them forfor WindowsWindows:: click on theclick on the
applicationapplication at the "TASKBAR"at the "TASKBAR" down on the screendown on the screen
 AltAlt &&TABTAB buttonbutton

16. Install/reinstall and update systemInstall/reinstall and update system
software and driverssoftware and drivers

17. Internet ApplicationsInternet Applications
BROWSERSBROWSERS
 MozillaMozilla
 Internet ExplorerInternet Explorer
http://www.vfu.bg
http: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
edu: Education (gov, org, com, ...)

18. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
 TheThe simplest and most secure way tosimplest and most secure way to eexchange files over thexchange files over the
Internet.Internet.
 FTPFTP Client isClient is thethe software that is designed to transfer files back-software that is designed to transfer files back-
and-forth between two computers over the Internet. It needs toand-forth between two computers over the Internet. It needs to
be installed onbe installed on thethe computer and can only be used with a livecomputer and can only be used with a live
connection to theconnection to the Internet.Internet. (Browsers, WS-Ftp, SSH, Cute-(Browsers, WS-Ftp, SSH, Cute-
Ftp,...)Ftp,...)
PC ARF

19. VirusesViruses
 Viruses are programs that reproduce themselves into the files of your computerViruses are programs that reproduce themselves into the files of your computer
 Anti-virus softwareAnti-virus software and automatic updateand automatic update
 Mcafee Virus ScanMcafee Virus Scan
Configuration of Automatic Mcafee Virus Update via FTPConfiguration of Automatic Mcafee Virus Update via FTP
http://www.math.metu.edu.tr/department/doc/virus/virus_update.htmlhttp://www.math.metu.edu.tr/department/doc/virus/virus_update.html
 Current security patches applied to operating system and applications.Current security patches applied to operating system and applications.
 Do not openDo not open any unexpected attachments that are e-mailed to you. (Particularlyany unexpected attachments that are e-mailed to you. (Particularly
“.exe” files.)“.exe” files.)

20. REFERENCESREFERENCES
 Computer Fundamentals for TeachersComputer Fundamentals for Teachers , Major Competencies, Major Competencies
 Basic Computer Operation and TroubleshootingBasic Computer Operation and Troubleshooting