Computer systems are now relied on for many business operations including warehousing and inventory control. In warehousing, computers can be used with rugged tablets, mobile barcode scanners, RFID technology, and vehicle-mounted computers to automate tasks like tracking inventory, processing orders, and managing warehouse flow. Inventory control systems also now often utilize computer software to track levels in real-time and automate reordering.

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Computer Application in Warehousing
and Inventory Control
vaghela_ma
nisha13@ya
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By
Manisha Vaghela

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Flow of Presentation
1.)Introduction of Computer application and
warehousing
2.) Definition of warehousing
3.) What is Warehousing ?
4.)Types of warehouses
5.)Computer application in warehousing
6.)Introduction of inventory control
7.) Definitions of inventory control
8.) What is an Inventory Control System?

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9.) Inventory Control Software: What It Is ?
10.) Computer application in inventory control
11.) Inventory control procedures in computer
application
Conclusion
12.)Review of the Topic
13.)Bibliography

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Introduction of Computer application
• Finding computer applications for various
aspects of a company's operations has, in
recent years, become an increasingly vital task
of many small business owners.
• Indeed, computers are an integral part of the
business landscape today, in part because they
can be an effective tool in so many different
aspects of a business's daily operations.

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• Computer systems are now relied on for a broad
spectrum of duties, including bookkeeping,
business communications , warehousing ,
product design, manufacturing, inventory
control, and marketing.
• Indeed, a 1997 survey conducted by Sales &
Management magazine indicated that 85
percent of respondents felt that technology was
increasing the efficiency of their sales force,
while another 62 percent concluded that it was
helping them increase their sales.

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Introduction of warehouse
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• A warehouse is a commercial building for
storage of goods. Warehouses are used by
manufacturers, importers, exporters,
wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc.
They are usually large plain buildings in
industrial areas of cities and towns. They usually
have loading docks to load and unload goods
from trucks.

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• Sometimes warehouses are designed for the
loading and unloading of goods directly from
railways, airports, or seaports. They often have
cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are
usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded
into pallet racks.
• Stored goods can include any raw materials,
packing materials, spare parts, components, or
finished goods associated with agriculture,
manufacturing, or commerce.

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Warehouse IMAGES

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What is Warehousing ?
• Warehousing is the management of materials
while they are in storage . It includes storing
,dispersing , ordering , and accounting for all
materials and finished goods from the beginning
to the end of the production process
warehousing facilities may range from small
stockrooms to large , highly mechanized
facilities.

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There are a number of types of inventories that
must be warehoused:
1. Raw materials inventories
2. Work-in-process inventories
3. Finished goods inventories
4. Distribution center inventories

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• The inventory management within a warehouse
involves much planning and organization . the flow
of materials through the warehouse and the method
of movement are important.
• Warehouse activities include receiving , putting
away , storing ,order picking, packaging and pricing
,sorting ,and shipping . In a hospital warehouse , for
example ,materials management workers receive
supplies from shippers . They check the packing slip
for completeness and attach it to a copy of the
purchase order .Then , they “put away” the product
in a preassigned warehouse location for storage .
The order picking takes place when a hospital units
requests the product.

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• Then ,packaging takes place, if necessary , and codes
are placed on the product for pricing and inventory
scanning . The products are sorted according to
delivery destination within the hospital and then
“shipped” to the unit.
• A retailer would go through a similar process. Best
buy ,for example ,receives plasma television sets
from pioneer , matches the invoice to the purchase
order , and places the sets in a warehouse location
with an attached bar code for pricing and location .
when a set is ready to be delivered to a customer ,it
is “picked” and shipped.

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• Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) for inventory
require a major capital investment . Tracks are
laid along the warehouse floor . If an inventory
picker wants a box of nails ,he or she specifies
that box on a computer ,and an AVG moves to
the correct location and extends a crane to the
location and retrieves the box of nails , tip-ping
it into a bucket.

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• Bar codes have been integrated into retailing and
supermarket information systems , so that in a
supermarket when the cashier scans an item it not
only deducts it from the inventory but may actually
trigger a reorder of the item.
• Other mechanized materials-handling systems
include forklifts , Ryder trucks ,towlines that may be
either in the floor or mounted ,tractor trailers ,
conveyors , and carousels.

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Types of warehouses
1.)Automation and optimization
Some warehouses are completely automated,
and require only operators to work and handle
all the task. Pallets and product move on a
system of automated conveyors, cranes and
automated storage and retrieval systems
coordinated by programmable logic controllers
and computers running logistics automation
software.

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2.)Modern trends
• Traditional warehousing has declined since the last decades
of the 20th century, with the gradual introduction of Just In
Time (JIT) techniques. The JIT system promotes product
delivery directly from suppliers to consumer without the use of
warehouses. The distance between the manufacturer and the
retailer (or the parts manufacturer and the industrial plant)
grew considerably in many domains, necessitating at least
one warehouse per country or per region in any typical supply
chain for a given range of products.
• Recent retailing trends have led to the development of
warehouse-style retail stores. These high-ceiling buildings
display retail goods on tall, heavy duty industrial racks rather
than conventional retail shelving.

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3.)Cool Warehouses/ Cold Storage
• Cold storages preserve agricultural produce at low
temperature. Refrigerated storage helps in eliminating
sprouting , rottage and tuber moth damage and in
reducing weight loss of the agricultural produce. The
edible products are generally not stored for more than
one year. Several cold storage store perishable products
which require the storage temperature as low as -25 C.
• Cold storage helps stabilize market prices and evenly
distribute goods both on demand basis and time basis.
The farmers get opportunity of producing cash crops to
get remunerative prices. The consumers get the supply
of perishable commodities with lower fluctuation of
prices .

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4.) Internet impact
• Internet-based stores do not require physical retail
space, but still require warehouses to store goods. This
kind of warehouse fills many small orders directly from
end customers rather than fewer orders of many items
from stores.
• Having a large and complex supply chain containing
many warehouse can be costly. It may be beneficial for a
company to have one large warehouse per continent,
typically located centrally to transportation. At these
continental hubs, goods may be customized for different
countries. For example, goods get a price ticket in the
language of the destination country. Small, in-warehouse
adjustments to goods are called value added services.

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•Computer Application in
Warehousing

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Computer Application in Warehousing
1.) Winmate Rugged tablet PC in warehousing
2.) Mobile barcode scanner in warehousing
3.) RFID Technology and Computer Vision in warehouse
4.) CK3 mobile computer
5.) TPWE new pallet truck scale with ENTERPRISE weight indicator
6.) JLT vehicle-mount computer is warehouse ready straight out of the
box

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1.)Rugged tablet PC in warehousing

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Features include :
• 7" Wide TFT Active Matrix Outdoor-readable Touch
Panel
• Ultra Low Power Consumption
• Fully Rugged Mobile POS for Warehousing/Vehicle
Computer Application
• Meets MIL-STD-810F, Whole Machine IP54 Grade,
Drop Resistant from Height of 122cm
• High Mobility, Multi-network Connectivity
(Bluetooth/WLAN/HSUPA 3.75G/GPS)
• Multi-identification Devices (Barcode, RFID, MSR)
• Hot-swappable Dual-batteries, Providing Battery Life up
to 8 Hours
• 61-key Keypad

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Video of Rugged tablet PC

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2.) Mobile barcode scanner in hoo.com
warehousing

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Features include :
• Arbor has recognised the need to use mobile
computers in everyday demanding
environments such as warehouse management
and outdoor services and in response has
developed a number of Rugged Industrial PC
Tablet Systems.
• The systems are designed for low power
consumption whilst offering the optimum in
processing speed along with multiple I/O
functionality and ease of use.

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Video of Mobile barcode reader

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3.) RFID Technology and Computer
Vision in warehouse
• Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems have
become an effective way to track inventories . An
RFID tag is a device that communicates with a label
that contains a computer chip or an antenna
.According to sophos (2004), an enterprise
architect’s blog.
• The RFID reader may be a fixed antenna or it may
be portable , like a bar cord labels you see
everywhere today , but with more intelligence. The
advantage of these more intelligence. The advantage
of these more intelligent systems is that , unlike

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• Bar code tracking systems, an RFID system can
read the information on a tag without requiring
line of sight or a particular orientation . This
means that RFID systems can be largely
automated , reducing the need for manual
scanning.
• An example of an “active” RFID tag is the
tollbooth that reads a device installed in your car
. an example of a “passive” RFRD is a bar code
reader typically used in warehouses.

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Video of RFID Technology and
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Computer Vision in warehouse

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4.) ck3 mobile computer
• The Intermec CK3 rugged mobile computer was
announced in September of 2008 as an addition to
Intermec's lineup of rugged CN and CK Series
mobile computers. There is a degree of overlap, so
interested parties should carefully study all the
offerings to arrive at the one best suited for the job.
As is, the new CK3 is a highly adaptable data and
image capturing device with various capture
methods and secure wireless communications
capabilities. The device is primarily targeted
towards warehouse operations and retail, though it
is suitable for tasks well beyond that.

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Features include :
• 1D and 2D barcode scanning, 802.11a/b/g WiFi with Cisco CCX
certification, Voice over IP support, speech recognition, integrated
Bluetooth, RFID reader option, handheld or "gun" formats, remote device
management, and support for various compatible Intermec mobile printers.
• Scanning is one of the CK3's strong sides. You can order the machine with
one of three scanners: a 1D linera imager, a 2D area imager, and a 2D near-
far auto-focusing area imager.
• The device can also accommodate a field-attachable RFID reader via
Bluetooth or USB.
• Overall, the Intermec CK3 is a rugged, handy mobile computer for
warehousing and retail applications based on Microsoft's latest version of
Windows CE, equipped with wireless communication and a variety of data
scanning and data entry options, including RFID. The device communicates
with mobile Intermec printers and supports a host of specialized Intermec
software such as terminal emulation support packages such as TE2000 and
iBrowse, and Intermec SmartSystems.

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Video of ck3 mobile computer

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5.)TPWE new pallet truck scale with
ENTERPRISE weight indicator

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• Dini Argeo is pleased to introduce the new TPWE series pallet truck
scale fitted with 3590EXP digital weight indicator which integrates
all the benefits of the ENTERPRISE range on a true mobile
weighing station.
• Ideal for handling goods in the warehouse, logistics’ platforms,
formulation, totalisation, and piece counting applications.
Particularly suitable for all those activities that require a continuous
use of the instrument, provided by the removable battery kit.
LThe wide range of available interfaces makes the integration easier
with the company’s computer system, offering an advanced data
management.

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ADVANTAGES OF THE ENTERPRISE
WEIGHT INDICATOR
• Complete customization of the functions’ keys.
• Standard fitted with alibi memory, for the
weighs storage and the approved data
transmission to a PC.
• Completely configurable printouts.
• Wide range of interfaces, such as radio modules,
Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, for communicate with PC
or other external devices.

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6.)JLT vehicle-mount computer is
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warehouse ready straight out of the
box

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• An advanced rugged vehicle-mount PC from JLT is
set to offer a benchmark for warehouse computers.
The tough JLT 1214 is designed to take on any kind
of warehouse application, from cold stores to high
temperature environments.
• The JLT 1214 is ready for work straight out of the
box. The computer can handle voltages from 9 to
72V DC and simply plugs into the vehicle power
supply – no special power adapters are
necessary. In addition the device can withstand
power outages of up to 10 minutes and can be
swapped easily between vehicles.

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• “With an IP65 water-tight rating and resilience
to shock and vibration, the computer is designed
for trouble-free operation. In addition, the easy-
to-use 12-inch touchscreen display allows use in
bright and poor light conditions, which makes it
ideal for use on vehicles that move between
yards and warehouses,”

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Computer application
in inventory control

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Introduction of inventory control
 Inventory is an essential part of any production
system. Low inventory may lead to stock outs which
result in lost production, inability to meet deadlines,
customer dissatisfaction and loss of goodwill. A high
inventory level blocks huge capital which is a scarce
resource for any enterprise.
 It can be concluded that is mandatory to carry
certain amount of raw material, semi finished
products, and finished products. These, respectively,
are known as the raw-material inventory, work-in-
process inventory and finished product inventory.

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• The ultimate challenge in managing inventory is
balancing the supply of inventory with demand
for inventory. In other words, a company would
ideally want to have enough inventory to satisfy
the demands of its customers for its products –
no lost sales due to inventory stock-outs.
However, the company does not want to have
too much inventory supply on hand because of
the cost of carrying inventory. Enough but not
too much is the ultimate objective!

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Definition of inventory control
 Inventories are stock of materials of any kinds stored for
future use, mainly in the production process. Thus,
today’s inventory is tomorrow’s production. However,
semi-finished goods awaiting use in the next process or
finished goods awaiting release for sale are also included
in the broad category of inventories, which are nothing
but idle resources. Therefore, inventories are materials
or resources of any kind having some economic value,
either awaiting conversion or use in future.
 Inventory control refers to “ the process whereby the
investment in materials and parts carried in stock is
regulated within predetermined limits set in accordance
with inventory policy established by the management.”

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What is an Inventory Control System?
• An inventory control system is a set of hardware
and software based tools that automate the
process of tracking inventory. The kinds of
inventory tracked with an inventory control
system can include almost any type of
quantifiable good, including food, clothing,
books, equipment, and any other item that
consumers, retailers, or wholesalers may
purchase. Modern inventory control systems are
almost exclusively based on barcode
technology.

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• Though barcodes were initially developed to
automate the process of grocery store checkout,
their ability to encode a wide variety of
alphabetic and numeric symbols makes them
ideal for encoding merchandise for inventory
applications. Inventory control systems work in
real-time using wireless technology to transmit
information to a central computer system as
transactions occur.

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• Inventory Control Software: What It Is ?
Inventory control software keeps track of all
information about the items that your company
builds, buys, stores or sells. Inventory control
software simplifies the management of pricing
products and helps maintain the most effective
stock levels. Inventory software lets you know
exactly what you have on hand and where to
find it. A smart inventory control module will also
alert you when it's most advantageous to re-
order stock.

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What Industries Use Inventory
Control Systems?
• Inventory control systems are employed in a
wide variety of applications, but they all revolve
around tracking delivery of goods to customers.
Inventory control is crucial in retail stores,
especially those with a large number or variety
of merchandise items for sale. Inventory control
is also used in warehouses to track orders and
shipments, and for automated order processing.
Other important applications of inventory control
systems are in manufacturing, shipping, and
receiving.

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Computer application in inventory control
• For a small business that offers and sells products, problems
in inventory might occur from time to time. Fortunately, there
are lots of small business inventory control software
applications configured to help solve such problems.
• A small business inventory control software handles inventory
by checking which products are moving and which are not. In
addition to that, it also keeps track of product supply. This lets
you quickly verify which items should be replenished and
which need to be moved.
• In tracking revenues, a small business inventory control
software provides relevant customer related information. This
contains the name of the purchaser, the transaction date, the
amount ordered, the method of payment used and the like.

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• The software program can, therefore, provide you a
sales report at the end of each day. You may
additionally choose to print out filtered reports that
can be greatly helpful during meetings and in
preparing business reports. The computer software
can even accomplish the sales tax report in your
behalf.
• You wouldn’t have to worry about losing stocks,
which typically results to meager sales. It is
definitely helpful to try a software that can check
inventory to help you secure your small business.
What are you waiting for? Go ahead and purchase
one right away.

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• Accurate, up-to-date inventory software is critical to
business success. If you are looking to reduce costly
inventory errors, improve your ability to meet customer
demands, and lower your operational costs, the right
inventory control software program is an indispensable
business resource. With so many choices, finding the
right program to meet your particular needs can be
difficult. Understanding the different features and
capabilities available to you is the first step in making
sure you make the right decision.
• Many inventory control software programs are available
to you. You'll find links to options from this page. Read
on to find out more. Or use our matching service to find
the inventory software best-suited to your needs.

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Inventory Control Software Benefits:
1. Avoid back orders
2. Improve customer satisfaction by having
inventory on hand
3. Free up cash resources by not having too
much stock
4. Improve labor utilization by avoiding waits for
inventory
5. Avoid overstocks and liquidation of inventory
below cost or at reduced profits
6. Reduce time spent managing inventory

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7. It can help a worker locate the items on the
order list in the warehouse, it can encode
shipping information like tracking numbers and
delivery addresses, and it can remove these
purchased items from the inventory tally to keep
an accurate count of in-stock items. All of this
data works in tandem to provide businesses with
real-time inventory tracking information.
Inventory control systems make it simple to
locate and analyze inventory information in real-
time with a simple database search.

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Inventory control procedures in
computer application
• Inventory control procedures vary in complexity
and accuracy , from no noticeable control to
computerized systems for distribution and
production .In between these extremes are
simple visual controls , the two –bin system ,and
cardex system.
• We briefly examine here two of the systems
1.)A cardex file System 2.) IBM’s computerized
MAPICS(The Manufacturing accounting and
Production Information Control System)

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1.)A cardex file System
• The cardex file system has variations ,but the essential
features are as follows:
1.)There is a card for every stock item ; the cards are filed
on a rotating drum or file cabinet in a central location.
2.)On the top of each card is the computed operating
doctrine .The supply source(vendor)may be listed here
also.
3.)The balance of the card is a ledger stating beginning
inventory ,orders ,placed ,orders received , issues from
stores , and current inventory levels . Each time a
transaction is made ,an entry with the corresponding
date is recorded . when physical inventories are taken ,
cards are adjusted to reflect current actual inventories.

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• Even though simplicity is the main advantage ,
remote-terminal computers hooked into central
processing computers have made this cardox
procedure all but obsolete for Multilocation
distribution and manufacturing firms. Computers
are less costly than cardex systems , especially when
combined with automated identification such as bar
–corders. Cardex file are still useful,however,for
small and medium-sized organizations with limited
computer access,even though microcomputers offer
a good alternative for the progressive ,small
business owner.

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2.)IBM’S MAPICS
The Manufacturing Accounting and Production
Information Control System(MAPICS) is a series
of modules for information and control in
manufacturing . modules include financial ,
order processing and accounting , and
manufacturing applications as well as a guide
for implementation planning .The key module
for control includes product management ,
material requirements planning (MRP) ,

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• Inventory management , and production costing
and control applications.IBM suggests that the
benefits of the inventory management
application include improved plant productivity
, reduced time required of inventory personnel ,
reduced inventory investment and storage space,
improved customer service , and establishment
of the basic inventory data and status reports
required for MRP.
• Production/operations managers will find
computer and software companies eager to help
them find a system that will fit their needs.

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Advantages
• There are several advantages to using inventory management software in a
business setting.
Cost savings
• In many cases, a company’s inventory represents one of its largest
investments, along with its workforce and locations. Inventory management
software helps companies cut expenses by minimizing the amount of
unnecessary parts and products in storage . It also helps companies keep
lost sales to a minimum by having enough stock on hand to meet demand.
Warehouse organization
• Inventory management software can help distributors, wholesalers,
manufacturers and retailers optimize their warehouses. If certain products
are often sold together or are more popular than others, those products can
be grouped together or placed near the delivery area to speed up the
process of picking, packing and shipping to customers.

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Updated data
• Up-to-date data on inventory conditions and levels is
also an advantage inventory management software
gives companies. Company executives can usually
access the software through a mobile device , laptop or
PC to check current inventory numbers.
Time savings
• With the aid of restricted user rights, company managers
can allow many employees to assist in inventory
management. They can grant employees enough
information access to receive products, make orders,
transfer products and do other tasks without
compromising company security. This can speed up the
inventory-management process and save managers’
time.

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Disadvantages
• The main disadvantages of inventory management
software are its cost and complexity.
Expense
• Cost can be a major disadvantage of inventory
management software . Many large companies use
inventory management software, but small
businesses can find it difficult to afford it. Barcode
readers and other hardware can compound this
problem by adding even more cost to companies.
The advantage of allowing multiple employees to
perform inventory-management tasks is tempered
by the cost of additional barcode readers.

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Complexity
• Inventory management software is not necessarily
simple or easy to learn. A company’s management team
must dedicate a certain amount of time to learning a new
system, including its software and hardware, in order to
put it to use. Most inventory management software
includes training manuals and other information
available to users. Despite its apparent complexity,
inventory management software offers a degree of
stability to companies. For example, if an IT employee in
charge of the system leaves the company, a
replacement can be comparatively inexpensive to train
compared to if the company used multiple programs to
store inventory data.

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Conclusion
• New developments are continuously modifying the
management of warehousing systems. Advances in
computing systems are allowing on-line
instantaneous recordkeeping transactions. The use
of bar-coding systems is increasingly common as
companies try to minimize data entry errors in
inventory records . The automatic registering of
products and prices at grocery stores is an example
of these developments . inventories are
automatically adjusted as groceries are bought .
managers can remotely query the computing system
and obtain instantaneous inventory balances.

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• INVENTORY CONTROL Small businesses are
increasingly using computers to track all aspects of
their inventory, including warehousing, ordering,
receiving, and distribution. In addition, many
computer systems maintain programs that integrate
inventory control needs with other aspects of the
business's operations, which helps the company
perform in a cohesive and intelligent manner as it
negotiates the various obstacles of the business
world.

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Review of the topic
1.)Introduction of Computer application
,warehousing and inventory control
2.) Definition of warehousing and inventory control
3.)Computer application in warehousing and
inventory control
4.)Conclusion

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Bibliography
1.)Supply chain management-theories and
practices indian text edition
R.P.Mohanty
S.G.Desh
- biztantra publication , new delhi
2.)Quality management
kanishka bedi
- oxford university press

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3.)Production and Operations management
Dr. chunawala & Dr.patel
- Himalaya publishing house
4.)Production & Operations management
R . Panneerselvam
- Prentice hall of India Pvt ltd.
New Delhi

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5.) Production & operations management-taxt and
cases
Upendra Kachru
-Excel books , New Delhi
6.)Production and operations management
concepts , models & behavior
Everette Adam. jr.
Ronald. j. Ebert
- Prentice-hall of india private ltd.

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7.)Operations management
Norman Gaither
Greg Frazier
-South- Western- Cengage Learning India pvt.ltd.
New Delhi
8.) www.google.com
ruggedpcreview.com
www.youtube.com

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• Thank you