BUSI 504
Change Management Image Self-Reflection Assignment Instructions
Overview
The self-reflection paper must be a minimum of 500 words, double-spaced, and in current APA format. Please note that the stated word count is a ‘minimum’. Therefore, students are encouraged to ensure they have thoroughly researched and responded to each question/prompt provided below. Each assignment must include properly formatted references. Use at least 2 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years), the course textbook (PROVIDED BELLOW IN GREEN), and biblical integration
Use 2 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years)
1.)
2.)
the course textbook (Six-Images Framework):
biblical integration:
1.) Use any Christian bible website
Instructions
Based on the Six-Images Framework, this paper will focus on demonstrating an understanding of the six images, how those images approach change management, assessing your personal image(s), and then discussing how you, using the image or images, would have addressed the transition at Sears (Chapter 1). Begin this assignment by reviewing the text regarding the framework and then take the self-assessment to determine your dominant image(s). As you reflect on the framework, your personal image(s), and how change was approached by Eddie Lampert at Sears, respond to the following prompts:
· What are the six change management images and how would you define them?
· How would you describe their corresponding approaches to change management?
· Detail the results of your assessment, including your top image or images, if those images require actions that would make you uncomfortable, and whether you feel you could navigate between strong and weak images based on the situational context.
· What is your assessment of the image(s) of Eddie Lampert in this scenario?
· Using your dominant image or images, how would you have approached the change management efforts by Eddie Lampert at Sears?
Prepare your paper in accordance with the instructions – also review the Change Management Image Self-Reflection Assignment Grading Rubric prior to submitting your paper.
Grading Rubric:
APA Format:
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Page 1 of 2
Criteria Ratings Points
Content
Requirement
70 to >65.0 pts
Advanced
All key components of the
Self-Reflection prompts
are answered. There is a
clear, logical flow to the
assignment and major
points are stated clearly.
Brings clarity to issues
being discussed and
relates issues to the
textbook and scholarly
sources. A thoughtful
analysis (considering
assumptions, analyzing
implications,
comparing/contrasting
concepts) is included for
all components.
65 to >60.0 pts
Proficient
Most key components of
the Self-Reflection
prompts are answered.
Majority of assignment
and major points are
clear, and flow logically.
Brings clarity to nearly all
is ...
BMAL 530Faith Essay Assignment InstructionsYou will write an.docxrobert345678
BMAL 530
Faith Essay Assignment Instructions
You will write an
800-word essay in current APA format that focuses on how biblical concepts are related to the fields of accounting and finance.
The essay must incorporate a thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, comparing/contrasting concepts) of accounting, finance, and your faith.
The paper must include at least 3 scholarly, peer-reviewed references in addition to the Bible and course textbook.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Grading Rubric
APA Format
image3.png
image2.emf
Microsoft_Word_Document.docx
Personality Assesment
James W. Bland III
School of , Liberty University
Author Note
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to . Email:
Abstract
Studies show that there are sixteen work personalities. Those personalities are known as the type of table, which the Publisher wrote, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc. Palo Alto, Ca 94303. It shows how important it is to know identify your work type for a healthy, happy, and fulfilled work environment for yourself and others.
Keywords:
2
PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT2
Introverts, extroverts, sensors, intuitive
Personality Assessment
Part 1: Jung and Briggs Myers personality results analysis
My personality test based on Jung and Briggs Myers typology indicated that I have an INTJ (introverted (38 percent), Intuitive (19 percent), thinking (6 percent), and judging (25 percent) type of personality. My results indicate that I have a moderate preference for introversion over extroversion. I have a slight preference for intuition over sensing, a slight preference for thinking over feeling, and a mild preference for judging over perceiving. As INTJ, my primary mode of living is known to be focused intrinsically; I take things and decisions based on my intuition. My secondary way of living is external, where I deal with situations rationally and logically. INTJ is known as masterminds; they live in a world of ideas and plan strategically rather than following their emotions. I value competence, intelligence, and knowledge as an INTJ person, and I have similar expectations to other people I work with currently and in the past. Since I am more of an introvert, I channel my energy into observing the world to generate potential ideas and possibilities which may turn out to be innovative. According to David Keirsey, a psychologist, and developer of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, nearly 1 to 4 percent of the world's population has an INTJ personality type. Keirsey's four temperaments are better known as their subdivided sixteen kinds of personalities. The four-character types, according to Keirsey. The sixteen personality types include guardians, Artisans, Rationales, and Idealists; there are four personality types (Daniel, 2.
BMAL 504Change Initiative Assessment Paper Assignment Instructisimisterchristen
BMAL 504
Change Initiative Assessment: Paper Assignment Instructions
Each student will prepare 1 document to submit through TurnitIn. The project is an organizational change report that will total no more than 15 pages (not counting title or reference pages; no abstract is required).
The paper must follow current APA format guidelines and will contain 2 main parts.
Part 1 must be 1250–1750 words
Part 2 must be 1500–2000 words. A minimum of
10 peer-reviewed sources must be published within the last
FIVE YEARS
For APA 7 Format and Template *USE THIS
Part 1 (a maximum of 1750 words) must be written as a case and must describe vs. analyze/recommend. Part 1 must be modeled after the cases read during the course, containing similar format and content. Part 1 must contain a case description of a large organizational change (one about which you are able to obtain significant information)
(EXAMPLES BELOW). Types of change might include mergers, acquisitions, downsizing, new strategic direction, globalization, public image failures (BP, Toyota, Facebook, Goldman Sachs), macro-economic change, political/legal shifts, or some other type of organizational change.
The target organization may be a private, government, or non-profit organization with which you are familiar. Remember that you will need to select an organization for which you are able to collect considerable information in order to create a comprehensive case.
Part 2 (a maximum of 2000 words) must be a thorough analysis, with suggestions for change and recommendations for management interventions in the case from Part 1. This part of your Project must be modeled after your 2 Consulting Proposal assignments
(EXAMPLES & Part II TEMPLATE BELOW), each of which includes an analysis section and a recommendations section. In the analysis, apply course concepts to the case. In your recommendations, provide strategic, practical, and insightful actions for management.
Consider the following questions in Part 2:
· Based on your learning related to this course, how would you diagnose what is really going on in the organization selected?
· How well do the organizational leaders/members understand what the issues really are?
· How ready is the organization to change in terms of awareness, motivation, flexibility, and skill?
· Given the context of the change (social, political, economic, customer need, etc.), how big a change is required to move the organization to a productive and effective mode of existence?
· Analyze the company’s particular approach to change. Why did the organization take one particular approach to change (e.g., downsize) rather than other possible ones (e.g., creating a learning organization)? How effectively was the particular change attempt carried out?
· How did resistance to change manifest itself? How effectively was the resistance addressed?
· What were the objectives of the change effort? How succe ...
2) prepare for week 3 discussion of the needs analysis assignment ssusera34210
The document discusses a needs analysis project focused on expanding the curriculum of the HighScope preschool program to include lessons about cultural diversity and student differences. Specifically, the author proposes introducing a lesson plan within the first 30 days that brings awareness to students' differences in physical attributes like hair and skin.
The needs analysis will discuss the relevant learner characteristics of 3-4 year old preschoolers and the data that would be collected, including contextual analysis of potential barriers to learning, a task analysis to observe expert-level completion of the task, and identification of the current performance gap. The author will also select an appropriate learning theory to frame the project design and provide an example of its application.
Hate Crimes are crimes committed by persons that are in large paJeanmarieColbert3
"Hate Crimes" are crimes committed by persons that are in large part motivated by the victims religion, ethnicity, race, orientaton, and so on. Do you support legislation that increases the penalties for crimes if the state proves the crime was indeed a "hate crime". Why do you, and perhaps others, support this type of legislation? Why be against this legislation? What might be the legal, constitutional, or fundemental issues of punishing a person more, because of the reason(s) they committed a crime?
BMAL 504
Consulting Proposal Assignment Instructions
Overview:
1.) The management of change in an organization is often led by an internal or external change consultant who leads change from a project perspective with a phased approach that includes the project definition, a diagnosis of the situation, recommendations for a solution, a plan for implementing the recommendations, and the actual implementation of the plan.
_________________________________________________________________________
Instructions :
2.) You will prepare 1 consulting proposal based on the cases from the textbook
(Attached) assigned in Modules/Weeks 1–3 (Consulting Proposal 1).
*Each proposal must be
1000–1500 words and include at least the
following 5 sections:
1. Definition of project
2. Diagnosis of current situation
3. Recommendations
4. Implementation plan
5. Summary
Use this for Textbook:
______________________________________________________________________________
sample/template
3.) A sample/template
(Attached) for the proposals is provided in the Assignment Instructions folder.
This is the sample/ template :
4.) Each proposal must
include a title and reference page formatted according to current APA requirements
(ATTACHED)
Use this for APA 7 requirements:
5.) *You must use a minimum of
4 scholarly peer-reviewed sources( within the last 5 years) plus the text.
6.) Write the proposal as if you are addressing the CEO or organizational leadership as identified in the selected case study.
7.) The overall narrative in the proposal must include significant emphasis on diagnosing the problems in the business with recommendations for relevant change.
8.) These recommendations must be supported with specific examples or sources.
For example:
· If the organization needs to change its recruitment strategy or perhaps offer new products, what specific types of change are involved?
· Will the employees be affected? If so, what type of employees?
· How should the recommended changes be implemented?
· Are there drivers of the change that will determine the success of the change initiative? If so, what are they?
________________________________________________________________________
Consulting Proposal 1 Questions for Consideration:
Use the following case for Consulting Proposal 1.
7.) *Case The Plane Will Not Move!
· What wa ...
This document provides instructions for a consulting proposal assignment. Students are asked to write a 1,000-1,500 word proposal on the "Change Agent in Waiting" case study using the following five required sections: definition of project, diagnosis of current situation, recommendations, implementation plan, and summary. The proposal must be formatted according to current APA guidelines and include at least four scholarly sources in addition to the textbook. The proposal should be written as if addressing the CEO to diagnose problems and provide relevant change recommendations supported by examples or sources.
BMAL 500Research Paper Assignment InstructionsOverviewPleasemilissaccm
BMAL 500
Research Paper Assignment Instructions
Overview
Please refer to the
Article Submission Assigment from the beginning of the course to complete the
Research Paper Assignment. Please follow and format your paper accordingly.
Instructions
ARTICLE SUBMITTED FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT WAS:
Article Summary:
Self-management can be a cost-effective method to promote employee behavior change. This article will provide an overview of self-management as it applies to business and industry (Ferguson & Rivera, 2021).
Topic:
describes techniques hot to increase and sustain success on self-management.
Article:
Self-management in Organizational Behavior Management
(
USE THIS ARTICLE * CLICK ON IT )
Reference:
Ferguson, R., & Rivera, L. (2021). Self-management in Organizational Behavior Management.
Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,
42(3), 210–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/01608061.2021.1996502
Step 1
In the beginning of this course, you submitted a scholarly, peer-reviewed article for approval. For this research paper, you will discuss the importance of that article in regards to organizational behavior while using the problem-solving, integrative framework learned in Chapter 1. With your organizational problem, provide the following information:
1. Brief summary of the organization.
2. Synopsis of the organizational challenges (Step 1 on the problem-solving approach)
· What is the major overriding issue?
· Provide the facts and examples to support the explanation of the problem.
· Discuss key issues that merit the discussion.
3. Who are the various individuals and what part do they play? (Step 2 on the problem-solving approach)
· What challenges, threats, or opportunities do they pose?
· Explain the role of leadership in the situation.
· Provide any environmental issues that should be considered.
As you discuss these areas to address the first portion of the problem-solving framework, provide examples and research to support your discussion.
( USE THIS for
PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH * CLICK ON IT )
Step 2
Now that you have laid the foundation of the problem, explain how the theory you researched applies. Provide in depth analysis with your article as the main evidence.
1. Explain the author’s current view on the chosen organizational theory and how it relates to your problem.
2. Provide key indicators that the author applies from theory to the concept in organizational behavior.
3. Discuss what you believe are the most relevant portions of the article that tie the theory and concepts with your organizational issue to create an explanation for the problem. In other words, if you had to explain the organizational issue to someone, how would you relate it to what the author has stated?
Step 3
The final process (Step 3) in the problem-solving framework is recommendations. Based on your research, use this final step ...
BMAL 530Faith Essay Assignment InstructionsYou will write an.docxrobert345678
BMAL 530
Faith Essay Assignment Instructions
You will write an
800-word essay in current APA format that focuses on how biblical concepts are related to the fields of accounting and finance.
The essay must incorporate a thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, comparing/contrasting concepts) of accounting, finance, and your faith.
The paper must include at least 3 scholarly, peer-reviewed references in addition to the Bible and course textbook.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Grading Rubric
APA Format
image3.png
image2.emf
Microsoft_Word_Document.docx
Personality Assesment
James W. Bland III
School of , Liberty University
Author Note
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to . Email:
Abstract
Studies show that there are sixteen work personalities. Those personalities are known as the type of table, which the Publisher wrote, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc. Palo Alto, Ca 94303. It shows how important it is to know identify your work type for a healthy, happy, and fulfilled work environment for yourself and others.
Keywords:
2
PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT2
Introverts, extroverts, sensors, intuitive
Personality Assessment
Part 1: Jung and Briggs Myers personality results analysis
My personality test based on Jung and Briggs Myers typology indicated that I have an INTJ (introverted (38 percent), Intuitive (19 percent), thinking (6 percent), and judging (25 percent) type of personality. My results indicate that I have a moderate preference for introversion over extroversion. I have a slight preference for intuition over sensing, a slight preference for thinking over feeling, and a mild preference for judging over perceiving. As INTJ, my primary mode of living is known to be focused intrinsically; I take things and decisions based on my intuition. My secondary way of living is external, where I deal with situations rationally and logically. INTJ is known as masterminds; they live in a world of ideas and plan strategically rather than following their emotions. I value competence, intelligence, and knowledge as an INTJ person, and I have similar expectations to other people I work with currently and in the past. Since I am more of an introvert, I channel my energy into observing the world to generate potential ideas and possibilities which may turn out to be innovative. According to David Keirsey, a psychologist, and developer of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, nearly 1 to 4 percent of the world's population has an INTJ personality type. Keirsey's four temperaments are better known as their subdivided sixteen kinds of personalities. The four-character types, according to Keirsey. The sixteen personality types include guardians, Artisans, Rationales, and Idealists; there are four personality types (Daniel, 2.
BMAL 504Change Initiative Assessment Paper Assignment Instructisimisterchristen
BMAL 504
Change Initiative Assessment: Paper Assignment Instructions
Each student will prepare 1 document to submit through TurnitIn. The project is an organizational change report that will total no more than 15 pages (not counting title or reference pages; no abstract is required).
The paper must follow current APA format guidelines and will contain 2 main parts.
Part 1 must be 1250–1750 words
Part 2 must be 1500–2000 words. A minimum of
10 peer-reviewed sources must be published within the last
FIVE YEARS
For APA 7 Format and Template *USE THIS
Part 1 (a maximum of 1750 words) must be written as a case and must describe vs. analyze/recommend. Part 1 must be modeled after the cases read during the course, containing similar format and content. Part 1 must contain a case description of a large organizational change (one about which you are able to obtain significant information)
(EXAMPLES BELOW). Types of change might include mergers, acquisitions, downsizing, new strategic direction, globalization, public image failures (BP, Toyota, Facebook, Goldman Sachs), macro-economic change, political/legal shifts, or some other type of organizational change.
The target organization may be a private, government, or non-profit organization with which you are familiar. Remember that you will need to select an organization for which you are able to collect considerable information in order to create a comprehensive case.
Part 2 (a maximum of 2000 words) must be a thorough analysis, with suggestions for change and recommendations for management interventions in the case from Part 1. This part of your Project must be modeled after your 2 Consulting Proposal assignments
(EXAMPLES & Part II TEMPLATE BELOW), each of which includes an analysis section and a recommendations section. In the analysis, apply course concepts to the case. In your recommendations, provide strategic, practical, and insightful actions for management.
Consider the following questions in Part 2:
· Based on your learning related to this course, how would you diagnose what is really going on in the organization selected?
· How well do the organizational leaders/members understand what the issues really are?
· How ready is the organization to change in terms of awareness, motivation, flexibility, and skill?
· Given the context of the change (social, political, economic, customer need, etc.), how big a change is required to move the organization to a productive and effective mode of existence?
· Analyze the company’s particular approach to change. Why did the organization take one particular approach to change (e.g., downsize) rather than other possible ones (e.g., creating a learning organization)? How effectively was the particular change attempt carried out?
· How did resistance to change manifest itself? How effectively was the resistance addressed?
· What were the objectives of the change effort? How succe ...
2) prepare for week 3 discussion of the needs analysis assignment ssusera34210
The document discusses a needs analysis project focused on expanding the curriculum of the HighScope preschool program to include lessons about cultural diversity and student differences. Specifically, the author proposes introducing a lesson plan within the first 30 days that brings awareness to students' differences in physical attributes like hair and skin.
The needs analysis will discuss the relevant learner characteristics of 3-4 year old preschoolers and the data that would be collected, including contextual analysis of potential barriers to learning, a task analysis to observe expert-level completion of the task, and identification of the current performance gap. The author will also select an appropriate learning theory to frame the project design and provide an example of its application.
Hate Crimes are crimes committed by persons that are in large paJeanmarieColbert3
"Hate Crimes" are crimes committed by persons that are in large part motivated by the victims religion, ethnicity, race, orientaton, and so on. Do you support legislation that increases the penalties for crimes if the state proves the crime was indeed a "hate crime". Why do you, and perhaps others, support this type of legislation? Why be against this legislation? What might be the legal, constitutional, or fundemental issues of punishing a person more, because of the reason(s) they committed a crime?
BMAL 504
Consulting Proposal Assignment Instructions
Overview:
1.) The management of change in an organization is often led by an internal or external change consultant who leads change from a project perspective with a phased approach that includes the project definition, a diagnosis of the situation, recommendations for a solution, a plan for implementing the recommendations, and the actual implementation of the plan.
_________________________________________________________________________
Instructions :
2.) You will prepare 1 consulting proposal based on the cases from the textbook
(Attached) assigned in Modules/Weeks 1–3 (Consulting Proposal 1).
*Each proposal must be
1000–1500 words and include at least the
following 5 sections:
1. Definition of project
2. Diagnosis of current situation
3. Recommendations
4. Implementation plan
5. Summary
Use this for Textbook:
______________________________________________________________________________
sample/template
3.) A sample/template
(Attached) for the proposals is provided in the Assignment Instructions folder.
This is the sample/ template :
4.) Each proposal must
include a title and reference page formatted according to current APA requirements
(ATTACHED)
Use this for APA 7 requirements:
5.) *You must use a minimum of
4 scholarly peer-reviewed sources( within the last 5 years) plus the text.
6.) Write the proposal as if you are addressing the CEO or organizational leadership as identified in the selected case study.
7.) The overall narrative in the proposal must include significant emphasis on diagnosing the problems in the business with recommendations for relevant change.
8.) These recommendations must be supported with specific examples or sources.
For example:
· If the organization needs to change its recruitment strategy or perhaps offer new products, what specific types of change are involved?
· Will the employees be affected? If so, what type of employees?
· How should the recommended changes be implemented?
· Are there drivers of the change that will determine the success of the change initiative? If so, what are they?
________________________________________________________________________
Consulting Proposal 1 Questions for Consideration:
Use the following case for Consulting Proposal 1.
7.) *Case The Plane Will Not Move!
· What wa ...
This document provides instructions for a consulting proposal assignment. Students are asked to write a 1,000-1,500 word proposal on the "Change Agent in Waiting" case study using the following five required sections: definition of project, diagnosis of current situation, recommendations, implementation plan, and summary. The proposal must be formatted according to current APA guidelines and include at least four scholarly sources in addition to the textbook. The proposal should be written as if addressing the CEO to diagnose problems and provide relevant change recommendations supported by examples or sources.
BMAL 500Research Paper Assignment InstructionsOverviewPleasemilissaccm
BMAL 500
Research Paper Assignment Instructions
Overview
Please refer to the
Article Submission Assigment from the beginning of the course to complete the
Research Paper Assignment. Please follow and format your paper accordingly.
Instructions
ARTICLE SUBMITTED FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT WAS:
Article Summary:
Self-management can be a cost-effective method to promote employee behavior change. This article will provide an overview of self-management as it applies to business and industry (Ferguson & Rivera, 2021).
Topic:
describes techniques hot to increase and sustain success on self-management.
Article:
Self-management in Organizational Behavior Management
(
USE THIS ARTICLE * CLICK ON IT )
Reference:
Ferguson, R., & Rivera, L. (2021). Self-management in Organizational Behavior Management.
Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,
42(3), 210–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/01608061.2021.1996502
Step 1
In the beginning of this course, you submitted a scholarly, peer-reviewed article for approval. For this research paper, you will discuss the importance of that article in regards to organizational behavior while using the problem-solving, integrative framework learned in Chapter 1. With your organizational problem, provide the following information:
1. Brief summary of the organization.
2. Synopsis of the organizational challenges (Step 1 on the problem-solving approach)
· What is the major overriding issue?
· Provide the facts and examples to support the explanation of the problem.
· Discuss key issues that merit the discussion.
3. Who are the various individuals and what part do they play? (Step 2 on the problem-solving approach)
· What challenges, threats, or opportunities do they pose?
· Explain the role of leadership in the situation.
· Provide any environmental issues that should be considered.
As you discuss these areas to address the first portion of the problem-solving framework, provide examples and research to support your discussion.
( USE THIS for
PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH * CLICK ON IT )
Step 2
Now that you have laid the foundation of the problem, explain how the theory you researched applies. Provide in depth analysis with your article as the main evidence.
1. Explain the author’s current view on the chosen organizational theory and how it relates to your problem.
2. Provide key indicators that the author applies from theory to the concept in organizational behavior.
3. Discuss what you believe are the most relevant portions of the article that tie the theory and concepts with your organizational issue to create an explanation for the problem. In other words, if you had to explain the organizational issue to someone, how would you relate it to what the author has stated?
Step 3
The final process (Step 3) in the problem-solving framework is recommendations. Based on your research, use this final step ...
Reply 2 to DRGOI think self -monitoring is how we evaluate ourse.docxsodhi3
Reply 2 to DRGO
I think self -monitoring is how we evaluate ourselves and is a way to make us better. If we were to truly monitor, correct the faults that we see, and build on our strengths on some of the critical traits for locus of control, how we perceive ourselves and others, self-efficacy, attitude and self-esteem we could change our weaker areas. "Locus of control deals with the degree to which people feel accountable for their own behaviors"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). Locus of control discusses the internal and external locus of control. Internal means that you are the reason something is happening and external is saying that something else caused this to happen. "Perception may be defined as the process with which individuals detect and interpret environmental stimuli"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). The three areas of perception are visual, Self and social. A persons perception might not always be as they think it is and might cause them to judge another person the wrong way by misunderstanding their actions. I think self perception has to do with the way people are and depends a lot on how they grew up. It plays a large part in their self esteem, whether they are approachable, social or just like to keep to themselves. "Self-efficacy is a belief that one can perform a specific task successfully"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). Everyone does not have this ability, but the ones that do are usually successful when trying new things and getting the job done above the standard. I think that this is crucial in any organization, especially the Army. We are always getting new tasks, promotion, and missions that we have never done before that if we fail have a lot of consequences. Failure cannot be in our thought process. Understanding this in the work place will help with the dynamics that come a long with a lot of different personalities. You shouldn't be quick to judge others by getting the wrong perception. Helping yourself and others understand this will build a stronger organization and team within that organization.
Reply 2 to TRGR
Locus of control, self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-monitoring, and attitudes and perception make-up a sort of melting pot of how one behaves. Locus of control describes the level of accountability people assume in regard to their behavior, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Self-esteem is described as how a person feels about themselves, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Perception is how individuals “detect and interpret environmental stimuli, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Finally, self-efficacy refers to the belief an individual has that they can perform a specific task specifically, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Depending upon the levels of these concepts that the individual possesses is the result of how one is able to self-monitor their actions in a number of situations, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). For example, a person with high self-esteem is likely to have much higher job satisfaction and performance. Relative to self-mo ...
Final Essay Wk 4 AssignmentThis FINAL ESSAY applies modern, rese.docxcharlottej5
Final Essay Wk 4 Assignment
This FINAL ESSAY applies modern, research-based theories of personality (chapters 9 – 17) to describe/ explain your personality. It is similar to your Midterm Essay, but applies more recent kinds of theories, and concludes with a critical comparison of these theories to the psychoanalytic ones you used for the midterm essay. Using observations from your journal, assessments and personal experiences, write a cohesive 5 to 7 page essay. Use concepts and vocabulary from 3 or more of these recent chapters. Include external references like journal articles and books. Conclude by explaining how your profile is different here from your first essay. Compare and contrast, and make a concluding statement about the view you find most accurate or useful.
COURSE TEXTBOOK: Engler, B. (2014). Personality theories: An introduction (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning
a. Do not rely solely on the text. At a minimum, cite two or more additional (credible) references in addition to our textbook.
b. Use personality assessment or tests where useful to make a point about your personality. Cite your sources.
c. Full assignment is 7-10 pages, which includes a title page, and abstract and a reference page. This allows for 4-7 pages of actual content.
d. Paraphrase rather than quote, and when quoting, no more than a few lines (2-3) embedded in the text. Give a page number for directquotes.
e. Write clearly and succinctly. Avoid long rambling sentences.Big words and long sentences may be wasteful. Avoid rhetorical questions and dictionary definitions.
f. Visual aids (any graphics: tables, pictures, graphs) must be in an appendix after the reference page. This includes results of questionnaires or tests. In the essay, refer to appropriate appendix and figure or table (e.g., see appendix). These are not counted toward the pages of your assignment.
g. Fonts: Arial, Calibri, Times Roman or Courier New, size 12 or smaller - no bold or italics.
Grading criteria from rubric: Engagement 25%, Clarity of Delivery 20%, Accuracy and APA Style 25%, Organization 15%, Examples and Evidence 15%
During this presentation, I will provide an understanding of my leadership role and at the same time, I will provide a clear understanding of the competencies consisting of my Outer and Inner Game.
Outer Game Characteristics
· Managerial skills
· Sense of humor
· Interaction
· Confidence
· Trainer
· Experience
· Vision
· Emotion management
· Conciliator
One of the most important keys to what makes me an effective leader is possessing the ability and knowledge to influence those in my work around me. Aiming to mold those around you to follow how you continue to develop and hone your ability to think in all sorts of different scenarios, is required for effectiveness. Both experience and confidence are what allows a leader to be able to interact with their surrounding environment effectively.
One of the main leadership qualities for my outer gam.
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay PROMPT Is putting yourse.docxalisondakintxt
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay
PROMPT: Is putting yourself first a good approach to life?
FAQ
· How should I get started?
· Have the Personal Responsibility and Critical Thinking Rubrics open in front of you. Your grade will be assessed according to these two rubrics. Scroll down for these rubrics.
· Some questions to ask yourself as you are brainstorming: What does "putting yourself first" mean as you see it? What are the consequences of living this way? How would you describe the opposite of "putting yourself first"? If you had to choose between them, which way of life is better? Do you have to choose between them? If you disagree with your friend who thinks life is about putting oneself first as much as possible whenever possible, how would you persuade your friend that life is not a selfish or self-indulgent pursuit? How do you justify that your own actions are altruistic, and to what end do you pursue acts in the interest of others? Do you do so with the same passion as you do endeavors that fulfill a want or a need in your own life? Once you have entertained the above questions, carve out a thesis statement that states clearly whether or not "put yourself first" is a good approach to life and why.
· Early in your essay, describe how you understand "putting yourself first". It's important to define how you view this way of life before either advocating for it or rejecting it.
· Look up any information that you may need to check your biases. Suppose you intend to argue that rich people get ahead because they do not donate to charity. You might first explore studies to verify whether or not this is true. Who gives more to charity, the rich or the poor?
Have the facts.
· Argue for your thesis throughout your essay.
· Address objections to your position.
· How should this essay relate to Chapter 2?
· When writing this essay, you are not required to discuss the theories of meaning from Chapter 2 unless you find them relevant to "put yourself first". Focus the entirety of your essay on "put yourself first" and direct alternatives to this way of life as you draw upon the "big picture" from Chapter 2, that is the consequences of having a theory of meaning at all.
· In drafting this essay, I recommend that you also read section 8-3 of The Big Questions and the 1000 Word Philosophy link that I have posted below. Scroll, scroll.
· How many sources do I need to cite?
· You
must site some sources. See the Evidence component of the Critical Thinking Rubric. Though there is no minimum number of cited sources beyond our textbook, sometimes you need to refer to other source material in making your argument. Whenever you discuss content that should be backed up with a source, be sure to incorporate accurate sources and cite them.
· What format and style of citation should I use?
Use MLA. Academic philosophers use Chicago Manual. If you continue studies in philosophy, you will learn Chicago Manual; however, fo.
TOPIC 2 ATTITUDE, BEHAVIOR, PERSONALITY AND VALUES.pptHazarishBaharuddin
This document provides an overview of attitudes, personality, and values as they relate to organizational behavior. It defines attitudes and discusses the three components of attitudes: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. It summarizes the relationship between attitudes and behavior. It then describes different types of job attitudes like job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
The document also defines personality and discusses factors that shape personality like nature and nurture. It compares two major personality frameworks: the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Big Five model. Finally, it contrasts terminal and instrumental values and describes frameworks for understanding cultural values.
This document discusses critical thinking and its key features. Critical thinking involves effectively avoiding common pitfalls like only seeing one side of an issue, discounting evidence that disconfirms ideas, and reasoning from passion rather than logic. It also involves supporting statements with evidence and generating novel solutions rather than just remembering past ones. The document also discusses how critical thinking leads to a more thorough understanding of issues and promotes awareness of one's own perceptions and actions. It notes how critical thinking helps make better decisions in daily life and develop skills to examine beliefs and assumptions.
Essay on Me Myself and Personality Traits
Essay on personality
Personal Characteristics Essay
Essay on Personality in the Workplace
Essay On Character Traits
Essay on The Trait Theory of Personality
Running header: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3
Annotated Bibliography
LaTonya Bethune
PSYCH/655
Professor Teresa Neal
University of Phoenix
December 2,2019
Annotated Bibliography
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive bBehaviors, 64, 287-293. Journal titles should be capitalized (each word).
Self- esteem is basically a dependent variable as it is comprised of many aspects that contribute to it such as personal ethics that make people perceive themselves, it also depends on social class and that enables people to interact freely among people within the same social group. The responses people get from others in terms of their personality and appearance determine the level of self-esteem. The book the authors illustrate (this is a journal article, not a book) also illustrates that it can be an independent variable and behavior becomes a dependent variable as people behave in a manner they do depending on the level of self-esteem and that allows them either publicly or in privates to behave in a certain perception. The same perception set can be used even in interaction with student interaction and interaction with other students who may seem of higher social class than others.
Lyndon, M. P., Henning, M. A., Alyami, H., Krishna, S., Zeng, I., Yu, T. C., & Hill, A. G. (2017). Burnout, quality of life, motivation, and academic achievement among medical students: A person-oriented approach. Perspectives on medical education, 6(2), 108-114.
Behavior is a basic depended variable what does that mean? that all other aspects depend on to determine how a variable all the other variable however [Awkward and vague phrasing—Please rewrite for greater clarity.] behavior is constituted by many other aspects that make it stabilize and be characterized by such a behavior such as culture, social class, and self-esteem that generate an embodiment of how one perceives the environment. The quality of life and motivation when undertaking any practices and educational matter depend on the perception. It is true and believed that attitude towards an endeavor determines the success and behavior comes in as the attribute created after all the presumptions. [Cut or reduce empty words to make your writing more concise.]
Tran, L., & Rimes, K. A. (2017). Unhealthy perfectionism, negative beliefs about emotions, emotional suppression, and depression in students: A mediational analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 144-147.
Emotion differs among people is not a dependent variable however it attributes the well-being of the students and perception of many other aspects of life. The book illustrates how negative belief affects people's perception about themselves and their mental health statu.
Topic that identifies characteristics of Native American Culture and.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic that identifies characteristics of Native American Culture and how it influences/contributes to contemporary cultures and/or what factors have changed perspective regarding Native American cultural practices.
resources cited, at least 3 of any format.
Cover Page.
Minimun 4 page (excluding reference and cover).
MLA formet with proper work cited on the last page
12/ Times/ Double Spacing.
.
Topic Stem Cell ResearchAPA Format I need these topics. don.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Stem Cell Research
APA Format
I need these topics. don't add other contents
Table of contents:
1. Overview of stem cell research -
1 Page
2. Embryonic Stem Cells -
2 Pages
3. Adult Stem Cells -
2 Pages
4. Legal issues - 1 Page
5. Conclusion- It should be a strong conclusion
References:
Use 3 Journal Articles or newspaper articles and 2 Internet site. for example .edu, .org, .gov.
another 2 references from the academically approved books.
see for more info and references in the document
.
Topic Styles of PolicingYou are a patrol officer in a middle- to .docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Styles of Policing
You are a patrol officer in a middle- to lower-class community, which is a suburb of a much larger metropolitan city. During the past 6 months, you have noticed an increase in what might be the beginning of gang activity in your community. You have begun to see gang-style graffiti painted on walls, buildings, and street signs. You have noticed that more young adults are gathering on street corners and appear to be dressing in clothing often associated with gang involvement. While no gang violence has occurred yet, you suspect it is not far away.
As discussed in your text, there are three distinct styles of policing. They are the watchman style, the legalistic style, and the service style.
In a single posting, describe in detail how you would address this growing problem using
each
of the policing styles listed above. Explain which approach is best, using research to substantiate your postings, citing your sources following APA format
.
Topic the legalization of same sex adoptionThese same sex adopti.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: the legalization of same sex adoption
These: same sex adoption should be legalized and be accepted by the public
attrachments: draft and suggestions from the professor
Develop this 8 pages draft to be a 15 pages final paper
APA style, double spaced, use 10 peer-review journals as sources
.
TOPIC The Truth About Caffeine3 pages,give some statistics of neg.docxVannaSchrader3
TOPIC/ The Truth About Caffeine
3 pages,give some statistics of negative effects of caffeine
the guides to follow:
topic:
Specific Purpose:to inform ....
Introduction:(discovering +history)
Body:
I like here to give some general info about caffeine and explain the negetive effects.
conclusion:
.
Topic Media Example (article)1) as usual, do an analysis of the.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Media Example (article)
1) as usual, do an analysis of the logic of the article on Religion which you choose:What is the : claim, premises, whether the argument in the article is valid or sound.
2) THEN, construct FOUR valid Formal Logic argument, using information from the article. One of each of the following forms must be included:
a) Modus Ponens
b) Modus Tollens
c) Chain Argument
d) Disjunctive Argument
please link me to the essay
Pages:
1, Double spaced
.
Topic Servant LeadershipThread In our reading we explored th.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Servant Leadership
Thread:
In our reading we explored the concept of servant leadership. Blanchard and Hodges present Jesus Christ as the ultimate example of the servant leader, and with good cause. But consider other servant leaders found in Scripture, too, and then answer the following questions: What biblical leader would you select as another good example of a servant leader? Why? How did this leader reflect principles from both Northouse’s description and Blanchard & Hodge’s description of a servant leader?
300-500 word discussion board with APA in text citation using at least three professional sources. class text leadership theory and practice by peter g. northhouse and lead like jesus by ken blanchard and phil hodges
.
Topic Organization of Law Enforcement AgenciesDo you agree or d.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic:
Organization of Law Enforcement Agencies
Do you agree or disagree with the paramilitary style of organization of most law enforcement agencies? Defend your position. You must use current APA style. You must cite 1 scholarly-quality internet-based source/reference and 1 biblical source/reference to support your answer. Both sources must offer a specific connection to the discussion topic.
.
Topic Parents Should have a license to have childrenaprox. 500 wo.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Parents Should have a license to have children
aprox. 500 words
Focus on these three points
1. Childrens safety, health and happines
2. What makes a responsible parent
3.What determines a competent parent from an incompetent parent
-Include a citation page if using statistical data
.
Topic PATIENT DATA PRIVACYPerformance Improvement plan Proper an.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: PATIENT DATA PRIVACY
Performance Improvement plan: Proper and Intense training of employees
Success of the Performance Improvement Plan
A. If this initiative is successful, what would be the financial implications for the healthcare organization?
B. How would the existing information management systems contribute to the success of your proposal?
C. What organizational processes will permit continued viability of the performance improvement initiative, if it is successful?
D. Analyze interdepartmental communication that would be necessary for continued engagement in the proposed initiative.
1.5-2 pages. APA format with references please
thank you
.
Topic Kelly’s Personal ConstructsQuestionPrompt Analyze th.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic:
Kelly’s Personal Constructs
Question/Prompt:
Analyze the 4 common elements in most human disturbance according to Kelly (threat, fear, anxiety, and guilt). Compare each of these constructs with what Scripture says regarding these particular elements.
Answer must be 300+ words and contain 2 references.
.
Topic Fingerprints.Study fingerprinting in the textbook and res.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Fingerprints.
Study fingerprinting in the textbook and research and discuss the topic including
–but not limited to–
fingerprint history, types and different methods used to develop and preserve prints.
In addition, research and discuss Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS).
Due Sunday
.
Topic is Domestic Violence, Both men and women being the abus.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic is:
Domestic Viole
nce
, Both men and women being the abuser
Ask a question: Identify an issue of concern or personal curiosity relating to your profession.
Identify two bodies of knowledge: Which two disciplines will be used to help answer the question?
Example: History and Sociology
Conduct a literature review: What research has been done to help answer this question?
Hint #1: Make notes in the center column (see below) as resources are identified and read.
Hint #2: Compile an annotated bibliography as you find information as this will help you keep your sources organized and references correct.
Bringing It Together: Discuss the question extensively using information from the middle column above.
Conclusion: End the discussion with a conclusion—answer the question! Please note, there are two parts to the conclusion:
Part #1: Answer your question and discuss how (if) your personal views have changed based on what you’ve learned.
Part #2: Discuss how you plan to build on this knowledge going forward.
.
Topic is regional integration .First You need to find article and re.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic is regional integration .First You need to find article and resources which is related with this topic. you should write three pages about this article, resources and topic
I told assignment's structure in link that is why please check the link(file)
my native language is not English that is why if you use more simple words in assignment, it will be better
.
More Related Content
Similar to BUSI 504Change Management Image Self-Reflection Assignment Instr
Reply 2 to DRGOI think self -monitoring is how we evaluate ourse.docxsodhi3
Reply 2 to DRGO
I think self -monitoring is how we evaluate ourselves and is a way to make us better. If we were to truly monitor, correct the faults that we see, and build on our strengths on some of the critical traits for locus of control, how we perceive ourselves and others, self-efficacy, attitude and self-esteem we could change our weaker areas. "Locus of control deals with the degree to which people feel accountable for their own behaviors"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). Locus of control discusses the internal and external locus of control. Internal means that you are the reason something is happening and external is saying that something else caused this to happen. "Perception may be defined as the process with which individuals detect and interpret environmental stimuli"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). The three areas of perception are visual, Self and social. A persons perception might not always be as they think it is and might cause them to judge another person the wrong way by misunderstanding their actions. I think self perception has to do with the way people are and depends a lot on how they grew up. It plays a large part in their self esteem, whether they are approachable, social or just like to keep to themselves. "Self-efficacy is a belief that one can perform a specific task successfully"(The Saylor Foundation, 2017). Everyone does not have this ability, but the ones that do are usually successful when trying new things and getting the job done above the standard. I think that this is crucial in any organization, especially the Army. We are always getting new tasks, promotion, and missions that we have never done before that if we fail have a lot of consequences. Failure cannot be in our thought process. Understanding this in the work place will help with the dynamics that come a long with a lot of different personalities. You shouldn't be quick to judge others by getting the wrong perception. Helping yourself and others understand this will build a stronger organization and team within that organization.
Reply 2 to TRGR
Locus of control, self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-monitoring, and attitudes and perception make-up a sort of melting pot of how one behaves. Locus of control describes the level of accountability people assume in regard to their behavior, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Self-esteem is described as how a person feels about themselves, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Perception is how individuals “detect and interpret environmental stimuli, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Finally, self-efficacy refers to the belief an individual has that they can perform a specific task specifically, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). Depending upon the levels of these concepts that the individual possesses is the result of how one is able to self-monitor their actions in a number of situations, (Saylor Foundation, 2017). For example, a person with high self-esteem is likely to have much higher job satisfaction and performance. Relative to self-mo ...
Final Essay Wk 4 AssignmentThis FINAL ESSAY applies modern, rese.docxcharlottej5
Final Essay Wk 4 Assignment
This FINAL ESSAY applies modern, research-based theories of personality (chapters 9 – 17) to describe/ explain your personality. It is similar to your Midterm Essay, but applies more recent kinds of theories, and concludes with a critical comparison of these theories to the psychoanalytic ones you used for the midterm essay. Using observations from your journal, assessments and personal experiences, write a cohesive 5 to 7 page essay. Use concepts and vocabulary from 3 or more of these recent chapters. Include external references like journal articles and books. Conclude by explaining how your profile is different here from your first essay. Compare and contrast, and make a concluding statement about the view you find most accurate or useful.
COURSE TEXTBOOK: Engler, B. (2014). Personality theories: An introduction (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning
a. Do not rely solely on the text. At a minimum, cite two or more additional (credible) references in addition to our textbook.
b. Use personality assessment or tests where useful to make a point about your personality. Cite your sources.
c. Full assignment is 7-10 pages, which includes a title page, and abstract and a reference page. This allows for 4-7 pages of actual content.
d. Paraphrase rather than quote, and when quoting, no more than a few lines (2-3) embedded in the text. Give a page number for directquotes.
e. Write clearly and succinctly. Avoid long rambling sentences.Big words and long sentences may be wasteful. Avoid rhetorical questions and dictionary definitions.
f. Visual aids (any graphics: tables, pictures, graphs) must be in an appendix after the reference page. This includes results of questionnaires or tests. In the essay, refer to appropriate appendix and figure or table (e.g., see appendix). These are not counted toward the pages of your assignment.
g. Fonts: Arial, Calibri, Times Roman or Courier New, size 12 or smaller - no bold or italics.
Grading criteria from rubric: Engagement 25%, Clarity of Delivery 20%, Accuracy and APA Style 25%, Organization 15%, Examples and Evidence 15%
During this presentation, I will provide an understanding of my leadership role and at the same time, I will provide a clear understanding of the competencies consisting of my Outer and Inner Game.
Outer Game Characteristics
· Managerial skills
· Sense of humor
· Interaction
· Confidence
· Trainer
· Experience
· Vision
· Emotion management
· Conciliator
One of the most important keys to what makes me an effective leader is possessing the ability and knowledge to influence those in my work around me. Aiming to mold those around you to follow how you continue to develop and hone your ability to think in all sorts of different scenarios, is required for effectiveness. Both experience and confidence are what allows a leader to be able to interact with their surrounding environment effectively.
One of the main leadership qualities for my outer gam.
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay PROMPT Is putting yourse.docxalisondakintxt
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay
PROMPT: Is putting yourself first a good approach to life?
FAQ
· How should I get started?
· Have the Personal Responsibility and Critical Thinking Rubrics open in front of you. Your grade will be assessed according to these two rubrics. Scroll down for these rubrics.
· Some questions to ask yourself as you are brainstorming: What does "putting yourself first" mean as you see it? What are the consequences of living this way? How would you describe the opposite of "putting yourself first"? If you had to choose between them, which way of life is better? Do you have to choose between them? If you disagree with your friend who thinks life is about putting oneself first as much as possible whenever possible, how would you persuade your friend that life is not a selfish or self-indulgent pursuit? How do you justify that your own actions are altruistic, and to what end do you pursue acts in the interest of others? Do you do so with the same passion as you do endeavors that fulfill a want or a need in your own life? Once you have entertained the above questions, carve out a thesis statement that states clearly whether or not "put yourself first" is a good approach to life and why.
· Early in your essay, describe how you understand "putting yourself first". It's important to define how you view this way of life before either advocating for it or rejecting it.
· Look up any information that you may need to check your biases. Suppose you intend to argue that rich people get ahead because they do not donate to charity. You might first explore studies to verify whether or not this is true. Who gives more to charity, the rich or the poor?
Have the facts.
· Argue for your thesis throughout your essay.
· Address objections to your position.
· How should this essay relate to Chapter 2?
· When writing this essay, you are not required to discuss the theories of meaning from Chapter 2 unless you find them relevant to "put yourself first". Focus the entirety of your essay on "put yourself first" and direct alternatives to this way of life as you draw upon the "big picture" from Chapter 2, that is the consequences of having a theory of meaning at all.
· In drafting this essay, I recommend that you also read section 8-3 of The Big Questions and the 1000 Word Philosophy link that I have posted below. Scroll, scroll.
· How many sources do I need to cite?
· You
must site some sources. See the Evidence component of the Critical Thinking Rubric. Though there is no minimum number of cited sources beyond our textbook, sometimes you need to refer to other source material in making your argument. Whenever you discuss content that should be backed up with a source, be sure to incorporate accurate sources and cite them.
· What format and style of citation should I use?
Use MLA. Academic philosophers use Chicago Manual. If you continue studies in philosophy, you will learn Chicago Manual; however, fo.
TOPIC 2 ATTITUDE, BEHAVIOR, PERSONALITY AND VALUES.pptHazarishBaharuddin
This document provides an overview of attitudes, personality, and values as they relate to organizational behavior. It defines attitudes and discusses the three components of attitudes: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. It summarizes the relationship between attitudes and behavior. It then describes different types of job attitudes like job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
The document also defines personality and discusses factors that shape personality like nature and nurture. It compares two major personality frameworks: the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Big Five model. Finally, it contrasts terminal and instrumental values and describes frameworks for understanding cultural values.
This document discusses critical thinking and its key features. Critical thinking involves effectively avoiding common pitfalls like only seeing one side of an issue, discounting evidence that disconfirms ideas, and reasoning from passion rather than logic. It also involves supporting statements with evidence and generating novel solutions rather than just remembering past ones. The document also discusses how critical thinking leads to a more thorough understanding of issues and promotes awareness of one's own perceptions and actions. It notes how critical thinking helps make better decisions in daily life and develop skills to examine beliefs and assumptions.
Essay on Me Myself and Personality Traits
Essay on personality
Personal Characteristics Essay
Essay on Personality in the Workplace
Essay On Character Traits
Essay on The Trait Theory of Personality
Running header: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3
Annotated Bibliography
LaTonya Bethune
PSYCH/655
Professor Teresa Neal
University of Phoenix
December 2,2019
Annotated Bibliography
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive bBehaviors, 64, 287-293. Journal titles should be capitalized (each word).
Self- esteem is basically a dependent variable as it is comprised of many aspects that contribute to it such as personal ethics that make people perceive themselves, it also depends on social class and that enables people to interact freely among people within the same social group. The responses people get from others in terms of their personality and appearance determine the level of self-esteem. The book the authors illustrate (this is a journal article, not a book) also illustrates that it can be an independent variable and behavior becomes a dependent variable as people behave in a manner they do depending on the level of self-esteem and that allows them either publicly or in privates to behave in a certain perception. The same perception set can be used even in interaction with student interaction and interaction with other students who may seem of higher social class than others.
Lyndon, M. P., Henning, M. A., Alyami, H., Krishna, S., Zeng, I., Yu, T. C., & Hill, A. G. (2017). Burnout, quality of life, motivation, and academic achievement among medical students: A person-oriented approach. Perspectives on medical education, 6(2), 108-114.
Behavior is a basic depended variable what does that mean? that all other aspects depend on to determine how a variable all the other variable however [Awkward and vague phrasing—Please rewrite for greater clarity.] behavior is constituted by many other aspects that make it stabilize and be characterized by such a behavior such as culture, social class, and self-esteem that generate an embodiment of how one perceives the environment. The quality of life and motivation when undertaking any practices and educational matter depend on the perception. It is true and believed that attitude towards an endeavor determines the success and behavior comes in as the attribute created after all the presumptions. [Cut or reduce empty words to make your writing more concise.]
Tran, L., & Rimes, K. A. (2017). Unhealthy perfectionism, negative beliefs about emotions, emotional suppression, and depression in students: A mediational analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 144-147.
Emotion differs among people is not a dependent variable however it attributes the well-being of the students and perception of many other aspects of life. The book illustrates how negative belief affects people's perception about themselves and their mental health statu.
Similar to BUSI 504Change Management Image Self-Reflection Assignment Instr (8)
Topic that identifies characteristics of Native American Culture and.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic that identifies characteristics of Native American Culture and how it influences/contributes to contemporary cultures and/or what factors have changed perspective regarding Native American cultural practices.
resources cited, at least 3 of any format.
Cover Page.
Minimun 4 page (excluding reference and cover).
MLA formet with proper work cited on the last page
12/ Times/ Double Spacing.
.
Topic Stem Cell ResearchAPA Format I need these topics. don.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Stem Cell Research
APA Format
I need these topics. don't add other contents
Table of contents:
1. Overview of stem cell research -
1 Page
2. Embryonic Stem Cells -
2 Pages
3. Adult Stem Cells -
2 Pages
4. Legal issues - 1 Page
5. Conclusion- It should be a strong conclusion
References:
Use 3 Journal Articles or newspaper articles and 2 Internet site. for example .edu, .org, .gov.
another 2 references from the academically approved books.
see for more info and references in the document
.
Topic Styles of PolicingYou are a patrol officer in a middle- to .docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Styles of Policing
You are a patrol officer in a middle- to lower-class community, which is a suburb of a much larger metropolitan city. During the past 6 months, you have noticed an increase in what might be the beginning of gang activity in your community. You have begun to see gang-style graffiti painted on walls, buildings, and street signs. You have noticed that more young adults are gathering on street corners and appear to be dressing in clothing often associated with gang involvement. While no gang violence has occurred yet, you suspect it is not far away.
As discussed in your text, there are three distinct styles of policing. They are the watchman style, the legalistic style, and the service style.
In a single posting, describe in detail how you would address this growing problem using
each
of the policing styles listed above. Explain which approach is best, using research to substantiate your postings, citing your sources following APA format
.
Topic the legalization of same sex adoptionThese same sex adopti.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: the legalization of same sex adoption
These: same sex adoption should be legalized and be accepted by the public
attrachments: draft and suggestions from the professor
Develop this 8 pages draft to be a 15 pages final paper
APA style, double spaced, use 10 peer-review journals as sources
.
TOPIC The Truth About Caffeine3 pages,give some statistics of neg.docxVannaSchrader3
TOPIC/ The Truth About Caffeine
3 pages,give some statistics of negative effects of caffeine
the guides to follow:
topic:
Specific Purpose:to inform ....
Introduction:(discovering +history)
Body:
I like here to give some general info about caffeine and explain the negetive effects.
conclusion:
.
Topic Media Example (article)1) as usual, do an analysis of the.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Media Example (article)
1) as usual, do an analysis of the logic of the article on Religion which you choose:What is the : claim, premises, whether the argument in the article is valid or sound.
2) THEN, construct FOUR valid Formal Logic argument, using information from the article. One of each of the following forms must be included:
a) Modus Ponens
b) Modus Tollens
c) Chain Argument
d) Disjunctive Argument
please link me to the essay
Pages:
1, Double spaced
.
Topic Servant LeadershipThread In our reading we explored th.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Servant Leadership
Thread:
In our reading we explored the concept of servant leadership. Blanchard and Hodges present Jesus Christ as the ultimate example of the servant leader, and with good cause. But consider other servant leaders found in Scripture, too, and then answer the following questions: What biblical leader would you select as another good example of a servant leader? Why? How did this leader reflect principles from both Northouse’s description and Blanchard & Hodge’s description of a servant leader?
300-500 word discussion board with APA in text citation using at least three professional sources. class text leadership theory and practice by peter g. northhouse and lead like jesus by ken blanchard and phil hodges
.
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Topic:
Organization of Law Enforcement Agencies
Do you agree or disagree with the paramilitary style of organization of most law enforcement agencies? Defend your position. You must use current APA style. You must cite 1 scholarly-quality internet-based source/reference and 1 biblical source/reference to support your answer. Both sources must offer a specific connection to the discussion topic.
.
Topic Parents Should have a license to have childrenaprox. 500 wo.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Parents Should have a license to have children
aprox. 500 words
Focus on these three points
1. Childrens safety, health and happines
2. What makes a responsible parent
3.What determines a competent parent from an incompetent parent
-Include a citation page if using statistical data
.
Topic PATIENT DATA PRIVACYPerformance Improvement plan Proper an.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: PATIENT DATA PRIVACY
Performance Improvement plan: Proper and Intense training of employees
Success of the Performance Improvement Plan
A. If this initiative is successful, what would be the financial implications for the healthcare organization?
B. How would the existing information management systems contribute to the success of your proposal?
C. What organizational processes will permit continued viability of the performance improvement initiative, if it is successful?
D. Analyze interdepartmental communication that would be necessary for continued engagement in the proposed initiative.
1.5-2 pages. APA format with references please
thank you
.
Topic Kelly’s Personal ConstructsQuestionPrompt Analyze th.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic:
Kelly’s Personal Constructs
Question/Prompt:
Analyze the 4 common elements in most human disturbance according to Kelly (threat, fear, anxiety, and guilt). Compare each of these constructs with what Scripture says regarding these particular elements.
Answer must be 300+ words and contain 2 references.
.
Topic Fingerprints.Study fingerprinting in the textbook and res.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Fingerprints.
Study fingerprinting in the textbook and research and discuss the topic including
–but not limited to–
fingerprint history, types and different methods used to develop and preserve prints.
In addition, research and discuss Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS).
Due Sunday
.
Topic is Domestic Violence, Both men and women being the abus.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic is:
Domestic Viole
nce
, Both men and women being the abuser
Ask a question: Identify an issue of concern or personal curiosity relating to your profession.
Identify two bodies of knowledge: Which two disciplines will be used to help answer the question?
Example: History and Sociology
Conduct a literature review: What research has been done to help answer this question?
Hint #1: Make notes in the center column (see below) as resources are identified and read.
Hint #2: Compile an annotated bibliography as you find information as this will help you keep your sources organized and references correct.
Bringing It Together: Discuss the question extensively using information from the middle column above.
Conclusion: End the discussion with a conclusion—answer the question! Please note, there are two parts to the conclusion:
Part #1: Answer your question and discuss how (if) your personal views have changed based on what you’ve learned.
Part #2: Discuss how you plan to build on this knowledge going forward.
.
Topic is regional integration .First You need to find article and re.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic is regional integration .First You need to find article and resources which is related with this topic. you should write three pages about this article, resources and topic
I told assignment's structure in link that is why please check the link(file)
my native language is not English that is why if you use more simple words in assignment, it will be better
.
Topic Human Trafficking in relation to US Border and Coastal securi.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Human Trafficking in relation to US Border and Coastal security.
You are to prepare your paper in a word document (Times New Roman, Font 12-double space) using APA style format ("Resources" and APA info attached below). Your research paper should be
10-12 pages of content excluding your title page and reference page
. A minimum of 1
0 outside references required.
.
Topic is AutonomyShort papers should use double spacing, 12-point .docxVannaSchrader3
Topic is Autonomy
Short papers should use double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Sources should be cited according to a discipline-appropriate citation method. Page-length requirements: 1–2 pages,
APA format and properly cited.
Will be cheched for originality through Turn it in.
.
Topic Genetic connection of hypertension to cardiovascular disease .docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Genetic connection of hypertension to cardiovascular disease in african americans?
Needs to be specific and to address better current health disparities in specific population groups as well as the prevention of selected public health issue. Clearly and properly present the material by using relevant scientific information, statistical data, and research-based evidence from identified credible external sources.
Length: The written component of this assignment should be a minimum of 8 double-spaced pages.
References: At least
eight
references
must be included from
scholarly sources
. Quoted materialsshould not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. Materials copied verbatim from external sources must be enclosed in quotation marks. In-text reference citations are required as well as a list of references at the end of the assignment. (APA format is required.)
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to the questions.
Format: APA format is required for this assignment.
I have attached the annotated bibliography with sources to be used as well as an outline for reference on how to structure the paper.
.
topic Errors (medication or patient injury)in particular stra.docxVannaSchrader3
topic: Errors (medication or patient injury)
in particular strategies for reducing medication errors
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Topic differences between folk guitar and classic guitar.Minimu.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: differences between folk guitar and classic guitar.
Minimum of 1500 words. Double-spaced. Cite ALL sources appropriately. Use MLA or APA (or any other accepted publication) for citation standards.
This is a research paper. Do not plagiarize materials. Use quotes and cite other people's work whenever it is appropriate. Do your best to be creative and original with your writing style rather than "regurgitate" information to me. You may be as creative as you like (graphics, photos, audio) as long as your paper is concise, has proper flow and informs me of something about the guitar.
.
Topic Death Investigations. Review homicide investigation as de.docxVannaSchrader3
Topic: Death Investigations.
Review homicide investigation as described in the textbook and through research including
–but not limited to–
types of wrongful deaths, the preliminary investigation, dying declaration, estimating time of death, gunshot wounds, autoerotic death investigation, and suicide investigation.
Submit to the Dropbox before midnight
Sunday
.
.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
1. BUSI 504
Change Management Image Self-Reflection Assignment
Instructions
Overview
The self-reflection paper must be a minimum of 500 words,
double-spaced, and in current APA format. Please note that the
stated word count is a ‘minimum’. Therefore, students are
encouraged to ensure they have thoroughly researched and
responded to each question/prompt provided below. Each
assignment must include properly formatted references. Use at
least 2 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years), the
course textbook (PROVIDED BELLOW IN GREEN), and
biblical integration
Use 2 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years)
1.)
2.)
the course textbook (Six-Images Framework):
biblical integration:
1.) Use any Christian bible website
Instructions
Based on the Six-Images Framework, this paper will focus on
demonstrating an understanding of the six images, how those
2. images approach change management, assessing your personal
image(s), and then discussing how you, using the image or
images, would have addressed the transition at Sears (Chapter
1). Begin this assignment by reviewing the text regarding the
framework and then take the self-assessment to determine your
dominant image(s). As you reflect on the framework, your
personal image(s), and how change was approached by Eddie
Lampert at Sears, respond to the following prompts:
· What are the six change management images and how would
you define them?
· How would you describe their corresponding approaches to
change management?
· Detail the results of your assessment, including your top
image or images, if those images require actions that would
make you uncomfortable, and whether you feel you could
navigate between strong and weak images based on the
situational context.
· What is your assessment of the image(s) of Eddie Lampert in
this scenario?
· Using your dominant image or images, how would you have
approached the change management efforts by Eddie Lampert at
Sears?
Prepare your paper in accordance with the instructions – also
review the Change Management Image Self-Reflection
Assignment Grading Rubric prior to submitting your paper.
Grading Rubric:
APA Format:
3. Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the
Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Page 1 of 2
5. 70 to >65.0 pts
Advanced
All key components of the
Self-Reflection prompts
are answered. There is a
clear, logical flow to the
assignment and major
points are stated clearly.
Brings clarity to issues
being discussed and
relates issues to the
textbook and scholarly
sources. A thoughtful
analysis (considering
assumptions, analyzing
implications,
comparing/contrasting
concepts) is included for
all components.
65 to >60.0 pts
Proficient
Most key components of
the Self-Reflection
prompts are answered.
Majority of assignment
and major points are
clear, and flow logically.
Brings clarity to nearly all
issues being discussed
and relates most issues to
6. the textbook and scholarly
sources. A thoughtful
analysis (considering
assumptions, analyzing
implications,
comparing/contrasting
concepts) is included for
most components.
60 to >0.0 pts
Developing
Some key components of
the Self-Reflection
prompts are answered.
Some of assignment and
major points are clear,
and flow logically. Brings
clarity to some issues
being discussed and
relates some issues to the
textbook and scholarly
sources. A thoughtful
analysis (considering
assumptions, analyzing
implications,
comparing/contrasting
concepts) is included for
some components.
0 pts
Not
Present
7. 70 pts
Structure
Requirements
30 to >27.0 pts
Advanced
More than 2 scholarly
sources (plus the
textbook) are included.
Clear and relevant biblical
integration is included.
Proper spelling and
grammar are used with
no errors.
27 to >25.0 pts
Proficient
At least 2 scholarly
sources (plus the
textbook) are included.
Biblical integration is fairly
clear and relevant. Proper
spelling and grammar with
no more than 1-3 errors.
25 to >0.0 pts
Developing
At least 1 scholarly
sources (plus the
8. textbook) are included.
Clear and relevant biblical
integration is included.
Proper spelling and
grammar with no more
than 4-6 errors.
0 pts
Not
Present
30 pts
Total Points: 100
Change Management Image Self-Reflection Grading Rubric |
BMAL504_B04_202240
Personality Assesment
James W. Bland III
School of , Liberty University
Author Note
9. I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to .
Email:
Abstract
Studies show that there are sixteen work personalities. Those
personalities are known as the type of table, which the Publisher
wrote, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc. Palo Alto, Ca
94303. It shows how important it is to know identify your work
type for a healthy, happy, and fulfilled work environment for
yourself and others.
Keywords:
2
PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT 2
Introverts, extroverts, sensors, intuitive
Personality Assessment
Part 1: Jung and Briggs Myers personality results analysis
My personality test based on Jung and Briggs Myers
typology indicated that I have an INTJ (introverted (38
percent), Intuitive (19 percent), thinking (6 percent), and
judging (25 percent) type of personality. My results indicate
that I have a moderate preference for introversion over
extroversion. I have a slight preference for intuition over
sensing, a slight preference for thinking over feeling, and a mild
preference for judging over perceiving. As INTJ, my primary
mode of living is known to be focused intrinsically; I take
things and decisions based on my intuition. My secondary way
of living is external, where I deal with situations rationally and
logically. INTJ is known as masterminds; they live in a world of
ideas and plan strategically rather than following their
10. emotions. I value competence, intelligence, and knowledge as
an INTJ person, and I have similar expectations to other people
I work with currently and in the past. Since I am more of an
introvert, I channel my energy into observing the world to
generate potential ideas and possibilities which may turn out to
be innovative. According to David Keirsey, a psychologist, and
developer of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, nearly 1 to 4
percent of the world's population has an INTJ personality type.
Keirsey's four temperaments are better known as their
subdivided sixteen kinds of personalities. The four-character
types, according to Keirsey. The sixteen personality types
include guardians, Artisans, Rationales, and Idealists; there are
four personality types (Daniel, 2017).
I-introverted
Because I am more introverted at 38 percent, I am less
likely to interact with others and share my ideas. I spend much
of my time on my mind thinking about new ideas and how to
plan strategically. As a result, I usually have little interest in
the thoughts and feelings of other people.
Therefore, other people will perceive me as a reserved person
who is often isolated and less likely to share ideas. However, I
am open to welcoming ideas from other people that I perceive
as critical and logical since my primary focus as an INTJ person
is to uncover innovations. As an introvert, I prefer working by
myself ad strongly prefer solo work to group work. People find
it hard to know me because I see little value in social events
such as partying and small talk and thus making it difficult for
people to get to know me. As a result, I have reserved
interaction with a small circle of friends and family members.
A person with INTJ personality traits tends to have
difficulty establishing intimate solid relationships. I find it hard
to show affection to other people. I do not feel the need to
express appreciation to other people. People in a romantic
relationship with an INTJ person may feel as they are not loved
due to the type rarely showing respect. They are less likely to
give positive support and praise as other partners desire, which
11. I know significantly demonstrates in my personality (Daniel,
2017). I do not find it necessary to keep praising my partner,
and I rarely use words of affirmation to other people, which
makes them think that I am not romantic. In terms of career, I
have great interest and passion in pursuing what I live to
become more skilled and knowledgeable in my field of study. I
have high expectations, and I see it as my responsibility to
become the better version of myself.
I -Intuitive
Based on the personality test, my score for intuition was
19 percent. As an intuitive person, I slightly prefer intuition
over sensing. I tend to rely on imagination on the potential
outcomes rather than sense. I am more focused on tangible facts
and more specific results. I tend to discuss and assess different
views and options of what the world would look like in the
future. I am interested in the future rather than the current
moment. For example, I would like to think of where I will be
in five years and how that will influence my personal and
professional growth. In addition, I tend to exercise my
imagination to seek new ideas and possibilities.
T-thinking
I have a slight preference for thinking over feeling.
According to Keirsey's four temperaments, my INTJ personality
falls under the rational category as a mastermind. Masterminds
are planners, self-confident, systematic, utilitarian, willful, and
ingenious (Keirsey, n.d). Under planning, they understand the
logical outcomes of each move, and their decisions do not
influence by the current situation but the consequences of the
action. They quickly understand how a particular decision
affects the next step. They foresee what will be the outcome of
the present action. In addition, masterminds are self-confident
and thus quickly make decisions because they believe in their
intuitions and knowledge. When it comes to making decisions, I
rarely waste time because I am self-confident that I am making
the right decision. I have unparalleled certainty of my ability to
overcome barriers and achieve excellent outcomes.
12. Furthermore, INTJ's personality confronts challenges head-on
and acts as a stimulant for the mastermind to dig deep to
uncover innovations. INTJ personality follows a systematic
approach to a problem. In addition, a mastermind believes that
every situation exists for a reason, and thus every issue must
have a solution. They are interested in using ideas and their
utility in reality, not merely concerned about the pictures.
NTS value knowledge and competence over everything
else and seek to make sense of the world around them so that
they can help improve it. However, they are not generally
interested in taking care of details but instead are focused on
seeing the big picture, discovering ideas, and recognizing
patterns. Other people may find a person with an INTJ
personality as a rigid person because they are committed to
implementing their ideas. Other people may find it hard to
understand a person with an INTJ personality.
J- Judgment
From the personality test, I score 25 percent in
judgment. This score implies that I prefer judging over
perceiving. For example, I like gathering information from the
external world and analyzing it to gather new insights to make
informed judgments rather than perceiving a situation.
Part 2: Relationship of various personality types at work
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a practical
framework that shows how different personality types work
together. A workplace cannot be effective with too many people
sharing the same personality. The workplace will not be
effective because there are too many of the same character
traits, and they do not benefit from different input from people
with other character traits. For example, INTJ people are all
rational masterminds and not input from a person with ISTP
personality traits. An organization with an accurate mixture of
different personalities will perform better if it has idealists,
rationalists, guardians, and artisans. All these personality types
interact to bring out the best results. For example, ENFP
personality types are regarded as imaginative motivators, while
13. ENSTJ personality types are considered efficient organizers
(Thompson, 2022). As a result, a company needs efficient
organizers and creative motivators to perform to its full
potential. If an organization only has employees with ESTJ
personality type, it will have a workforce full of efficient
organizers.
However, unfortunately, it will be missing employees with
ENFP personality types who are imaginative motivators.
Different personality types bring various talents and ensure the
team generates a broad spread of ideas and solutions. However,
with team members having diverse personality traits can be hard
to synchronize the differences into something that can work for
the better of the company. However, it is not impossible if al l
team members respect the boundaries of others. For example, if
a person is an introvert and prefers email, approaching their
workstations may make them uncomfortable (Kroeger, Thuesen
& Rutledge, 2009). It is also imperative to come to people with
different personalities in different ways. For example, guardian
types prefer facts and patience. Therefore, it is essential to
approach the points and have plenty of time for them to make
decisions.
Based on the personality test results, I have learned the
impacts that my personality type, both positive and negative,
can have on an organization. One of the traits I have a person
with an INTJ personality type is that I can easily make a
decision because I can project the future outcomes, and thus, I
am confident with the decision I make. I can predict how the
future will unfold, and therefore, I can make strategic decisions
for an organization that will place the company in a better
position. As a mastermind, I am driven to achieve the result and
always watch the long-term consequences of a given action.
Therefore, I am now better positioned to avoid decisions that
may have adverse outcomes for an organization. INTJs are
about strategy, and organizations are about strategic planning.
As an INTJ, one of my biggest strengths is strategy. I approach
situations in terms of problem-solving by looking at the bigger
14. picture and the outcome of a given case. Businesses miss out
because of a lack of visionary leaders who can strategize
effectively (Kroeger, Thuesen & Rutledge, 2009). In addition,
as an INTJ, I am independent and have self-confidence about
myself. Self-confidence helps a leader take more bold moves
that can take the organization far ahead. However, one of the
weaknesses of INTJs is that they like working in solitary; this
can be a disadvantage, especially for projects that require
teamwork. I prefer working on projects alone. However, it can
be hard when I am supposed to team with other employees to
complete a task.
References
Kroeger, O., Thuesen, J. M., & Rutledge, H. (2009). Type talk
at work (revised): How the 16 personality types determine your
success on the job. Delta.
Thompson, J. (2022). How to work with all the Myers-Briggs
personality types.
https://www.atlassian.com/blog/leadership/every-myers-
briggs-personality-type
Keirsey. (n.d). Learn about the rational mastermind.
https://keirsey.com/temperament/rational- mastermind/
Daniel. (2017). Keirsey temperaments.
https://www.personalityclub.com/blog/keirsey-
temperaments/
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 1
15. Created by Christy Owen of Liberty University’s Online
Writing Center
[email protected]; last date modified: November 7, 2021
Sample APA Paper: Professional Format for Graduate/Doctoral
Students
Claudia S. Sample
School of Behavioral Sciences, Liberty University
Author Note
Claudia S. Sample (usually only included if author has an
ORCID number)
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to
16. Claudia S. Sample.
Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 2
Table of Contents
(Only Included for Easy Navigation; Hyperlinked for Quick
Access)
Sample APA Paper: Professional Format for Graduate/Doctoral
Students .................................... 6
Basic Rules of Scholarly Writing
.......................................................................................... .....
.... 7
Brief Summary of Changes in APA-7
.............................................................................................
8
Running Head, Author Note, and Abstract
..................................................................................... 9
Basic Formatting Elements
...............................................................................................
17. ............ 10
Font
...............................................................................................
.................................... 10
Line Spacing
...............................................................................................
...................... 10
Spaces After Punctuation
...............................................................................................
... 11
Footnotes
...............................................................................................
............................ 11
Heading Levels—Level 1
...............................................................................................
.............. 11
Level 2 Heading
...............................................................................................
................. 12
Level 3 Heading
...............................................................................................
..... 13
Level 4 Heading. Must be bolded and indented ½”. Add a
period, one
space, and begin your content on the same line as shown here.
....................................... 13
18. Level 5 Heading
............................................................................ 13
Specific Elements of Academic Papers
........................................................................................ 13
Tables of Contents and Outlines
....................................................................................... 13
Annotated Bibliographies
...............................................................................................
.. 14
Appendices
...............................................................................................
......................... 14
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 3
Crediting Your
Sources...................................................................................
.............................. 15
Paraphrasing and Direct Quotes
........................................................................................ 15
Paraphrasing
...............................................................................................
........... 16
19. Block Quotes
...............................................................................................
.......... 16
How Often to Cite Your Source in Each Paragraph
......................................................... 17
Rule for Omitting the Year of Publication
........................................................................ 17
Arranging the Order of Resources in Your Citations
....................................................... 17
Two Works by the Same Author in the Same Year
.......................................................... 18
Two Works by Two Different Authors with the Same Last Name
.................................. 18
Three or More Authors Cited In-Text
............................................................................... 18
Number of Authors in the Reference List
......................................................................... 19
Numbers
...............................................................................................
......................................... 19
Displaying Titles of Works in-Text
..............................................................................................
19
Primary Sources versus Secondary Sources
................................................................................. 20
20. Personal Communications
...............................................................................................
............. 20
Resources Canonically Numbered Sections (i.e., the Bible and
Plays) ........................................ 21
Bible and other Classical Works
....................................................................................... 21
Plays
...............................................................................................
................................... 22
Lectures and PowerPoints
...............................................................................................
.............. 22
Dictionary Entries
...............................................................................................
.......................... 23
Changes in Reference Entries
...............................................................................................
........ 23
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 4
Electronic Sources
...............................................................................................
21. ......................... 24
Adding Color
...............................................................................................
................................. 24
Self-Plagiarism
...............................................................................................
............................... 25
Final Formatting Tweaks
...............................................................................................
............... 26
Exhaustive Reference List Examples & Additional Helpful
Resources ....................................... 26
Conclusion
...............................................................................................
..................................... 29
References
...............................................................................................
...................................... 30
Appendix
...............................................................................................
........................................ 40
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
22. STUDENTS 5
Abstract
Begin your abstract at the left margin. This is the only
paragraph that should not be indented.
Unless otherwise instructed, APA recommends an abstract be no
more than 250 words. It should
generally not contain any citations or direct quotes. This should
be a tight, concise summary of
the main points in your paper, not a step-by-step of what you
plan to accomplish in your paper.
Avoid phrases such as “this paper will,” and just structure your
sentences to say what you want
to say. The following three sentences exemplify a good abstract
style: There are many
similarities and differences between the codes of ethics for the
ACA and the AACC. Both include
similar mandates in the areas of ----, ---, and ---. However, each
differs significantly in the areas
of ---, ---, and ---. For more detailed information, see “Writing
an Abstract” at
https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-
content/uploads/sites/28/2019/04/
23. Writing_an_Abstract_Revised_2012.pdf (note that you would
not include any links in your
abstract). This is just now at 168 words, so eyeball how brief
your abstract must be. Think of
your paper as a movie you want to sound enticing, and the
abstract as the summary of the plot
you would share to draw people’s interest into wanting to come
and see your movie. You want to
really hook and intrigue them. What you have to say is
important! Remember to stay under 250,
words. Keywords highlight the search terms someone would use
to find your paper in a database.
Keywords: main words, primary, necessary, search terms
https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-
content/uploads/sites/28/2019/04/Writing_an_Abstract_Revised
_2012.pdf
https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/wp-
content/uploads/sites/28/2019/04/Writing_an_Abstract_Revised
_2012.pdf
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 6
Sample APA Paper: Professional Format for Graduate/Doctoral
Students
24. The title of your paper goes on the top line of the first page of
the body (American
Psychological Association [APA], 2019, section 2.11). It should
be centered, bolded, and in title
case (all major words—usually those with four+ letters—should
begin with a capital letter)—see
p. 51 of your Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association: Seventh Edition
(APA, 2019; hereinafter APA-7). It must match the title that is
on your title page (see last line on
p. 32). As shown in the previous sentence, use brackets to
denote an abbreviation within
parentheses (bottom of p. 159). Write out the full name of an
entity or term the first time
mentioned before using its acronym (see citation in first
sentence in this paragraph), and then use
the acronym throughout the body of the paper (section 6.25).
There are many changes in APA-7. One to mention here is that
APA-7 allows writers to
include subheadings within the introductory section (APA,
2019, p. 47). Since APA-7 now
regards the title, abstract, and term “References” to all be
Level-1 headings, a writer who opts to
25. include headings in his or her introduction must begin with
Level-2 headings as shown above
(see section 2.27) for any divisions within the introductory
section.
If you do choose to include headings in your introduction
section (which is optional), be
sure to include two or more subheadings, since APA (2019)
forbids stand-alone heading levels.
A second notable change in APA-7 is that writers are no longer
required to cite their source every
single sentence that content from it is mentioned (section 8.1).
As demonstrated in this paper,
since all of the content (other than the examples included for
illustration and reference-entry
variation purposes) comes directly from the APA-7 itself,
citations to the APA-7 are only
included for the first instance in each paragraph. Section and/or
page numbers are included
parenthetically throughout for the sake of students who desire to
know exactly where the stated
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 7
26. rule appears in the APA-7 itself. In your academic papers,
however, it is critical to include the
required author(s) and year, as applicable, for all citations that
are included; this may include
more than one citation for each resource per paragraph, as
required to avoid any confusion about
the source of that content.
Basic Rules of Scholarly Writing
Most beginning students have difficulty learning how to write
papers and also format
papers correctly using the seventh edition of the APA manual.
However, the Liberty University
Online Writing Center’s (OWC) mission includes helping
students learn how to be autonomous,
proficient writers. The OWC also provides students with
templates to help them with basic
formatting elements, but this sample paper is designed to help
graduate and doctoral students
learn to master APA rules and formatting on their own, which
will prove helpful as they progress
in their studies and work toward future publication in scholarly
journals.
For the purpose of instruction, this paper will use second person
27. (you, your), but third
person (this author) must be used in most student papers. First
person (I, me, we, us, our) is not
generally permitted in academic papers. Students should refrain
from using first or second person
in college courses (even though the APA manual encourages
this in other writing venues) unless
the assignment instructions clearly permit such (as in the case
of personal reflection sections or
life histories). If in doubt, students should clarify with their
professors.
APA-7 delineates separate rules and guidelines between
“student” and “professional”
writers (APA, 2019). Because a primary purpose of graduate
and doctoral studies is to prepare
those students to publish professionally, Liberty University has
decided to have undergraduate
students follow APA-7’s guidelines for “student papers,” and
graduate/doctoral students follow
APA-7’s guidelines for “professional papers.” Separate
templates are available for each level.
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 8
28. This sample paper illustrates and discusses the rules and
formatting of professional papers, as
required for all Liberty University graduate and doctoral
courses using APA-7 style.
Brief Summary of Changes in APA-7
Most of these changes will be discussed in more detail below;
this is just a very brief
overview here. APA-7 reverts back to only one space after
closing punctuation in the body of the
paper (APA-6 required two spaces; APA, 2019, section 6.1).
Student (undergraduate) papers no
longer include a running head or abstract (sections 2.2 and 2.8);
professional (graduate/doctoral)
papers require an abstract but the running head is now the same
on all pages (the added phrase
“Running head:” from APA-6 has been eliminated; see section
2.8). Title pages are different for
both student and professional formats. The title of a paper is no
longer limited to 12 words
(section 2.4).
Citations of all resources with three or more authors now use
the first author’s last name
29. and the term et al. (APA, 2019, section 8.17). Reference entries
must name up to the first 19
authors before adding an ampersand and ellipsis (up from APA-
6’s six authors; section 9.8).
APA-7 omits the phrase DOI and instead standardizes DOIs to
be presented in hyperlink format
(i.e., https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1524838017742386; section
9.35). Formatting guidelines for
annotated bibliographies are included in APA-7 (section 9.51),
as well as expanded and
standardized reference entry examples. As discussed above, it is
no longer necessary to cite a
source every single time you refer to content gleaned from it as
long as it is clear the content
comes from that source (section 8.1); APA-7 also expanded the
specific location noted in the
citation to include page, paragraph, section (as used throughout
this sample paper, to direct the
student to the exact relevant content), chapter, timestamp, etc.
(section 8.13).
APA-7 allows for “self-plagiarism” (clarified and defined
below). It also invites writers to
30. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 9
highlight the most relevant work first, rather than just present
all works in alphabetical order
(APA, 2019, section 8.12).
Heading-level formatting has changed, and APA-7 provides
more flexibility in font and
line spacing (APA, 2019). The Bible must now be included in
the reference list and its citations
must include the editor’s details and year (section 8.28); there
are also new rules for dictionary
entries. Publisher city and state details are omitted from all
reference entries except those
involving presentations or conferences, as is the phrase
“retrieved from.” Hyperlinks should be
live, but they may be either presented as blue underlining or
plain black text.
Running Head, Author Note, and Abstract
APA (2019) delineates separate formatting requirements for
what it terms “student” and
“professional” papers. Its descriptions for those labels,
however, suggests that it regards
31. undergraduate-level writing to fall within the student purview,
and graduate/doctoral-level
writing (including dissertations and theses) to fall within the
professional purview. Since a
significant goal in graduate and post-graduate studies is
preparing those students to publish in
scholarly journals at and beyond graduation, it makes sense to
train those students in the
formatting that is required for professionals. As such, Liberty
University has opted to require the
APA-7’s “student” version format for all undergraduate
assignments using APA, and its
“professional” version for all graduate and doctoral
assignments. To that end, this being the
sample paper for professional formatting, it includes the
additional elements required for such: a
running head (same on all pages), an author’s note, and an
abstract. Graduate and doctoral
students will use this format. Note that the first “paragraph”
under the author’s note is generally
only included if the author has an ORCID number, which most
students will not have. However,
it is included in this sample paper and the corresponding
template because the purpose of these
32. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 10
resources is to prepare students to publish manuscripts post-
graduation. The student’s full
address, however, is intentionally omitted from the Liberty
University template and this sample
paper for privacy and safety reasons, since student papers are
often unfortunately published
online and disclosing their home addresses could pose safety
risks.
Basic Formatting Elements
Font
APA-7 does not prescribe a specific font or size (APA, 2019,
section 2.19) but rather
allows for some choice (e.g., 12-point Times New Romans, 11-
point Calibri, 11-point Arial, 11-
point Georgia, or 10-point Lucinda Sans Unicode). Most
journals and academic institutions will
have a preference, however, as even APA-7 acknowledges on p.
44. For this reason—and
because font size can easily be changed if an editor interested in
33. publishing a student’s work
prefers a different font—Liberty University recommends that
students use 12-point Times New
Romans or 11-point Calibri font for the body text in all
academic papers. Data in charts, figures,
and tables should be presented in 8- to 14-point size in either
Calibri, Arial, or Lucinda Sans
Unicode font. Students are not permitted to use any fonts such
as script, calligraphy, poster,
decorative, or others not found in published scholarly journals.
Since APA-7 itself authorizes a
variety of fonts and sizes, assignments will be gauged by word
count rather than page count.
Word count constitutes the number of words within the body of
the paper, and excludes the title
page, abstract, reference list, appendices, and other
supplemental resources.
Line Spacing
APA-7 adds extra/blank lines on the title page (APA, 2019,
sections 2.5, 2.7, 2.21). It also
specifies that spacing in tables and figures may be single-, 1-
1/2-, or double-spaced; equations
can be triple- or quadruple-spaced. Footnotes, when used at the
bottom of a page, should be
34. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 11
single-spaced (section 2.21).
Spaces After Punctuation
APA-7 reverts back to just one space after closing punctuation
in the body of the paper, as
well as in reference entries (APA, 2019, section 6.1).
Ordinarily, it would be improper to have a
paragraph with only one sentence, though APA itself asserts
that for its purposes “sentences and
paragraphs of any length are technically allowed.”1
Footnotes
This leads to another new rule in APA-7, one allowing the
inclusion of footnotes (APA,
2019, section 2.13). Footnotes should be use very sparingly and
are appropriate to include
information such as that in the prior section to alert the reader
to supplemental material that is
available online for that thought. Though APA-7 authorizes
placement of footnote content either
35. at the bottom of the page (as in this sample paper) or on a
separate page after the reference list
(section 2.21), Liberty University recommends that student
place them, when used, at the bottom
of the page, as shown here.
Heading Levels—Level 1
This sample paper uses primarily two levels of headings (Levels
1 and 2). APA style,
however, has five heading levels, which will be demonstrated
briefly for visual purposes. See
section 2.27 of your APA-7 (APA, 2019) for more details on
heading levels and formatting. In
APA-7, all heading levels are now bolded and in title case
(capitalize each major word—usually
those with four or more letters, including hyphenated compound
words). Do not capitalize
articles (a, an, the) in headings unless they begin a title or
follow a colon. Level 1 headings are
centered, with the content falling on the line beneath each, in
standard paragraph format.
1 See https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2016/05/index.html
https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2016/05/index.html
36. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 12
Many students misunderstand that you progress from Level 1 to
Level 2 to Level 3 to
Level 4 to Level 5, but that is not correct. In fact, your paper
may have only Level 1 headings, or
just Levels 1 and 2. The rule of thumb is that you must have at
least two of each heading level
that you use, otherwise omit that heading level.
Headings are basically styling ways of organizing your paper,
without using an outline
format. APA specifies five levels of headings; you would likely
never use Level 5 and only very
rarely use Level 4 as a student. Think of each level as the
different levels in an outline. Roman
numerals, for example, would be Level 1 headings. Capital
letters would be Level 2 headings.
Numerals would be Level 3 headings. Lowercase letters would
be Level 4. And lowercase
Roman numerals would be Level 5. You must always have two
or more of each subheading, but
37. you do not need every level. You start with Level 1 and work
down from that (but not
consecutive 1-2-3-4-5). Under a Level 1, you would either have
two+ Level 2 headings or none
at all (just one big section in paragraphs before the next Level 1
section).
Special note about conclusion sections: Please note that some of
the sample papers
published by APA to demonstrate proper APA-7 format
(including the “professional” sample on
pp. 50-60 of the APA-7 manual) depict the “Conclusion” section
with a Level-2 heading. This is
limited to empirical papers that are being submitted for
publication in scholarly journals, as those
conclusions pertain to the “Discussion” sections in such papers
and are not conclusions of the
overall papers themselves. Conclusions in academic papers at
Liberty University will be Level 1
headings (including dissertations and theses, which are divided
by chapters, unlike journal article
manuscripts).
Level 2 Heading
Level 2 headings are left-justified (APA, 2019, p. 48). The
supporting information is
38. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 13
posed in standard paragraph form beneath it. Never use only one
of any level of heading. You
must use two or more of any level you use, though not every
paper will require more than one
level. The heading levels are simply demonstrated here for
visual purposes, but you would
always have two or more of each under a larger heading, as
shown throughout all the other
sections of this sample paper.
Level 3 Heading
Level 3 headings are bolded, left-justified, and italicized; the
content falls on the line
underneath, as with Levels 1 and 2.
Level 4 Heading. Must be bolded and indented ½”. Add a
period, one space, and begin
your content on the same line as shown here.
Level 5 Heading. Same as Level 4, but also italicized. Despite
heavy writing experience,
39. this author has never used Level 5 headings.
Specific Elements of Academic Papers
Tables of Contents and Outlines
APA (2019) does not regulate every type of paper and some
elements in various
assignments are not addressed in the APA-7 manual, including
outlines and tables of content. In
those cases, follow your professor’s instructions and the grading
rubric for the content and
format of the outline or annotations, and use standard APA
formatting for all other elements
(such as running head, title page, body, reference list, 1"
margins, double-spacing, permitted
font, etc.). Note that most academic papers will not require a
table of contents, nor would one be
appropriate. One was included in this paper simply for ease-of-
access so students could go
directly to the content they want to see. Generally speaking, no
table of contents would be
necessary for papers less than 20 pages of content, unless
otherwise required by your professor.
40. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 14
That being said, when organizing outlines in APA format, set
your headings up in the
proper levels (making sure there are at least two subheadings
under each level), and then use
those to make the entries in the outline. As discussed above,
Level 1 headings become uppercase
Roman numerals (I, II, III), Level 2 headings become capital
letters (A, B, C), Level 3 headings
become numbers (1, 2, 3), Level 4 headings become lowercase
letters (a, b, c), and Level 5
headings become lowercase Roman numerals (i, ii, iii). Many
courses now require “working
outlines,” which are designed to have the bones and
foundational framework of the paper in
place (such as title page, abstract, body with title,
outline/heading divisions, supporting content
with citations, and references), without the full “meat” that fills
out and forms a completed paper.
Annotated Bibliographies
Many Liberty University courses also now require students to
prepare and submit an
41. annotated bibliography as a foundational step to building a
research paper. There is significant
merit in these assignments, as they teach students to critique the
resources they have found and
rationalize why each is relevant for their paper’s focus. APA
(2019) includes a section on
annotated bibliographies (9.51; see the example provided on p.
308). The appendix attached to
this sample paper also includes a sample annotated
bibliography.
Appendices
Appendices, if any, are attached after the reference list (APA,
2019, section 2.14). You
must refer to them (i.e., “callout”) in the body of your paper so
that your reader knows to look
there (see the yellow-highlighted callouts to Table 1 on p. 54
and to Footnote 1 on p. 55 of your
APA-7 for visuals on how this should appear in your paper).
The word “Appendix” is singular;
use it to refer to individual appendices. APA-7 regards it as a
Level 1 heading so it should be
bolded. I attached a sample Annotated Bibliography as a visual
aid (see Appendix). You will see
42. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 15
that I included the title “Appendix” at the top of the page and
formatted it in standard APA
format beneath that. Because I only included one appendix, it is
simply titled as such. If there are
more appendices, assign a letter to each and denote each by
that: “Appendix A” and “Appendix
B.”
Crediting Your Sources
Paraphrasing and Direct Quotes
Paraphrasing is rephrasing another’s idea in one’s own words by
changing the wording
sufficiently without altering the meaning (remember not to just
change a word here or there or
rearrange the order of the original source’s wording). Quoting is
using another’s exact words.
Both need to be cited; failure to do so constitutes plagiarism.
Include the author(s) and year for
paraphrases, and the author(s), year, and page or paragraph
number for direct quotes. APA-7 also
43. expands this to include figure number, time stamp, etc.—
whatever detail is necessary to get the
reader directly to that content. Page numbers should be used for
any printed material (books,
articles, etc.), and paragraph numbers should be used in the
absence of page numbers (online
articles, webpages, etc.; see APA, 2019, section 8.13). Use p.
for one page and pp. (not italicized
in your paper) for more than one (section 8.25). Use para. for
one paragraph and paras. (also not
italicized in your paper) for two or more (section 8.28). For
example: (Perigogn & Brazel, 2012,
pp. 12–13) or (Liberty University, 2019, para. 8). Section 8.23
of the APA (2019) manual
specifies that it is not necessary to include a page or paragraph
number for paraphrases (just for
direct quotes), but writers may choose to do so to help their
readers find that content in the cited
resource.
When naming authors in the text of the sentence itself (called a
narrative citation), use the
word “and” to connect them. For example, Perigogn and Brazel
(2012) contemplated that . . .
44. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 16
Use an ampersand (&) in place of the word “and” in
parenthetical citations and reference lists:
(Perigogn & Brazel, 2012).
Paraphrasing
Only use quotes when the original text cannot be said as well in
your own words or
changing the original wording would change the author’s
meaning. You cannot simply change
one word and omit a second; if you paraphrase, the wording
must be substantially different, but
with the same meaning. Regardless, you would need to cite the
resource you took that
information from. For example, Benoit et al. (2010) wrote that
“although, a link between
attachment and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms
has been established, the
mechanisms involved in this link have not yet been identified”
(p. 101). A paraphrase for that
quote might be: A link between dysfunctional attachment and
45. the development of PTSD has
been made, though there is insufficient data to determine
exactly how this mechanism works
(Benoit et al., 2010).
Block Quotes
Quotes that are 40 or more words must be blocked, with the left
margin of the entire
quote indented ½ inch. Maintain double-spacing of block
quotes. APA prefers that you introduce
quotes but note that the punctuation falls at the end of the direct
quote, with the page number
outside of that (which is contrary to punctuation for non-
blocked quotes). For example, Alone
(2008) claims:2
Half of a peanut butter sandwich contains as much bacteria as
the wisp of the planet
Mars. Thus, practicality requires that Mrs. Spotiker nibble one
bit at a time until she is
assured that she will not perish from ingesting it too quickly.
(p. 13)
2 Note that there are no quotation marks for block quotes, as
shown in the example.
46. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 17
Usually quotes within quotes use single quotation marks;
however, use double quotation marks
for quotes within blocked quotes, since there are no other
quotation marks involved. Also
understand that direct quotes should be used sparingly in
scholarly writing; paraphrasing is much
preferred in APA format (APA, 2019, section 8.23), as it
demonstrates that you read, understood,
and assimilated other writers’ content into one cohesive whole.
How Often to Cite Your Source in Each Paragraph
As already mentioned above, APA’s (2019) new official rule is
that you no longer must
cite your source every single time you refer to material you
gleaned from it (section 8.1). It is
now acceptable to cite your source the first time you refer to
content from it in your paragraph,
and then not again in that same paragraph unless your phrasing
does not make the source of your
content clear. This is demonstrated throughout this sample
47. paper.
Rule for Omitting the Year of Publication
That being said, APA (2019) has clarified its special rule that
excludes the year of
publication in subsequent narrative in-text citations (when you
name the authors in the text of the
sentence itself), after the first narrative citation in each
paragraph. It should continue to appear in
all parenthetical citations (see section 8.16). For example,
Alone (2008) portrays imagery of Mrs.
Spotiker. This includes her devouring a peanut butter sandwich
(Alone, 2008). Alone conveys
this through the lens of astronomy. Note that the year of
publication was omitted from the second
narrative citation (underlined for visual purposes).
Arranging the Order of Resources in Your Citations
If the material you cited was referred to in multiple resources,
separate different sets of
authors with semicolons, arranged in the order they appear
(alphabetically by the first author’s
last name) in the reference list (i.e., Carlisle, n.d.-a; Prayer,
2015) (APA, 2019, section 8.12).
48. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 18
APA-7 now invites writers to prioritize or highlight one or more
sources as most prominent or
relevant for that content by placing “those citations first within
parentheses in alphabetical order
and then insert[ing] a semicolon and a phrase, such as ‘see
also,’ before the first of the remaining
citations” (APA., 2019, p. 263)—i.e., (Cable, 2013; see also
Avramova, 2019; De Vries et al.,
2013; Fried & Polyakova, 2018). Periods are placed after the
closing parenthesis, except with
indented (blocked) quotes.
Two Works by the Same Author in the Same Year
Authors with more than one work published in the same year are
distinguished by lower-
case letters after the years, beginning with a (APA, 2019,
section 8.19). For example, Double
(2008a) and Double (2008b) would refer to resources by the
same author published in 2008.
When a resource has no date, use the term n.d. followed by a
dash and the lowercase letter (i.e.,
49. Carlisle, n.d.-a and Carlisle, n.d.-b; see APA, 2019, section
8.19).
Two Works by Two Different Authors with the Same Last Name
Citations in the body of the paper should include only the last
names, unless you have
two or more resources authored by individuals with the same
last name in the same year (or are
citing a personal communication). When there are two different
authors with the same last name
but different first names who published in the same year,
include the first initials: Brown, J.
(2009) and Brown, M. (2009) (APA, 2019, section 8.20).
Three or More Authors Cited In-Text
When referring to material that comes from three or more
authors, APA-7 now requires
that all citations name just the first author’s last name followed
by the words et al. (without
italics) (APA, 2019, section 8.17). Et al. is a Latin abbreviation
for et alii, meaning “and others,”
which is why the word “al.” has a period, whereas “et” does not.
Alone et al. (2011) stipulated
50. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 19
that peacocks strut. Every single time I refer to their material, I
would apply APA-7’s rule: Alone
et al. (2011) or (Alone et al., 2011). Since et al. denotes plural
authors, the verb must be plural to
match, too: Alone et al. (2011) are… This applies to all
citations within the body of the paper
with three or more authors.
Number of Authors in the Reference List
For resources with 20 or fewer authors in the reference list,
write out all of the authors’
last names with first and middle initials, up to and including the
20th author (APA, 2019, section
9.8). APA-7 has a special rule for resources with 21 or more
authors: Write out the first 19
authors’ last names with initials, insert an ellipsis (…) in place
of the ampersand (&), and finish
it with the last name and initials of the last author. See example
#4 provided on page 317 of your
APA-7, as well as this paper’s reference list for visuals of these
variances (Acborne et al. 2011;
51. Kalnay et al., 1996).
Numbers
Numbers one through nine must be written out in word format
(APA, 2019, section 6.33),
with some exceptions (such as ages—see section 6.32).
Numbers 10 and up must be written out
in numerical format (section 6.32). Always write out in word
format any number that begins a
sentence (section 6.33).
Displaying Titles of Works in-Text
The names of journals, books, plays, and other long works, if
mentioned in the body of
the paper, are italicized in title case (APA, 2019, section 6.17).
Titles of articles, lectures, poems,
chapters, website articles, and songs should be in title case,
encapsulated by quotation marks
(section 6.7). The year of publication should follow the author’s
name, whether in narrative or
parenthetical format: Perigogn and Brazel (2012) anticipated…,
or (Perigogn & Brazel, 2012).
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 20
52. The page or paragraph number must follow after the direct
quote. Second (2015) asserted that
“paper planes can fly to the moon” (p. 13). You can restate that
with a parenthetical citation as:
“Paper planes can fly to the moon” (Second, 2015, p. 13).
Second (2011) is another resource by
the same author in a different year.
Primary Sources versus Secondary Sources
APA (2019) strongly advocates against using secondary
sources; rather, it favors you
finding and citing the original (primary) resource whenever
possible (section 8.6). On the rare
occasion that you do find it necessary to cite from a secondary
source, both the primary (who
said it) and secondary (where the quote or idea was mentioned)
sources should be included in the
in-text citation information. If the year of publication is known
for both resources, include both
years in the citation (section 8.6). Only the secondary source
should be listed in the reference
section, however. Use “as cited in” (without the quotation
marks) to indicate the secondary
53. source. For example, James Morgan hinted that “goat milk
makes the best ice cream” (as cited in
Alone, 2008, p. 117). Morgan is the primary source (he said it)
and Alone is the secondary
source (he quoted what Morgan said). Only the secondary
source is listed in the reference section
(Alone, and not Morgan) because if readers want to confirm the
quote, they know to go to page
117 of Alone’s book.
Personal Communications
APA (2019) rationalizes the exclusion of references for
information obtained through
personal communication (such as an interview, email, telephone
call, postcard, text message, or
letter) in the reference list because your readers will not be able
to go directly to those sources
and verify the legitimacy of the material. Instead, these items
are cited only in the body of the
paper. You must include the individual’s first initial, his or her
last name, the phrase “personal
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 21
54. communication” (without the quotation marks), and the full date
of such communication (section
8.9). As with other citations, such citations may be either
narrative or parenthetical. For example,
L. Applebaum advised him to dip pretzel rolls in cheese fondue
(personal communication, July
13, 2015). The alternative is that he was advised to dip pretzel
rolls in cheese fondue (L.
Applebaum, personal communication, July 13, 2015). Note that
there is no entry for Applebaum
in the reference list below.
Resources Canonically Numbered Sections (i.e., the Bible and
Plays)
These resources should be cited in book format (APA, 2019,
Section 9.42). The Bible and
other religious works are generally regarded as having no
author; an annotated version would be
treated as having an editor. Include republished dates as
necessary. The OWC will publish a list
of reference entries for various Bible versions on its APA Quick
Guide webpage.
Bible and other Classical Works
55. Works such as the Bible, ancient Greek or Roman works, and
other classical works like
Shakespeare must be cited in the body of the paper (APA, 2019,
section 8.28). APA-7 now also
requires that they be included in the reference list, too (section
9.42), which is a significant
change from APA-6. Republished dates are included as well
(see section 9.41). As such, you
would add a parenthetical phrase at the end of your reference
entry with the original publication
details; note that there should be no punctuation following such
parenthetical content at the end
of a reference entry (the reference entries depicting this in the
reference list below are correctly
punctuated).
Citations for the Bible will include the Bible version’s name in
the author’s position (as
an anonymous work), original and republished years, and then
the book chapter/verse (spelled
out) in place of the page number (i.e., King James Bible,
1769/2017, Genesis 3:8)—see sections
https://www.liberty.edu/casas/academic-success-center/apa-
guide/
56. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 22
8.28 and 9.42. Note that APA (2019) requires book titles to be
italicized in every venue,
including citations and reference entries. Because Liberty
University is a distinctly-Christian
institution and many of its courses require biblical integration,
most if not all of its students will
cite the Bible in virtually every course. The examples provided
on pp. 274 and 325 of APA-7 are:
(note the italics in each)
Solomon 8:6)
7). King James Bible
Online.
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/ (Original work
published 1769)
Plays
When citing plays, “cite the act, scene, and line(s), in a single
string, separated by
57. periods. For example, ‘1.3.36-37’ refers to Act 1 Scene 3, Lines
36-37” (APA, 2019, section
8.28; see also example #37 on p. 325).
Lectures and PowerPoints
APA (2019) has expanded and standardized its rules for
citations and reference entries in
an effort to best credit the original sources. It now includes
rules for crediting content in course
or seminar handouts, lecture notes, and PowerPoint
presentations (see #102 on p. 347). When
citing a PowerPoint presentation, include the slide number
rather than the page number. For
purposes of Liberty University course presentations and lectures
(which are not readily available
to the public), reference each as a video lecture with the URL
(if available) for the presentation,
naming the presenter(s) in the author’s position. Include the
course number, lecture title, and
enough details for others to identify it within that course, in a
sort of book format, naming
Liberty University as publisher. Peters (2012) is an example of
this in the reference list of this
58. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 23
paper. If the presenter for a Liberty University class lecture is
not named, credit Liberty
University as the author; see Liberty University (2020) in the
reference list below as an example.
Dictionary Entries
In keeping with its efforts to standardize reference entries, APA
(2019) now requires
citation and referencing of word definitions from dictionaries to
follow the same rules for
chapters in an edited book (see #47 and #48 on p. 328; section
8.13). As such, you will now
name either the individual, group, or corporate author of the
dictionary in the author’s place (e.g.,
Merriam-Webster, n.d.). If you searched online, include the
retrieval date and the URL to the
exact webpage. If you used a hard copy book, include the
publisher details. The in-text citation
in the body of the paper would follow standard author/year
format (e.g., Merriam-Webster, n.d.).
Changes in Reference Entries
59. There are a number of notable changes in APA-7 from past
versions. For the most part,
these simplify and unify the formats to be more consistent
across the different resource venues.
Some of these have already been discussed above (i.e., naming
up to 19 authors’ names before
adding an ellipsis, and crediting authors and editors of classical
works and dictionaries). Other
changes include italicizing names of webpages and website
resources in the reference list (APA,
2019, section 6.22), as well as book titles even when named in
the author’s position (such as
King James Bible). The city and state locations of publishers
are no longer required; only include
those details “for works that are associated with a specific
location, such as conference
presentations” (p. 297, section 9.31). Issue numbers are
required for all journal articles that have
such, regardless of what page number each issue begins with
(section 9.25). If two or more
publishers are listed on the copyright page, include all of them
in the order listed, separated by
semicolons (section 9.29). Omit the word Author in the
publisher’s place when it is the same as
60. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 24
the author (section 9.24).
Electronic Sources
Note that since the APA 6th edition was published in 2010,
great strides have been made
in online and electronic resource accessibility, and APA’s
position on electronic resources has
shifted to embrace this. More and more resources are available
electronically through the
Internet. The advent of this increased availability has resulted
in APA-7’s effort to standardize
the formatting of resources, which in turn simplifies them to
some extent. All reference entries
follow the same basic details: Author(s), year of publication,
name of resource, and location
details (i.e., either journal name/volume/issue/page numbers, or
book publisher, or webpage).
APA (2019) requires inclusion of a Digital Object Identifier
(DOI) in the references
whenever available (section 9.34); if not, then a webpage, if
61. available. In keeping with its
unification of resources, APA-7 now standardizes all DOIs and
URLs to be presented in
https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1524838017742386 format. The
phrase “Retrieved from” is now
excluded except when the content may have changed (such as
dictionary entries, Twitter profiles,
Facebook pages; see section 9.16). APA-7 requires all
hyperlinks to be active (so your reader can
click on one to go directly to that webpage), but they may
appear as either blue-underlined text
or simple black text (section 9.35). There should be no period
after any URL. APA-7 no longer
requires authors to break long URLs with soft returns (hold
down the Shift key and press the
Enter key) at forward slashes, periods, or underscores to avoid
unsightly spacing gaps, but it may
be best to do so in academic papers.
Adding Color
Though APA (2019) authorizes writers to include the use of
color in photographs and
figures (section 7.26), Liberty University discourages this in
academic papers. It risks becoming
62. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1524838017742386
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 25
distracting for both students in their quest to be creative, and
professors in their quest to focus on
academic content.
Self-Plagiarism
APA (2019) also invites writers to repurpose some of their
work in future papers.
Specifically, APA-7 states that:
In specific circumstances, authors may wish to duplicate their
previously used works
without quotation marks or citation …, feeling that extensive
self-referencing is
undesirable or awkward and that rewording may lead to
inaccuracies. When the
duplicated material is limited in scope, this approach is
permissible. (p. 8.3)
APA-7 adds “Do not use quotation marks or block quotation
formatting around your own
duplicated material” (p. 256).
63. Liberty University, however, has stringent rules against self-
plagiarism, as do many
scholarly journals. Liberty University students receive grades
for their class papers; those who
have received feedback and a grade from a prior professor on a
prior paper have an advantage
over their classmates, both in having the benefit of that
feedback/grade and in not having to write
a whole paper from scratch during the subsequent class. Student
papers are also submitted to
SafeAssign to deter plagiarism. For these reasons, Liberty
University expressly forbids students
using significant portions of a prior paper in a subsequent
course (either a retake of the same
course or a new class altogether). It is conceivabl e that students
who are building their
knowledge base in a subject matter—particularly at the graduate
and post-graduate levels—
would reasonably justify incorporating brief excerpts from past
papers into current ones. In such
case, Liberty University authorizes students to utilize APA-7’s
disclosure (i.e., “I have previously
discussed”), along with a citation to the prior class paper and a
reference entry (i.e., Owen, 2012;
64. SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 26
Yoo et al., 2016). Such self-references and re-use of content
from prior papers should be used
sparingly and disclosed fully in the current paper; that content
should not constitute a significant
portion of any academic assignment, however.
Final Formatting Tweaks
The templates provided by Liberty University are already
formatted with proper spacing,
margins, heading level structure, and hanging indents, as
necessary. With the exceptions of the
title page, figures, and equations, papers in APA format shoul d
be double-spaced throughout,
with no extra spacing between lines. Academic papers at Liberty
University should also be in
one of the accepted fonts throughout (recommended: Times New
Romans, 12-point font).
Sometimes when you format your paper or cut-and-paste
material into it, things get skewed. One
65. quick way to ensure that your paper appears correct in these
regards is to do a final formatting
tweak after you have completed your paper. Hold down the
“Ctrl” button and press the “A” key,
which selects and highlights all of the text in your paper. Then
go to the Home tab in Microsoft
Word and make sure that whichever acceptable font/size you
choose to use is selected in the Font
box. Next, click on the arrow at the bottom of the Paragraph
tab. Set your spacing before and
after paragraphs to “0 pt” and click the “double” line spacing.
The extra spacing required on the
title page is already programmed into the template and should
not change even when you
complete these actions.
Exhaustive Reference List Examples & Additional Helpful
Resources
The reference list at the end of this paper includes an example
of a myriad of different
sources and how each is formatted in proper APA-7 format. One
example of each of the primary
types of resources will be included in the reference list, as cited
in the body of this paper.
Remember that, for purposes of this paper only, many of the
66. sources cited in the body of the
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 27
paper were provided for illustrative purposes only and thus are
fictional, so you will not be able
to locate them if you searched online. Nevertheless, in keeping
with APA-7 style, all resources
cited in the body of the paper are included in the reference list
and vice versa (except for personal
communications, per APA-7’s published exceptions). Be
absolutely sure that every resource cited
in the body of your paper is also included in your reference list
(and vice versa), excepting only
those resources with special rules, such as personal
communications and primary sources you
could not access directly.
The reference list in this paper is fairly comprehensive and will
include a book by one
author who also appears as one of many authors in another
resource (Alone, 2008; Alone et al.,
2011); chapters in edited books (Balsam et al., 2019; Haybron,
67. 2008; Perigogn & Brazel, 2012;
Weinstock et al., 2003); electronic version of book (Strong &
Uhrbrock, 1923); electronic only
book (O’Keefe, n.d.); edited books with and without DOIs, with
multiple publishers (Hacker
Hughes, 2017; Schmid, 2017); work in an anthology (Lewin,
1999); journal articles (Andrews,
2016; Carlisle, n.d.-a, n.d.-b; De Vries R. et al., 2013;
McCauley & Christiansen, 2019);
newspaper article (Goldman, 2018; Guarino, 2017); online
webpages (Liberty University, 2019;
Prayer, 2015); resource with corporate author as publisher
(American Psychological Association,
2019); resources by two authors with the same last name but
different first names in the same
year of publication (Brown, J., 2009; Brown, M., 2009); two
resources by same author in the
same year (Double, 2008a, 2008b; Carlisle, n.d.-a, n.d.-b); two
resources by the same author in
different years (Second, 2011, 2015); resource with 20 authors
(maximum allowed by APA-7
before special rule applies) (Acborne et al., 2011); resource
with 21 or more authors (Kalnay et
al., 1996); dictionary entries (American Psychological
68. Association, n.d.; Graham, 2019;
Merriam-Webster, n.d.); Liberty University class lecture using
course details (Peters, 2012);
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 28
PowerPoint slides or lecture notes, not including course details
(Canan & Vasilev, 2019); citing a
student’s paper submitted in a prior class, in order to avoid self-
plagiarism (Owen, 2012);
unpublished manuscript with a university cited (Yoo et al.,
2016); code of ethics (American
Counseling Association, 2014); diagnostic manual (American
Psychiatric Association, 2013);
religious and classical works, including the Bible (Aristotle,
350 BC/1994; King James Bible,
1769/2017; Shakespeare, 1623/1995); dissertation or thesis
(Hollander, 2017; Hutcheson, 2012);
review of a book (Schatz, 2000); video (Forman, 1975); podcast
(Vedentam, 2015); recorded
webinar (Goldberg, 2018); YouTube or other streaming video
(University of Oxford, 2018); clip
69. art or stock image (GDJ, 2018); map (Cable, 2013); photograph
(McCurry, 1985); data set (Pew
Research Center, 2018); measurement instrument (Friedlander
et al., 2002); manual for a test,
scale, or inventory (Tellegen & Ben-Porah, 2011); test, scale, or
inventory itself (Project
Implicit, n.d.); report by a government agency or other
organization (National Cancer Institute,
2018); report by individual authors at a government agency or
other organization (Fried &
Polyakova, 2018); annual report (U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, 2017); conference
session (Fistek et al., 2017); and webpages (Avramova, 2019;
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, 2018; National Nurses United, n.d.; U.S. Census
Bureau, n.d.).
Lastly, below are a few webpages that address critical topics,
such as how to avoid
plagiarism and how to write a research paper. Be sure to check
out Liberty University’s Online
Writing Center (https://www.liberty.edu/online/casas/writing-
center/) for more tips and tools, as
well as its Facebook page
(https://www.facebook.com/groups/LUOWritingCenter).
Remember
70. that these links are only provided for your easy access and
reference throughout this sample
paper, but web links and URLs should never be included in the
body of scholarly papers; just in
the reference list. Writing a research paper
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zaa-PTexW2E
https://www.liberty.edu/online/casas/writing-center/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/LUOWritingCenter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zaa-PTexW2E%20
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 29
or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNT6w8 t3zDY and
avoiding plagiarism
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeCrUINa6nU).
Conclusion
The conclusion to your paper should provide your readers with a
concise summary of the
main points of your paper (though not via cut-and-pasted
sentences used above). It is a very
important element, as it frames your whole ideology and gives
your readers their last impression
71. of your thoughts. Be careful not to introduce new content in
your conclusion.
After your conclusion, if you are not using the template
provided by the Online Writing
Center, insert a page break at the end of the paper so that the
reference list begins at the top of a
new page. Do this by holding down the “Ctrl” key and then
clicking the “Enter” key. You will go
to an entirely new page in order to start the reference list. The
word “References” (not in
quotation marks) should be centered and bolded. Items in the
reference list are presented
alphabetically by the first author’s last name and are formatted
with hanging indents (the
second+ lines of each entry are indented 1/2” from the left
margin). APA authorizes the use of
singular “Reference” if you only have one resource.3 Students
would, of course, NOT include
any color-coding or footnotes in their reference entries.
However, for the sake of clarity and
ease in identifying what each entry represents, each one
included in the reference list of this
sample paper is color-coordinated to its corresponding footnote,
with a brief description of what
73. Publishers. 6
American Counseling Association. (2014). 2014 ACA code of
ethics.
https://www.counseling.org/knowledge-center 7
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
statistical manual of mental disorders
(5th ed.).
https://www.doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 8
American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Positive
transference. In APA dictionary of
psychology. Retrieved August 31, 2019, from
https://dictionary.apa.org/positive-
transference 9
American Psychological Association. (2019). Publication
manual of the American Psychological
Association (7th ed.). 10
4 Resource with 20 authors (maximum allowed by APA before
special rule applies).
5 Entry by author who also appears as one of many authors in
another resource (single author
appears first in list).
6 Multiple authors appear after same single-author resource.
74. 7 Code of ethics.
8 Diagnostic manual.
9 Entry in a dictionary, thesaurus, or encyclopedia, with group
author.
10 Resource with corporate author as publisher.
https://www.counseling.org/knowledge-center
https://www.doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
https://dictionary.apa.org/positive-transference
https://dictionary.apa.org/positive-transference
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 31
Andrews, P. M. (2016). Congruence matters. Educational
Leadership, 63(6), 12-15. 11
Aristotle. (1994). Poetics (S. H. Butcher, Trans.). The internet
Classics Archive.
http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.html (Original work
published ca. 350 B.C.E.) 12
Avramova, N. (2019, January 3). The secret to a long, happy,
heathy life? Think age-positive.
CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/03/health/respect-toward-
elderly-leads-to-long-life-
intl/index.html 13
75. Balsam, K. F., Martell, C. R., Jones, K. P., & Safren, S. A.
(2019). Affirmative cognitive
behavior therapy with sexual and gender minority people. In G.
Y. Iwamasa & P. A.
Hays (Eds.), Culturally responsive cognitive behavior therapy:
Practice a supervision
(2nd ed., pp. 287-314). American Psychological Association.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012 14
Benoit, M., Bouthillier, D., Moss, E., Rousseau, C., & Brunet,
A. (2010). Emotion regulation
strategies as mediators of the association between level of
attachment security and PTSD
symptoms following trauma in adulthood. Anxiety, Stress, and
Coping, 23(1), 101-118.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615800802638279
Brown, J. (2009). Ardent anteaters. Brockton.
Brown, M. (2009). Capricious as a verb. Journal of Grammatical
Elements, 28(6), 11-12. 15
11 Journal article without DOI, from most academic research
databases or print version.
12 Ancient Greek or Roman work.
76. 13 Webpage on a news website.
14 Chapter in an edited book with DOI.
15 Resources by two authors with the same last name but
different first names in the same year of
publication. Arrange alphabetically by the first initials.
http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.html
https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/03/health/respect-toward-elderly-
leads-to-long-life-intl/index.html
https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/03/health/respect-toward-elderly-
leads-to-long-life-intl/index.html
https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615800802638279
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 32
Cable, D. (2013). The racial dot map [Map]. University of
Virginia, Weldon Cooper Center for
Public Service. https://demographics.coopercenter.org/Racial -
Dot-Map 16
Canan, E., & Vasilev, J. (2019, May 22). [Lecture notes on
resource allocation]. Department of
Management Control and Information Systems, University of
Chile. https:// uchilefau.
academia.edu/ElseZCanan 17
77. Carlisle, M. A. (n.d.-a). Erin and the perfect pitch. Journal of
Music, 21(3), 16-17. http:// make-
sure-it-goes-to-the-exact-webpage-of-the-source-otherwise-
don’t-include 18
Carlisle, M. A. (n.d.-b). Perfect pitch makes sweet music.
Journal of Music, 24(8), 3-6. http://
make-sure-it-goes-to-the-exact-webpage-of-the-source-
otherwise-don’t-include
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, January 23).
People at high risk of
developing flu-related complications.
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/index.htm 19
De Vries R., Nieuwenhuijze, M., Buitendijk, S. E., & the
members of Midwifery Science Work
Group. (2013). What does it take to have a strong and
independent profession of
midwifery? Lessons from the Netherlands. Midwifery, 29(10),
1122-1128.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.007 20
Double, C. (2008a). This is arranged alphabetically by the name
of the title. Peters.
Double, C. (2008b). This is the second (“the” comes after
“arranged”). Peters. 21
78. 16 Map.
17 PowerPoint slides or lecture notes.
18 Online journal article with a URL and no DOI; also depicts
one of two resources by the same
author with no known publication date.
19 Webpage on a website with a group author.
20 Journal article with a DOI, combination of individual and
group authors.
21 Two resources by same author in the same year. Arrange
alphabetically by the title and then
add lowercase letters (a and b, respectively here) to the year.
https://demographics.coopercenter.org/Racial-Dot-Map
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/index.htm
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.007
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 33
Fistek, A., Jester, E., & Sonnenberg, K. (2017, July 12-15).
Everybody’s got a little music in
them: Using music therapy to connect, engage, and motivate
[Conference session].
Autism Society National Conference, Milwaukee, WI, United
79. States.
https://asa.confex.com/asa/2017/webprogramarchives/Session95
17.html 22
Forman, M. (Director). (1975). One flew over the cuckoo’s nest
[Film]. United Artists. 23
Fried, D., & Polyakova, A. (2018). Democratic defense against
disinformation. Atlantic Council.
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/in-depth-research-
reports/report/democratic-defense-
against-disinformation/ 24
Friedlander, M. L., Escudero, V., & Heatherton, L. (2002). E-
SOFTA: System for observing
family therapy alliances [Software and training videos]
[Unpublished instrument].
http://www.softa-soatif.com/ 25
GDJ. (2018). Neural network deep learning prismatic [Clip art].
Openclipart.
https://openclipart.org/detail/309343/neural-network-deep-
learning-prismatic 26
Goldberg, J. F. (2018). Evaluating adverse drug effects
[Webinar]. American Psychiatric
Association.
https://education.psychiatry.org/Users/ProductDetails.aspx?
80. ActivityID=6172 27
Goldman, C. (2018, November 28). The complicate calibration
of love, especially in adoption.
22 Conference session.
23 Video.
24 Report by individual authors at a government agency or other
organization.
25 Measurement instrument.
26 Clip art or stock image.
27 Webinar, recorded.
https://asa.confex.com/asa/2017/webprogramarchives/Session95
17.html
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/in-depth-research-
reports/report/democratic-defense-against-disinformation/
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/in-depth-research-
reports/report/democratic-defense-against-disinformation/
http://www.softa-soatif.com/
https://openclipart.org/detail/309343/neural-network-deep-
learning-prismatic
https://education.psychiatry.org/Users/ProductDetails.aspx?Acti
vityID=6172
https://education.psychiatry.org/Users/ProductDetails.aspx?Acti
vityID=6172
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 34
81. Chicago Tribune. 28
Graham, G. (2019). Behaviorism. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The
Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy
(Summer 2019 ed.). Stanford University.
https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2019/entries/behaviorism
29
Guarino, B. (2017, December 4). How will humanity react to
alien life? Psychologists have some
predictions. The Washington Post.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-
science/wp/2017/12/04/how-will-humanity-react-to-alien-life-
psychologists-have-some-
predictions/ 30
Hacker Hughes, J. (Eds.). (2017). Military veteran
psychological health and social care:
Contemporary approaches. Routledge. 31
Haybron, D. M. (2008). Philosophy and the science of
subjective well-being. In M. Eid & R. J.
Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 17-43).
Guilford Press. 32
Hollander, M. M. (2017). Resistance to authority:
Methodological innovations and new lessons
82. from the Milgram experiment (Publication No. 10289373)
[Doctoral dissertation,
University of Wisconsin-Madison]. ProQuest Dissertations and
Theses Global. 33
Hutcheson, V. H. (2012). Dealing with dual differences: Social
coping strategies of gifted and
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer adolescents
[Master’s thesis, The College
28 Newspaper article without DOI, from most academic
research databases or print version
29 Entry in a dictionary, thesaurus, or encyclopedia, with
individual author.
30 Online newspaper article.
31 Edited book without a DOI, from most academic research
databases or print version.
32 Book chapter, print version.
33 Doctoral dissertation, from an institutional database.
https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2019/entries/behaviorism
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-
science/wp/2017/12/04/how-will-humanity-react-to-alien-life-
psychologists-have-some-predictions/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-
84. scientist: A Kurt Lewin reader (pp. 265-284). American
Psychological Association.
https://doi.org/10.1037/10319-010 (Original work published
1948) 37
Liberty University. (2019). The online writing center.
https://www.liberty.edu/online/casas/
writing-center/ 38
Liberty University. (2020). BIOL 102: Human biology. Week
one, lecture two: Name of class
lecture. https://learn.liberty.edu 39
34 Thesis or dissertation, from the web (not in a database).
35 Resource with 21 or more authors. Note the ellipse (…) in
place of the ampersand (&).
36 Religious work.
37 Work in an anthology.
38 Online webpage with URL.
39 Liberty University class lecture with no presenter named.
https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539272210/
http://doi.org/%20fg6rf9
https://doi.org/10.1037/10319-010
https://www.liberty.edu/online/casas/%20writing-center/
https://www.liberty.edu/online/casas/%20writing-center/
86. No. 18-2424). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
National Institutes of
Health. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-
education/life-after-treatment.pdf 43
National Nurses United. (n.d.). What employers should do to
protect nurses from Zika.
https://www.nationalnursesunited.org/pages/what-employers-
should-do-to-protect-rns-
from-zika 44
O’Keefe, E. (n.d.). Egoism & the crisis in Western values.
http:// www. onlineoriginals.com/
showitem.asp?itemID-135 45
40 Typical journal article with doi.
41 Photograph.
42 Dictionary entry.
43 Report by a government agency or other organization.
44 Webpage on a website with no date.
45 Electronic only book.
https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/national-
geographic-magazine-50-years-of-covers/#/ngm-1985-jun-
714.jpg
88. Pew Research Center. (2018). American trend panel Wave 26
[Data set].
https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/dataset/american-trends-panel-
wave-26 49
Prayer. (2015). http:// www exact-webpage 50
Project Implicit. (n.d.). Gender–Science IAT.
https://implicit.harvard.edu/implici/taketest.html 51
Schatz, B. R. (2000, November 17). Learning by text or
context? [Review of the book The social
life of information, by J. S. Brown & P. Duguid]. Science, 290,
1304.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5495.1304 52
Schmid, H.-J. (Ed.). (2017). Entrenchment and the psychology
of language learning: How we
reorganize ad adapt linguistic knowledge. American
Psychological Association; De
46 Citing a student’s paper submitted in a prior class, in order
to avoid self-plagiarism.
47 Chapter from an edited book.
48 Liberty University class lecture using course details.
49 Data set.
50 Online resource with no named author. Title of webpage is in
89. the author’s place.
51 Test, scale, or inventory itself.
52 Review of a book.
https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/dataset/american-trends-panel-
wave-26
https://implicit.harvard.edu/implici/taketest.html
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5495.1304
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 38
Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1037/15969-000 53
Second, M. P. (2011). Same author arranged by date (earlier
first). Journal Name, 8, 12-13.
Second, M. P. (2015). Remember that earlier date goes first.
Journal Name, 11(1), 18. 54
Shakespeare, W. (1995). Much ado about nothing (B. A. Mowat
& P. Werstine, Eds.).
Washington Square Press. (Original work published 1623) 55
Strong, E. K., Jr., & Uhrbrock, R. S. (1923). Bibliography on
job analysis. In L. Outhwaite
(Series Ed.), Personnel research series: Vol. 1, Job analysis and
the curriculum (pp. 140-
146). https://doi.org/10.1037/10762-000 56
90. Tellegen, A., & Ben-Porah, Y. S. (2011). Minnesota
Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2
Restructured Form (MPI-2-RF): Technical manual. Pearson. 57
U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. and world population clock.
U.S. Department of Commerce.
Retrieved July 3, 2019, from https://www.census.gov/popclock
58
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (2017). Agency
financial report: Fiscal year 2017.
https://www.sec.gov/files/sec-2017-agency-financial-report.pdf
59
University of Oxford. (2018, December 6). How do geckos walk
on water? [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qm1xGfOZJc8 60
53 Edited book with a DOI, with multiple publishers.
54 Two resources by the same author, in different years.
Arrange by the earlier year first.
55 Shakespeare.
56 Electronic version of book chapter in a volume in a series
57 Manual for a test, scale, or inventory.
58 Webpage on a website with a retrieval date.
91. 59 Annual report.
60 YouTube or other streaming video.
https://doi.org/10.1037/15969-000
https://doi.org/10.1037/10762-000
https://www.census.gov/popclock
https://www.sec.gov/files/sec-2017-agency-financial-report.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qm1xGfOZJc8
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 39
Vedentam, S. (Host). (2015-present). Hidden brain [Audio
podcast]. NPR. https://www.npr.org/
series/423302056/hidden-brain 61
Weinstock, R., Leong, G. B., & Silva, J. A. (2003). Defining
forensic psychiatry: Roles and
responsibilities. In R. Rosner (Ed.), Principles and practice of
forensic psychiatry (2nd
ed., pp. 7-13). CRC Press. 62
Yoo, J., Miyamoto, Y., Rigotti, A., & Ryff, C. (2016). Linking
positive affect to blood lipids: A
cultural perspective [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of
Psychology, University of
Wisconsin-Madison. 63
92. 61 Podcast.
62 Chapter in an edited book without a DOI, from most
academic research databases or print
version.
63 Unpublished manuscript with a university cited.
https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain
https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 40
Appendix
Annotated Bibliography
Cross, D. & Purvis, K. (2008). Is maternal deprivation the root
of all evil? Avances en
Psycologia Latinoamericana, 26(1), 66-81.
Weaving spiritual applications throughout the article, the
authors incorporate a plethora
of references to substantiate that maltreatment has a direct
connection to attachment
disorders. They provide articulate and heavily-supported
93. reasoning, detailing the specific
causes of maternal deprivation individually and then
incorporating them in a broader
sense to answer the article’s title in the affirmative.
Feldman, R. (2007), Mother-infant synchrony and the
development of moral orientation in
childhood and adolescence: Direct and indirect mechanisms of
developmental continuity.
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77(4), 582-597.
This longitudinal study tracked 31 Israeli children from ages 3
months to 13 years
(infancy to adolescence). There were direct parallels noted
between increased
attachment/coherence and the child’s moral cognition, empathy
development, and verbal
IQ. Toddlers who were able to regulate their own behavior later
proved to excel in lead-
lag structures and language skills.
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 1
94. Created by Christy Owen of Liberty University’s Online
Writing Center
[email protected]; last date modified: February 7, 2022
Sample APA Paper: Professional Format for Graduate/Doctoral
Students
Claudia S. Sample
School of Behavioral Sciences, Liberty University
Author Note
Claudia S. Sample (usually only included if author has an
ORCID number)
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
95. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to
Claudia S. Sample.
Email: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 2
Table of Contents
(Only Included for Easy Navigation; Hyperlinked for Quick
Access)
Sample APA Paper: Professional Format for Graduate/Doctoral
Students .................................... 6
Basic Rules of Scholarly Writing
...............................................................................................
.... 7
Brief Summary of Changes in APA-7
.............................................................................................
8
Running Head, Author Note, and Abstract
..................................................................................... 9
Basic Formatting Elements
96. ...............................................................................................
............ 10
Font
...............................................................................................
.................................... 10
Line Spacing
...............................................................................................
...................... 10
Spaces After Punctuation
...............................................................................................
... 11
Footnotes
...............................................................................................
............................ 11
Heading Levels—Level 1
...............................................................................................
.............. 11
Level 2 Heading
...............................................................................................
................. 12
Level 3 Heading
...............................................................................................
..... 13
Level 4 Heading. Must be bolded and indented ½”. Add a
period, one
space, and begin your content on the same line as shown here.
....................................... 13
97. Level 5 Heading
............................................................................ 13
Specific Elements of Academic Papers
........................................................................................ 13
Tables of Contents and Outlines
....................................................................................... 13
Annotated Bibliographies
...............................................................................................
.. 14
Appendices
...............................................................................................
......................... 14
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 3
Crediting Your
Sources...................................................................................
.............................. 15
Paraphrasing and Direct Quotes
........................................................................................ 15
Paraphrasing
...............................................................................................
........... 16
98. Block Quotes
...............................................................................................
.......... 16
How Often to Cite Your Source in Each Paragraph
......................................................... 17
Rule for Omitting the Year of Publication
........................................................................ 17
Arranging the Order of Resources in Your Citations
....................................................... 17
Two Works by the Same Author in the Same Year
.......................................................... 18
Two Works by Two Different Authors with the Same Last Name
.................................. 18
Three or More Authors Cited In-Text
............................................................................... 18
Number of Authors in the Reference List
......................................................................... 19
Numbers
...............................................................................................
......................................... 19
Displaying Titles of Works in-Text
..............................................................................................
19
Primary Sources versus Secondary Sources
................................................................................. 20
99. Personal Communications
...............................................................................................
............. 20
Resources Canonically Numbered Sections (i.e., the Bible and
Plays) ........................................ 21
Bible and other Classical Works
....................................................................................... 21
Plays
...............................................................................................
................................... 22
Lectures and PowerPoints
...............................................................................................
.............. 22
Dictionary Entries
...............................................................................................
.......................... 23
Changes in Reference Entries
...............................................................................................
........ 23
SAMPLE APA-7 PAPER FOR GRADUATE/DOCTORAL
STUDENTS 4
Electronic Sources