This document describes a study comparing the sensitivity of GAFCHROMIC EBT film to measurements from an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for different radiation doses. Four head and neck patient plans were selected and delivered doses of 200 cGy and 800 cGy. Film calibration curves were generated by exposing films to known doses from 0-1000 cGy. Films and EPID images from patient plans were analyzed using gamma evaluation with 3%/3mm and 4%/4mm criteria. Results showed over 95% of points passed for both lower and higher dose deliveries. The document provides details on the facilities, equipment, and procedures used in the study.
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Enhancement of clinical outcome using OBI and Cone Beam CT in Radiotherapydrsumandas
Improving the quality of radiation treatment by use of on board image Guidance (OBI) with KV Xray and CBCT. This decreases the variability in daily dose delivery and improves outcome.
Medical imaging technique is well advanced today and we are measuring signals from protons level in MRI imaging. But we left behind a error in 2-D measurement in digital X- ray in imaging. This we found out during imaging of Scanogram. In this presentation we are explaining that how we are controlling this error by applying small trick for given plane interest on the digital X-ray Scanogram image.
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Effect of Specular Focal Distance on Endothelial Cell Density Accuracy
Comparison of film sensitivity with epid for different doses.
1. Presented by- Jyoti Bisht
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute
2. Staff & Facilities available in the hospital :
Two Linacs : Varian 600C (6MV)and
Varian IX(6 &15 MV)
Treatment Planing System : Eclipse (AAA)
HDR Brachytherapy :Nucletron
MicroSelectron
Treatment Planing System : Oncentra
Imaging Modelities : MRI,CT
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
3. AIM- Comparison of Film Sensitivity With
EPID For Different Doses.
What we are doing?
We have taken four patient’s plan of small and irregular target in
Head & Neck area(Highly modulated).
For all of four plans we are delivering 200 cGy and 800 cGy.
Study:
Effect on the GAFCROMATIC film sensitivity with increasing
dose(MU)and comparing it with portal image fluence getting
from EPID.
Film orientation, MU dependency.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
4. Material needed for this purpose:
Test plan :Four plans generated From
TPS(complicated & highly
modulated plans)
GAFCROMIC EBT2 :1cGy -1000cGy
Phantom :RW3 slab phantom
Point ion chamber :0.125cc
Electrometer :UNIDOS E
Varian LINAC :Varian 600C EPID of
( 0.768*0.384)
Scanner :Microtek ScanMarker
1000XL (0.34to 0.042ps)
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
5. For this measurement we are using GAFCHROMIC EBT
film. Why GAFCROMATIC EBT2 film ???
It has the Zeff =6.84 and when
compared to water ,Zeff=7.3
provides a comparatively good
match.
Its Energy dependence is less
than 10% over 60kvp to 6MV.
Having high spatial resolution
(100um).
Active layer incorporate yellow
Marker dye.
Real time development.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
6. Response OF GAFCROMATIC EBT2 film
depends:
The film response in lower MU is non-linear.
Energy spectrum of the LINAC.
Characteristics of scanner or densitometer.
Elapsed time between exposure and measurement.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
7. Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID):
Used for patient’s position
verification in IMRT/IGRT
cases.
Mounted on gantry head.
aSi-500 portal imager has
following parts-
Image detection unit.
Image acquisition system.
A Portal Vision Workstation.
Sensitive area of panel : 512*384
Active area of EPID :22cm*20cm
Pixel size Crosslay Hospital Galaxy 0.384
:0.768* EPID Portal Dosimeter
Pushpanjali
Cancer Institute
8. EPID calibration :
Dark Image :from
aSi 500 without
any exposure
Flood Image: By
exposing whole imaging
cassette to an open field
CI=[RI-DF]/FF*kff
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
9. EPID Characteristics:
Linearity :EPID response is linear over a large range .
Dose rate dependency in EPID is very less (2% for
300MU/min).
For smaller fields EPID response is linear .
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
10. Film Calibration(Absolute Dose Measurement ):
Chamber :0.125cc point
chamber
Ref point :on central axis at
of Cham the center of
cavity
Phantom :RW3 slab phan
SCD : 95cm
Dose rate :320 MU/min
Temperature :20.7C
Pressure :976 mbar
Energy : 6MV
Electrometer :UNIDOS E
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute
11. Set Up: For Film Calibration
Set up :SAD
Phantom :RW3 slab
phantom
EBT2 film :3cm*3cm
Backscatter :19.5cm
C SSD :100cm
V
SFD :95cm
Field Size :10cm*10cm
Dose Rate :320 MU/min
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
12. Film Calibration :
Set the 0.125cc chamber at 95cm in RW3 slab
phantom.
Expose with the same MU are for which we are
exposing the film for calibration.
Note down the readings in terms of dose.
This point measurement will help us to know the
central point dose in the film.
Now expose the films with the same MU given to the
chamber.
All films should be scanned after 24 hours.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
13. Film Calibration Curve :
Delivered MU Dose
25 0.2376
50 0.4725
75 0.7071
100 0.942
200 1.883
300 2.824
400 3.768
500 4.711
600 5.652
700 6.595
800 7.535
900 8.478
1000 9.420
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital OD vs Dose graph
Galaxy Cancer Institute
15. X and Y profiles in EPID Gamma Evaluation:
Field1 DTA:3mm DTA:4mm
DD:3% DD:4%
Passing Criteria 95.844 99.251
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
16. For patient -1 (2Gy)
DTA 4mm
DD 4%
Total Points 13761
Passing 13312
Points
Passing % 96.74
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
17. For patient -1 (8Gy)
DTA 4mm
DD 4%
Total Points 11938
Passing 11902
Points
Passing % 99.7
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute
19. X and Y profiles in EPID Gamma Evaluation:
Field1 DTA:3mm DTA:4mm
DD:3% DD:4%
Passing Criteria 96.489 99.573
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
20. For patient -2 (2Gy)
DTA 5mm
DD 5%
Total Points 16503
Passing 15866
Points
Passing % 95.48
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
21. For patient-2 (8Gy)
DTA 5mm
DD 5%
Total Points 18574
Passing Points 18019
Passing % 97.01
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute
23. X and Y profiles in EPID Gamma Evaluation:
Field1 DTA:3mm DTA:4mm
DD:3% DD:4%
Passing Criteria 87.74 95.8
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
24. For Patient-3 (2Gy)
TG profile
DTA 5mm
DD 5%
Total Points 26182
Passing 24999
Points
Passing % 95.52
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute
25. For Patient-3 (8Gy)
DTA 5mm
DD 5%
Total Points 22698
Passing 18749
Points
Passing % 82.6
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
26. Analysis :
Film is commercially a good tool for IMRT QA cross
check with respect to EPID.
Film sensitivity is good in high dose region(>200MU).
If we change the orientation of the film then drastic
change in the measured values because of the
construction of the film and the readout orientation
while calibration of the film.
In EPID due to saturation in high dose we can’t get
good response.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
27. Conclusion :
In film due to high spatial resolution we are getting
reliable results.
Getting good results in high dose region(>200MU).
In routine measurements EPID is convenient in
comparison to the Film.
Film set-up is easy but evaluation takes time and
requires very much alertness.
Film is direction dependent and should be careful while
handling, cutting and scanning.
In low dose region film response is not linear.
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital
Galaxy Cancer Institute
28. Special thanks to:
Dr. Sandeep Agrawal : Head of Galaxy Cancer
Institute
Mr. Venketeshan K. : Head Medical Physicist
Mr. Bala subhramanaym : Medical Physicist
Mr. Swaminathan T. : Medical Physicist
Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital Galaxy
Cancer Institute