Definition of community participation
Importance of community participation
Participation as amean and as an end
Core features of community participation
Factors that affect community participation positively
Archtypes of community participation
A process by which a community mobilizes its resources, initiates and takes responsibility for its own development activities and share in decision making for and implementation of all other development programmes for the overall improvement of its health status.
AIMS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
The community develops self-reliance
The community develops critical awareness
The community develops problem solving skills
TYPES OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Passive – (Manipulation)
Active – (consultation)
Involvement – (Community control)
The mission is to secure, enforceable rights, within an enabling environment that expands business opportunity, entrepreneurship and access to justice to the poor...
Definition of community participation
Importance of community participation
Participation as amean and as an end
Core features of community participation
Factors that affect community participation positively
Archtypes of community participation
A process by which a community mobilizes its resources, initiates and takes responsibility for its own development activities and share in decision making for and implementation of all other development programmes for the overall improvement of its health status.
AIMS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
The community develops self-reliance
The community develops critical awareness
The community develops problem solving skills
TYPES OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Passive – (Manipulation)
Active – (consultation)
Involvement – (Community control)
The mission is to secure, enforceable rights, within an enabling environment that expands business opportunity, entrepreneurship and access to justice to the poor...
Empowerment of women and Legal Provision
Dr. Vibhuti Patel,
Director, PGSR & Professor & Head,
Department of Economics, SNDT Women’s University,
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020.
E-mail- vibhuti.np@gmail.com Phone-91-022-26770227, mobile-9321040048
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women are as follows:
Fundamental Rights ensure empowerment of women thro’
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3)- empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16- provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
The directive Principals ensure empowerment of women thro’
• Article 39- enjoins the state to provide an
– adequate means of livelihood to men and women and
– Equal pay for equal work
– Article 42- State to ensure the provision for just and humane condition of work and maternity relief.
• Fundamental duties
• Article 51v (A) (e) - fundamental duty on every citizen to renounce the practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• Financial Accountability
• Article 151- reports relating to the accounts of the Union and states to be prepared and placed before the Parliament and State legislatures respectively.
Articulation of the demands and alternatives suggested by the women’s movement constantly refer to the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India such as
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3) that empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16 that provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
When the government of India signed the UN charter on Equality, Development and Peace in 1975, the process of gender audit in the governance got an official stamp. In 1976, the Equal Remuneration Act was enacted to provide equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal wages for work of similar nature. NGOs have been consistently doing public scrutiny of Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and specific provisions for women in general labour laws, The Factories Act, 1948 – Section 34 provides that the State government can lay down rules prescribing weights that may be carried by men and women, The Contract Labour (Abolition and Regulation) Act and Rules- that separate provision of utilities for women and fixed working hours.
Though these laws have proper implementation mechanisms, there is no provision for monitoring the effect of these laws on women. Allowance for special provisions for women have often proven to be detrimental to their employment opportunities. Participation of workingwomen in the decision-making processes in the industrial and agrarian relations is abysmally low. Women’s access to legal service largely remains inadequate in spite of the legal service Act, 1987.
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3. Introduction
• Present World is consist of 46% of Rural population .
• Today Rural areas are facing major challenges
• Rural Development
• Rural development may be defined as,
“ overall development of rural areas to improve the quality of
life of rural people. It is an integrated process, which includes social,
economical, political and spiritual development of the poorer sections
of the society.
4. Introduction
• What is a Community?
UNAIDS defines ``community'' as that a community is a group
of people who have something in common and will act together
in their common interest.
• Empowerment –
Empowerment' refers to the process by which people gain
control over the factors and decisions that shape their lives.
• Therefore,
Community empowerment refers to the process of enabling
communities to increase control over their lives.
5.
6. New vision for Rural Development –
Community Empowerment
• New vision Required for Rural development:
A vision of prosperity through the empowerment of
local communities.
• Top-down plans and donor-driven investment programs
have proven less than successful.
• An empowered community is one which is:
1. Confident
2. Inclusive
3. Organized
4. Co-operative
5. Influential
8. How traditional approach to rural development different
from community empowerment?
“New roof”
Traditional / short cut approach
You contract with a builder, based on lowest cost,
A community empowerment approach
• Confident
You involve local people in discussions about the roof.
• Inclusive
Involve the group working with.
• Organized
You encourage people to work as a team and work to each other’s
strengths.
• Cooperative
– You encourage the group to look at projects elsewhere. How have other
groups worked with contractors, what did they learn, who did they use
and what happened?
• Influential
– You encourage the group to make decisions and they do this within
known parameters
10. Importance of Community Empowerment
• Objective of community Empowerment is,
to strengthen the community’s capacity to identify problems and
come up with the solutions,
carry out action plans,
as well as monitor the progress and make an appropriate evaluation
11. Advantages of Community Empowerment
• Encourages active involvement through the participation of all members of the
community.
• Community empowerment builds on local strengths, creativity and resource,
and actively seeks to decrease dependency on, as a result sustainability is
ensured.
• Equity in decision making processes, resources mobilization.
• Enhanced motivation of the community.
• Builds the capacity of the community by encouraging the acquisition of relevant
skills
12. Challenges in community empowerment:
• Less room allowed for community participation.
• communities are often primarily motivated by their
strong sense of urgency about achieving their preset
objectives and timeline.
• Incomplete participation or representation in
decision making
• Resistance to change
13. Rural Development Projects for community
empowerment in Sri Lanka
• Gemi Diriya
• EMPOWERING WOMEN- Sahana Sri lanka
• Fisheries Community Empowerment – 130mn – 21 Activities conducted
(2016 Budget)
• Rural Agricultural Development
• Village Uplifting Program - 2015 (Gama Neguma)
• Road Development
Maga Neguma
• Drug Prevention
• Milk Production and Delivery
• Rural Development and Poverty Reduction
• Child Malnutrition Prevention
“Empowered rural community sustainably contributing to rural
economy of the Eastern Province.”
14. World Bank Country Director Naoko Iishi inspects
a water supply project(Gemidiriya project) in
Perahettiya in Badulla.
Maga Neguma project Kegalle -Tholangamuwa
Pananwatta
Ussana Irrigation scheme -Mathale
15. Conclusion
• Community empowerment practitioners firstly need to
ensure that community members take ownership of the
initiative.
• Secondly, creating strong links to outside resources and
development partners as communities are not closed and
self- sustaining systems.
• Thirdly, for a successful community participation requires
a strong skilled local leadership
• Fourthly, optimal community leadership and optimal
representation.
16. Reference
• http://dl.nsf.ac.lk
– cited on 22.09.2007
• http://www.epi.org/downloads/docs
– cited on 22.09.2007
• www.ceford.org.ug/index.php
⁻ cited on 25.09.2007
• http://www.empower.coop
⁻ cited on 25.09.2007