Collective bargaining is a technique where disputes over employment conditions are resolved through negotiation rather than coercion. The Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 aims to achieve social justice through collective bargaining. Outsiders who lead unions often have little knowledge of the industry or workers' issues, making employers reluctant to negotiate with them. While a ban on outsiders could weaken unions, their influence can undermine collective bargaining when unions are politically affiliated rather than prioritizing workers' interests. Reform is needed to reduce political influence and strengthen internal union leadership focused on workers.

10. OUTSIDERS EMPLOYERS LESS KNOWLEDGE OF DISPUTES/INDUSTRY UNION LEADERS HESITATE TO DISCUSS

11. EMPLOYERS REFUSE RECOGNITION TRADE UNIONS POLITICIANS CONTROLLED / AFFILIATED TO POLITICAL PARTY / INDIVIDUAL CONTROLLED GOVT CAN’T FORCE EMPLOYERS OUTRIGHT BAN OUTSIDERS PROVISION FOR POLITICAL FUNDS BY TRADE UNIONS SHOULD BE ELIMINATED

15. Centre Of Gravity Political patronage Not Employees / Workmen Leadership Worker’s votes Benefits Though Co’s @ loss