The Cold War began in 1945 after World War 2 and lasted until 1991. Tensions arose between the US and Soviet Union due to their differing visions for the post-war world. As the Soviets expanded their influence over Eastern Europe, the US implemented policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan to promote democracy and contain the spread of communism. This led to an arms race and division of the world into capitalist and communist spheres of influence, marking the start of the Cold War era.
After World War II, the United States and Soviet Union emerged as global superpowers with opposing economic and political ideologies, leading to increased tensions known as the Cold War. As the Cold War escalated, the US fought communist forces in the Korean War and a period of intense anti-communist sentiment grew domestically. Additionally, the development of nuclear weapons heightened fears and the arms race between the US and Soviet Union, posing new challenges for President Eisenhower in confronting communism abroad through brinkmanship and covert operations during the Cold War era.
The document summarizes events at the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War. It discusses how tensions between the US and Soviet Union led to the Iron Curtain dividing Europe. It also describes the US policy of containment to resist Soviet expansion, the Truman Doctrine to provide aid to Greece and Turkey, and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe's economies. Finally, it summarizes the crisis in Berlin where the Soviets blocked land access to the city, requiring the Berlin Airlift to supply it by air until the blockade ended in 1949.
The document provides biographical information and accomplishments of U.S. presidents Harry Truman through Richard Nixon. It notes that Truman took over after FDR's death and dealt with the transition to peacetime economy after WWII. His accomplishments included the Marshall Plan and recognizing Israel. John F. Kennedy served as president from 1961-1963 until his assassination, focusing on space exploration and civil rights. Lyndon Johnson passed major civil rights legislation and launched the Great Society program. Richard Nixon ended U.S. involvement in Vietnam and established the EPA while also resigning due to the Watergate scandal.
Richard Nixon expanded presidential power during his presidency, reaching the peak of the "imperial presidency". However, the Watergate scandal uncovered Nixon's involvement in a cover-up, leading to his resignation. Gerald Ford succeeded Nixon but struggled with a weak economy including stagflation and rising gas prices due to OPEC embargoes. Jimmy Carter was elected in 1976 but also faced economic woes. He brokered the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel but struggled to gain the release of American hostages in Iran, hurting his re-election bid.
Harry Truman served as President from 1945 to 1953. He took office after FDR's death and faced many challenges both domestic and foreign. Domestically, he worked to transition the economy from wartime to peacetime and passed policies like the GI Bill and civil rights initiatives. Internationally, his administration dropped atomic bombs on Japan, established the UN and NATO, pursued containment of communism through the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, and engaged in the Korean War.
The document provides background information on several key events leading up to and during World War II. It discusses the rise of dictators like Hitler, Mussolini, and Stalin in the 1930s. It also outlines America's initial isolationist policies after WWI and its gradual movement towards supporting the Allies through measures like Lend-Lease and sanctions against Japan. The document summarizes major military campaigns in both the European and Pacific theaters, including D-Day, the Battle of the Bulge, and the island hopping strategy against Japan. It also addresses the Holocaust and internment of Japanese Americans during the war.
The Cold War emerged from tensions between the Soviet Union and Western allies over the shape of the post-World War 2 order. Disagreements at conferences in Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam failed to establish consensus. The Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan sought to contain Soviet influence in Europe while mobilizing support for Western-aligned governments. The division of Germany and Berlin blockade heightened East-West tensions. The emergence of nuclear weapons and communist victories in China exacerbated fears, fueling anti-communist investigations in the US. The stalemated Korean War saw limited mobilization and control of industry under Truman. McCarthyism intensified the crusade against communist subversion through 1950s.
The document summarizes major events in late 20th century US history from the presidency of George H.W. Bush through the beginning of the 21st century presidency of George W. Bush. It discusses the end of the Cold War, Gulf War, Clinton presidency and scandals, 2000 election dispute, 9/11 terrorist attacks, War on Terror and wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and challenges facing the US moving forward.
After World War II, the United States and Soviet Union emerged as global superpowers with opposing economic and political ideologies, leading to increased tensions known as the Cold War. As the Cold War escalated, the US fought communist forces in the Korean War and a period of intense anti-communist sentiment grew domestically. Additionally, the development of nuclear weapons heightened fears and the arms race between the US and Soviet Union, posing new challenges for President Eisenhower in confronting communism abroad through brinkmanship and covert operations during the Cold War era.
The document summarizes events at the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War. It discusses how tensions between the US and Soviet Union led to the Iron Curtain dividing Europe. It also describes the US policy of containment to resist Soviet expansion, the Truman Doctrine to provide aid to Greece and Turkey, and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe's economies. Finally, it summarizes the crisis in Berlin where the Soviets blocked land access to the city, requiring the Berlin Airlift to supply it by air until the blockade ended in 1949.
The document provides biographical information and accomplishments of U.S. presidents Harry Truman through Richard Nixon. It notes that Truman took over after FDR's death and dealt with the transition to peacetime economy after WWII. His accomplishments included the Marshall Plan and recognizing Israel. John F. Kennedy served as president from 1961-1963 until his assassination, focusing on space exploration and civil rights. Lyndon Johnson passed major civil rights legislation and launched the Great Society program. Richard Nixon ended U.S. involvement in Vietnam and established the EPA while also resigning due to the Watergate scandal.
Richard Nixon expanded presidential power during his presidency, reaching the peak of the "imperial presidency". However, the Watergate scandal uncovered Nixon's involvement in a cover-up, leading to his resignation. Gerald Ford succeeded Nixon but struggled with a weak economy including stagflation and rising gas prices due to OPEC embargoes. Jimmy Carter was elected in 1976 but also faced economic woes. He brokered the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel but struggled to gain the release of American hostages in Iran, hurting his re-election bid.
Harry Truman served as President from 1945 to 1953. He took office after FDR's death and faced many challenges both domestic and foreign. Domestically, he worked to transition the economy from wartime to peacetime and passed policies like the GI Bill and civil rights initiatives. Internationally, his administration dropped atomic bombs on Japan, established the UN and NATO, pursued containment of communism through the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, and engaged in the Korean War.
The document provides background information on several key events leading up to and during World War II. It discusses the rise of dictators like Hitler, Mussolini, and Stalin in the 1930s. It also outlines America's initial isolationist policies after WWI and its gradual movement towards supporting the Allies through measures like Lend-Lease and sanctions against Japan. The document summarizes major military campaigns in both the European and Pacific theaters, including D-Day, the Battle of the Bulge, and the island hopping strategy against Japan. It also addresses the Holocaust and internment of Japanese Americans during the war.
The Cold War emerged from tensions between the Soviet Union and Western allies over the shape of the post-World War 2 order. Disagreements at conferences in Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam failed to establish consensus. The Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan sought to contain Soviet influence in Europe while mobilizing support for Western-aligned governments. The division of Germany and Berlin blockade heightened East-West tensions. The emergence of nuclear weapons and communist victories in China exacerbated fears, fueling anti-communist investigations in the US. The stalemated Korean War saw limited mobilization and control of industry under Truman. McCarthyism intensified the crusade against communist subversion through 1950s.
The document summarizes major events in late 20th century US history from the presidency of George H.W. Bush through the beginning of the 21st century presidency of George W. Bush. It discusses the end of the Cold War, Gulf War, Clinton presidency and scandals, 2000 election dispute, 9/11 terrorist attacks, War on Terror and wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and challenges facing the US moving forward.
The document summarizes Kennedy's foreign policy challenges during the Cold War, the space race between the US and Soviet Union, and the escalation of US involvement in Vietnam. It discusses how Kennedy confronted communist threats around the world, including the failed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba and the Cuban Missile Crisis. It also describes how the US and Soviet Union competed to be the first to send a person to the moon. Finally, it outlines the growing American military presence in Vietnam under Kennedy and Johnson and the challenges US soldiers faced in fighting the Vietnam War.
Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States. He took office in 1945 after Franklin Roosevelt died. As president, Truman faced major decisions including dropping the atomic bombs on Japan to end WWII, starting NATO and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, and fighting communism through policies like the Truman Doctrine. He won an unlikely reelection victory in 1948. During his second term, Truman sent troops to Korea and fired General MacArthur, faced accusations of communism from Senator McCarthy, and oversaw the rebuilding of the White House. After leaving office in 1953, Truman worked to establish his presidential library and later died in 1972.
Richard Nixon's presidency faced challenges including domestic issues and the Watergate scandal. His foreign policy improved relations with China and the Soviet Union but the Watergate break-in led to Nixon's resignation in 1974. Gerald Ford succeeded Nixon as president. Jimmy Carter was elected in 1976 and pursued diplomacy and human rights abroad but struggled with domestic issues. Ronald Reagan implemented conservative policies and took a tough stance against communism during the Cold War.
This document provides biographical information and accomplishments of US Presidents Harry Truman through Gerald Ford. It details Truman taking over after FDR's death and decisions around WWII and establishing international organizations. Eisenhower's presidency focused on containment of communism. Kennedy established the Peace Corps and increased Vietnam involvement. Johnson passed Great Society programs and escalated Vietnam War. Nixon ended Vietnam War but resigned due to Watergate scandal. Ford pardoned Nixon and continued détente policies.
The document discusses the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, two key US policies following WWII. The Truman Doctrine aimed to contain the spread of communism globally by providing economic and military aid to countries resisting Soviet influence. Many US citizens opposed interfering abroad. The Marshall Plan was a $12.5 billion program to rebuild Western Europe devastated by war through food, machinery and jobs aid. It aimed to address the poverty and instability fueling communism's spread. Countries received aid if not communist and rebuilt cities, economies and stability in Western Europe.
The document provides an overview of the Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, and Bush presidencies from 1968-1993. It discusses their domestic policies, foreign policies, and key events and issues they faced, such as Watergate, the Vietnam War, the Cold War, and economic challenges. The document is an educational review of major topics and developments during this period in American history.
The document summarizes economic and political events in the United States during the 1970s. It describes how the post-WWII economic boom ended, leading to slow growth and high inflation. Other factors like the Vietnam War and OPEC oil embargoes exacerbated economic stagnation. Domestically, Nixon pursued détente with China and the USSR while facing crises like Watergate. The 1970s also saw social changes like the women's rights movement and debates over issues like busing and affirmative action. Jimmy Carter brokered the Camp David Accords but struggled with a weak economy and the Iranian hostage crisis.
The document discusses the division of Korea after WWII and the origins and key events of the Korean War. It describes how Korea was divided along the 38th parallel with the North controlled by the Soviet Union and the South by the United States. Tensions rose between the two halves, and in 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea, leading the US to intervene on South Korea's behalf. China later entered the war against the UN forces. After heavy casualties on both sides, an armistice was signed in 1953, though no peace treaty was agreed.
The document provides an overview of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It describes how the two former allies became rivals after World War II due to their opposing ideological systems of democracy and communism. This rivalry led to a war of words, threats, and proxy conflicts in other parts of the world as each side tried to prevent the other from gaining more influence, known as the Cold War.
Truman pursued an aggressive foreign policy in response to the rise of communism in the postwar world. Some key aspects included establishing the UN for international cooperation, occupying Japan to rebuild it as a democracy, and implementing the containment policy to rollback Soviet expansion in Europe and Asia through policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan. This involved providing economic and military aid to countries threatened by communism like Greece, Turkey, and West Berlin during the Berlin Airlift crisis. However, communism still spread to China which became a loss for Truman's containment efforts.
Roosevelt worked to improve foreign relations and adopt an isolationist stance in the 1930s as countries like Germany and Japan rose in power and aggression. As World War II began in Europe in 1939, Roosevelt provided some aid to Britain and France while maintaining official neutrality, though he recognized the threat posed by the Axis powers. By 1940, with Germany occupying much of Europe and threatening Britain, Roosevelt began abandoning the neutrality stance and provided more direct aid, seeing America's involvement as necessary to defend democracy.
The Cold War began after WWII as tensions grew between the US and Soviet Union due to their differing goals of security and democracy. This led to an era of confrontation as the two nations competed for influence in Europe and other parts of the world. The tensions were exacerbated by events like the Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe, the Berlin Blockade, the creation of NATO, and China becoming communist. The Korean War further heightened fears of communism's spread. During this early Cold War period, the Red Scare led to widespread paranoia in the US regarding communist infiltration.
The document provides a workbook lesson summarizing 20 important quotes or mottos from US history, including their sources, contexts, and significance. Key quotes discussed include Lincoln's "house divided" speech, Jefferson's "all men are created equal" from the Declaration of Independence, and King's "I have a dream" speech. The workbook lesson analyzes the historical context and impact of these influential quotes.
The Cold War began due to tensions between the US and Soviet Union on post-WWII order. They disagreed on Poland's governance and the Soviet Union sought to control neighboring nations. This led to failures at conferences like Yalta and Potsdam. The US then pursued a containment policy to stop communism's spread. The Korean War broke out when North Korea invaded South Korea, leading to limited mobilization in the US and fears of communism growing. During the 1950s, McCarthyism and fears of communist infiltration caused a "Red Scare" in the US.
The document provides an overview of how World War II impacted life on the American home front. It discusses how the war effort increased opportunities for women and minorities in the workforce. It also examines the internment of Japanese Americans and restrictions on civil liberties. The document analyzes how all Americans were urged to support the war through activities like rationing, buying war bonds, and victory gardens. It describes the Allied victory in Europe and the Pacific, including the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan.
This document provides an overview of John F. Kennedy's presidency from 1960-1963, known as the "Camelot Era". It discusses Kennedy challenging Nixon for the presidency in 1960 and his narrow victory. His agenda as president included establishing the Peace Corps, pursuing the space program, advocating for flexible response in foreign policy, getting involved in Vietnam, and pushing for civil rights legislation. However, his presidency was cut short when he was assassinated in 1963, leaving questions about possible conspiracies unanswered.
This document provides background information on the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe and Asia in the 1930s, including the regimes led by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Adolf Hitler in Germany. It then discusses the early years of World War II, including Germany's rapid military conquests across Europe in 1939-1941. It also covers the debate in the United States over intervention in the war prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, which prompted America's entry into the war. Finally, it summarizes the initial challenges faced by the Allies in 1942 as Japan expanded its territory rapidly in the Pacific.
The Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley in 1964 marked the beginning of large-scale student protests across US campuses in the 1960s. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned racial discrimination but the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was still needed to enforce black voting rights. Despite gains, riots in Watts showed continuing tensions. US involvement in Vietnam escalated throughout Johnson's presidency despite growing domestic opposition, undermining his Great Society programs.
The document provides background information on key events leading up to and during World War 2 in the Pacific theater, including:
1) Japan's invasion of China in 1937 and subsequent trade embargoes by the US, as well as the sinking of the USS Panay.
2) Plans for the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 by Japanese admiral Yamamoto and the devastating surprise attack that destroyed much of the US Pacific fleet.
3) The fall of the Philippines and brutal Bataan Death March that followed the Japanese conquest.
4) Major naval battles like Coral Sea, Midway, and Leyte Gulf that turned the tide in favor of the Allies.
5) Gruel
After World War I, the United States adopted a policy of isolationism. However, the rise of dictators like Hitler in Germany, Mussolini in Italy, and the Japanese military's control of Japan led to World War II. The League of Nations failed to prevent German and Italian aggression. Appeasement of Hitler by giving into his demands for Czechoslovakian territory also failed. When Germany invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France declared war, beginning World War II in Europe.
The document discusses the counterculture movement and protests of the 1960s. It focuses on the rise of the New Left among students, as well as the growth of feminism, environmentalism, and civil rights movements among other groups seeking recognition and justice. It also covers the Vietnam War escalation under Nixon and eventual defeat in Indochina. Domestically, Nixon dismantled Great Society programs and faced economic troubles of inflation and stagflation in the early 1970s.
This document provides information about various presidents and their policies/mottos, including Theodore Roosevelt's "Square Deal", William Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy", Dwight Eisenhower's "Modern Republicanism", Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom", Franklin Roosevelt's "New Deal", James Polk's "Manifest Destiny", Herbert Hoover's "Rugged Individualism", Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society", Harry Truman's "Fair Deal", John Kennedy's "New Frontier". It also provides quotes and their historical context.
The document summarizes Kennedy's foreign policy challenges during the Cold War, the space race between the US and Soviet Union, and the escalation of US involvement in Vietnam. It discusses how Kennedy confronted communist threats around the world, including the failed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba and the Cuban Missile Crisis. It also describes how the US and Soviet Union competed to be the first to send a person to the moon. Finally, it outlines the growing American military presence in Vietnam under Kennedy and Johnson and the challenges US soldiers faced in fighting the Vietnam War.
Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States. He took office in 1945 after Franklin Roosevelt died. As president, Truman faced major decisions including dropping the atomic bombs on Japan to end WWII, starting NATO and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, and fighting communism through policies like the Truman Doctrine. He won an unlikely reelection victory in 1948. During his second term, Truman sent troops to Korea and fired General MacArthur, faced accusations of communism from Senator McCarthy, and oversaw the rebuilding of the White House. After leaving office in 1953, Truman worked to establish his presidential library and later died in 1972.
Richard Nixon's presidency faced challenges including domestic issues and the Watergate scandal. His foreign policy improved relations with China and the Soviet Union but the Watergate break-in led to Nixon's resignation in 1974. Gerald Ford succeeded Nixon as president. Jimmy Carter was elected in 1976 and pursued diplomacy and human rights abroad but struggled with domestic issues. Ronald Reagan implemented conservative policies and took a tough stance against communism during the Cold War.
This document provides biographical information and accomplishments of US Presidents Harry Truman through Gerald Ford. It details Truman taking over after FDR's death and decisions around WWII and establishing international organizations. Eisenhower's presidency focused on containment of communism. Kennedy established the Peace Corps and increased Vietnam involvement. Johnson passed Great Society programs and escalated Vietnam War. Nixon ended Vietnam War but resigned due to Watergate scandal. Ford pardoned Nixon and continued détente policies.
The document discusses the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, two key US policies following WWII. The Truman Doctrine aimed to contain the spread of communism globally by providing economic and military aid to countries resisting Soviet influence. Many US citizens opposed interfering abroad. The Marshall Plan was a $12.5 billion program to rebuild Western Europe devastated by war through food, machinery and jobs aid. It aimed to address the poverty and instability fueling communism's spread. Countries received aid if not communist and rebuilt cities, economies and stability in Western Europe.
The document provides an overview of the Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, and Bush presidencies from 1968-1993. It discusses their domestic policies, foreign policies, and key events and issues they faced, such as Watergate, the Vietnam War, the Cold War, and economic challenges. The document is an educational review of major topics and developments during this period in American history.
The document summarizes economic and political events in the United States during the 1970s. It describes how the post-WWII economic boom ended, leading to slow growth and high inflation. Other factors like the Vietnam War and OPEC oil embargoes exacerbated economic stagnation. Domestically, Nixon pursued détente with China and the USSR while facing crises like Watergate. The 1970s also saw social changes like the women's rights movement and debates over issues like busing and affirmative action. Jimmy Carter brokered the Camp David Accords but struggled with a weak economy and the Iranian hostage crisis.
The document discusses the division of Korea after WWII and the origins and key events of the Korean War. It describes how Korea was divided along the 38th parallel with the North controlled by the Soviet Union and the South by the United States. Tensions rose between the two halves, and in 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea, leading the US to intervene on South Korea's behalf. China later entered the war against the UN forces. After heavy casualties on both sides, an armistice was signed in 1953, though no peace treaty was agreed.
The document provides an overview of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It describes how the two former allies became rivals after World War II due to their opposing ideological systems of democracy and communism. This rivalry led to a war of words, threats, and proxy conflicts in other parts of the world as each side tried to prevent the other from gaining more influence, known as the Cold War.
Truman pursued an aggressive foreign policy in response to the rise of communism in the postwar world. Some key aspects included establishing the UN for international cooperation, occupying Japan to rebuild it as a democracy, and implementing the containment policy to rollback Soviet expansion in Europe and Asia through policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan. This involved providing economic and military aid to countries threatened by communism like Greece, Turkey, and West Berlin during the Berlin Airlift crisis. However, communism still spread to China which became a loss for Truman's containment efforts.
Roosevelt worked to improve foreign relations and adopt an isolationist stance in the 1930s as countries like Germany and Japan rose in power and aggression. As World War II began in Europe in 1939, Roosevelt provided some aid to Britain and France while maintaining official neutrality, though he recognized the threat posed by the Axis powers. By 1940, with Germany occupying much of Europe and threatening Britain, Roosevelt began abandoning the neutrality stance and provided more direct aid, seeing America's involvement as necessary to defend democracy.
The Cold War began after WWII as tensions grew between the US and Soviet Union due to their differing goals of security and democracy. This led to an era of confrontation as the two nations competed for influence in Europe and other parts of the world. The tensions were exacerbated by events like the Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe, the Berlin Blockade, the creation of NATO, and China becoming communist. The Korean War further heightened fears of communism's spread. During this early Cold War period, the Red Scare led to widespread paranoia in the US regarding communist infiltration.
The document provides a workbook lesson summarizing 20 important quotes or mottos from US history, including their sources, contexts, and significance. Key quotes discussed include Lincoln's "house divided" speech, Jefferson's "all men are created equal" from the Declaration of Independence, and King's "I have a dream" speech. The workbook lesson analyzes the historical context and impact of these influential quotes.
The Cold War began due to tensions between the US and Soviet Union on post-WWII order. They disagreed on Poland's governance and the Soviet Union sought to control neighboring nations. This led to failures at conferences like Yalta and Potsdam. The US then pursued a containment policy to stop communism's spread. The Korean War broke out when North Korea invaded South Korea, leading to limited mobilization in the US and fears of communism growing. During the 1950s, McCarthyism and fears of communist infiltration caused a "Red Scare" in the US.
The document provides an overview of how World War II impacted life on the American home front. It discusses how the war effort increased opportunities for women and minorities in the workforce. It also examines the internment of Japanese Americans and restrictions on civil liberties. The document analyzes how all Americans were urged to support the war through activities like rationing, buying war bonds, and victory gardens. It describes the Allied victory in Europe and the Pacific, including the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan.
This document provides an overview of John F. Kennedy's presidency from 1960-1963, known as the "Camelot Era". It discusses Kennedy challenging Nixon for the presidency in 1960 and his narrow victory. His agenda as president included establishing the Peace Corps, pursuing the space program, advocating for flexible response in foreign policy, getting involved in Vietnam, and pushing for civil rights legislation. However, his presidency was cut short when he was assassinated in 1963, leaving questions about possible conspiracies unanswered.
This document provides background information on the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe and Asia in the 1930s, including the regimes led by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Adolf Hitler in Germany. It then discusses the early years of World War II, including Germany's rapid military conquests across Europe in 1939-1941. It also covers the debate in the United States over intervention in the war prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, which prompted America's entry into the war. Finally, it summarizes the initial challenges faced by the Allies in 1942 as Japan expanded its territory rapidly in the Pacific.
The Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley in 1964 marked the beginning of large-scale student protests across US campuses in the 1960s. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned racial discrimination but the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was still needed to enforce black voting rights. Despite gains, riots in Watts showed continuing tensions. US involvement in Vietnam escalated throughout Johnson's presidency despite growing domestic opposition, undermining his Great Society programs.
The document provides background information on key events leading up to and during World War 2 in the Pacific theater, including:
1) Japan's invasion of China in 1937 and subsequent trade embargoes by the US, as well as the sinking of the USS Panay.
2) Plans for the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 by Japanese admiral Yamamoto and the devastating surprise attack that destroyed much of the US Pacific fleet.
3) The fall of the Philippines and brutal Bataan Death March that followed the Japanese conquest.
4) Major naval battles like Coral Sea, Midway, and Leyte Gulf that turned the tide in favor of the Allies.
5) Gruel
After World War I, the United States adopted a policy of isolationism. However, the rise of dictators like Hitler in Germany, Mussolini in Italy, and the Japanese military's control of Japan led to World War II. The League of Nations failed to prevent German and Italian aggression. Appeasement of Hitler by giving into his demands for Czechoslovakian territory also failed. When Germany invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France declared war, beginning World War II in Europe.
The document discusses the counterculture movement and protests of the 1960s. It focuses on the rise of the New Left among students, as well as the growth of feminism, environmentalism, and civil rights movements among other groups seeking recognition and justice. It also covers the Vietnam War escalation under Nixon and eventual defeat in Indochina. Domestically, Nixon dismantled Great Society programs and faced economic troubles of inflation and stagflation in the early 1970s.
This document provides information about various presidents and their policies/mottos, including Theodore Roosevelt's "Square Deal", William Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy", Dwight Eisenhower's "Modern Republicanism", Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom", Franklin Roosevelt's "New Deal", James Polk's "Manifest Destiny", Herbert Hoover's "Rugged Individualism", Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society", Harry Truman's "Fair Deal", John Kennedy's "New Frontier". It also provides quotes and their historical context.
This document summarizes key events and movements in the 1960s that challenged traditional authority in the US, including:
1) The rise of the New Left and counterculture youth movements protesting the Vietnam War and demanding civil rights and free speech.
2) Minority groups like Native Americans, Latinos, and gays mobilizing for equal rights and self-determination through organizations like the American Indian Movement and United Farm Workers.
3) The emergence of second-wave feminism in response to works like The Feminine Mystique, and its fight for women's political and reproductive rights.
This document provides an overview of major events and policies related to civil rights and liberalism during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations from 1960-1968. It discusses the 1960 presidential election, Kennedy's domestic agenda, his assassination in 1963. It then covers LBJ's legislative accomplishments as president, the 1964 election, and Great Society programs to fight poverty. The document also outlines the expanding civil rights movement, key civil rights legislation, and the rise of more radical groups like the Black Panthers. It concludes with discussions of foreign policy shifts and the assassinations of MLK and RFK in 1968.
Workbook 35 apush power of the printed word 2thompsonvaliant
This document provides summaries of important works from the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. In the 18th century, works discussed Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations and how it established principles of capitalism and laissez-faire economics. Thomas Paine's Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence advocated for American independence. In the 19th century, works brought attention to social issues like slavery with Uncle Tom's Cabin and civil disobedience. Looking Backward envisioned a utopian future. The 20th century saw works exposing corruption with The Jungle and poverty with The Other America, as well as environmental concerns in Silent Spring and investigations into political scandals.
Chapter 28 presentation the affluent society 1thompsonvaliant
The document provides an overview of economic, social, and technological developments in the United States between 1945-1960. It discusses topics such as post-war economic growth, suburbanization, the rise of consumerism, advances in medicine and technology, the civil rights movement, and cultural changes during this period of prosperity and social transformation.
After WWII, tensions grew between the US and Soviet Union over issues like the occupation of Germany and East Europe. The Soviets set up communist governments behind an "Iron Curtain" in Eastern Europe. The US responded by pursuing a policy of containment against the spread of communism through initiatives like the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and formation of NATO.
The document provides an overview of Chapter 28 of a textbook on the Cold War era from 1945-1991. It includes summaries of the key events and developments covered in each of the 5 sections of the chapter, including: the origins of the Cold War; the Korean War period; regional conflicts involving areas like Cuba, Africa, Asia, and Latin America; the Vietnam War; and the end of the Cold War. The summaries describe the emergence of tensions between the US and Soviet Union after WWII, the formation of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and several crises like the Berlin blockade, Korean War, and Cuban missile crisis that characterized the escalating geopolitical rivalry known as the Cold War.
The Cold War defined international affairs after World War 2, especially following the Korean War. The document outlines 6 lessons on the Cold War: 1) The Origins of the Cold War as the US and USSR emerged as superpowers with opposing political/economic systems; 2) The Cold War Heats Up as China became communist and Korea was divided; 3) The Cold War at Home and McCarthyism led to accusations against innocent US citizens; 4) Two Nations Live on the Edge as the nuclear arms race and brinksmanship brought the two countries to the edge of war; 5) Mounting Tensions in the Sixties led to further conflicts; and 6) The End of the Cold War in the late 1980s.
World Histor - Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plankrobinette
The document discusses the increasing tensions between the US and USSR during the Cold War. It outlines several key events and policies that contributed to the escalation of conflict between the two superpowers, including the Truman Doctrine that aimed to contain Soviet influence through economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey, the Marshall Plan that similarly provided aid to rebuild Western Europe, and the Berlin Airlift that responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin. The USSR in turn established opposing policies and alliances to counter US involvement and bolster its own sphere of influence.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1990. It arose due to their opposing political and economic ideologies of democracy/capitalism and communism/socialism. Tensions increased due to distrust between the two superpowers, their differing post-WWII goals, and Stalin breaking promises at Yalta regarding free elections in Eastern Europe. This led to an arms race and proxy wars as the US and USSR battled for global influence through policies like containment and the Truman Doctrine. Major events of the Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, McCarthyism, the Space Race, and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1990. It was defined by an ideological struggle between capitalism and democracy on one side, and communism and authoritarian rule on the other. Tensions arose due to mutual distrust between the two superpowers, their different political systems, and the desire to spread their influence across Europe and globally in the aftermath of World War 2. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s as reforms in the Soviet Union under Gorbachev weakened the communist bloc and ultimately led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
This document provides an overview of the origins of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union following World War II. It discusses the wartime alliance between the US, Britain, and Soviet Union which was pragmatic but lacked trust. At conferences like Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam, the Allied leaders were unable to resolve disagreements over the post-war structure of Europe. As the Soviets exerted control over Eastern Europe, tensions rose further and the Cold War began, marked by the Iron Curtain speech in 1946 and the formation of opposing military alliances like NATO.
The Cold War was a decades-long ideological and geopolitical struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union that began following World War II. Key events that deepened tensions included Stalin reneging on allowing free elections in Eastern Europe, the Berlin Blockade, McCarthyism in the US, and the space race highlighted by the launch of Sputnik. Major crises like the Cuban Missile Crisis brought the two superpowers to the brink of nuclear war. Throughout the Cold War both sides sought to spread their influence and contain the other through military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact as well as policies like containment and détente.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1990. It arose due to ideological and geopolitical differences between capitalist democracy and communist totalitarianism. Key events that deepened tensions included Stalin breaking promises at Yalta, the Truman Doctrine providing aid to stop the spread of communism, the Marshall Plan rebuilding Western Europe, and the formation of opposing military alliances NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Throughout the 1950s both sides engaged in nuclear weapons development and espionage while also pursuing policies of containment and deterrence.
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991. Though they never engaged in direct military conflict, tensions were high as the two nations represented opposing ideologies - capitalism vs communism. The relationship deteriorated after WWII as the USSR established control over Eastern Europe and tensions increased over issues like the division of Germany and Berlin blockade. This led to the formation of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact, cementing the East-West divide in Europe that characterized the Cold War.
The document provides an overview of key events and concepts related to the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1990. It discusses the origins of the Cold War in the aftermath of World War II and the ideological clash between capitalism/democracy and communism. Major events covered include the Berlin Blockade, McCarthyism, the arms race including development of nuclear weapons, and conflicts such as the Korean War and Vietnam War. Key Cold War concepts explained include containment policy, domino theory, détente, and arms limitation treaties.
The Cold War began between the US and USSR after WWII due to tensions from their differing economic systems of capitalism and communism, as well as democratic vs authoritarian governments. This led to an arms race with nuclear weapons and the formation of opposing alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact. The two sides adopted policies of deterrence to prevent direct conflict and containment to stop the spread of communism without war. This maintained an unstable balance of power for over 40 years known as the Cold War.
The Cold War began between the USA and USSR after WWII. They had different economic systems (capitalism vs communism) and forms of government (democracy vs dictatorship) which caused tensions. At the Yalta Conference, Stalin resisted removing troops from Eastern Europe and installed communist puppet governments, drawing an "Iron Curtain." Both sides built nuclear weapons and used deterrence and containment policies to prevent direct conflict, instead fighting through proxies in conflicts like Korea and Vietnam. They formed opposing alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
The document summarizes key events and individuals related to the Cold War in the late 1940s and 1950s:
- The Truman Doctrine of 1947 promised US support to countries resisting communism and led to the policy of containment of communism. This aided Greece in defeating communist guerrillas.
- The Marshall Plan (1947-1948) provided US aid to Western Europe to rebuild after WWII and prevent the spread of communism.
- Events like the Berlin Blockade (1948-1949) and formation of NATO (1949) increased tensions between the US and USSR in Europe.
- The Korean War (1950-1953) further escalated Cold War hostilities as US and UN forces fought against North Korea and
The Origins of the Cold War Stanford lesson 11.1 powerpointmrsbreedsclass
The document summarizes the key events that contributed to increased tensions and competition between the US and USSR following World War II, marking the start of the Cold War. As the Soviet Red Army remained in Eastern Europe after WWII, the Soviet Bloc formed. In response, the US implemented policies of containment like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan. Meanwhile, the Yalta Conference saw the US, UK, and USSR discuss postwar Europe but tensions were rising. These tensions further increased due to events like the Berlin Blockade and formation of NATO military alliance against the USSR and Warsaw Pact.
The document discusses various economic, political, and foreign policy issues during the Truman and Eisenhower administrations, including debates over raising the minimum wage, Truman's domestic policies, Eisenhower's approach to foreign policy and the Cold War, and key events in the 1950s such as the Suez Crisis and rise of Khrushchev in the Soviet Union.
1. The Cold War began after WWII as tensions grew between the US and USSR, who had different economic and political ideologies of capitalism vs communism.
2. At the Yalta Conference in 1945, the Allied powers agreed to divide Germany into occupation zones and allow free elections in Eastern Europe, but had no agreement on Poland, foreshadowing future tensions.
3. In response to communist influence spreading across Eastern Europe and the Soviet blockade of West Berlin, the US established programs like the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe economically and the Truman Doctrine to contain communism militarily, as well as the NATO alliance for collective defense.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948. It recognizes the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family. It establishes that all people are free and equal, regardless of attributes like race, color, sex, language, religion, political opinion, or other status. Everyone is entitled to the rights and freedoms in the Declaration without discrimination.
Truman faced many challenges in demobilizing the military after WWII and controlling inflation. His administration adopted an aggressive foreign policy towards the Soviet Union, leading to increased tensions and an arms race. The Cold War began as the US and USSR disagreed over influence in Eastern Europe and developed competing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact. The conflict escalated further in conflicts like the Korean War and an intensified Red Scare under McCarthyism.
The origins of the Cold War can be traced back to tensions that emerged between the Western allies (US, UK) and the Soviet Union at the Yalta Conference in 1945. At this conference, Stalin promised free elections in Soviet-controlled territories after WWII but did not keep this promise, straining relations. The ideological differences between communist USSR and democratic Western nations also led to conflict over the postwar order in Europe and the control of Eastern European countries. These tensions escalated over the following decades through events like the Berlin Blockade, formation of opposing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the building of the Berlin Wall, cementing Europe's division between East and West.
Woodrow Wilson and Henry Cabot Lodge disagreed over the United States joining the League of Nations after World War I, with Wilson supporting it and Lodge opposing it, which ultimately led to the US not joining the League. Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson had opposing views on economic policies and the role of government, with Hamilton supporting a strong federal government and Jefferson favoring states' rights, leading to the rise of opposing political parties. Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal programs were challenged by the Supreme Court but the conflict ended with the court granting Roosevelt more leeway in passing laws.
The document outlines several historical points of conflict between influential figures in United States history, including Woodrow Wilson vs Henry Cabot Lodge over the United States entering the League of Nations after World War 1, and Franklin Roosevelt vs the Supreme Court over New Deal programs in the 1930s. Other conflicts mentioned include Alexander Hamilton vs Thomas Jefferson over federal power and the national bank in the 1800s, and Richard Nixon vs the Supreme Court during the Watergate scandal in the 1970s.
The document is a set of 50 multiple choice questions about locations in the United States that are significant to American history. The questions cover a wide range of topics including the Constitutional Convention, territorial acquisitions, statehood, civil unrest, and more. Likely locations mentioned include various U.S. states and cities.
Theodore Roosevelt embraced the three Cs - control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation - as part of his "Square Deal" platform. Dwight Eisenhower increased Social Security and the minimum wage as part of his "Modern Republicanism" agenda. Franklin Roosevelt introduced relief, recovery, and reform as part of his "New Deal" in response to the Great Depression.
This document is a quiz about United States history covering various states and events. It contains 30 multiple choice questions about topics like the Constitutional Convention, states admitted to the union, territorial acquisitions, civil wars, and historical events located in different states. The questions are intended to be used in a football-themed classroom game to review AP US History content.
The document is a Jeopardy-style game about important events in American history from 1763 to 1994. It includes questions about 27 different historical events related to treaties, wars, politics, economics, and more. The final question asks about the presidential candidates in the election of 1912: Democratic candidate Woodrow Wilson, Progressive candidate Theodore Roosevelt, Republican candidate William H. Taft, and Socialist candidate Eugene V. Debs.
The document summarizes political events in the United States from the 1970s through early 1990s. It discusses the presidencies of Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and the election of Bill Clinton in 1992. Key events included the Watergate scandal, energy crises, Reaganomics, the Iran hostage crisis, the fall of the Soviet Union, and the First Gulf War. The era saw the rise of conservatism and the Christian right as political forces.
From the “age of limits” to the age of reagan 1thompsonvaliant
This document provides an overview of major events in the United States from the Ford administration to the election of Bill Clinton in 1992. It discusses the presidencies of Ford, Carter, Reagan, and Bush, including key policies, elections, and international events like the Iranian revolution and first Gulf War. The rise of the New Right and Reagan's economic and foreign policies are also summarized.
The document provides context about the 1960s presidency and liberalism in the US. It summarizes:
1) John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic president who established programs like the Peace Corps and NASA. His assassination in 1963 left Lyndon B. Johnson as president.
2) LBJ continued Kennedy's agenda with his "Great Society" programs, passing landmark civil rights legislation and establishing Medicare and Medicaid. However, the US was embroiled in the unpopular Vietnam War.
3) The 1960s saw great social unrest and a battle for racial equality, with the civil rights and Black Power movements. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were influential leaders. Urban violence and riots broke out in many
This document discusses sources of economic growth and social changes in the United States during the 1950s. It identifies key factors that contributed to growth including government spending, military spending, the post-war baby boom, and suburban expansion. This growth transformed the Western US and fueled a consumer culture centered around automobiles, television, and suburban living. New technologies also emerged in areas like medicine, pesticides, electronics, computers, and space exploration. Social trends included rising prosperity, concerns over conformity, and the beginnings of the civil rights movement.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
1. The Cold
War
1945-1991
Kaelyn See, Samuel Leyva,
Melissa Orellana, Luigi Gatuslao
2.
3.
4. Beginning Tensions
Atlantic Charter: The Big Three created 8 common
principles in hope for a better future for the world.
Two Separate Visions
1. Americans favored removal of the military alliances and the
construction of relationships between nations based on
diplomatic means.
Great Britain Russia
VS.
2.
uneasy about the wanted land to
implications of the self- secure protection for
determination ideal for its future aggression
own enormous empire
5. Wartime Diplomacy
• Soviet Union demanded a 2nd
front in Western Europe; U.S.
and Britain refused
• Teheran Conference with the Big
Three
o Stalin agreed to enter the
war in the Pacific when the
battles in Europe end
o Roosevelt promised a 2nd
front
• Conflict over Poland
o Roosevelt and Churchill
Pro-Annexation of
Poland by Soviet Union,
but against changing it
to a communist
government
6. Yalta Conference
• Peace conference in February 1945
• Soviet Union enters war, Roosevelt
compensates by returning some of
their lost land
• The United Nations
o General Assembly
Every member would be
represented
o Security Council
Permanent
representatives of 5
major powers with power
to veto
Temporary delegates
from other nations
• Division of Germany and Berlin
between the United States, Britain,
France, and the Soviet Union
• "Lublin" Poles vs. "London" Poles
7. The Failure at Potsdam (July 17-August 2,
1945)
• Truman upset with Soviet violations of the Yalta accords.
• Truman expanding democracy in Poland = recognizing the Warsaw
government
• Potsdam Conference (Truman, Churchill and Stalin)
discussed border conflicts regarding communist ideals
• Stalin confirmed his adjustments of the Polish-German
border (divisions remained in Germany)
GERMANY STILL DIVIDED!
WESTERN ZONES RUSSIAN ZONES
-anti-communist -communist
-friendly with the U.S. -Pro-Soviet
8. The China Problem
Chiang Kai-Shek Mao Zedong
-Anti-communist -communist
•
-unwilling to ally with U.S.
-Weak/unpopular
VS. -Stronger/popular
• The United States continued to support Chiang’s anti-
communist government
• Since there are many conflicts within China, the U.S.
restored their trust in Japan as an ally.
• The U.S. lifted all restrictions on industrial
development and encouraged rapid economic growth
in Japan.
9. The Containment Doctrine
• New containment American policy = THE
SOVIETS!!!
Stalin spreading Truman’s doctrine of
communism increasing the arms
throughout the forces of Greece and
Mediterranean Turkey
• Doctrine Ideals taken from George F. Kennan
- Proper way of dealing with Soviets is "a long term, patient but
firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies."
• Soviet pressure on Turkey was relieved and the Greek
governments defeated their communist efforts.
10. Marshall Plan
• Gave Europe money to
prevent the spread of
Soviet Communism.
• Conflicting views
changed after coup in
Czechoslovakia.
• Communist strength
declined and
opportunities for
American trade revived.
11. Mobilization at Home
• The Atomic Energy Commission of
1946 oversaw all nuclear research.
• The National Security Act of 1947
expanded the President's powers to
pursue the nation's international goals.
• The Department of Defense oversaw
all branches of the armed services.
• A National Security Council would
oversee foreign and military policy.
• A Central Intelligence Agency would
be responsible for collecting
information through open and covert
methods.
12. The Road to NATOBIG POWER
Parts of U.S AGAINST
Germany & England SOVIETS!!!
Berlin: France
Truman supplied
Western Germany Stalin imposed blockade
with food, fuel, around Eastern Germany
etc. for 10 months (June 24, 1948)
NATO
- April 4, 1949
(North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)
Stalin lifted - 12 Nations signed
blockade - Communist
- attack on one nation = attack to all
13. Reevaluating Cold War Policy
• Americans scares of Soviet bomb testing
• The fall of the Chiang Kai-shek’s government +
America’s unwillingness to revitalize connections with
Japan = end of the American occupation in Asia by
• 1952.
• The National Security Council (1950)- U.S.
not depend on other nations to take the
initiative in resisting communism.
• The NSC-68
o strive to stop communism anywhere it occurred
o called for a major expansion of military power
o an increase of defense budget
14. Limited Mobilization
• Truman set up the Office of Defense Mobilization to
fight inflation by holding down prices and discouraging
high union wage demands. (FAILED)
Cause Effect
1951- Truman seized the railroads after Workers ultimately got what they
railroad workers walked off on the job demanded
1952- Truman seized steel mills after The Supreme Court ruled that the
wide steel strike President had exceeded his authority
• Truman was forced to relent.
• When the war went into a stalemate, it infuriated
Americans because it left 140,000 Americans dead.
15. POSTWAR
Servicemen’s
• NO general
Readjustment Act of 1944
(GI Bill of Rights):
economic collapse provided economic and
educational assistance to
because the end of veterans, increasing
the war came so spending even further.
early... YAY! But
• that wasn't the end of
increased consumer demand soon
it.
compensated.
• serious inflation for more than two years (14
to 15 percent annually)
16. The Fair Deal
After Japan surrendered, Truman submitted the “Fair Deal”
which consisted of a twenty-one-point domestic program,
calling for:
• expansion of Social Security benefits
• raising of the legal minimum wage from 40 to 65 cents an hour
• a program to ensure full employment through aggressive use of federal spending
and investment
• a permanent Fair Employment Practices Act
• public housing and slum clearance
• long-range environmental and public works planning
• government promotion of scientific research
17. Fair Deal New Deal
• created by Harry S. • created by Franklin
Truman D. Roosevelt
• designed to keep • designed to take
US growing after the US out of the
the war Great Depression.
• improved civil
rights legislation
• more New Deal
legislations than
• created federal Fair Deal
housing programs Legislation
18. The "Eat Less" Response
• Inflation rapidly increased, and
Republican conservatives DIDN'T
help.
• Robert Taft, most influential
conservationist advised consumers
to "eat less."
• Taft-Hartley Act: most importantly,
made illegal the "closed shop"
o damaged weak unions
o made difficult the organizing of
workers who had never been
union members at all (esp.
women, minorities and South)
"We have got to break with the corrupting
idea that we can legislate prosperity,
legislate equality, legislate opportunity."
19. Election of 1948
Democratic Party States' Rights Party
Republican Party Progressive Party
Harry S. Truman (Dixiecrat Party)
Thomas E. Dewey Henry A. Wallace
Popular Vote: 49.5% Strom Thurmond
Popular Vote: 45.07% Popular Vote: 2.37%
Electoral Vote: 303 Popular Vote: 2.41%
Electoral Vote: 189 Electoral Vote: 0
Electoral Vote: 39
20. A Fair Deal Revived?
Social Security system: increased benefits
by 75 percent and extended to 10
million people
National Housing Act: authorized 810,000
units of low-income housing,
accompanied by long-term rent
subsidiaries
Minimum wage: increased to 75 cents
Shelley v. Kraemer (1948): the Supreme Court
ruled that courts could not be used to enforce
private “covenants” meant to bar blacks from
residential neighborhoods.
21. The Nuclear Age
• The Americans feared the nuclear weapons
which was demonstrated in:
o Film
film noir - a kind of filmmaking that had
originated in France and had been named for
the dark lighting that was characteristic of the
genre
Example: Twilight Zone
o Everyday Life
Air Raid drills
Fallout Shelters
22.
23. The Divided Peninsula
South Korea North Korea
• anti-communist (democratic) • communist
• didn't want to unite Korea • wanted to unite Korea
• wasn't directly supported by • supported by Soviet Union
the U.S.
• Divided along the 38th parallel
• The U.S. got the UN to support South Korea and
General Douglas MacArthur
• American attack at Inchon sent North Koreans out
of S. K. lands.
• Truman gave permission to push communist
passed the 38th parallel
24. From Invasion to Stalemate
• UN defeated North Korean pressures in their capital, Pyongyang
• 8 divisions of the Chinese army supported the North Koreans and
captured the South Korean capital, Seoul.
• UN gained their land + pushed N.K. north of the 38th = War fell into a
stalemate
• General MacArthur
o won public support of attacking China
o relieved of his command
o American public outraged = resentment towards Truman
• The stalemate of the Korean war continued; however, negotiations
between the opposing sides began in Panmunjom in July 1951 and the
war dragged on until 1953.
25. HUAC and Alger Hiss
• HUAC held widely publicized
investigations to prove that there was
communist subversion.
• Turned to movie industry, arguing that
communists had infiltrated Hollywood.
• "The Hollywood ten" refused to answer
questions about their political beliefs.
• Alger Hiss passed classified state
documents to the Soviet Union.
• Hiss sued Whittaker Chambers for
slander.
• Hiss was convicted of perjury and
served several years in prison.
28. The Federal Loyalty Program and
the Rosenberg Case
• McCarran Internal Security
Act (1950): requires all
communist organizations to
register with the government.
• Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
proved American conspiracy.
• Klaus Fuchs testified to
conspiracy.
• David Greenglass admitted to
channelling secret information
to the Soviet Union.
• The Rosenbergs were
convicted.
29. The Republican Revival
Democrat Republican
Adlai E. Stevenson Dwight D. Eisenhower
44% Popular Vote 55% Popular Vote
89 Electoral Votes 442 Electoral Votes
* Truman withdraws from running for president
* Eisenhower's running mate was Richard Nixon