Coal 15 memory in Assembly Programming
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This document provides an overview of computer memory and cache memory. It discusses key memory parameters like access type, capacity, cycle time, latency, bandwidth and cost. It describes the concepts of locality of reference, including spatial and temporal locality. Cache memory is introduced to take advantage of locality by moving frequently accessed data and instructions from slower main memory to a faster cache. The document outlines different cache memory mapping techniques including direct mapping, which uses a simple fixed formula to map blocks of main memory to the cache.
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This document discusses the evolution of Intel processors from 8080/8085 to more recent Pentium models. It traces the progression from 8-bit to 16-bit to 32-bit processors over time, with increasing memory capacity and functionality. Newer processors provided features like pipelining, virtual memory, math coprocessors, and instructions optimized for multimedia applications. The document serves as an overview of the major developments in Intel processor architecture from the 1970s to late 1990s.
Coal 2 - concepts in Assembly Programming
This document outlines the topics that will be covered in a lecture on computer organization and assembly language, including: number systems and conversions; digital logic gates; important terminology; processor memory designs; the internal workings of CPUs including the ALU, program counter, and instruction decoder; and a review of the history of computer architecture based on assigned reading materials. Performance is dependent on factors beyond just processor speed such as the instruction set, programming language, compiler efficiency, and programmer coding skills.
Coal 1 - introduction to assembly programming in Assembly Programming
This document outlines the course objectives, rules, and content for a computer organization and assembly language lecture series. The course will cover computer architecture and components, assembly language, instruction set design, and performance assessment. Students will complete assignments, quizzes, labs, and a final group project involving code demonstration and reporting. Rules address submission deadlines, collaboration, and consequences for violations.
Coal 21- macro in Assembly Programming
This document provides a lecture summary on macro programming in assembly language. It discusses that macros allow code that is frequently used or required in a sequence to be written once and invoked when needed. The macro syntax involves naming the macro, its arguments between parentheses, the macro body, and ending with ENDM. Macros can include comments and local labels to avoid errors, and external macros can be included from other files using the INCLUDE directive.
Various type of register
This document provides an overview of various types of registers used in microprocessors. It discusses system registers, status registers, pointer registers, index registers, hardware registers, instruction registers, control registers, memory management registers, segment registers, shift registers, stack registers, test registers, task registers, accumulator registers, EFLAGS registers, base address registers, and other specialized registers. The document aims to describe the purpose and function of different categories of registers within microprocessors.
MSF process model
The document discusses process models used to guide project activities through different phases. It specifically describes the Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) Process Model, which is a phase-based model with five phases: 1) Envisioning to define goals and requirements, 2) Planning to determine development approach, 3) Developing to create the solution, 4) Stabilizing to test the solution, and 5) Deploying to release the solution. Each phase culminates in a milestone and produces deliverables before transitioning to the next phase.
HRM Short Handouts - Taqi Hassan
CHAPTER 8 - Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees
Chapter 9 - Managing Careers
Chapter 10 - Establishing the Performance Management System
Chapter 11- Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans
Chapter 13 - Ensuring a Safe and Healthy Work Environment
Chapter 14 - Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining
HRM Short notes - Taqi Hassan
CHAPTER 8 - Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees
Chapter 9 - Managing Careers
Chapter 10 - Establishing the Performance Management System
Chapter 11- Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans
Chapter 13 - Ensuring a Safe and Healthy Work Environment
Chapter 14 - Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining
More from Muhammad Taqi Hassan Bukhari (19)
Coal 17 - arithematic operation in Assembly Programming
Coal 17 - arithematic operation in Assembly Programming
Coal 14 input output devices in Assembly Programming
Coal 14 input output devices in Assembly Programming
Coal 10 instruction cycle and interrupts in Assembly Programming
Coal 10 instruction cycle and interrupts in Assembly Programming
Coal 6 instruction in assembly languages in Assembly Programming
Coal 6 instruction in assembly languages in Assembly Programming
Coal 5 memory reading concepts in Assembly Programming
Coal 5 memory reading concepts in Assembly Programming
Coal 3 history of intel evolution in Assembly Programming
Coal 3 history of intel evolution in Assembly Programming
Coal 1 - introduction to assembly programming in Assembly Programming
Coal 1 - introduction to assembly programming in Assembly Programming
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原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(hull学位证书)英国赫尔大学毕业证硕士文凭》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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一比一原版(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
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【主营项目】
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三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(sdsu毕业证书)圣地亚哥州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Odoo releases a new update every year. The latest version, Odoo 17, came out in October 2023. It brought many improvements to the user interface and user experience, along with new features in modules like accounting, marketing, manufacturing, websites, and more.
The Odoo 17 update has been a hot topic among startups, mid-sized businesses, large enterprises, and Odoo developers aiming to grow their businesses. Since it is now already the first quarter of 2024, you must have a clear idea of what Odoo 17 entails and what it can offer your business if you are still not aware of it.
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Odoo ERP was first released as OpenERP software in February 2005. It is a suite of business applications used for ERP, CRM, eCommerce, websites, and project management. Ten years ago, the Odoo Enterprise edition was launched to help fund the Odoo Community version.
When you compare Odoo Community and Enterprise, the Enterprise edition offers exclusive features like mobile app access, Odoo Studio customisation, Odoo hosting, and unlimited functional support.
Today, Odoo is a well-known name used by companies of all sizes across various industries, including manufacturing, retail, accounting, marketing, healthcare, IT consulting, and R&D.
The latest version, Odoo 17, has been available since October 2023. Key highlights of this update include:
Enhanced user experience with improvements to the command bar, faster backend page loading, and multiple dashboard views.
Instant report generation, credit limit alerts for sales and invoices, separate OCR settings for invoice creation, and an auto-complete feature for forms in the accounting module.
Improved image handling and global attribute changes for mailing lists in email marketing.
A default auto-signature option and a refuse-to-sign option in HR modules.
Options to divide and merge manufacturing orders, track the status of manufacturing orders, and more in the MRP module.
Dark mode in Odoo 17.
Now that the Odoo 17 announcement is official, let’s look at what’s new in Odoo 17!
What is Odoo ERP 17?
Odoo 17 is the latest version of one of the world’s leading open-source enterprise ERPs. This version has come up with significant improvements explained here in this blog. Also, this new version aims to introduce features that enhance time-saving, efficiency, and productivity for users across various organisations.
Odoo 17, released at the Odoo Experience 2023, brought notable improvements to the user interface and added new functionalities with enhancements in performance, accessibility, data analysis, and management, further expanding its reach in the market.
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Understandable dialogue on Apple TV+
On-device app controlling AI.
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Coal 15 memory in Assembly Programming
- 1. COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE LECTURE # 1 WEEK 11 THEORY BY MUHAMMAD JAFER 1
- 2. MEMORY • 1946 Burks, Goldstine, and Von Neuman • Random Access Vs Sequential Access • solid-state semiconductor material • access type, capacity, cycle time, latency, bandwidth, and cost 2
- 3. MEMORY PARAMETERS • Access type • action that physically takes place during a read or write operation • Capacity • measured in bytes • Cycle time • the time elapsed from the start of a read operation to the start of a subsequent read • Latency • the time interval between the request for information and the access to the first bit of that information • Bandwidth • number of bits per second • Cost • dollars per megabytes 3
- 4. LOCALITY OF REFERENCE • Move Information from slower to fast Memory • Spatial locality • Temporal locality • Sequence of events that takes place when the processor makes a request for an item • Hit Ratio H • Miss Ratio 1-H 4
- 5. CACHE MEMORY • 1965 Wilks • Conventional Memory & Slave Memory • Cache Hit Ratio Hc • Cache Miss Ration 1-Hc • Block of Memory • Memory interleaving 5
- 6. CACHE MEMORY ASPECTS • Impact of Temporal Locality • Impact of Spatial Locality • Impact of Combined Temporal and Spatial Locality 6
- 7. CACHE-MAPING FUNCTION • Memory Management Unit (MMU) 7
- 8. CACHE-MEMORY ORGANIZATION • Three Main Organization • Difference • The criterion used to place, in the cache, an incoming block from the main memory. • The criterion used to replace a cache block by an incoming block (on cache full). 8
- 9. DIRECT MAPING • Simples of three • The placement is done based on a fixed relation between the incoming block number, i, the cache block number, j, and the number of cache blocks, N • j = i mod N • Many to One Mapping Technique 9
- 10. MMU INTERPRET DIRECT MAPING 10
- 11. MMU INTERPRET DIRECT MAPING 11
- 12. MMU INTERPRET DIRECT MAPING 12
- 13. CHAPTER REVIEW • Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture by Mostafa Abd-Al-Barr & Hesham AlRewini • Chapter # 6 • Basic Concepts • Cache Memory 13