The document defines and describes different types of co-operative societies in India. It begins by tracing co-operatives back 150 years to Robert Owen and the first consumers' cooperative society. The Indian Cooperative Societies Act of 1912 provides the legal definition and framework for co-operatives, which are voluntary organizations based on principles of equality, limited returns, and mutual help. The document outlines the merits of co-ops like easy formation and tax concessions, as well as demerits like limited capital. It then describes the main types of co-ops - credit societies like agricultural and non-agricultural loan co-ops, and non-credit societies that assist with services, marketing and industry.

1. CO-operative societies

2. Introduction
• The cooperative movement can be traced back to about 150
years.
• It was a consumers cooperative society.
• The father of cooperative movement was ROBERT OWEN.
• A comprehensive act was brought again in the year 1912
covering the formation, management and regulation of the
co-operative societies.

3. Definition
• The Indian cooperative societies act, 1912 defines a co-
operative enterprise as ,”A society which has its objectives for
promotion of the interests of its members in accordance with
the principles of co-operation.

4. Principles of co-operation
• Voluntary organisation
• Equality
• Plural membership
• Limited return on capital
• Registration
• Corporate status
• Mutual help

5. merits
• Easy formation
• Unlimited membership
• Tax concession
• Government help

6. demerits
• Limited capital
• Lack of co-operation
• No credit facility
• Inefficient management

7. Types of co-operative
I. Credit societies
Agricultural credit societies
Non agricultural credit societies
II. Non-credit societies
Agricultural non-credit societies
Non-Agricultural non-credit societies

8. I. Credit societies
• They are voluntary association of people with moderate.
• They are formed with the object of giving short-term finance
to members.
• In this way the co-operative society protects its members from
the clutches of the money lenders.

9. Agricultural credit societies
• It is the credit society, organised mostly by agriculturists of a
village.
• They provide loans to its members for various productive and
unproductive purposes relating to agriculture.
• It is also called as primary societies or rural credit societies.

10. Non agricultural credit societies
• It is formed by people living in towns and cities.
• Their aim is to provide loans to members for productive
purposes.
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11. II. Non-credit societies
• These societies are considered to be a solution for many
economic problems.
• They are formed in different areas of economic life of men.

12. Agricultural non-credit societies
• These societies have helped members of limited means to
secure loans at low rate of interest.
• They are assisting the members in marketing, farming,and
industrial services.

13. Non-agricultural non-credit societies
• They are formed in order to assist the middle and lower
income of groups.
• Their main aim is for rendering different types of service to
their members at nominal rates of interest.

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