2. FISHERIES COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES
Introduction
What is cooperative
Type of cooperative society
Objective
Goals and functions
Reason of failure
conclusion
3. INTRODUCTION:
Fisheries cooperative society is a form of business
organization formed under the Societies Act 1925.
It is an association of persons who voluntarily pool
their resources for utilizing them for the mutual
welfare of members itself.
Fisheries Cooperative society is formed for
the promotion of thrift, self help and mutual
assistance of the members.
4. Introduction (cont…)
Many developing countries have based their policy for
small-scale fisheries development on the establishment
of fishermen's cooperative societies.
The size of a cooperative should not be prescribed by
law, though one would expect it to have at least four to
six members.
There are successful fishermen's cooperatives in the
world with memberships ranging from 6 to many
thousands.
The smaller ones, generally, would be involved in
production while the bigger ones in marketing and
supply.
5. WHAT IS A COOPERATIVE?
A cooperative is any group of people who have
voluntarily agreed to cooperate, i.e., to put their
resources together and to work together towards the
achievement of a common economic and/or social
goal in a joint, financially viable.
we can say, a cooperative is a non-profit making
voluntary organization where members associate on
the basis of equal rights to obtain economic and
social benefits for them.
6. TYPES OF FISHERIES COOPERATIVE
SOCIETIES
Cooperative societies are of various types depending
upon their objects and nature of work.
Some of the cooperatives have been formed to help
consumers and other have been established to help
producers. Some of the important types of
cooperative societies are as under :-
7. 1. Producer’s cooperative societies.
The producer’s cooperatives are established by the
small producers. The members of the society produce
goods in their houses or at common place.
2. Consumer’s cooperative societies:
Consumer’s cooperatives are established to remove
middlemen from the field of trades.
These societies purchase fish at the wholesale prices and
sell these fishes to the member at market or lower price ‘
3. Marketing cooperative societies:
The marketing cooperative societies are formed by the
small produces for the promotion of trade. The two main
objectives of these societies are, to sell the good at
reasonable prices by eliminating middle men and to
make the ready for the products of member.
8. 4. Credit cooperative societies:
These cooperatives are formed for financial help of the
member.
5. Insurance cooperative societies:
Theses societies make contract with insurance companies for
the purchase of different insurance policies for its member at
lower premium. This society may take a group insurance
policy for its members. The main object of the society is to
minimize the risk of its member.
6. Transport cooperative societies:
These societies are formed to provide the services of transport
to its members at lower rates.
7. Storage cooperative societies:
These societies are formed for the provision of storage
facilities to its member for perishable and non perishable
goods at lower rates.
9. PROCEDURE FOR JOINING AS A
MEMBER IN A SOCIETY:-
Any Person in the age group of 18 to 60 who is engaged
in Fishing activity.
The Person should be residing in the area of operation of
the society.
The person should pay Rs.10/- towards share capital and
Rs.1/- as entrance fees in the society.
The Assistant Director of Fisheries in the circle/District
is the Registering authority for the Fishermen /
Fisherwomen Co-Operative societies.
10. The Fisherwomen Co-operative society may also be
registered in the area where the fishermen society is
functioning.
The Assistant Director of Fisheries, Marine / Inland
in the circle, the Deputy Director (Regional) and
Joint Director (Regional) are vested with the powers
of functional Registrar (namely the Director of
Fisheries for the State.) under the Co-Operative
Societies Act and Rules.
11. OBJECTIVE
objective of increasing fish production and
upliftment of poor fisherman living in Fishing
villages, have proposed many schemes.
Various welfare scheme have been implemented
by the Government for economic development of
fisherman through Fisheries Co-Operative Societies.
12. WHAT ARE THE GOALS AND
FUNCTIONS OF A FISHERMEN'S
COOPERATIVE?
A fishermen's cooperative can aim at very limited goals, such as reduction
in production costs, or increase of their returns.
Others may set their sights at more comprehensive objectives, like the
improvement of the standard and quality of life in their communities, for
which purpose they may decide to assume multiple functions.
A group of fishermen can organize for the single purpose of jointly buying
fuel for their engines.
In due time their cooperation may develop and cover joint purchase of
fishing gear, fish marketing and other functions, however, any attempt to
force them or to impose on a fishermen's cooperative a function which is
not felt by its members as needed and benefitting them will be counter-
product.
13. WHAT ARE THE REASONS FOR THE FAILURES
OF FISHERMEN'S COOPERATIVES?
There are many reasons and their analysis deserves a
separate treatment, but the most obvious and persistent
appear to be:
wrong identification and planning and hence no
apparent benefits to and lack of interest on the side of the
membership;
unqualified and uninspired business management and
leadership;
corruption and larceny.
14. LAWS AND REGULATIONS CAN PROMOTE
GOVERNMENT POLICIES WITHIN THE
CONTEXT OF FISHERMEN'S COOPERATIVES
If a regulation says that, for example, a cooperative must
sell its catch to a government marketing company at a fixed
price, the effect would probably be counter-productive.
Members will not join voluntarily the cooperative and a
parallel black market is bound to develop. But if the
government provides some sort of incentive to only those
cooperatives which follow the government's marketing
policy then the members will have to weigh these incentives
against the inconvenience of, as in the above example, a
rigid marketing system and reach their own decision. If the
incentives are attractive enough (say access to better
vessels, improved fishing gear or social services, etc.) the
decision may be along the lines desire by government.
15. HOW CAN THESE BE AVOIDED?
Firstly, we should admit that some situations and
some people do not lend themselves at the present
time to cooperative organization and that attempts to
set up cooperatives where this is the case are doomed.
Secondly, the planning and setting up of a cooperative
must always be done through a participatory process.
Thirdly, the cooperative must be planned to offer its
members clear benefits.
16. Fourthly, a cooperative must be operated efficiently and
reliably. Where its membership cannot immediately
produce skilled and educated managers, governments
should supply management personnel. Better off
cooperatives may hire qualified technicians, business
managers and bookkeepers, as needed. Such
management, whether hired or government
provided, should remain under the supervision of a
board of direct or elected from among the membership
by the members' general assembly, who should have the
right of selecting, approving and dismissing unsuitable
managers.
Fifthly, a strong will of the membership and a strong
social pressure combined with a reliable auditing system
will play a most important role in preventing theft and
corruption.
17. CONCLUSION
All types of Fisheries cooperative societies are
formed for the welfare of the people, either these
are produce’s cooperative, consumer
cooperative, farming cooperatives.
The main object of all theses types of societies is
not to earn profit but the welfare of its member.
