This document discusses plans for a cluster housing development on tribal land belonging to the Coeur d'Alene Tribe in Idaho. It provides background on the Tribe and describes the site for the proposed development. The development aims to preserve open space and the rural character of the land in a way that respects the Tribe's cultural and spiritual connection to the landscape. It proposes 8 housing units arranged in a cluster with communal space, along with trails, educational programs, and the establishment of a cultural park on the 350-acre lakefront property.

1. Cluster Housing in a Cultural Park on
the Coeur d’ Alene Reservation

3. Schitsu’umsh- “The discovered people”
Name given from neighboring tribes (Spokane, Kalispell, Kootenai,
and Salish)
Semi-nomadic lifestyles
Relied on natural resources for survival
Staple foods: camas, water potato, game, and berries
(CDA Tribe) (CDA Tribe)
(CDA Tribe)
(CDA Tribe)

4. Schitsu’umsh Aboriginal Territory
N-S From Lake Pond Oreille to Clearwater River
E-W From Missoula, Montana to Cheney, Washington
Majority of families lived along rivers and lakeshores
(CDA Tribe)
(CDA Tribe)
(CDA Tribe)

5. Five Fundamental Teachings from Amotqn, Coyote, Chief
Child of the Yellow Root, and Crane
1- Landscape is spiritually endowed
2- Landscape is inhabited by multitude of Peoples who share a common
kinship
3- The ethic of sharing as the structural relationship of the Peoples
4- “Gifts” to be shared freely; be respected and not abused
5- Sustain and enhance the welfare of Schitsu’umsh family
(Frey, 2001)
(CDA Tribe) (CDA Tribe)

6. Schitsu’umsh
Modernization

7. Influence from Spokane-Coeur d’ Alene Metro Area
Rapid growth
Urban sprawl
Developers building in rural areas
Non-Governmental Organizations

8. Development Impact on Schitsu’umsh Lands
Expansion of US Highway 95
Coeur d’ Alene Casino development
Black Rock development
Route of the Coeur d’ Alenes trail
(CDA Tribe)

9. Cluster vs. Conventional Housing Development
Preserves rural character
Protects open space
Creates land for farming, habitat,
environmental preservation
Minimized infrastructure costs
Pedestrian friendly
Stormwater retention and groundwater
recharge
ClusterConventional
“Rural Sprawl”
Consumes open space
Privatizes all land
Lands too small for farming, habitat,
environmental preservation
Costly infrastructure
Auto dependant
Increased stormwater runoff
(Prairie Crossing)(Vermont Forum)
(Calthorpe) (Calthorpe)

10. “It brings back good feelings in the heart to
come back to where we belong”
Felix Aripa
(CDA Tribe)
(CDA Tribe)

11. The Site
Sixteen-to-One Bay
Purchased by Tribe in 2001
Formerly owned by Charles Magnus
Only tribally owned lakefront property
350 Acres

12. The Look
Baldy Peak
Harrison

13. Site Inventory
Ownership
Soils
Vegetation
Erosion Hazard
Wetlands
(CDA Tribe)

14. Ownership
Worley
Casino
Black Rock State of Idaho Land
BLM Land
Recreational amenities from casino
Joint effort opportunity with public land owners
Possibility of obtaining small adjacent property

15. Soils
Vegetation
Erosion Hazard

16. Wetlands
Tribally owned riparian buffers

17. Design Guidelines
(USFS)
(USFS)
(USFS)
Land Use Intensity
1/1000 ratio
Housing
Locate buildings at transitions
Buildings respond to grade
Minimize or prohibit cut-and-fill
Wastewater and Stormwater
Use alternative septic systems
Groundwater recharge areas
Establishing a Cultural Park
National Parks Service strategy
Develop interpretation
Complete archaeological and botanical study
Finding Funds
Community Character Act
Land and Water Conservation Fund
TEA-21

18. “ From now on we’re going to take care of this
new property”
Felix Aripa

19. Location of Housing
Solution
Camping for Educational Programs
Riparian Zone
VistaVista

20. Solution
8 units; 1 acre
3 garden apartments
2500sq.ft./unit

21. Solution
Wastewater and Stormwater Management
Wastewater
Underground aeration tanks
Grey water for irrigation, toilets, dishwashers
Stormwater
Space between buildings for roof runoff
Loop at center and end of drive for GW recharge

22. Solution
Activities and Programs
Community trail system with interpretive signage
Summer education programs
Correctional education programs
Public education programs
Fishing
Canoeing
Scientific study
Schitsu’umsh- The Discovered People
Sqiqwts- Water potato
Yalstk- Summer
Chatq’ele- Lake
Hndarep- Canoe landing
Ch’ich’et- Shortcut
State of Idaho Land
BLM Land

23. Special Thanks
Barbara Anderson
Schitsu’umsh Tribal Elders: Felix Aripa
Irene Lowely
Lavinia Alexander
Schitsu’umsh GIS Office: John Hartman
Frank Roberts
Bernie Jackson
Perry Kitt
James Twoteeth
Schitsu’umsh Language Center:
Kim Matheson
Schitsu’umsh Natural Resources Council Members

24. Books
Alanen, Arnold R., and Melnick, Robert Z.; Preserving Cultural Landscapes
in America
Baltimore, Maryland; John Hopkins University Press; 2000
Arendt, Randall; Growing Greener: Putting Conservation into
Local Plans & Ordinances
Washington D.C.; Island Press; 1999
Rural by Design: Maintaining Small Town Character
Chicago, Illinois; American Planning Association; 1994
Benton, Lisa M.; The Presidio: From Army Post to National Park
Northeastern University Press; 1998
Cranz, Galen; The Politics of Park Design: A History of
Urban Parks in America;
Cambridge, Massachusetts; Massachusetts
Institute of Technology; 1982
Daly, Herman E.; Beyond Growth: The Economics of
Sustainable Development;
Boston, Massachusetts; Beacon Press Books; 1996
Fishman, Robert; Bourgeois Utopias: The Rise and Fall of Suburbia;
New York, New York; Basic Books, Inc.; 1987
Frey, Rodney; Landscape Traveled by Coyote and Crane
Seattle, Washington; University of Washington Press; 2001
Hart, John; San Francisco’s Wilderness Next Door;
San Rafael, California; Presidio Press; 1979
Hoffman, Joseph B.; Relative Value of Water & Land in Outdoor
Recreation Activity Areas;
Moscow, Idaho; Idaho Water Resources Research Institute,
University of Idaho; 1979
Lyle, John Tillman; Design for Human Ecosystems: Landscape,
Landuse, and Natural Resources;
Harriett Lyle; Washington D.C.: Island Press, 1999.
McHarg, Ian; Design With Nature;
Garden City, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1992.
Okerlund, David F.; Ponderosa State Park General Development Plan
Boise, Idaho; Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation; 1994
O’Looney, John; Beyond Maps: GIS and Decision Making in
Local Governments;
Redlands, California; Environmental Systems Research
Institute, Inc., 2000.
Palmer, Gary B., Nicademus, Lawrence, and Felsman, Lavinia;
Khi’ Khwe Hntmikhw’lumkhw: “This is My Land”;
Las Vegas, Nevada; Department of Anthropology and Ethnic
Studies;
University of Nevada Las Vegas, 1987
Payne, Richard D., Ph.D.; Recreation Home Developments in Idaho:
Five Case Studies;
Boise, Idaho; Center for Research, Grants and Contracts,
Boise State University;1977
Pinchot, Gifford; Breaking New Ground
New York, New York; Harcourt, Brace and Company, Inc.; 1947
Scott, Allen J.; The Cultural Economy of Cities
London, England; SAGE Publications Ltd; 2000
Resources

25. Simmonds, John Ormsbee; Landscape Architecture;
Third Edition; New York, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1998.
South, Tom; Heyburn State Park General Development Plan;
Boise, Idaho; South Landscape Architecture and
Land Planning; 1990
Stapp, Darby C. and Burney, Michael S.; Tribal Cultural Resource
Management: The Full Circle of Stewardship;
Walnut Creek, California; Altamira Press; 2002
Van Der Ryn, Sim and Cowan, Stuart; Ecological Design;
Washington D.C.: Island Press, 1996.
Whyte, William H.; The Last Landscape;
William H. Whyte; Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1968.
Publications/Periodicals
Curless, Erica; “Residents Rage Against Growth”, “County to Hear Residents Views”;
Idaho Spokesman Review; Coeur d’ Alene, Idaho; Mar 16, 2003
Mega, Mathew; Lukermann, Barbara; and Sykes, Robert; “Residential Cluster
Development: Overview of Key Issues”; University of Minnesota Extension
Service; 1998
Rosenwinkel, Hans; “Heavy Metal”
University of Idaho; 2002
Smith, Hubble; “Las Vegas Residents will See More Houses on Smaller Lot Sizes,
Consultant Says”; Las Vegas Review-Journal; October 27, 2002
Stowell, Sean; “Pros and Cons of Environmental Legislations: A look at Legislation
Affecting the Profession”; Landscape Architect; October 2002
CD-ROM
Forest Service, USDA; Built Environment Image Guide: For the Natural
Forests and Grasslands;
Washington D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, 2001.
Web Sites
www.biomicrobics.com- Producers of wastewater treatment systems
www.cdatribe.org- Official site of Coeur d’ Alene Tribe
www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/Fieldwork- “Ethnography: What is Ethnography?”
www.conservationfutures.org- Spokane county conservation organization website
www.icls.harvard.edu- Institute for Cultural Landscape Studies
Ingerson, Alice E.; “What are Cultural Landscapes” and
“Reinventing Research and Practice: Converging Views
from E cology, Planning, and History”;
Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts; The Arnold Arboretum
of Harvard University; 2003
www.metrocouncil.org- Calthorpe Associates; “The St. Croix Valley Development
Design Study”; January 2000
www.npca.org- National Parks Conservation Association
“Ethnography”, “Cultural Landscapes”, “Interpretation”,
and “Funding and Staffing”
www.nps.gov/lwcf- National Parks Service Land and Water Conservation Fund
www2.parkscanada.gc.ca- Parks Canada Website
“Cultural Landscapes”, “Guidelines for the Identification
of Aboriginal Cultural Landscapes”, “Associative Cultural
Landscapes”, and “Canadian Approach”
www.prairiecrossing.com- Home page for Prairie Crossing development in Grayslake, IL
www.vtsprawl.org- Homepage for The Vermont Forum on Sprawl
Burlington, Vermont