Charles Correa on Housing Density 5th Dec07

Green areas: 4 acres per 1000 population i.e. 16 m 2 / person Schools and Hospitals - 8 m 2 - 6 m 2 TOTAL - 14 m 2 AMENITIES PER PERSON Of which, neighbourhood: Which at most could be reduced to 10 m 2 This means . . .

A family of 5 persons in a Luxury apartment of 200 m 2 occupies a built-up area of 40 m 2 / person

30 18 14 12 50 50 m 2 40 + = 0 5 10 20 40 2 5 10 1 20 50 30 18 14 11 12 Built-up Area 50 Avg. Area per Person No. of Floors 1 2 5 10 20 Amenities Area / person m 2 Total Total area/person 40 m 2 / person 40m 2 100 m 2 140 m 2 10 m 2 200 m 2 240 m 2 50 m 2 90 m 2 20 m 2 60 m 2 curve flattens out

A family of 5 persons in a EWS Unit of 25 m 2 occupies a built-up area of 5 m 2 / person

15 12.5 11 10.5 10.2 15 m 2 40 + = 0 5 10 20 40 2 5 10 1 20 Built-up Area 50 Avg. Area per Person No. of Floors 1 2 5 10 20 Amenities Area / person 15 12.5 11 10.5 10.2 10.1 m 2 Total Total area/person 5 m 2 / person 50 m 2 55 m 2 20 m 2 30 m 2 100 m 2 105 m 2 200 m 2 205 m 2 10 m 2 5 m 2 curve flattens out

Thus regardless of the size of units (25m 2 or 200m 2) Therefore for a site of 1 Hectare i.e. 10,000 m 2 10,000 m 2 Amenities = 10 m 2 / person Avg. Area per Person 2 5 10 1 20 40 No. of Floors 50 10 20 40 0 5 i.e 200 families = 1000 person the curve flattens between 10.5 to 11 m 2 /person 10 m 2 /person Total area/person Maximum population will be EWS Luxury

Each families built-up 25 m 2 25 X 200 family Total built-up area/ Hectare = 5,000 m 2 /hectare i.e. an F.S.I. of 5,000 m 2 = 0.5 EWS Luxury Apt 200 m 2 200 X 200 family = 40,000 m 2 /hectare 40,000 m 2 = 4.0 (This is global F.S.I. including schools, hospitals, etc.) 10,000 m 2 10,000 m 2 200 families

Total Site area 224 Hectares DHARAVI i.e 134.40 hectare Therefore, maximum number of person i.e. 1,34,400 persons Maximum area for housing is 60% 134,00,000 m 2 10,000 m 2

Amenities = 10 m 2 / person Note the curve flattens between 10.5 to 11 m 2 /person because the amenities were calculated at 10 m 2 /person Amenities = 20 m 2 / person Avg. Area per Person No. of Floors 50 2 5 10 1 20 40 5 10 20 40 0 60 Avg. Area per Person No. of Floors 50 2 5 10 1 20 40 5 10 20 40 0 EWS Luxury EWS Luxury

2. The only way to Increase EWS densities beyond 1000 persons per hectare is by NOT providing sufficient amenities – which is what we do! 3. For luxury apartments of 200m 2 , the global FSI could be as high as 4.0, but for EWS units of 25m 2 no land is saved by increasing the global FSI beyond 0.5 (which means an FSI of about 1.0 on the building site itself). Conclusions ,[object Object],4. Thus EWS housing is not a problem of constructing taller buildings, but a question of determining the amenities per capita the city should provide – which is an issue to be addressed by Education and Health experts, not Architects and Engineers 5. The area for amenties should depend on the number of persons living on that site - and CANNOT be a fixed percentage (e.g., 15% stipulated in existing Municipal rules).

In short: To grant a higher FSI in order to “ house the poor ” is a fallacy.

Charles Correa on Housing Density 5th Dec07

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Charles Correa on Housing Density 5th Dec07