The document discusses various cloud services such as Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), highlighting the role of virtualization technology in enabling efficient and reliable cloud computing systems. It explains different types of virtualization, including server, storage, and application virtualization, emphasizing their benefits such as cost savings, scalability, and improved security. Additionally, it covers the rising popularity of Database as a Service (DBaaS) and Communication as a Service (CaaS), showcasing how these services streamline operations and enhance accessibility for users.

2. Cloud Services:
 Types of Cloud services:
 Software as a Service
 Platform as a Service
 Infrastructure as a Service
 Database as a Service
 Monitoring as a Service
 Communication as services
Service providers - Google, Amazon, Microsoft Azure, IBM, Sales force.
Unit -2

3. Virtualization
• The advent of virtualization technology revolutionized the way hardware could be
used in many different businesses.
• Virtualization of applications and desktops has allowed easier access to users and
employees, making remote work increasingly possible, and the virtualization of
networks, storage, and servers improved efficiency and performance metrics for
organizations in need of powerful and reliable infrastructure.
• Cloud computing and the various cloud services provided these days rely on
cloud virtualization, which is one type of virtualization technology.
• When cloud storage is provided to users, applications and data can be stored on
the cloud and accessed from any location.

4. How Virtualization Works
 Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual instance of a device, such as a
virtual server or virtual operating system.
 There are several different types of virtualization.
 Most virtualization is performed through virtualization software.
 These programs have the capability to extend the hardware of the physical
machine, network, or storage system, and create virtual versions of these
systems.
 One example of a virtualization program is called a hypervisor, which can
virtualize desktops, applications, network components, and storage.
Hypervisors can either be installed directly on the hardware, or work as a layer
installed on the operating system between the hardware and the virtual
machine.

6. There are numerous different types of virtualization, and it’s important to understand cloud virtualization is
simply one type of virtualization technology. Cloud computing isn’t different from virtualization, but
it uses virtualization to function. Before we get to cloud virtualization, the other kinds of virtualization are:
1.Desktop Virtualization: Desktop virtualization is commonly performed using hypervisors, particularly when
the operating system installed on the user’s device is different than the one they want to use. For example, a
user using a computer with Windows installed may then use a hypervisor to virtualize a Linux desktop, so
they can test programs in development in a Linux environment.
2.Data Virtualization: Data virtualization is when data is managed to allow the user to user change or access
data without needing to know exactly where it’s stored or what format it’s in. Data is aggregated without
moving or changing the original data, so it can be quickly accessed from any device.
3.Network Virtualization: Network virtualization is when physical networks are combined into a virtual
network based on software instead of hardware. All the physical parts of the network, such as switches and
routers, are pooled, and their resources can be allocated as needed to any user or device on the network.
This is done through a central virtual network management system. A common type of virtual network is a
virtual local area network, or VLAN. A VLAN combines several network devices into one group, as if they
were a LAN, even if they’re not in local proximity to each other.
Contd…

7. 4. Storage Virtualization: Storage virtualization is the process of combining a group of physical storage
devices into one group as if they were one device. A commonly known type of virtual storage is called a
Storage Area Network, or SAN. Storage virtualization allows applications and servers to access
information from storage systems without needing to know which physical or virtual device the data is
stored on. Virtualizing storage allows data to be easily backed up and transported between locations,
and data can be more easily accessed.
5. Server Virtualization: This is when more than one virtual server can be stored on one physical server.
Instead of purchasing more and more physical servers, you can save on floor or room space, and instead
virtualize multiple servers and store them on one single machine instead. It also means you can easily
allocate physical resources between different servers and change it as necessary. You can easily move
the virtual servers from one host server to another.
6. Application Virtualization: This is when an application is stored virtually on a server and then
accessed by the user’s device through the server, instead of being installed directly on the device. This
means users don’t need to log on to a computer to access an application, and instead they can access it
through any device with access to the server (such as through the internet). This also means you don’t
need to have enough storage space on your device to be able to install and use an application, as the
application is stored on the server elsewhere.
Contd…

8. Why Use Virtualization?
 There are several reasons virtualization of one of the above types is increasingly used, as
there are numerous benefits. For example, in the case of server, storage, desktop, and
application virtualization, having physical devices or copies of these things can be difficult to
move or copy when you need to move something. A virtual server or desktop can be easily
moved and accessed from a different location.
 In addition, physical devices are limited by the specific set of hardware they’re installed on,
while virtual devices can easily be allocated resources as necessary.
 Physical hardware can be consolidated, and a virtual machine could access resources from
multiple pieces of hardware.
 Furthermore, the level of isolation of virtual devices provides two main benefits: security and
resistance to change.

9.  When a virtual machine is created, it’s completely isolated from other virtual
machines and from the host system.
 If one virtual machine or one physical device is infected with malware, it won’t
necessarily be able to easily spread through other virtual machines or other
parts of the network.
 This level of security is useful for protecting your network when virtual
machines access the internet and for testing applications or new
developments. For example, if an application crashes on a virtual machine, it
won’t cause any problems for the host machine beneath it.
Contd…

10. Software as a Service Discussed
Platform as a Service Discussed
Infrastructure as a Service Discussed
Database as a Service We will discuss it
Monitoring as a Service We will discuss it
Communication as services We will discuss it
Types of Cloud Service

11.  The golden rule of system maintenance is this: Anything that can go wrong
probably will.
 With the Break-Fix, or On-Demand outsourcing model, services are performed
reactively after an issue arises. Preventative measures are not put in place, and the
issues that start out small aren’t noticed until they go on to cause serious damage.
 For our technology-reliant and interdependent transit systems, this service model
just does not cut it anymore.
 What will? Alleviating problems before they become an issue. Being proactive and
adopting a comprehensive approach to protecting the organization.
 Managed Services refers to the practice of outsourcing certain processes and
functions on a proactive basis so you can focus on providing outstanding service to
the customers.
Golden Rule of System Maintenance

12.  Managed services is the practice of outsourcing the responsibility for maintaining,
and anticipating need for, a range of processes and functions to improve operations
and reduce expenses.
 It is an alternative to the break/fix or on-demand outsourcing model where the service
provider performs on-demand services and bills the customer only for the work done.
 Under this subscription model, the client or customer is the entity that owns or has direct
oversight of the organization or system being managed, whereas the managed services
provider (MSP) is the service provider delivering the managed services. The client and the
MSP are bound by a contractual, service-level agreement that states the performance and
quality metrics of their relationship.
 The global Managed Services market is expected to grow from an estimated $342.9 Billion in 2020
to $410.2 Billion by 2027, representing a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) of 2.6%.
Managed Services

13.  DBaaS (also known as managed database service) is a cloud computing service that lets
users access and use a cloud database system without purchasing and setting up their own
hardware, installing their own database software, or managing the database themselves
(not to mention hiring the high-priced talent required to do so).
 The cloud provider takes care of everything from periodic upgrades to backups to ensuring
that the database system remains available and secure 24/7.
 The market for DBaaS and cloud databases is among the fastest-growing Software-as-a-
Service (SaaS) markets, expected to grow to USD 320 billion by 2025.
 Database and data warehouse vendors have joined established cloud providers in offering
hosted versions of their software, enabling customers to leverage the many benefits of
cloud computing for their applications’ data storage, search, and access needs.
Database As a Service (DBaaS)

14. Compared to deploying a database management system on-premises, DBaaS offers your organization
significant financial, operational, and strategic benefits:
Cost savings: Laying down infrastructure for database management is expensive; scaling it as needed is
costly and often wasteful. With DBaaS, your organization pays a predictable periodic charge based on the
resources you consume—there’s no need to purchase additional capacity to have on hand for
hypothetical future needs.
Scalability—up and down: You can quickly and easily provision additional storage and computing capacity
at run time if you need it, and you can scale down your database cluster during non-peak usage times to
save cost.
Simpler, less costly management: To manage and maintain a database on-premises, you’d need an in-
house administrative team. With DBaaS, the cloud provider manages everything (although you can
choose to manage certain aspects yourself if you wish). DBaaS lightens the administrative burden on your
existing IT staff and frees them to work on applications and innovation.
Benefits of Database As a Service (DBaaS)

15. Rapid development and faster time-to-market: With an on-premises database system, development
teams typically need to request access through IT, a process that can take days or weeks. In contrast, with
DBaaS, developers can help themselves to database capabilities and spin up and configure a database
that’s ready to integrate with their application in minutes.
Data and application security: Cloud database providers typically offer enterprise grade security, including
features like default encryption of data at rest and in-transit and integrated identity and access
management controls. Some also meet specific regulatory compliance standards.
Reduced risk: DBaaS offerings from major cloud providers typically include a service-level agreement (SLA)
guaranteeing a certain amount of uptime. In the unlikely event that your provider doesn’t meet the
requirements stipulated in the SLA, you’ll be compensated for any excess downtime you experience.
Software quality: The major cloud providers offer a wide variety of highly configurable DBaaS options—
each preselected for quality, so you won’t have to worry about the wading through hundreds of different
databases.
Contd…

16.  Monitoring as a service (MaaS) is one of many cloud computing delivery models
under anything as a service (XaaS). It is a framework that facilitates the deployment
of monitoring functionalities for various other services and applications within the
cloud.
 Cloud monitoring is a method of reviewing, observing, and managing the operational
workflow in a cloud-based IT infrastructure. Manual or automated management
techniques confirm the availability and performance of websites, servers,
applications, and other cloud infrastructure.
 Cloud Monitoring as a Service is referred to a type of on demand IT service that
provides cloud monitoring and management tools for monitoring cloud based
platforms, websites, servers, IT Infrastructure etc. It provides a fully managed cloud
monitoring service for cloud and virtualization environments in organizations
Monitoring as a service (MaaS)

17. Using Monitoring as a service (MaaS), Orient can monitor servers, network devices, operating
systems, databases, storage devices, applications, and virtual infrastructure.
Server Monitoring provides insights into the reliability of the server hardware such as Uptime,
CPU, Memory and Storage.
Contd…

18. Communication As a Service (CaaS)
 Communications as a Service (CaaS) is an outsourced enterprise communications
solution that can be leased from a single vendor.
 Communication as a service (CaaS) is a cloud-based solution provided by cloud
vendors. CaaS is a specialized variation of Software as a Service (SaaS) which is
among three basic services delivered by the cloud computing technology.
 Such communications can include:
 Voice over IP (VoIP or Internet telephony)
 Instant Messaging (IM)
 Collaboration and
 Videoconference Applications using fixed and mobile devices.

19. Contd…
 CaaS providers manage
the hardware and softwar
e that are important for
delivering Voice over IP
(VoIP) for voice
communication service,
and other services like
Instant Messaging (IM) to
provide text
communication service
and video conferencing to
provide video
communication service.
 CaaS providers
manage CaaS model
provides economical
services as the
service users do not
have to bear the
expenditure of buying
and managing the
communication
equipment.
 CaaS is favorable for
small IT companies
that on the verge of
expansion.

20. Features of Communication As a Service (CaaS)
1. Integrated and Unified Communication
The advanced unified communication features include Chat, Multimedia conferencing, Microsoft Outlook integration,
Real-time presence, “Soft” phones (software-based telephones), Video calls, Unified messaging and mobility.
Nowadays, CaaS vendor introduces new features to their CaaS services much faster than ever before. It has become
economical for providers to introduce a new feature to their CaaS application faster because the end-users are
benefitting from the provider’s scalable platform infrastructure and ultimately the many end-users using the provider’s
service shares this cost of enhancement.
2. No Investment Required
As the sole responsibility of CaaS vendor to manage hardware and software deployed to provide the communication
service to their customers. The customer only has to pay for the service he is getting from the CaaS vendor, not for
communication features deployed to provide communication services.
3. Flexibility & Scalability
The customer can outsource the communication services form CaaS vendors. The customers pay for what they have
demanded. The customer can extend their service requirement according to their need. This brings flexibility and
scalability in communication services and even make the service economical.

21. Contd…
4. No Risk of Obsolescence
The CaaS vendors keep on updating their hardware and software that provide communication services to meet
the changing demands of the market. So the customer using the services does not have to be worried about the
service obsolescence.
5. No Maintenance Cost Incurred
The customer outsourcing the CaaS service does not have to bear the cost of maintaining the equipment
deployed for providing communication services.
6. Ensure Business Continuity
If due to any calamity your business’s geographical region is affected then how long can you continue your
business? That’s why nowadays companies distribute their data to the geographically dispersed data centre
which maintain the redundancy & help them in recovering soon after any catastrophic event.
The same feature is adopted and implemented by the CaaS providers in order to provide voice continuity or
communication continuity even if any catastrophic event strikes.

22.  Business users opting for CaaS can selectively deploy communication features (hardware and software)
throughout there office on a pay-as-you-go basis. CaaS vendor designs comprehensive, flexible and easy to
understand service plans for their users.
 The quality of communication service is assured by the CaaS vendors under the service level agreement.
 CaaS is a fully hosted solutions that are practiced on the cloud-based technology which can be implemented
over multiple types of operating system such as windows, Linux, Android & iOS. Because of this, the CaaS
can be accessed through multiple types of connected devices such as mobiles, handsets, tablets, TV sets,
laptop, PC etc.
 CaaS has brought the revolutionary change in method of communication from person to person, person to
machine and machine to machine.
 CaaS abstracts the networks capability to handle peak load for their customer which make it flexible. The
network capabilities can be extended to raise the network capacity, devices and area coverage based on the
demands of the CaaS customers. However, the network capabilities can be extended dynamically according
to customers demand so that the resources are not wasted.
How Communication As a Service (CaaS) Works

23.  CaaS provides an economical way to deliver communication service to its customer by
preventing them from investing in hardware and software required for delivering
communication services.
 CaaS vendor provides 24/7 service to its customers. Customer receiving services from CaaS
vendor do not have to indulge and invest in managing the components of CaaS.
 CaaS vendor offers flexible service as they charge according to pay as you go basis.
 CaaS provide scalable services as they provide service based on customers demand.
 CaaS provides the hosted and managed solution which offers complete communication
solutions managed by a single vendor only.
 From the customers perspective, there is no risk of service becoming obsolete as the
vendors are responsible for upgrading the carrier platform.
Advantage of Communication As a Service (CaaS)

25. Leading Cloud Service Providers

26. According to a report by Canalys shown in the above chart, in Q4, 2020:
 AWS cloud grew by 28% and
 Azure cloud grew by 50%
 Google cloud grew by 58% and
 Alibaba clouds grew 54% respectively
As of this report,
 AWS has 31% of total cloud market share followed by
 Azure has share of 20%
 Google has share of 7% and
 Alibaba has share of 6%
Leading Cloud Service Providers

27. AWS Azure Google Cloud
Company AWS Inc. Microsoft Google
Launch year 2006 2010 2008
Geographical Regions 25 54 21
Availability Zones 78 140 (countries) 61
Key offerings
Compute, storage,
database, analytics,
networking, machine
learning, and AI, mobile,
developer tools, IoT,
security, enterprise
applications, blockchain.
Compute, storage, mobile,
data management,
messaging, media services,
CDN, machine learning and
AI, developer tools,
security, blockchain,
functions, IoT.
Compute, storage,
databases, networking,
big data, cloud AI,
management tools,
Identity and security,
IoT, API platform
Compliance Certificates 46 90
Annual Revenue $33 billion $35 billion $8 billion
The following table summarizes the top 3 key players and their
offerings in the cloud computing world:

28. IBM Cloud
IBM Cloud developed by IBM is a set of cloud computing services for
businesses. Similar to other cloud service providers, the IBM cloud
includes IaaS, SaaS, and PaaS services via public, private, and hybrid
cloud models.
Compute, Network, Storage, Cloud Packs, Management, Security,
Database, Analytics, AI, IoT, Mobile, Dev Tools, Blockchain, Integration,
Migration, Private Cloud, and VMware.
Annual revenue: $19.16 billion

29. Salesforce Service Cloud is a customer relationship management (CRM) platform for
customer service and support.
Salesforce is a Software as a Service (SaaS) application providing client relationship management (CRM)
service, and this what makes Salesforce the leading CRM.
One of the best enterprise cloud platforms that is helping clients worldwide with databases achieves brilliant
client relations, interactions, and connections, thereby leading to business growth and development.
The best part is, Salesforce is convertible and gets along well with disparate business frameworks. It has
been proved that CRM frameworks will help businesses gain a massive amount of profit by paying very little
attention and mind.
According to an examination, for each dollar spent behind the CRM framework, around $5.60 is gained back.
This is the need for the hour to gain huge achievement and accomplishment while it collaborates with its
clients. To sum up, it is understandable that Salesforce, being the most famous framework, will achieve a
better ROI on utilization.
Salesforce Cloud Service

30. Pros and Cons of Salesforce
➙ Flexible: one of the most efficient advantages of Salesforce is that it is highly adaptable. The objects that are spot in
Salesforce can be entirely set according to your desires. Any user will not be tied or bonded to a specific set of layouts.
➙ Easily manageable: along with flexibility, another chief benefit of Salesforce is that it is extremely easy to manage. If
you have a small-scale organization, you will still be able to incorporate changes on the side of administration.
➙ Innumerable options: the ecosystem of Salesforce contains applications that you can buy via app exchange.
➙ Standard API Links: being the largest web-based platform, Salesforce offers a vast variety of legal API Links. These
tools are proven and can be linked at ease without the need to charge for additional hours.
Cons of Salesforce
➙ It is comparatively costly and expensive.
➙ Additionally, one has to pay for each add-on to obtain the most out of S/W
➙ Complicated configuration and set-up.
➙ Extremely time-consuming.
➙ Poor customer support reputation.
➙ Endless learning curve.
➙ The presence of a Cluttered interface makes simple and navigable tasks unnecessarily complicated.