The presentation discusses developing a cloud computing application and Android application for students. The project aims to allow students to develop and execute Java programs on tablets and mobile devices using cloud computing resources. It describes cloud computing concepts, Android architecture, and progress made in linking the Android SDK with Eclipse for application development.

1. Presentation
on
Major Project
Submitted by:
Mohit Singh
Roll no: 104507
M.Tech 2nd Year

2. Student Oriented Cloud Computing
and
Android Based Application
for
lean mobile computing Systems

3. Objective
 The main objective of the project is to develop a Cloud
Computing Application for Java program creation,
compilation and execution on lean mobile computing
systems like smart phones, ipads and netbooks.
 Setup a server and deploy the application on the cloud to
test it across the range of lean mobile computing systems.
 Develop an Android based application for Java program
development and using a cloud computing facility to
execute the developed Java programs.
 Develop Android based application for students.

4. Motivation behind Project
The next generation of open operating systems
won’t be on desktops or mainframes but on the small
mobile devices we carry every day. The openness of
these new environments will lead to new applications and
markets and will enable greater integration.

5. Aakash (Tablet)
Aakash world's cheapest internet device was
conceived under the Human Resources and
Development Ministry's National Mission
on Education through Information and
Communication Technology (NME-ICT) to
provide students a device that could be used
as an EBook reader, to access online
streaming course material and web based
research
But there are no applications which can
enable the students to develop and execute
programs using these tablets.

6. Cloud Computing

7. …
Cloud computing
provides computation,
software, data access,
and storage services
that do not require end-
user knowledge of the
physical location and
configuration of the
system that delivers the
services.

8. …
 Cloud Computing is a general term used to describe a new
class of network based computing that takes place over the
Internet, basically a step on from Utility.
 In other words, this is a collection/group of integrated and
networked hardware, software and Internet infrastructure
(called a platform).
 Using the Internet for communication and transport provides
hardware, software and networking services to clients.
 These platforms hide the complexity and details of the
underlying infrastructure from users and applications by
providing very simple graphical interface or API (Applications
Programming Interface).

9. …
 In addition, the platform provides on demand services, that
are always on, anywhere, anytime and any place.
 Pay for use and as needed, elastic (scale up and down in
capacity and functionalities).
 The hardware and software services are available to the
general public, enterprises, corporations and businesses
markets.

10. Cloud Summary
 Cloud computing is an umbrella term used to refer to Internet
based development and services.
 A number of characteristics define cloud data, applications
services and infrastructure:
◦ Remotely hosted: Services or data are hosted on remote
infrastructure.
◦ Ubiquitous: Services or data are available from anywhere.
◦ Commodified: The result is a utility computing model similar to
traditional that of traditional utilities, like gas and electricity - you
pay for what you would want!

11. Cloud Architecture

12. Software as a service (SaaS)
 Software as a service , sometimes referred to as "on-demand
software," is a software delivery model in which software and
its associated data are hosted centrally (typically in the
(Internet) cloud) and are typically accessed by users using a
thin client, normally using a web browser over the Internet.
 SaaS has become a common delivery model for most business
applications, including accounting, collaboration, customer
relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning
(ERP), invoicing, human resource management (HRM),
content management (CM) and service desk management.

13. Platform as a service (PaaS)
 Platform as a service (PaaS) is the delivery of a computing
platform and solution stack as a service.
 PaaS offerings facilitate deployment of applications without
the cost and complexity of buying and managing the
underlying hardware and software and provisioning hosting
capabilities.
 PaaS providing all of the facilities required to support the
complete life cycle of building and delivering web applications
and services entirely available from the Internet

14. Infrastructure as a service" (IaaS)
 Cloud infrastructure services, also known as “Infrastructure as
a service" (IaaS), deliver computer infrastructure – typically a
platform virtualization environment – as a service, along with
raw (block) storage and networking.
 Rather than purchasing servers, software, data-center space or
network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a
fully outsourced service.
 Suppliers typically bill such services on a utility computing
basis; the amount of resources consumed (and therefore the
cost) will typically reflect the level of activity.[

15. Cloud Storage
 Several large Web companies (such as Amazon and Google)
are now exploiting the fact that they have data storage
capacity that can be hired out to others.
 This approach, known as cloud storage allows data stored
remotely to be temporarily cached on desktop computers,
mobile phones or other Internet-linked devices.
 Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple Storage
Solution (S3) are well known examples.

16. Advantages of Cloud Computing
 Lower computer costs
 Improved performance
 Reduced software costs
 Instant software updates
 Improved document format compatibility.
 Unlimited storage capacity
 Increased data reliability
 Universal document access
 Latest version availability
 Easier group collaboration
 Device independence

17. Disadvantages of Cloud Computing
 Requires a constant Internet connection
 Does not work well with low-speed connections
 Can be slow
 Features might be limited
 Stored data might not be secure
 Stored data can be lost
 HPC Systems
 General Concerns

18. Android
Android is a software
stack for mobile
devices that includes
an operating system,
middleware and key
applications.

19. About Android and its features
 Android is an operating system based on Linux with a Java
programming interface.
 It provides tools, e.g. a compiler, debugger and a device
emulator as well as its own Java Virtual machine (Dalvik
Virtual Machine - DVM).
 Android is created by the Open Handset Alliance which is
lead by Google.
 Android uses a special virtual machine, e.g. the Dalvik
Virtual Machine. Dalvik uses special bytecode. Therefore
you cannot run standard Java bytecode on Android.
 Android provides a tool "dx" which allows converting Java
Class files into "dex" (Dalvik Executable) files.

20. …
 Android applications are packed into an .apk (Android
Package) file by the program "aapt" (Android Asset
Packaging Tool) To simplify development Google
provides the Android Development Tools (ADT) for
Eclipse.
 The ADT performs automatically the conversion from
class to dex files and creates the apk during deployment.

21. …
 Android supports 2-D and 3-D graphics using the
OpenGL libraries and supports data storage in a
SQLite database.
 Every Android applications runs in its own process and
under its own userid which is generated automatically
by the Android system during deployment.
 Therefore the application is isolated from other
running applications and a misbehaving application
cannot easily harm other Android applications.

22. Features
 Open
 Breaking down Boundaries
 All applications are equal
 Fast & Easy development

23. Android Framework and Tools
Android Tools include SDK, ADT for eclipse
integration support and an emulator.
Let’s discuss them one by one in brief:

24. Introduction to Android SDK and ADT
for Eclipse
 The Android SDK archive initially contains only the basic SDK tools. It
does not contain an Android platform or any third-party libraries. In fact, it
doesn't even have all the tools you need to develop an application.
 In order to start developing applications, you must install the Platform-tools
and at least one version of the Android platform, using the SDK Manager.
Platform-tools contains build tools that are periodically updated to support
new features in the Android platform (which is why they are separate from
basic SDK tools), including adb, dexdump, and others.
 To install Platform-tools, Android platforms and other add-ons, you must
have an Internet connection, so if you plan to use the SDK while offline,
please make sure to download the necessary components while online. To
start the SDK Manager, please execute the program "SDK Manager.exe".
From the command-line you can also directly trigger an update by
Executing:
toolsAndroid.bat update sdk

25. Dalvik Virtual Machine
 The Dalvik virtual machine is simple Java interpreter machine,
completely optimized for Android platform and which is developed
to run on low-end memory mobile devices.
 One of the prominent aspects in Dalvik is its capability to run along
an application compilation enhancing the runtime performance of
the applications.
 Dalvik is not exactly, a Java machine, because Dalvik could not read
Java code, but consists its own byte code called “dex” and so the
executable files compacted using Dalvik holds the file type name
'.dex'.
 Google states that the credit for Androids successful development
goes to Dalvik VM, because this type of virtual machine, delivers a
good performance over various stages of an application runtime
environment, conserving more battery-power during long run of an
application.

26. …

27. Android Architecture

28. Building Android Application

29. …

30. Components of Android Application
 Activity
 Views
 Services
 Content Provider
 Intents
 Broadcast Receiver

31. …

32. …

33. Progress Track
Learnt program development for Android and Cloud
Computing.
Linking Android SDK and ADT plugin with Eclipse
developing Android programs and debugging it with both
Emulator and Android smart phone.
Presently designing the GUI and the other components of the
above mentioned application.

34. References
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
 http://www.thinkgrid.com/docs/computing-whitepaper.pdf
 http://www.awsug.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/saas_and_clo
 http://acet.rdg.ac.uk/~mab/Talks/Clouds-La-Coruna09/Talk.ppt
 http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android
 http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html