Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often deployed in unfavourable situations where an assailant can physically capture some of the nodes, first can reprogram, and then, can replicate them in a large number of clones, easily taking control over the network. This replication node is also called as Clone node. The clone node or replicated node behave as a genuine node. It can damage the network. In node replication attack detecting the clone node important issue in Wireless Sensor Networks. A few distributed solutions have been recently proposed, but they are not satisfactory. First, they are intensity and memory demanding: A serious drawback for any protocol to be used in the WSN- resource constrained environment. In this project first investigate the selection criteria of clone detection schemes with regard to device types, detection methodologies, deployment strategies, and detection ranges. Further, they are vulnerable to the specific assailant models introduced in this paper. In this scenario, a particularly dangerous attack is the replica attack, in which the assailant takes the secret keying materials from a compromised node, generates a large number of assailant-controlled replicas that share the node’s keying materials and ID, and then spreads these replicas throughout the network. With a single captured node, the assailant can create as many replica nodes as he has the hardware to generate.. The replica nodes are controlled by the assailant, but have keying materials that allow them to seem like authorized participants in the network. Our implementation specifies, user will specify its ID, which means client id, secret key will be create, and then include the port number. The witness node will verify the internally bounded user Id and secret key. The witness node means original node. If the verification is success, the information collecting to the packets that packets are send to the destination.
Efficient distributed detection of node replication attacks in mobile sensor ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Enhancing the Security in WSN using Three Tier Security ArchitectureAM Publications,India
Security is the main issue while setting up the WSN network for node communication. This report describes the efficient mechanism for achieving the security between node communications by creating three tier security architecture. This system implements three tier architecture with the use of two polynomial pools having sensor nodes, mobile sinks and some access points that are also sensor nodes, to get better security. Two pools are common mobile polynomial pool and common static polynomial pool. Mobile sinks and access point carries keys from common mobile polynomial pool were as, access points and sensor nodes carries keys from common static polynomial pool. Communication gets established from mobile sink to access point then from access point to sensor node that shows three tier architecture Authentication is the main aspect of the system, that is achieved by pairwise key predistribution methods and authentication of the nodes with the use of polynomial keys. Here, Mobile sink replication attack is implemented against the network. The malicious node, it is blocked. If it wants to communicate within the network then it needs to capture large no of keys from both the pools for authentication. But as the sufficient keys are not available with it, it cannot communicate with the other nodes in the network
BLACK HOLE ATTACKS MITIGATION AND PREVENTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKAM Publications
Wireless Sensor Network consists of nodes which communicate with each other with wireless
channel. A general conception of wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is static and it remains fixed in their
position. It has been deployed in dominant manner for a long period of time. Many researches mostly focus on
energy consumption in WSN sensor nodes. In WSN The security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a critical
issue due to the inherent limitations of computational capacity and power usage The Black hole attacks is
one of the attack that challenges the security of WSN. Black hole attacks occur when an adversary cap-tures
and re-programs a set of nodes in the network to block/drop the packets they receive/generate instead of
forwarding them towards the base station. As a result any information that enters the black hole region is
captured. Black hole attacks are easy to constitute, and they are capable of undermining network effectiveness by
partitioning the network, such that important event information do not reach the base stations. Several
techniques based on secret sharing and multi-path routing have been proposed in the literature to overcome
black hole attacks in the network. However, these techniques are not very effective, and as we demonstrate, they
may even end up making black hole attacks more effective. Propose an efficient technique that uses multiple base
stations deployed in the network to counter the impact of black holes on data transmission, using java simulator
and performance compare with multiple base station and without multiple base station to prevent black hole
attacks. It implemented using Net bean IDE Java network simulator .
Network Security Enhancement in WSN by Detecting Misbehavioural Activity as C...ijtsrd
This system proposes a centralized system for replica identification. The network is divided into segments and an inspection node is chosen for each segment. Inspection node identifies a clone node by checking the nodes ID and cryptographic key. In this process, Chord algorithm is used to detect the clone node, every node is assigned with random key, before it transmits the data it has to give its key which would be verified by the witness node. If same key is given by another node then the witness node identifies the cloned node. Here every node only needs to know the neighbor list containing all neighbor IDs and its location. In this scheme, Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol EECP protocol is used to implement different energy saving methods. Dr. B. R. Tapas Bapu | Hemavathi S U | Poonkuzhali K | Sweety J "Network Security Enhancement in WSN by Detecting Misbehavioural Activity as Copy Cat Nodes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31257.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/31257/network-security-enhancement-in-wsn-by-detecting-misbehavioural-activity-as-copy-cat-nodes/dr-b-r-tapas-bapu
Protocols for detection of node replication attack on wireless sensor networkIOSR Journals
This document summarizes two techniques for detecting node replication attacks in wireless sensor networks: centralized detection and distributed detection. Centralized detection involves nodes reporting information to a base station, which can detect replication by identifying conflicting location claims for the same node ID. Distributed detection techniques like witness-based strategies and deployment knowledge allow nodes to detect replication locally without a base station through methods like node broadcasting claims to witness nodes. The document analyzes the advantages and limitations of each approach.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Detection of Distributed Clone Attacks for Safety Transactions in WSNIJTET Journal
Abstract - Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) are usually deployed in hostile environments wherever associate degree person will physically capture a number of the nodes, first will reprogram, and then, will replicate them in an exceedingly sizable amount of clones, simply taking management over the network. Some distributed solutions to handle this basic drawback are recently projected. However, these solutions don't seem to be satisfactory. First, they are energy and memory demanding: a significant downside for any protocol to be employed in the WSN- resource strained surroundings. Further, they are risk of the particular person models introduced during this paper. The contributions of this work are threefold. First, the desirable properties of a distributed mechanism for the detection of node duplication attacks are examined. Second, the far-famed solutions for this drawback is shown and don't fully meet the required needs. Third, a replacement self-healing, Randomized, Efficient, and Distributed (RED) protocol for the detection of node replication attacks is projected, and it's shown that it satisfies the introduced needs. The novel Implementation specifies that the user can specify its ID, Location ID (LID), Random range (RN), Destination ID (DID) alongside Destination LID, to the Witness Node (WN). The witness can verify the internally finite user ID with the user given ID. If the verification is success, the packets are sent to the destination. A changed RED theme (MRED) is projected to spot biological research attacks within the network.
The document summarizes research on preserving source location privacy in wireless sensor networks. It proposes using computer-based image recognition to analyze traffic patterns and detect modified data packets. The key points are:
1) Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks that can reveal the location of data sources. Existing solutions have limitations like increased energy use.
2) The paper proposes using computer-based image recognition to analyze traffic and identify packets whose delivery was delayed, indicating modification by an attacker.
3) If the attacking node is identified, it would be removed from the network. This approach aims to effectively preserve source location privacy against traffic analysis attacks.
Efficient distributed detection of node replication attacks in mobile sensor ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Enhancing the Security in WSN using Three Tier Security ArchitectureAM Publications,India
Security is the main issue while setting up the WSN network for node communication. This report describes the efficient mechanism for achieving the security between node communications by creating three tier security architecture. This system implements three tier architecture with the use of two polynomial pools having sensor nodes, mobile sinks and some access points that are also sensor nodes, to get better security. Two pools are common mobile polynomial pool and common static polynomial pool. Mobile sinks and access point carries keys from common mobile polynomial pool were as, access points and sensor nodes carries keys from common static polynomial pool. Communication gets established from mobile sink to access point then from access point to sensor node that shows three tier architecture Authentication is the main aspect of the system, that is achieved by pairwise key predistribution methods and authentication of the nodes with the use of polynomial keys. Here, Mobile sink replication attack is implemented against the network. The malicious node, it is blocked. If it wants to communicate within the network then it needs to capture large no of keys from both the pools for authentication. But as the sufficient keys are not available with it, it cannot communicate with the other nodes in the network
BLACK HOLE ATTACKS MITIGATION AND PREVENTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKAM Publications
Wireless Sensor Network consists of nodes which communicate with each other with wireless
channel. A general conception of wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is static and it remains fixed in their
position. It has been deployed in dominant manner for a long period of time. Many researches mostly focus on
energy consumption in WSN sensor nodes. In WSN The security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a critical
issue due to the inherent limitations of computational capacity and power usage The Black hole attacks is
one of the attack that challenges the security of WSN. Black hole attacks occur when an adversary cap-tures
and re-programs a set of nodes in the network to block/drop the packets they receive/generate instead of
forwarding them towards the base station. As a result any information that enters the black hole region is
captured. Black hole attacks are easy to constitute, and they are capable of undermining network effectiveness by
partitioning the network, such that important event information do not reach the base stations. Several
techniques based on secret sharing and multi-path routing have been proposed in the literature to overcome
black hole attacks in the network. However, these techniques are not very effective, and as we demonstrate, they
may even end up making black hole attacks more effective. Propose an efficient technique that uses multiple base
stations deployed in the network to counter the impact of black holes on data transmission, using java simulator
and performance compare with multiple base station and without multiple base station to prevent black hole
attacks. It implemented using Net bean IDE Java network simulator .
Network Security Enhancement in WSN by Detecting Misbehavioural Activity as C...ijtsrd
This system proposes a centralized system for replica identification. The network is divided into segments and an inspection node is chosen for each segment. Inspection node identifies a clone node by checking the nodes ID and cryptographic key. In this process, Chord algorithm is used to detect the clone node, every node is assigned with random key, before it transmits the data it has to give its key which would be verified by the witness node. If same key is given by another node then the witness node identifies the cloned node. Here every node only needs to know the neighbor list containing all neighbor IDs and its location. In this scheme, Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol EECP protocol is used to implement different energy saving methods. Dr. B. R. Tapas Bapu | Hemavathi S U | Poonkuzhali K | Sweety J "Network Security Enhancement in WSN by Detecting Misbehavioural Activity as Copy Cat Nodes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31257.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/31257/network-security-enhancement-in-wsn-by-detecting-misbehavioural-activity-as-copy-cat-nodes/dr-b-r-tapas-bapu
Protocols for detection of node replication attack on wireless sensor networkIOSR Journals
This document summarizes two techniques for detecting node replication attacks in wireless sensor networks: centralized detection and distributed detection. Centralized detection involves nodes reporting information to a base station, which can detect replication by identifying conflicting location claims for the same node ID. Distributed detection techniques like witness-based strategies and deployment knowledge allow nodes to detect replication locally without a base station through methods like node broadcasting claims to witness nodes. The document analyzes the advantages and limitations of each approach.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Detection of Distributed Clone Attacks for Safety Transactions in WSNIJTET Journal
Abstract - Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) are usually deployed in hostile environments wherever associate degree person will physically capture a number of the nodes, first will reprogram, and then, will replicate them in an exceedingly sizable amount of clones, simply taking management over the network. Some distributed solutions to handle this basic drawback are recently projected. However, these solutions don't seem to be satisfactory. First, they are energy and memory demanding: a significant downside for any protocol to be employed in the WSN- resource strained surroundings. Further, they are risk of the particular person models introduced during this paper. The contributions of this work are threefold. First, the desirable properties of a distributed mechanism for the detection of node duplication attacks are examined. Second, the far-famed solutions for this drawback is shown and don't fully meet the required needs. Third, a replacement self-healing, Randomized, Efficient, and Distributed (RED) protocol for the detection of node replication attacks is projected, and it's shown that it satisfies the introduced needs. The novel Implementation specifies that the user can specify its ID, Location ID (LID), Random range (RN), Destination ID (DID) alongside Destination LID, to the Witness Node (WN). The witness can verify the internally finite user ID with the user given ID. If the verification is success, the packets are sent to the destination. A changed RED theme (MRED) is projected to spot biological research attacks within the network.
The document summarizes research on preserving source location privacy in wireless sensor networks. It proposes using computer-based image recognition to analyze traffic patterns and detect modified data packets. The key points are:
1) Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks that can reveal the location of data sources. Existing solutions have limitations like increased energy use.
2) The paper proposes using computer-based image recognition to analyze traffic and identify packets whose delivery was delayed, indicating modification by an attacker.
3) If the attacking node is identified, it would be removed from the network. This approach aims to effectively preserve source location privacy against traffic analysis attacks.
Efficient Detection Of Selfish Node In Manet Using A Colloborative WatchdogIJERA Editor
Mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET) are collected many number of nodes.In a mobile ad-hoc network(MANET)
undertakes that all the mobile nodes unitewillingly in order to work accurately.This is a cost –intensive action
for the collaboration and particular nodes can decline to cooperate then it will prominent to a selfish node
behaviour.Thus, it will utterly affect the global network performance.The watchdogs are a well-known device
used for identifying a selfish node.Theprocedure performed by watchdogs can fail,generating false positives
and false negatives this may convince to wrong operation.Whenidentifying selfish node trusting on local
watchdogs only can prime to poor performance,in terms of precision and speed.Thus we propose collaborative
contact based watchdog(COCOWA) as a collaborative method based on the dispersion of selfish nodes
responsiveness when a contact occurs,so the evidence will quickly circulated about selfish nodes. As shown in
the paper,whenidentifying a selfish nodes this collaborative approach decreases the time and rises the precision
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
The document proposes a new Randomized, Efficient, and Distributed (RED) protocol for detecting clone attacks in wireless sensor networks. It analyzes existing solutions and identifies their shortcomings. The key contributions are:
1) Analyzing desirable properties for distributed clone detection mechanisms.
2) Showing that existing solutions like LSM do not fully meet these requirements.
3) Proposing the new RED protocol and proving it satisfies the requirements. Extensive simulations show RED is more efficient and effective at clone detection than other distributed protocols.
Malicious Node Detection Mechanism for Wireless Ad Hoc NetworkCSCJournals
With the popularity of intelligent electronics which rely on wireless communication in the post-PC era, computing devices have become cheaper, smaller, more mobile and more pervasive in daily lives. Construction of wireless ad hoc network becomes more and more convenient. However, the deployment of sensor nodes in an unattended environment makes the networks vulnerable to a variety of potential attacks. We present a malicious node detection mechanism. In using a monitoring mechanism to detect suspicious behavior, and on the basis of the responses from other monitoring nodes, if the number of suspicious entries concerning a particular node reaches a set threshold, that node is declared malicious. The simulation results show that the time it takes to detect a malicious node is decreased when there are more nodes in the network, and that it provides a fast and efficient way to detect malicious nodes.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
DTADA: Distributed Trusted Agent Based Detection Approach For Doline And Sen...IOSR Journals
This document proposes a distributed trusted agent-based approach (DTADA) to detect and defend against cloning attacks and sinkhole attacks in wireless sensor networks. DTADA uses mobile agents that can move between nodes to detect attacks in a distributed manner without relying on a centralized authority. The mobile agents are programmed to identify inconsistencies that would indicate a cloning or sinkhole attack has occurred. The document reviews related work on centralized and local detection methods and their limitations. It then describes how DTADA uses mobile agents to efficiently detect attacks in a distributed way without high communication or energy costs.
Robust encryption algorithm based sht in wireless sensor networksijdpsjournal
In bound applications, the locations
of events reportable by a device network have to be compelled to stay
anonymous. That is, unauthorized observers should be unable to notice the origin of such events by
analyzing the network traffic. I analyze 2 forms of downsides: Communication overhead a
nd machine load
problem. During this paper, I gift a brand new framework for modeling, analyzing, and evaluating
obscurity in device networks. The novelty of the proposed framework is twofold: initial, it introduc
es the
notion of “interval indistinguishabi
lity” and provides a quantitative live to model obscurity in wireless
device networks; second, it maps supply obscurity to the applied mathematics downside I showed that
the
present approaches for coming up with statistically anonymous systems introduce co
rrelation in real
intervals whereas faux area unit unrelated. I show however mapping supply obscurity to consecutive
hypothesis testing with nuisance Parameters ends up in changing the matter of exposing non
-
public supply
data into checking out associate d
egree applicable knowledge transformation that removes or minimize the
impact of the nuisance data victimization sturdy cryptography algorithmic rule. By doing therefore,
I
remodel the matter of analyzing real valued sample points to binary codes, that ope
ns the door for
committal to writing theory to be incorporated into the study of anonymous networks. In existing wor
k,
unable to notice unauthorized observer in network traffic. However our work in the main supported
enhances their supply obscurity against
correlation check. the most goal of supply location privacy is to
cover the existence of real events.
An enhancing security for mobile sinks by providing location privacy in wsneSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Authentic Data Exchange in Wireless Sensor Networks Ensuring Integrity and Co...AM Publications,India
This task is expected to give Authentication, respectability and secrecy in remote sensor systems (WSNs). Information trade between sensor hubs and the CHN is encoded utilizing symmetric key encryption framework. CHN gathers the entire message from sensor hubs and by utilizing accumulation calculation, it totals the messages. The information trade between the CHN and Sink is encoded utilizing open key encryption framework for validness and privacy. If there should arise an occurrence of static hubs in remote sensor organizes, the CHN which has totaled the encoded message from source hubs encodes the amassed message utilizing its own particular private key to demonstrate realness and again scrambles utilizing open key of the sink to guarantee privacy and sends it to the sink. The Sink on getting the message from CHN unscrambles the message utilizing its own particular private key and the again decodes utilizing open key of CHN. If there should arise an occurrence of portable hubs in remote sensor organizes, the CHN is chosen in view of the lingering vitality as essential parameter utilizing the R-HEED calculation (Rotated Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering). At that point the CHN does likewise handle as on account of static hubs. It guarantees that the message is not modified or adjusted by the assailant. It additionally guarantees that the aggressor can't get the information from CHN to sink and the information is genuine. Confirmation is given by the private key and Confidentiality is given by general society key.
Securing the Data Communication between the Neighboring Sensor Nodes using Bi...IJMTST Journal
Privacy of data is one of the most important concept in wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks are used in many areas likewise in tracking and monitoring of some events. Each sensor node has one private key and an assigned id. We are providing data confidentiality between the sensor nodes in wireless sensor network using bilinear pairing (diffie-hellman algorithm). Sharing of data between those neighbouring nodes is also secured with the concept of shared secret key(symmetric key cryptography). Content privacy and context privacy can be obtained and the threats regarding to it can be overcomed. Data is encrypted between the nodes using those shared secret keys. We are providing security for the data between the neighbouring nodes in wireless sensor networks.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
CROSS LAYER INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKIJNSA Journal
The wireless sensor networks (WSN) are particularly vulnerable to various attacks at different layers of the protocol stack. Many intrusion detection system (IDS) have been proposed to secure WSNs. But all these systems operate in a single layer of the OSI model, or do not consider the interaction and collaboration between these layers. Consequently these systems are mostly inefficient and would drain out the WSN. In this paper we propose a new intrusion detection system based on cross layer interaction between the network, Mac and physical layers. Indeed we have addressed the problem of intrusion detection in a different way in which the concept of cross layer is widely used leading to the birth of a new type of IDS. We have experimentally evaluated our system using the NS simulator to demonstrate its effectiveness in detecting different types of attacks at multiple layers of the OSI model.
A key management approach for wireless sensor networksZac Darcy
In this paper we presenta key management approach for wireless sensor networks. This approach
facilitating an efficient scalable post-distribution key establishment that provides different security services.
We have developed and tested this approach under TinyOs. Result shows that this approach provides
acceptable resistance against node capture attacks and replay attacks. The provision of security services is
completely transparent to the user of the WSNs. Furthermore, being highly scalable and lightweight, this
approach is appropriate to be used in a wireless sensor network of hundreds of nodes.
An Efficient Security Way of Authentication and Pair wise Key Distribution wi...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Node clone detection using a stable overlay network IJECEIAES
Wireless sensor networks consist of number of sensor nodes widely distributed in particular region to communicate and sharing the environmental information and also these data‟s are stored in central location for further data prediction. Such nodes are susceptible to cloning attack where the adversary captures a node, replicates with the same identity as that of the captured node and deploys the clone back into the network, causing severe harm to the network. Hence to thwart such attacks, a distributed detection protocol is used with initiator-observer-inspector roles assigned randomly for the nodes to witness the clone and thereby broadcast the evidence through a balanced overlay network. Use of such balanced network provides high security level and reduces the communication cost when compared to other overlay networks with a reasonably less storage consumption.
The document analyzes the likelihood of intruder detection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) distributed uniformly, Gaussianly, and cohesively. It finds that cohesive networks have the highest detection likelihood as sensing range increases, followed by Gaussian and uniform distributions. The detection probability is calculated for single and multiple sensor detection models under varying parameters like sensing range, number of sensors, and intrusion distance. Clustering sensors improves energy efficiency without impacting intruder detection performance.
Detection of Various Attacks using Zero Knowledge Protocol in Wireless Securityijceronline
The security mechanism are not used directly in wireless sensor networks compare to wired networks, there is no user control and insufficient energy resources. In wireless environment, proposing the scheme of detection of distributed sensor cloning attacks and Zero knowledge protocols (ZKP) are used to verifying authenticity of the sender sensor nodes. Cloning attack is concentrate on by attaching fingerprint which is unique that depends on the set of neighboring nodes and itself. Every message contains a finger print which sensor node sends.ZKP is used to avoid man in the middle attack and reply attacks from the important cryptographic information in wireless networks.
Elimination of wormhole attacker node in manet using performance evaluation m...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new method for detecting wormhole attacker nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The method detects malicious nodes based on analyzing hop counts and time delays in routes, without requiring any special hardware or protocol modifications. The proposed method is simulated using OPNET software with scenarios of 50 nodes, both with and without wormhole attacks. The results show that without prevention, a wormhole attack decreases average hop count and increases delays. However, when the proposed method is applied, it is able to detect the attacker nodes and avoid their paths, regaining normal hop counts and delays.
Node detection technique for node replication attack in mobile sensor networkRamesh Patriotic
This document proposes a new technique for detecting node replication attacks in mobile sensor networks. It summarizes existing detection methods and their limitations. The proposed method divides the network into clusters monitored by cluster heads. When a node enters a cluster, the cluster head checks its identity and velocity, which is encrypted and stored in the node. If another node in the cluster has the same identity but different velocity, it is identified as a replica. The technique aims to improve energy efficiency, detection accuracy, and reduce packet drops compared to existing centralized and distributed detection methods.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
LOCATION BASED DETECTION OF REPLICATION ATTACKS AND COLLUDING ATTACKSEditor IJCATR
Wireless sensor networks gains its importance because of the critical applications in which it is involved like
industrial automation, healthcare applications, military and surveillance. Among security attacks in wireless sensor
networks we consider an active attack, NODE REPLICATION attack and COLLUDING attack. We use localized
algorithms, ((ie) replication detection is done at the node level and eliminated without the intervention of the base
station) to solve replication attacks and colluding attacks. Replication attacks are detected to using a unique key pair
and cryptographic hash function. We propose to use XED and EED algorithm[1] ( authenticates the node and tries to
reduce the replication) , with this using the Event detected location , non-beacon node is used to find the location of a
malicious node and by a simple threshold verification we identify malicious clusters
Detection of Replica Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network: A SurveyIOSR Journals
This document summarizes research on detecting replica nodes in wireless sensor networks. It first discusses how adversaries can create replica nodes by compromising sensor nodes and stealing their keying materials. It then reviews various approaches for replica node detection, including using tamper-resistant hardware, randomized efficient distributed protocols, and leveraging knowledge of sensor deployment locations. The document proposes a new scheme using sequential probability ratio testing to detect mobile replica nodes based on analyzing the speeds between consecutive location claims from sensor nodes. This approach aims to quickly detect replica nodes compared to existing techniques.
Efficient Detection Of Selfish Node In Manet Using A Colloborative WatchdogIJERA Editor
Mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET) are collected many number of nodes.In a mobile ad-hoc network(MANET)
undertakes that all the mobile nodes unitewillingly in order to work accurately.This is a cost –intensive action
for the collaboration and particular nodes can decline to cooperate then it will prominent to a selfish node
behaviour.Thus, it will utterly affect the global network performance.The watchdogs are a well-known device
used for identifying a selfish node.Theprocedure performed by watchdogs can fail,generating false positives
and false negatives this may convince to wrong operation.Whenidentifying selfish node trusting on local
watchdogs only can prime to poor performance,in terms of precision and speed.Thus we propose collaborative
contact based watchdog(COCOWA) as a collaborative method based on the dispersion of selfish nodes
responsiveness when a contact occurs,so the evidence will quickly circulated about selfish nodes. As shown in
the paper,whenidentifying a selfish nodes this collaborative approach decreases the time and rises the precision
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
The document proposes a new Randomized, Efficient, and Distributed (RED) protocol for detecting clone attacks in wireless sensor networks. It analyzes existing solutions and identifies their shortcomings. The key contributions are:
1) Analyzing desirable properties for distributed clone detection mechanisms.
2) Showing that existing solutions like LSM do not fully meet these requirements.
3) Proposing the new RED protocol and proving it satisfies the requirements. Extensive simulations show RED is more efficient and effective at clone detection than other distributed protocols.
Malicious Node Detection Mechanism for Wireless Ad Hoc NetworkCSCJournals
With the popularity of intelligent electronics which rely on wireless communication in the post-PC era, computing devices have become cheaper, smaller, more mobile and more pervasive in daily lives. Construction of wireless ad hoc network becomes more and more convenient. However, the deployment of sensor nodes in an unattended environment makes the networks vulnerable to a variety of potential attacks. We present a malicious node detection mechanism. In using a monitoring mechanism to detect suspicious behavior, and on the basis of the responses from other monitoring nodes, if the number of suspicious entries concerning a particular node reaches a set threshold, that node is declared malicious. The simulation results show that the time it takes to detect a malicious node is decreased when there are more nodes in the network, and that it provides a fast and efficient way to detect malicious nodes.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
DTADA: Distributed Trusted Agent Based Detection Approach For Doline And Sen...IOSR Journals
This document proposes a distributed trusted agent-based approach (DTADA) to detect and defend against cloning attacks and sinkhole attacks in wireless sensor networks. DTADA uses mobile agents that can move between nodes to detect attacks in a distributed manner without relying on a centralized authority. The mobile agents are programmed to identify inconsistencies that would indicate a cloning or sinkhole attack has occurred. The document reviews related work on centralized and local detection methods and their limitations. It then describes how DTADA uses mobile agents to efficiently detect attacks in a distributed way without high communication or energy costs.
Robust encryption algorithm based sht in wireless sensor networksijdpsjournal
In bound applications, the locations
of events reportable by a device network have to be compelled to stay
anonymous. That is, unauthorized observers should be unable to notice the origin of such events by
analyzing the network traffic. I analyze 2 forms of downsides: Communication overhead a
nd machine load
problem. During this paper, I gift a brand new framework for modeling, analyzing, and evaluating
obscurity in device networks. The novelty of the proposed framework is twofold: initial, it introduc
es the
notion of “interval indistinguishabi
lity” and provides a quantitative live to model obscurity in wireless
device networks; second, it maps supply obscurity to the applied mathematics downside I showed that
the
present approaches for coming up with statistically anonymous systems introduce co
rrelation in real
intervals whereas faux area unit unrelated. I show however mapping supply obscurity to consecutive
hypothesis testing with nuisance Parameters ends up in changing the matter of exposing non
-
public supply
data into checking out associate d
egree applicable knowledge transformation that removes or minimize the
impact of the nuisance data victimization sturdy cryptography algorithmic rule. By doing therefore,
I
remodel the matter of analyzing real valued sample points to binary codes, that ope
ns the door for
committal to writing theory to be incorporated into the study of anonymous networks. In existing wor
k,
unable to notice unauthorized observer in network traffic. However our work in the main supported
enhances their supply obscurity against
correlation check. the most goal of supply location privacy is to
cover the existence of real events.
An enhancing security for mobile sinks by providing location privacy in wsneSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Authentic Data Exchange in Wireless Sensor Networks Ensuring Integrity and Co...AM Publications,India
This task is expected to give Authentication, respectability and secrecy in remote sensor systems (WSNs). Information trade between sensor hubs and the CHN is encoded utilizing symmetric key encryption framework. CHN gathers the entire message from sensor hubs and by utilizing accumulation calculation, it totals the messages. The information trade between the CHN and Sink is encoded utilizing open key encryption framework for validness and privacy. If there should arise an occurrence of static hubs in remote sensor organizes, the CHN which has totaled the encoded message from source hubs encodes the amassed message utilizing its own particular private key to demonstrate realness and again scrambles utilizing open key of the sink to guarantee privacy and sends it to the sink. The Sink on getting the message from CHN unscrambles the message utilizing its own particular private key and the again decodes utilizing open key of CHN. If there should arise an occurrence of portable hubs in remote sensor organizes, the CHN is chosen in view of the lingering vitality as essential parameter utilizing the R-HEED calculation (Rotated Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering). At that point the CHN does likewise handle as on account of static hubs. It guarantees that the message is not modified or adjusted by the assailant. It additionally guarantees that the aggressor can't get the information from CHN to sink and the information is genuine. Confirmation is given by the private key and Confidentiality is given by general society key.
Securing the Data Communication between the Neighboring Sensor Nodes using Bi...IJMTST Journal
Privacy of data is one of the most important concept in wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks are used in many areas likewise in tracking and monitoring of some events. Each sensor node has one private key and an assigned id. We are providing data confidentiality between the sensor nodes in wireless sensor network using bilinear pairing (diffie-hellman algorithm). Sharing of data between those neighbouring nodes is also secured with the concept of shared secret key(symmetric key cryptography). Content privacy and context privacy can be obtained and the threats regarding to it can be overcomed. Data is encrypted between the nodes using those shared secret keys. We are providing security for the data between the neighbouring nodes in wireless sensor networks.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
CROSS LAYER INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKIJNSA Journal
The wireless sensor networks (WSN) are particularly vulnerable to various attacks at different layers of the protocol stack. Many intrusion detection system (IDS) have been proposed to secure WSNs. But all these systems operate in a single layer of the OSI model, or do not consider the interaction and collaboration between these layers. Consequently these systems are mostly inefficient and would drain out the WSN. In this paper we propose a new intrusion detection system based on cross layer interaction between the network, Mac and physical layers. Indeed we have addressed the problem of intrusion detection in a different way in which the concept of cross layer is widely used leading to the birth of a new type of IDS. We have experimentally evaluated our system using the NS simulator to demonstrate its effectiveness in detecting different types of attacks at multiple layers of the OSI model.
A key management approach for wireless sensor networksZac Darcy
In this paper we presenta key management approach for wireless sensor networks. This approach
facilitating an efficient scalable post-distribution key establishment that provides different security services.
We have developed and tested this approach under TinyOs. Result shows that this approach provides
acceptable resistance against node capture attacks and replay attacks. The provision of security services is
completely transparent to the user of the WSNs. Furthermore, being highly scalable and lightweight, this
approach is appropriate to be used in a wireless sensor network of hundreds of nodes.
An Efficient Security Way of Authentication and Pair wise Key Distribution wi...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Node clone detection using a stable overlay network IJECEIAES
Wireless sensor networks consist of number of sensor nodes widely distributed in particular region to communicate and sharing the environmental information and also these data‟s are stored in central location for further data prediction. Such nodes are susceptible to cloning attack where the adversary captures a node, replicates with the same identity as that of the captured node and deploys the clone back into the network, causing severe harm to the network. Hence to thwart such attacks, a distributed detection protocol is used with initiator-observer-inspector roles assigned randomly for the nodes to witness the clone and thereby broadcast the evidence through a balanced overlay network. Use of such balanced network provides high security level and reduces the communication cost when compared to other overlay networks with a reasonably less storage consumption.
The document analyzes the likelihood of intruder detection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) distributed uniformly, Gaussianly, and cohesively. It finds that cohesive networks have the highest detection likelihood as sensing range increases, followed by Gaussian and uniform distributions. The detection probability is calculated for single and multiple sensor detection models under varying parameters like sensing range, number of sensors, and intrusion distance. Clustering sensors improves energy efficiency without impacting intruder detection performance.
Detection of Various Attacks using Zero Knowledge Protocol in Wireless Securityijceronline
The security mechanism are not used directly in wireless sensor networks compare to wired networks, there is no user control and insufficient energy resources. In wireless environment, proposing the scheme of detection of distributed sensor cloning attacks and Zero knowledge protocols (ZKP) are used to verifying authenticity of the sender sensor nodes. Cloning attack is concentrate on by attaching fingerprint which is unique that depends on the set of neighboring nodes and itself. Every message contains a finger print which sensor node sends.ZKP is used to avoid man in the middle attack and reply attacks from the important cryptographic information in wireless networks.
Elimination of wormhole attacker node in manet using performance evaluation m...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new method for detecting wormhole attacker nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The method detects malicious nodes based on analyzing hop counts and time delays in routes, without requiring any special hardware or protocol modifications. The proposed method is simulated using OPNET software with scenarios of 50 nodes, both with and without wormhole attacks. The results show that without prevention, a wormhole attack decreases average hop count and increases delays. However, when the proposed method is applied, it is able to detect the attacker nodes and avoid their paths, regaining normal hop counts and delays.
Node detection technique for node replication attack in mobile sensor networkRamesh Patriotic
This document proposes a new technique for detecting node replication attacks in mobile sensor networks. It summarizes existing detection methods and their limitations. The proposed method divides the network into clusters monitored by cluster heads. When a node enters a cluster, the cluster head checks its identity and velocity, which is encrypted and stored in the node. If another node in the cluster has the same identity but different velocity, it is identified as a replica. The technique aims to improve energy efficiency, detection accuracy, and reduce packet drops compared to existing centralized and distributed detection methods.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
LOCATION BASED DETECTION OF REPLICATION ATTACKS AND COLLUDING ATTACKSEditor IJCATR
Wireless sensor networks gains its importance because of the critical applications in which it is involved like
industrial automation, healthcare applications, military and surveillance. Among security attacks in wireless sensor
networks we consider an active attack, NODE REPLICATION attack and COLLUDING attack. We use localized
algorithms, ((ie) replication detection is done at the node level and eliminated without the intervention of the base
station) to solve replication attacks and colluding attacks. Replication attacks are detected to using a unique key pair
and cryptographic hash function. We propose to use XED and EED algorithm[1] ( authenticates the node and tries to
reduce the replication) , with this using the Event detected location , non-beacon node is used to find the location of a
malicious node and by a simple threshold verification we identify malicious clusters
Detection of Replica Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network: A SurveyIOSR Journals
This document summarizes research on detecting replica nodes in wireless sensor networks. It first discusses how adversaries can create replica nodes by compromising sensor nodes and stealing their keying materials. It then reviews various approaches for replica node detection, including using tamper-resistant hardware, randomized efficient distributed protocols, and leveraging knowledge of sensor deployment locations. The document proposes a new scheme using sequential probability ratio testing to detect mobile replica nodes based on analyzing the speeds between consecutive location claims from sensor nodes. This approach aims to quickly detect replica nodes compared to existing techniques.
This document summarizes research on detecting replica nodes in wireless sensor networks. It first discusses how adversaries can create replica nodes by compromising sensor nodes and stealing their keying materials. It then reviews various approaches for replica node detection, including using tamper-resistant hardware, randomized efficient distributed protocols, and leveraging knowledge of sensor deployment locations. The document proposes a new scheme using sequential probability ratio testing to detect mobile replica nodes based on analyzing the speeds between consecutive location claims from sensor nodes. This approach aims to quickly detect replica nodes compared to existing techniques.
misrouting attack in wireless sensor networks under replication attack. agent based security schemes in Security schemes for wireless sensor networks. International journal paper on wireless sensor networks.
ENHANCED THREE TIER SECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR WSN AGAINST MOBILE SINK REPLI...ijwmn
Recent developments on Wireless Sensor Networks have made their application in a wide range
such as military sensing and tracking, health monitoring, traffic monitoring, video surveillance and so on.
Wireless sensor nodes are restricted to computational resources, and are always deployed in a harsh,
unattended or unfriendly environment. Therefore, network security becomes a tough task and it involves
the authorization of admittance to data in a network. The problem of authentication and pair wise key
establishment in sensor networks with mobile sink is still not solved in the mobile sink replication attacks.
In q-composite key pre distribution scheme, a large number of keys are compromised by capturing a
small fraction of sensor nodes by the attacker. The attacker can easily take a control of the entire network
by deploying a replicated mobile sinks. Those mobile sinks which are preloaded with compromised keys
are used authenticate and initiate data communication with sensor node. To determine the above problem
the system adduces the three-tier security framework for authentication and pair wise key establishment
between mobile sinks and sensor nodes. The previous system used the polynomial key pre distribution
scheme for the sensor networks which handles sink mobility and continuous data delivery to the
neighbouring nodes and sinks, but this scheme makes high computational cost and reduces the life time of
sensors. In order to overcome this problem a random pair wise key pre distribution scheme is suggested
and further it helps to improve the network resilience. In addition to this an Identity Based Encryption is
used to encrypt the data and Mutual authentication scheme is proposed for the identification and
isolation of replicated mobile sink from the network.
A simple and effective scheme to find malicious node in wireless sensor networkeSAT Journals
Abstract Wireless Sensor Network consists of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes. Impractical to maintain topology and protect each sensor nodes from attack. Wireless Sensor Network is often deployed in an unattended and hostile environment to perform the monitoring and data collection tasks. When sensor nodes are deployed in such an environment, sensor network lacks in physical protection and is subject to insertion of malicious node. After that an adversary may launch various attacks to disrupt the in-network communication through malicious node. In such attacks malicious node behave like normal nodes by selectively drop packets for make it harder to detect their malicious nature. Many schemes have been proposed to detect malicious nodes, but very few can identify attacks. But those proposals are send redundant packets, consume more energy and storage to identify malicious nodes. A simple and effective scheme proposed as Stop Transmit and Listen (STL) to find the malicious node. Each node is having the built-in time limit to stop their transmission. For every few seconds every node stops their transmission and listens for malicious behavior. Malicious nodes are not aware of non-transmitting time. If malicious node sends or forwards the data in non-transmitting time, malicious node is caught by their neighbor nodes in the network. Key Words: IDS, Secure Routing Protocol, Stop Transmit and Listen
A simple and effective scheme to find malicious node in wireless sensor networkeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET- Low Priced and Energy Economical Detection of Replicas for Wireles...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a low-cost and energy-efficient solution to detect replica nodes in static wireless sensor networks. Existing solutions require expensive hardware like GPS receivers, but the proposed solution does not need any additional hardware. It uses Bloom filters and a sequential delivery algorithm to detect replicas. Through simulations, the proposed solution shows similar or better replica detection performance compared to existing solutions, while consuming less energy in most cases. The solution aims to provide an efficient and low-cost replica detection system for wireless sensor networks.
Sybil Attack Analysis and Detection Techniques in MANETrahulmonikasharma
Security is important for many sensor network applications. A particularly harmful attack against sensor and ad hoc networks is known as the Sybil attack [6], where a node Illegitimately claims multiple identities.Mobility cause a main problem when we talk about security in Mobile Ad-hoc networks. It doesn’t depend on fixed architecture, the nodes are continuously moving in a random fashion. In this article we will focus on identifying the Sybil attack in MANET. It uses air medium for communication so it is more prone to the attack. Sybil attack is one in which single node present multiple fake identities to other nodes, which cause destruction.
A Key Management Approach For Wireless Sensor NetworksZac Darcy
In this paper we presenta key management approach for wireless sensor networks. This approach
facilitating an efficient scalable post-distribution key establishment that provides different security services.
We have developed and tested this approach under TinyOs. Result shows that this approach provides
acceptable resistance against node capture attacks and replay attacks. The provision of security services is
completely transparent to the user of the WSNs. Furthermore, being highly scalable and lightweight, this
approach is appropriate to be used in a wireless sensor network of hundreds of nodes.
A Key Management Approach For Wireless Sensor NetworksZac Darcy
In this paper we presenta key management approach for wireless sensor networks. This approach
facilitating an efficient scalable post-distribution key establishment that provides different security services.
We have developed and tested this approach under TinyOs. Result shows that this approach provides
acceptable resistance against node capture attacks and replay attacks. The provision of security services is
completely transparent to the user of the WSNs. Furthermore, being highly scalable and lightweight, this
approach is appropriate to be used in a wireless sensor network of hundreds of nodes.
Study on Vulnerabilities, Attack and Security Controls on Wireless Sensor Net...ijtsrd
In this fast evolving world of technology where security plays a major role, the threats to security is also increasing rapidly. The world aims to go wireless in all the fields, and the wireless sensor networks is also one such major field. The sensors which can sense its environment based on the functions allocated. It retrieves the data of its surrounding and sends it to the authorized location for further analysis. But as technology grows, the attacks on the system also increases due to the vulnerabilities in the system. Hence security plays a major role in the evolution of technology. This paper mainly concentrates on the vulnerabilities, the attacks possible due to vulnerabilities in the system and the counter measures to be taken to overcome the vulnerabilities. Dr. C. Umarani | R P Shruti "Study on Vulnerabilities, Attack and Security Controls on Wireless Sensor Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35738.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/35738/study-on-vulnerabilities-attack-and-security-controls-on-wireless-sensor-networks/dr-c-umarani
A Comparative Study for Source Privacy Preserving and Message Authentication ...AM Publications
Source node privacy and message authentication are the most important issues to be addressed in wireless sensor networks. Many schemes have come up to deal with message authentication. However, some of the schemes have stood by with some limitations like lack of scalability and high communication and computational overhead. Later these issues were solved by a polynomial based scheme, but failed to transmit number of messages beyond its threshold. To overcome this limitation an ECC and RSA algorithm has been used. To fix all these issues, a source node privacy based message authentication using Greedy Random walk algorithm has been proposed in this paper. A comparative study is done for the work that is implemented using ns2 and matlab.
Intrusion detection in heterogeneous network by multipath routing based toler...eSAT Journals
Abstract The key theory of our redundancy management is to achieve the tradeoff between energy consumption vs. the gain in timeliness, security, and reliability to increase the system useful lifetime. A Innovative probability model to analyze the best redundancy level in terms of source redundancy, path redundancy and as well as the best intrusion detection settings in terms of the number of voters and the intrusion invocation break under which the lifetime of a HWSN [Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network] is maximized. In redundancy management “badmouthing” is the major problem in managing the redundancy. This badmouthing is malicious node which will never drop the packet even after knowing that the packet has been sent already. In this paper we propose a new scheme to overcome the problem of badmouthing by weighted based voting, this protocol will weight (Success Rate) all the nodes in the network to find the non-malicious node in the network which having more packet drop. In “weighted voting” main function is to find trust/reputation of neighbor nodes, as well as to tackle the “what paths to use” problem in multipath routing decision making for intrusion tolerance in WSNs. Keywords: Bad mouthing, Wireless Sensor Network, Weighted Based Voting, HWSN.
Intrusion detection in heterogeneous network by multipath routing based toler...eSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new scheme called weighted-based voting to overcome the problem of "badmouthing" attacks in wireless sensor networks with multipath routing. Badmouthing occurs when malicious nodes fail to drop packets even after knowing the packet was already delivered. The weighted-based voting protocol assigns weights based on success rates to identify trusted nodes. It uses weighted voting to make multipath routing decisions and remove malicious nodes detected by a distributed intrusion detection system based on votes from random voter nodes. The goal is to maximize network lifetime while satisfying quality of service requirements in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.
Adopting hybrid cryptography technique for reduction of network overhead in m...eSAT Journals
Abstract Mobile Ad Hoc Network is a infrastructure less network it is one of the most important and highly unusual application, which is famous among critical operations like warfare use, emergency recovery because of its self configuring nature of nodes. MANETs does not require any centralized administration, it dynamically forms a temporary network with the changing topology. Due to its open environment and irregular distribution of nodes MANET is vulnerable to malicious attack hence a new intrusion detection system named EAACK is introduced. This scheme demonstrates the complexity of malicious behavior detection rate in certain situations without greatly affecting the network performance. EAACK is a acknowledgment based intrusion detection system it is required to ensure that all the acknowledgment packets are authentic and unattained hence all the packets are signed digitally before they are sent out and till the receiver accepts, due to the usage of both digital signature and acknowledgment packet it causes a great network overhead. This paper proposes and enforces a hybrid cryptography technique in order to minimize the network overhead caused by digital signature. Keywords: EAACK, Hash algorithm, Wi_max 802.16, Caesar cipher, XOR cipher, XTEA.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
The document summarizes research on detecting node replication attacks in mobile sensor networks. It discusses challenges in applying existing witness-finding strategies from static networks to mobile ones due to nodes' changing locations over time. Existing velocity-exceeding detection methods rely on centralized processing at the base station, incurring single point of failure issues. The paper then proposes localized detection algorithms that can effectively detect node replication in a distributed manner without requiring network-wide synchronization or revocation. The algorithms aim to overcome limitations of prior work in efficiently detecting replicas in mobile sensor networks.
A Study on Security in Wireless Sensor Networksijtsrd
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) present myriad application opportunities for several applications such as precision agriculture, environmental and habitat monitoring, traffic control, industrial process monitoring and control, home automation and mission-critical surveillance applications such as military surveillance, healthcare (elderly, home monitoring) applications, disaster relief and management, fire detection applications among others. Since WSNs are used in mission-critical tasks, security is an essential requirement. Sensor nodes can easily be compromised by an adversary due to unique constraints inherent in WSNs such as limited sensor node energy, limited computation and communication capabilities and the hostile deployment environments. Shabnam Kumari | Sumit Dalal | Rashmi"A Study on Security in Wireless Sensor Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12931.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/12931/a-study-on-security-in-wireless-sensor-networks/shabnam-kumari
Secure and Reliable Data Routing in Wireless Sensor Networkdbpublications
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are materializing as one of the dominant technologies of the future because of their large range of applications in military and civilian fields. Because of their operating behavior, they are often neglected and thus vulnerable to various types of attacks. For instance, an attacker could catch sensor nodes, getting all the information saved therein-sensor nodes are generally considered to not be temper-proof. Hence, an attacker may clone cached sensor nodes and use them in the network to conduct a variety of mischievous activities. As the decisions taken by a sensor network rely on the information gathered by the sensor nodes, if an adversary inhibits the necessary or confidential data from being forwarded to the BS/ target, this will cause the whole breakdown of the network or outcomes in the wrong judgment being made, possibly causing deliberate loss. There are many types of attacks such as compromised node, denial of service attack, black hole attack, etc. Hence there is a necessity to find all such attacks in WSN, and to safely route our sensitive information to the target. This paper represents the survey of some types of attacks and there detection techniques. Also the survey includes different techniques for secure and reliable data collection in Wireless Sensor Networks.
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Data Mining is a significant field in today’s data-driven world. Understanding and implementing its concepts can lead to discovery of useful insights. This paper discusses the main concepts of data mining, focusing on two main concepts namely Association Rule Mining and Time Series Analysis
A Review on Real Time Integrated CCTV System Using Face Detection for Vehicle...rahulmonikasharma
We are describes the technique for real time human face detection and counting the number of passengers in vehicle and also gender of the passengers.The Image processing technology is very popular,now at present all are going to use it for various purpose. It can be applied to various applications for detecting and processing the digital images. Face detection is a part of image processing. It is used for finding the face of human in a given area. Face detection is used in many applications such as face recognition, people tracking, or photography. In this paper,The webcam is installed in public vehicle and connected with Raspberry Pi model. We use face detection technique for detecting and counting the number of passengers in public vehicle via webcam with the help of image processing and Raspberry Pi.
Considering Two Sides of One Review Using Stanford NLP Frameworkrahulmonikasharma
Sentiment analysis is a type of natural language processing for tracking the mood of the public about a particular product or a topic and is useful in several ways. Polarity shift is the most classical task which aims at classifying the reviews either positive or negative. But in many cases, in addition to the positive and negative reviews, there still many neutral reviews exist. However, the performance sometimes limited due to the fundamental deficiencies in handling the polarity shift problem. We propose an Improvised Dual Sentiment Analysis (IDSA) model to address this problem for sentiment classification. We first propose a novel data expansion technique by creating sentiment-reversed review for each training and test review. We develop a corpus based method to construct a pseudo-antonym dictionary. It removes DSA’s dependency on an external antonym dictionary for review reversion. We conduct a range of experiments and the results demonstrates the effectiveness of DSA in addressing the polarity shift in sentiment classification. .
A New Detection and Decoding Technique for (2×N_r ) MIMO Communication Systemsrahulmonikasharma
The requirements of fifth generation new radio (5G- NR) access networks are very high capacity and ultra-reliability. In this paper, we proposed a V-BLAST2 × N_r MIMO system that is analyzed, improved, and expected to achieve both very high throughput and ultra- reliability simultaneously.A new detection technique called parallel detection algorithm is proposed. The performance of the proposed algorithm compared with existing linear detection algorithms. It was seen that the proposed technique increases the speed of signal transmission and prevents error propagation which may be present in serial decoding techniques. The new algorithm reduces the bit error probability and increases the capacity simultaneouslywithout using a standard STC technique. However, it was seen that the BER of systems using the proposed algorithm is slightly higher than a similar system using only STC technique. Simulation results show the advantages of using the proposed technique.
Broadcasting Scenario under Different Protocols in MANET: A Surveyrahulmonikasharma
A wireless network enables people to communicate and access applications and information without wires. This provides freedom of movement and the ability to extend applications to different parts of a building, city, or nearly anywhere in the world. Wireless networks allow people to interact with e-mail or browse the Internet from a location that they prefer. Adhoc Networks are self-organizing wireless networks, absent any fixed infrastructure. broadcasting of data through proper channel is essential. Various protocols are designed to avoid the loss of data. In this paper an overview of different broadcast protocols are discussed.
A Landmark Based Shortest Path Detection by Using A* and Haversine Formularahulmonikasharma
In 1900, less than 20 percent of the world populace lived in cities, in 2007, fair more than 50 percent of the world populace lived in cities. In 2050, it has been anticipated that more than 70 percent of the worldwide population (about 6.4 billion individuals) will be city tenants. There's more weight being set on cities through this increment in population [1]. With approach of keen cities, data and communication technology is progressively transforming the way city regions and city inhabitants organize and work in reaction to urban development. In this paper, we create a nonspecific plot for navigating a route throughout city A asked route is given by utilizing combination of A* Algorithm and Haversine equation. Haversine Equation gives least distance between any two focuses on spherical body by utilizing latitude and longitude. This least distance is at that point given to A* calculation to calculate minimum distance. The method for identifying the shortest path is specify in this paper.
Processing Over Encrypted Query Data In Internet of Things (IoTs) : CryptDBs,...rahulmonikasharma
This document discusses techniques for processing queries over encrypted data in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. It describes CryptDB and MONOMI, which are database systems that can execute SQL queries over encrypted data. CryptDB uses a database proxy to encrypt/decrypt data and rewrite queries to execute on encrypted data. MONOMI builds on CryptDB and introduces a split client/server approach to query execution to improve efficiency of analytical queries over encrypted data. The document also outlines various encryption schemes that can be used for encrypted query processing, including deterministic encryption, order-preserving encryption, homomorphic encryption, and others.
Quality Determination and Grading of Tomatoes using Raspberry Pirahulmonikasharma
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Comparative of Delay Tolerant Network Routings and Scheduling using Max-Weigh...rahulmonikasharma
Network management and Routing is supportively done by performing with the nodes, due to infrastructure-less nature of the network in Ad hoc networks or MANET. The nodes are maintained itself from the functioning of the network, for that reason the MANET security challenges several defects. Routing process and Scheduling is a significant idea to enhance the security in MANET. Other than, scheduling has been recognized to be a key issue for implementing throughput/capacity optimization in Ad hoc networks. Designed underneath conventional (LT) light tailed assumptions, traffic fundamentally faces Heavy-tailed (HT) assumption of the validity of scheduling algorithms. Scheduling policies are utilized for communication networks such as Max-Weight, backpressure and ACO, which are provably throughput optimality and the Pareto frontier of the feasible throughput region under maximal throughput vector. In wireless ad-hoc network, the issue of routing and optimal scheduling performs with time varying channel reliability and multiple traffic streams. Depending upon the security issues within MANETs in this paper presents a comparative analysis of existing scheduling policies based on their performance to progress the delay performance in most scenarios. The security issues of MANETs considered from this paper presents a relative analysis of existing scheduling policies depend on their performance to progress the delay performance in most developments.
DC Conductivity Study of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticlesrahulmonikasharma
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A Survey on Peak to Average Power Ratio Reduction Methods for LTE-OFDMrahulmonikasharma
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Alamouti-STBC based Channel Estimation Technique over MIMO OFDM Systemrahulmonikasharma
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#Abstract:
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#Prerequisites:
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Clone Node Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
1. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 10 99 – 102
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Clone Node Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
K.Anitha1
(Research scholar),
Dept. of Computer Science,
Tamil University,
Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
e-mail : anithameerak@gmail.com
A.Senthilkumar2
(Asst. Professor),
Dept. of Computer Science,
Tamil University,
Thanjavur Tamil Nadu, India.
e-mail : erodesenthilkumar@gmail.com
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often deployed in unfavourable situations where an assailant can physically capture some of
the nodes, first can reprogram, and then, can replicate them in a large number of clones, easily taking control over the network. This replication
node is also called as Clone node. The clone node or replicated node behave as a genuine node. It can damage the network. In node replication
attack detecting the clone node important issue in Wireless Sensor Networks. A few distributed solutions have been recently proposed, but they
are not satisfactory. First, they are intensity and memory demanding: A serious drawback for any protocol to be used in the WSN- resource
constrained environment. In this project first investigate the selection criteria of clone detection schemes with regard to device types, detection
methodologies, deployment strategies, and detection ranges. Further, they are vulnerable to the specific assailant models introduced in this
paper. In this scenario, a particularly dangerous attack is the replica attack, in which the assailant takes the secret keying materials from a
compromised node, generates a large number of assailant-controlled replicas that share the node’s keying materials and ID, and then spreads
these replicas throughout the network. With a single captured node, the assailant can create as many replica nodes as he has the hardware to
generate.. The replica nodes are controlled by the assailant, but have keying materials that allow them to seem like authorized participants in the
network.
Our implementation specifies, user will specify its ID, which means client id, secret key will be create, and then include the port
number. The witness node will verify the internally bounded user Id and secret key. The witness node means original node. If the verification is
success, the information collecting to the packets that packets are send to the destination.
Keywords: Static WSN , Distributed mechanism, Node replication Attacks, Sequential probability ratio test.
__________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________
I INTRODUCTION
In wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes are
deployed in unattended environment and there is no
security. An attacker can easily capture and compromise
sensor node and make replicas of them. The replicas nodes
are duplicate nodes which are created by an adversary make
many replica nodes all having same ID and these replica
nodes[1] are controlled by an adversary. Then these fake
data are injected into a network which may cause eaves
dropping in network communication. The fake data disrupt
the network operations in network communication. Several
replica node detection schemes[2] have been proposed to
defend against in static sensor network and they do not work
well in mobile sensor networks where sensors are expected
to move.
To detect replica node in mobile sensor network,[3]
the proposed system use a new technique called Sequential
Probability Ratio Testing (SPRT). The uncompromised
mobile node should never move at the speed in excess of
system configured maximum speed. The compromised
mobile node measured speeds will be maximum then the
system configured speed because two or more nodes with
the same identity are present in the network. If the system
decides that a node has been replicated based on a single
observation, the nodes moving faster than the system
configuration speed many false positive errors occurred in
speed measurement. If the system decides that a node is
benign based on the single observation, the node moving
less than the system configuration speed now the high false
negative rates occurred. To minimize these false positive
and false negative rates, SPRT a hypothesis testing method
is used. That can make decisions quickly and accurately.
SPRT is performed on every mobile node using null
hypothesis the mobile node has not been replicated and in
alternate hypothesis that it has been replicated. Once the
alternate hypothesis is accepted the replica nodes will be
revoked from the network.
Detection of Replica Node
Replica node attack is a dangerous because they
allow the attacker to leverage the compromise of few nodes
to exert control over much of network. In static sensor
networks replica node detection scheme works well, because
the nodes are static so it is possible to detect
the additional node which has the same sensor node
ID. In mobile sensor networks it is difficult to detect which
node is replica because all the nodes are dynamic.
In replica node attack, an adversary may capture
the node and take the data into his own sensor. Then he
deploys those sensors in to the network for various
2. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 10 99 – 102
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100
IJRITCC | October 2017, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org
_______________________________________________________________________________________
malicious activities. Replica node attack is a dangerous one
since all the replica are having legitimate keys which makes
the replica to be an benign node since there is no difference
between the benign node and replica in terms of their
authentication it is difficult to detect replica. Once the node
is compromised the information get leaked adversary may
inject false data on the node or modifying the data which is
passed between the nodes. So finding the replica node is an
important one for protecting the network from various
attacks. Protection of sensor networks can be done in two
ways: both centralized and distributed approaches are
needed and also needed for static sensor networks and
wireless sensor networks.
Several replica node detection schemes have been
proposed for wireless sensor networks. The primary method
used by the majority of these schemes is to have nodes
report location claims that identify their positions and
attempt to detect colliding reports that indicate one node in
multiple locations. Since this method leverages the location
information for replica detection, it cannot work without the
help of secure localization or GPS techniques. If could
detect replicas without the aid of these techniques, we would
save the detection costs subject to employing these
techniques.
Indeed could detect replicas without the use of
location information in case of replica cluster attacks, in
which multiple replicas of a single compromised node form
a cluster in such a way that they are placed close to each
other in the cluster. Specifically, in replica cluster attacks,
multiple replicas with the same identity and secret keying
materials are placed in the same small regions. All of these
replicas want to maximize their malicious impact on the
network and thus communicate with as many nodes as
possible at the same time. Accordingly, it is highly likely
that the number of nodes with which these replicas would
communicate at a time would be much more than the one of
their benign neighbors. By leveraging this intuition, every
node performs the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT)
on its neighbor node using a null hypothesis that a replica
cluster of the neighbor node does not exist and an alternate
hypothesis that a replica cluster of the neighbor node exists.
In using the SPRT, if the number of communication peers of
a neighbor node falls short of or exceeds a pre-configured
threshold, it will lead to acceptance of the null or alternate
hypotheses, respectively. Once the alternate hypothesis is
accepted, the node will disconnect the communication with
the neighbor node.
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), and
particularly their security issues, have received great
attention recently in both academia and industry. Since tiny
sensor nodes in WSNs have meagre resources for
computation, communication, power, and storage, it is
challenging to provide efficient security functions and
mechanisms for WSNs. Above all, since WSNs are
frequently deployed in hostile environments, sensor nodes
can be captured and compromised easily by an adversary
who may extract secret information from the captured
nodes. After such a compromise, a clone attack can be
launched by replicating the captured nodes and injecting
them sporadically over the networks such that the adversary
can enlarge the compromised areas by employing the clones.
The secret information, such as access keys, extracted from
the captured nodes and still contained in clones, may allow
the adversary to gain access to communication systems
throughout WSNs. For instance, clones would be
authenticated as genuine nodes in a key establishment
scheme of WSNs in different locations, eventually taking
over a local segment or an entire network to launch various
attacks, such as corrupting data aggregation, injecting false
data, and dropping packets selectively. Thus, it is essential
to detect clone nodes promptly for minimizing their
damages to WSNs.
In wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes are
deployed in unattended environment and there is no
security. An attacker can easily capture and compromise
sensor node and make replicas of them. The replicas nodes
are duplicate nodes which are created by an adversary make
many replica nodes all having same ID and these replica
nodes are controlled by an adversary. Then these fake data
are injected into a network which may cause eaves dropping
in network communication. The fake data disrupt the
network operations in network communication. Several
replica node detection schemes have been proposed to
defend against in static sensor network and they do not work
well in mobile sensor networks where sensors are expected
to move.
The simplest defensive measure against the clone
attacks is to prevent an adversary from extracting secret key
materials from captured nodes by virtue of tamper-resistant
hardware. However, the hardware-based defensive measures
are too expensive to be practical for resource-restricted
sensor nodes. Various kinds of software-based clone
detection schemes have recently been proposed for WSNs,
considering many different types of network configuration,
such as device types and deployment strategies. The
limitation of software based clone detection schemes is
undoubtedly that they are not generic, meaning that their
performance and effectiveness may depend upon their
preconfigured network settings. For example, a clone
detection scheme designed for mobile WSNs is useless in
static WSNs. In order to choose an effective detection
scheme for a certain sensor network, it is desirable to have a
set of well-designed selection criteria.
3. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 10 99 – 102
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In this project first investigate the selection criteria
of clone detection schemes with regard to device types,
detection methodologies, deployment strategies and
detection ranges, and then classify the existing schemes
according to the proposed criteria. First, divide static and
mobile sensors according to their mobility. A static sensor
node cannot move, while the location of a mobile sensor
changes depending on operational scenarios. Clone
detection strategies can be classified in this sense as well.
Second, classify the detection schemes to centralized and
distributed schemes[4], i.e., in terms of the ways to collect
and verify evidence of clones. One is that a central node,
such as a base station (BS), acts solely on detecting clones,
and the other is that a group of sensor nodes conduct the
clone detection cooperatively. Third, according to the ways
how to deploy sensor nodes divide them into random
uniform deployment and grid deployment strategies. The
former is that sensor nodes are scattered in a region
randomly, and the latter works in a way that they are placed
in prescheduled zones by dividing a given deployment field
into a number of practical location zones. Finally, according
to clone detection locations, divide the schemes into whole
area and local area detection schemes. In the former
schemes, all sensor nodes work jointly in detecting clones,
but in the latter schemes only a subset of them will conduct
it locally.
To summarize, classify the existing clone detection
schemes based on the following criteria:
1) Device type: static (sensor) versus mobile (sensor);
2) Detection method: centralized (detection) versus
distributed (detection);
3) Deployment strategy: random uniform (deployment)
versus grid (deployment);
4) Detection range: whole (area detection) versus local (area
detection).
II SYSTEM ANALYSIS
EXISTING SYSTEM
The Existed schemes rely only on fixed sensor
locations in static sensor networks. A particularly dangerous
attack is the replica node attack, in which the adversary
takes the secret keying materials from a compromised node.
The adversary can generates a large number of attacker-
controlled replicas that share the compromised node’s
keying materials and ID, and then spreads these replicas
throughout the network. For detecting replica node attacks is
due to randomized and line selected multicast schemes to
detect replicas in static wireless sensor networks.
DEMERITS
The locally generated outgoing messages in a
network normally cannot provide the aggregate
large-scale spam view required by these
approaches.
Outgoing messages gives rise to the sequential
detection problem.
Blocking policy is not adopted.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
It proposes a fast and effective replica node
detection schema using the sequential probability ratio test.
The sensor node is compare it to a predefine threshold, if it
is more than threshold value, we decide the sensor node has
a captured nodes. This simple approach achievers efficient
node captures detection capability as long as a threshold
value is properly configured. However, it is not easy to
configure a proper a threshold value to detect captured
nodes. If set threshold to a high value it is likely that
captured nodes bypass the detection. On the contrary if we
set threshold to a low value, it is likely that benign nodes
can be detected as a captured nodes. It uses scheme for
distributed detection of mobile malicious node attacks in
mobile sensor networks. The key idea of this scheme is to
apply sequential hypothesis testing[5] to discover nodes that
are silent for unusually many time periods such nodes are
likely to be moving and block them from communicating.
To design an effective, fast, and robust replica
detection scheme specifically for mobile sensor networks.
For the effective scheme a novel mobile replica detection
scheme based on the Sequential Probability Ratio Test
(SPRT)[6]. By using the fact that an uncompromised mobile
node should never move at speeds in excess of the system-
configured maximum speed. Also through quarantine
analysis that the amount of time, during a given time slot,
that the replicas can impact the network is very limited.
MERITS
To minimize these false positives and false
negatives apply the SPRT.
That can make decisions quickly and
accurately.
It is an effective, fast, and robust replica
detection scheme specifically for mobile
sensor networks.
III MODULE DESCRIPTION
Duplicate Node Detection
Centralized Detection
Local Detection
Node-To-Network Broadcasting
Probabilistic Failure Detection
Detecting Replicas
3.1 Duplicate Node Detection
The nodes which are captured by an adversary can
compromise the sensor nodes and make many replicas of
4. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 10 99 – 102
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them. These compromised nodes all have the same ID are
present in the network. To understand the dangers of node
compromise must first define what we mean by node
compromise. Node compromise occurs when an attacker,
though some subvert means, gains control of a node in the
network after deployment. Once in control of that node, the
attacker can alter the node to listen to information in the
network, input malicious data[7], cause DOS, black hole, or
any one of a myriad of attacks on the network. The attacker
may also simply extract information vital to the network’s
security such as routing protocols, data, and security keys.
Generally compromise occurs once an attacker has found a
node, and then directly connects the node to their computer
via a wired connection of some sort. Once connected the
attacker controls the node by extracting the data and/or
putting new data or controls on that node.
3.2 Centralized Detection
The most straightforward detection scheme
requires each node to send a list of its neighbors and their
claimed locations to the base station. The base station can
then examine every neighbor list to look for replicated
nodes. If it discovers one or more replicas, it can revoke the
replicated nodes by flooding the network with an
authenticated revocation message.
3.3 Local Detection
To avoid relying on a central base station could
instead rely on a node’s neighbors to perform replication
detection. Using a voting mechanism, the neighbors can
reach a consensus on the legitimacy of a given node.
Unfortunately, while achieving detection in a distributed
fashion, this method fails to detect distributed node
replication in disjoint neighbourhoods within the network.
As long as the replicated nodes are at least two hops away
from each other, a purely local approach cannot succeed.
3.4 Node-To-Network Broadcasting
One approach to distributed detection utilizes a
simple broadcast protocol. Essentially, each node in the
network uses an authenticated broadcast message to flood
the network with its location information. Each node stores
the location information for its neighbors and if it receives a
conflicting claim, revokes the offending node.
3.5 Probabilistic Failure Detection
In this section describe in detail the Protector
probabilistic replica maintenance approach, and analyze its
effectiveness. It begins by first describing the high level
replica maintenance problem as context. Then describe the
Protector approach in detail, and prove that its estimate on
the number of remaining replicas is the most accurate.
Finally describe in detail how to derive Protector’s failure
probability function[8] through both a Markov failure model
and extraction from measurement traces of failure events.
3.6 Detecting Replicas
Unlike the Random Multicast and Line-Selected
Multicast algorithms,[9] where the nodes storing the copies
of a location claim are chosen randomly from the whole
network, in Software Defined Concern (SDC) such nodes
are chosen randomly from a small subset of all the nodes in
the network, i.e., the nodes in the destination cell determined
by the geographic hash function. In addition, since the
location claim will be flooded within the destination cell, the
SDC scheme can always detect any pair of nodes claiming
the same identity. In other words, pdr = 100% in SDC, when
r > 0 and w > 0.
IV CONCLUTION
The concludes detection of mobile replica node
attacks in mobile sensor networks using speed measurement
testing. Several replica node detection schemes have been
proposed in the literature to defend against such attacks in
static sensor networks. In this work, a fast and effective
mobile replica node detection scheme using the Sequential
hypothesis testing.
V FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
Finally some open issues have been identified that
are left as future. This proposed system at the time several
nodes are detected. But in this future work to increase the
detection level.
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