Climate science
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Lecture on the science of climate change to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 1 of Climate Economics textbook.
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Climate change part 1
The document discusses evidence that the global climate is getting warmer. It provides temperature data from instruments over the past 200 years showing a slight warming trend. Proxy climate records using factors like tree rings, ice cores, lake sediments and coral growth extend the temperature record back thousands of years. When these multiple proxy records from around the world are combined, they indicate that the 0.6°C surface warming over the past 100 years is unprecedented over the past 2000 years and the recent warming therefore appears to be significant.
Latest climate science Implications for Wales Met Office September 2013
Latest climate science Implications for Wales Met Office September 2013Comisiwn Cymru ar y Newid yn yr Hinsawdd/ Climate Change Commission for Wales
This document summarizes the latest climate science from the Met Office and its implications for Wales. It discusses increasing global temperatures, rising carbon dioxide levels, extreme weather events, and projections showing continued warming if emissions are not reduced. Climate models are improving but still have uncertainties around factors like ocean heat uptake. The impacts of 4°C warming could include drought, flooding, reduced crops, and effects on billions of people. Improving model resolution helps understand regional implications like for Welsh terrain and rainfall.Extreme Events and Climatic Shifts - Prof. Gerald Kiely, et al - EPA June 2010
Extreme Events and Climatic Shifts - Prof. Gerald Kiely, et al - EPA June 2010Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
This document discusses historical and modern records of extreme weather events in Ireland and how climate patterns may be changing. It notes that extreme events can have long-lasting impacts and defines them as anomalies compared to local long-term averages. It examines documentary sources and proxy data that show extremes of drought, cold, and rainfall going back thousands of years. Modern instrumental data from weather stations is also discussed, along with recent increasing rainfall trends and shifting seasonal patterns. Causes like climate change and atmospheric circulation shifts are proposed. The implications of non-stationary climate on infrastructure design, water resources, flooding and more are raised.Global Warming
Global warming is caused by increased carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. Scientists have observed the impacts of rising temperatures, including melting ice caps and glaciers which raises sea levels and could flood coastal areas. As temperatures continue increasing due to fossil fuel usage, extreme weather, spread of diseases, and damage to coral reefs are projected to worsen. The effects of climate change have accelerated over the past 150 years due to human activity releasing greenhouse gases.
L1 Extent Of Ice
During the last Ice Age, around 30% of the Earth's surface was covered in ice sheets. The ice reached as far south as New York and Berlin. At its peak around 18,000 years ago, ice covered most of the UK, being several hundred meters thick in some places. The last glaciers melted in Britain about 10,000 years ago. Climate change caused by variations in the Earth's orbit, tilt, and ocean currents can cause periods of global cooling and warming known as ice ages and interglacial periods.
Climate Change Seal Level Rise Met Office
The document discusses evidence that the Earth's climate is warming due to human activities. It notes that global temperatures and sea levels have increased over the past century, precipitation patterns have changed, and glaciers are retreating. The document projects that these trends will continue in the future, causing more warming, sea level rise, and extreme weather if emissions are not reduced. Coastal areas and developing nations will be most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.
Antarctica unit 3
1. The document discusses various topics relating to Antarctica including ice shelves breaking off to form icebergs, the main American base at McMurdo, active volcano Mt. Erebus, aircraft ferrying people and equipment, issues like whaling, global warming, and human impact.
2. It provides details on how Antarctica regulates the world's climate as the "weather engine" and influences ocean currents distributing heat globally. Melting sea ice in 2000 trapped penguins, affecting populations.
3. The crash of Air New Zealand Flight 901 in 1979 killed all 257 people aboard on an Antarctic sightseeing flight, one of the worst disasters in Antarctic history.
OSCILLATIONS from ARCTIC WARMING: Record COLD & HOT, RISING SEAS
WEATHER EXTREMES ARE INCREASING.
Record-Cold and Snowfall in New England during 2015 winter.
-Record high sea temps, 11.5 C, put more
water vapor (snow) in the atmosphere.
-Record-Hot West Sees First 100-Degree Temperature of 2015.
- CA 4 yr. drought longest in history.
Wet areas getting wetter: Floods, Snow
Dry areas getting drier: CA Drought, Wildfires.
Rising sea levels are a better measure of global warming than air temperaure.
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Climate change part 1
The document discusses evidence that the global climate is getting warmer. It provides temperature data from instruments over the past 200 years showing a slight warming trend. Proxy climate records using factors like tree rings, ice cores, lake sediments and coral growth extend the temperature record back thousands of years. When these multiple proxy records from around the world are combined, they indicate that the 0.6°C surface warming over the past 100 years is unprecedented over the past 2000 years and the recent warming therefore appears to be significant.
Latest climate science Implications for Wales Met Office September 2013
Latest climate science Implications for Wales Met Office September 2013Comisiwn Cymru ar y Newid yn yr Hinsawdd/ Climate Change Commission for Wales
This document summarizes the latest climate science from the Met Office and its implications for Wales. It discusses increasing global temperatures, rising carbon dioxide levels, extreme weather events, and projections showing continued warming if emissions are not reduced. Climate models are improving but still have uncertainties around factors like ocean heat uptake. The impacts of 4°C warming could include drought, flooding, reduced crops, and effects on billions of people. Improving model resolution helps understand regional implications like for Welsh terrain and rainfall.Extreme Events and Climatic Shifts - Prof. Gerald Kiely, et al - EPA June 2010
Extreme Events and Climatic Shifts - Prof. Gerald Kiely, et al - EPA June 2010Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
This document discusses historical and modern records of extreme weather events in Ireland and how climate patterns may be changing. It notes that extreme events can have long-lasting impacts and defines them as anomalies compared to local long-term averages. It examines documentary sources and proxy data that show extremes of drought, cold, and rainfall going back thousands of years. Modern instrumental data from weather stations is also discussed, along with recent increasing rainfall trends and shifting seasonal patterns. Causes like climate change and atmospheric circulation shifts are proposed. The implications of non-stationary climate on infrastructure design, water resources, flooding and more are raised.Global Warming
Global warming is caused by increased carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. Scientists have observed the impacts of rising temperatures, including melting ice caps and glaciers which raises sea levels and could flood coastal areas. As temperatures continue increasing due to fossil fuel usage, extreme weather, spread of diseases, and damage to coral reefs are projected to worsen. The effects of climate change have accelerated over the past 150 years due to human activity releasing greenhouse gases.
L1 Extent Of Ice
During the last Ice Age, around 30% of the Earth's surface was covered in ice sheets. The ice reached as far south as New York and Berlin. At its peak around 18,000 years ago, ice covered most of the UK, being several hundred meters thick in some places. The last glaciers melted in Britain about 10,000 years ago. Climate change caused by variations in the Earth's orbit, tilt, and ocean currents can cause periods of global cooling and warming known as ice ages and interglacial periods.
Climate Change Seal Level Rise Met Office
The document discusses evidence that the Earth's climate is warming due to human activities. It notes that global temperatures and sea levels have increased over the past century, precipitation patterns have changed, and glaciers are retreating. The document projects that these trends will continue in the future, causing more warming, sea level rise, and extreme weather if emissions are not reduced. Coastal areas and developing nations will be most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.
Antarctica unit 3
1. The document discusses various topics relating to Antarctica including ice shelves breaking off to form icebergs, the main American base at McMurdo, active volcano Mt. Erebus, aircraft ferrying people and equipment, issues like whaling, global warming, and human impact.
2. It provides details on how Antarctica regulates the world's climate as the "weather engine" and influences ocean currents distributing heat globally. Melting sea ice in 2000 trapped penguins, affecting populations.
3. The crash of Air New Zealand Flight 901 in 1979 killed all 257 people aboard on an Antarctic sightseeing flight, one of the worst disasters in Antarctic history.
OSCILLATIONS from ARCTIC WARMING: Record COLD & HOT, RISING SEAS
WEATHER EXTREMES ARE INCREASING.
Record-Cold and Snowfall in New England during 2015 winter.
-Record high sea temps, 11.5 C, put more
water vapor (snow) in the atmosphere.
-Record-Hot West Sees First 100-Degree Temperature of 2015.
- CA 4 yr. drought longest in history.
Wet areas getting wetter: Floods, Snow
Dry areas getting drier: CA Drought, Wildfires.
Rising sea levels are a better measure of global warming than air temperaure.
Biology - Ecology introduction 1011
The document discusses various plants and animals that have adapted to cold environments, including noble rhubarb which helps insulate flowers, snow leopards with thick fur, and diagrams of ocean currents and global climate zones. It also contains images and discusses the environmental impacts of urban development and salt runoff.
Climate change part 2
1) The document discusses evidence that human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation have increased greenhouse gas levels since the Industrial Revolution and are the main cause of recent global warming.
2) Natural factors alone like variations in solar activity or volcanic eruptions cannot explain the rapid warming seen in recent decades.
3) Some evidence suggests that early human agriculture as far back as 8,000 years ago may have warmed the planet enough to delay the onset of the next ice age.
climate change in the past: Palaeoclimate
This document summarizes information about reconstructing past climates using paleoclimate data and proxies. It discusses how temperature, CO2 levels, sea level, ocean currents, wind patterns, and other climate factors have changed over geological history. Specifically, it examines periods like the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and Early Eocene Climatic Optimum, which saw much warmer global temperatures and higher CO2 than today. The Azolla event approximately 49 million years ago is also discussed, in which massive blooms of freshwater ferns in the Arctic helped draw down atmospheric CO2 and initiate global cooling.
Global climate watch
Global warming is threatening the planet through melting ice caps and rising sea levels. Scientific findings show the arctic regions are melting the fastest and areas like Europe, Alaska, Greenland are at high risk of flooding in the coming years. This is due to multiple factors like pollution depleting the ozone layer, acid rain eroding glaciers faster, and carbon emissions trapping heat. Recent data shows over 200,000 square miles less Arctic ice and melting rates of over 0.25 km of ice thickness per decade, contributing to rising temperatures worldwide.
Presentation2 Cold E Nvironments
Robert Johnson argues that new ice sheet growth depends more on heavy snowfall and strong moisture in the northern hemisphere rather than cold temperatures alone. The distribution of ice is influenced by factors like land and sea differences in absorbing and transferring heat, with seas being able to absorb heat deeper and transfer it farther through circulation. Places at the same latitude can experience very different temperatures and climates due to factors like being over land or sea, affecting glacier growth.
Global Warming
Global warming is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This is causing the average surface temperature of the Earth to rise, leading to changes in climate with serious environmental and socioeconomic consequences. Some of these consequences include rising sea levels, stronger hurricanes, more severe droughts and heat waves, melting Arctic sea ice and glaciers, range changes and population declines in animal species, and increased spread of diseases. If warming continues unabated and the polar ice caps melt completely, it could further increase temperatures in a feedback loop and disrupt ocean currents that regulate climate.
HPU NCS2200 Oceans and estuaries
HPU NCS2200 Earth science for elementary education majors summer 2014 online class oceans and esutaries
Bartek Ładno
The document discusses factors that influence climate such as temperature, precipitation, seasons, and storms. Temperature is affected by the sun's position, landscape, elevation, and air masses. Precipitation depends on elevation, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water. Storms commonly occur from November to March and tornadoes form from June to August. Hurricanes can damage infrastructure by downing power lines, blocking roads, and potentially causing flooding that endangers lives.
Global Warming
1. Global warming is caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trapping more of the sun's heat in the lower atmosphere.
2. Ice core data provides evidence of past climate conditions, showing that temperature and carbon dioxide levels rise and fall together over hundreds of thousands of years.
3. Current carbon dioxide levels are higher than at any time in the past 800,000 years and global temperatures are rising, threatening ecosystems, human health, and coastal communities through more severe weather events and sea level rise.
Intro To Glaciation
The document discusses how glaciers and ice ages are connected to the UK. During the last ice age, huge ice sheets covered much of the UK, with ice being up to 2 miles deep. The landscape of Britain was shaped by the erosion of these ice sheets as they advanced and retreated over thousands of years. We may currently be in an interglacial period within the ongoing ice age. Factors that can influence ice ages include changes in atmospheric and ocean circulation as well as decreases in the sun's energy reaching the Earth.
Global Warming Final Presentation
The Arctic ecosystem that sustains Arctic residents is melting as temperatures rise, melting permafrost and draining inland freshwater into the ocean. Global warming is increasing temperatures by 3 to 5°C by 2100, rising sea levels by 25 meters, eliminating the Arctic ice cap, and potentially completely melting the Greenland glacier. Increased risks of infectious diseases like malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and more frequent cholera outbreaks may also occur due to climate change effects like warmer temperatures.
Unit 1 ch3 s3 the hydrosphere & biosphere
The document discusses the hydrosphere and biosphere. The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth's surface and near-surface, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, ice caps, and groundwater. The hydrologic cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff of water. Most water is ocean water, which has high salt content, while a small percentage is freshwater found in ice caps, surface water, and groundwater aquifers. The biosphere is the thin layer at Earth's surface that supports life through resources like sunlight, water, and moderate temperatures.
Glaciers, Polar Ice and Global Warming
Glaciers form from accumulated snow over hundreds of years that moves slowly downhill due to gravity. Polar ice sheets are massive frozen fields of ice covering the North or South Pole. Global warming causes the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere to increase. When snow accumulates over time without melting, it compresses into firmer layers that eventually form glaciers, ice caps, and polar ice sheets.
Weather Mountain Lore
Altitude has a significant impact on mountain weather. Temperature decreases by around 6 degrees Celsius for every 1000 meter increase in elevation, so mountains can maintain snow and ice even near the equator. Precipitation is always higher at altitude due to air cooling as it rises over mountains. Wind patterns in mountains can also be unusual, with cold air descending into valleys at night, creating temperature inversions. Aspect also influences temperature, with south-facing slopes receiving more direct sunlight than north-facing slopes. Mountain weather is highly variable over short periods compared to lowland areas.
Global warming
Global warming refers to the increase in the Earth's average surface temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions. The planet's average surface temperature has risen about 2 degrees Fahrenheit since the late 19th century, and the oceans have warmed by 0.3 degrees over this period as well. Other evidence of global warming includes shrinking ice sheets, rising sea levels, and declining Arctic sea ice. The main causes of global warming are greenhouse gas emissions from human activities like burning fossil fuels, population growth, and deforestation. If unchecked, global warming will lead to more extreme weather, rising sea levels, longer growing seasons and changes in precipitation patterns. Solutions proposed to address global warming include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, stopping deforestation, and count
Mary Edwards - The Big Thaw - Isle of Wight Cafe Sci, Oct 2016
Professor Mary Edwards, from the Geography Department at Southampton University, talks about The Big Thaw: A warming, changing Arctic.
She considers the fragility of Arctic systems, drawing upon examples from Alaska, where she lived for several years, and Siberia, the largest northern land area affected by warming.
Energy 2 Climate Change
This document discusses climate classification systems and the factors that cause climate changes. It describes the five main climate types (tropical, dry, mild, continental, polar) using examples. Key causes of past and present climate changes mentioned include variations in solar radiation, plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gases, and human activities like burning fossil fuels. Scientists study clues in ice cores, sediments, fossils and glaciers to understand historical climate patterns like ice ages.
Little ice age
The Little Ice Age was a period of cooling that occurred between the 16th and 19th centuries in the Northern Hemisphere. It caused expanding glaciers, cooler summers, and longer winters. Possible causes included changes in solar activity and volcanic eruptions releasing ash that blocked sunlight. The colder climate impacted societies through changes to agriculture, famine, disease outbreaks, and social unrest as people searched for causes of their suffering.
Water
This document discusses the properties of water and the water cycle. It explains that water can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas - and provides examples of each state. It also outlines the three main parts of the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Through this continuous cycle, water is distributed around the planet and the water supply remains constant.
Global warming Porumb Bogdan Alexandru
Global warming is caused by increased carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. This is melting polar ice caps and glaciers, causing sea levels to rise and coastal areas to flood. As temperatures increase, some regions are experiencing more extreme weather like droughts, fires, downpours and flooding. Animal populations are also declining as their habitats change and coral reef bleaching has increased in recent decades. Reducing fossil fuel usage would help limit global warming impacts.
Social media _perez
Twitter is an online social media platform that allows users to send and read short 140-character messages called tweets. Registered users can post and view tweets while unregistered users are limited to only viewing tweets. Common Twitter abbreviations include oomf, Tbt, mcm, wcw, and RT. Facebook is a social media site where users can create personal profiles, add friends, share messages, photos, and receive updates from connections. Users can also join interest groups and categorize friends. Snapchat is a messaging app used to send photos and videos that disappear after being viewed, with the sender controlling how long the recipient has to view each message.
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Biology - Ecology introduction 1011
The document discusses various plants and animals that have adapted to cold environments, including noble rhubarb which helps insulate flowers, snow leopards with thick fur, and diagrams of ocean currents and global climate zones. It also contains images and discusses the environmental impacts of urban development and salt runoff.
Climate change part 2
1) The document discusses evidence that human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation have increased greenhouse gas levels since the Industrial Revolution and are the main cause of recent global warming.
2) Natural factors alone like variations in solar activity or volcanic eruptions cannot explain the rapid warming seen in recent decades.
3) Some evidence suggests that early human agriculture as far back as 8,000 years ago may have warmed the planet enough to delay the onset of the next ice age.
climate change in the past: Palaeoclimate
This document summarizes information about reconstructing past climates using paleoclimate data and proxies. It discusses how temperature, CO2 levels, sea level, ocean currents, wind patterns, and other climate factors have changed over geological history. Specifically, it examines periods like the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and Early Eocene Climatic Optimum, which saw much warmer global temperatures and higher CO2 than today. The Azolla event approximately 49 million years ago is also discussed, in which massive blooms of freshwater ferns in the Arctic helped draw down atmospheric CO2 and initiate global cooling.
Global climate watch
Global warming is threatening the planet through melting ice caps and rising sea levels. Scientific findings show the arctic regions are melting the fastest and areas like Europe, Alaska, Greenland are at high risk of flooding in the coming years. This is due to multiple factors like pollution depleting the ozone layer, acid rain eroding glaciers faster, and carbon emissions trapping heat. Recent data shows over 200,000 square miles less Arctic ice and melting rates of over 0.25 km of ice thickness per decade, contributing to rising temperatures worldwide.
Presentation2 Cold E Nvironments
Robert Johnson argues that new ice sheet growth depends more on heavy snowfall and strong moisture in the northern hemisphere rather than cold temperatures alone. The distribution of ice is influenced by factors like land and sea differences in absorbing and transferring heat, with seas being able to absorb heat deeper and transfer it farther through circulation. Places at the same latitude can experience very different temperatures and climates due to factors like being over land or sea, affecting glacier growth.
Global Warming
Global warming is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This is causing the average surface temperature of the Earth to rise, leading to changes in climate with serious environmental and socioeconomic consequences. Some of these consequences include rising sea levels, stronger hurricanes, more severe droughts and heat waves, melting Arctic sea ice and glaciers, range changes and population declines in animal species, and increased spread of diseases. If warming continues unabated and the polar ice caps melt completely, it could further increase temperatures in a feedback loop and disrupt ocean currents that regulate climate.
HPU NCS2200 Oceans and estuaries
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The document discusses factors that influence climate such as temperature, precipitation, seasons, and storms. Temperature is affected by the sun's position, landscape, elevation, and air masses. Precipitation depends on elevation, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water. Storms commonly occur from November to March and tornadoes form from June to August. Hurricanes can damage infrastructure by downing power lines, blocking roads, and potentially causing flooding that endangers lives.
Global Warming
1. Global warming is caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trapping more of the sun's heat in the lower atmosphere.
2. Ice core data provides evidence of past climate conditions, showing that temperature and carbon dioxide levels rise and fall together over hundreds of thousands of years.
3. Current carbon dioxide levels are higher than at any time in the past 800,000 years and global temperatures are rising, threatening ecosystems, human health, and coastal communities through more severe weather events and sea level rise.
Intro To Glaciation
The document discusses how glaciers and ice ages are connected to the UK. During the last ice age, huge ice sheets covered much of the UK, with ice being up to 2 miles deep. The landscape of Britain was shaped by the erosion of these ice sheets as they advanced and retreated over thousands of years. We may currently be in an interglacial period within the ongoing ice age. Factors that can influence ice ages include changes in atmospheric and ocean circulation as well as decreases in the sun's energy reaching the Earth.
Global Warming Final Presentation
The Arctic ecosystem that sustains Arctic residents is melting as temperatures rise, melting permafrost and draining inland freshwater into the ocean. Global warming is increasing temperatures by 3 to 5°C by 2100, rising sea levels by 25 meters, eliminating the Arctic ice cap, and potentially completely melting the Greenland glacier. Increased risks of infectious diseases like malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and more frequent cholera outbreaks may also occur due to climate change effects like warmer temperatures.
Unit 1 ch3 s3 the hydrosphere & biosphere
The document discusses the hydrosphere and biosphere. The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth's surface and near-surface, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, ice caps, and groundwater. The hydrologic cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff of water. Most water is ocean water, which has high salt content, while a small percentage is freshwater found in ice caps, surface water, and groundwater aquifers. The biosphere is the thin layer at Earth's surface that supports life through resources like sunlight, water, and moderate temperatures.
Glaciers, Polar Ice and Global Warming
Glaciers form from accumulated snow over hundreds of years that moves slowly downhill due to gravity. Polar ice sheets are massive frozen fields of ice covering the North or South Pole. Global warming causes the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere to increase. When snow accumulates over time without melting, it compresses into firmer layers that eventually form glaciers, ice caps, and polar ice sheets.
Weather Mountain Lore
Altitude has a significant impact on mountain weather. Temperature decreases by around 6 degrees Celsius for every 1000 meter increase in elevation, so mountains can maintain snow and ice even near the equator. Precipitation is always higher at altitude due to air cooling as it rises over mountains. Wind patterns in mountains can also be unusual, with cold air descending into valleys at night, creating temperature inversions. Aspect also influences temperature, with south-facing slopes receiving more direct sunlight than north-facing slopes. Mountain weather is highly variable over short periods compared to lowland areas.
Global warming
Global warming refers to the increase in the Earth's average surface temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions. The planet's average surface temperature has risen about 2 degrees Fahrenheit since the late 19th century, and the oceans have warmed by 0.3 degrees over this period as well. Other evidence of global warming includes shrinking ice sheets, rising sea levels, and declining Arctic sea ice. The main causes of global warming are greenhouse gas emissions from human activities like burning fossil fuels, population growth, and deforestation. If unchecked, global warming will lead to more extreme weather, rising sea levels, longer growing seasons and changes in precipitation patterns. Solutions proposed to address global warming include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, stopping deforestation, and count
Mary Edwards - The Big Thaw - Isle of Wight Cafe Sci, Oct 2016
Professor Mary Edwards, from the Geography Department at Southampton University, talks about The Big Thaw: A warming, changing Arctic.
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Energy 2 Climate Change
This document discusses climate classification systems and the factors that cause climate changes. It describes the five main climate types (tropical, dry, mild, continental, polar) using examples. Key causes of past and present climate changes mentioned include variations in solar radiation, plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gases, and human activities like burning fossil fuels. Scientists study clues in ice cores, sediments, fossils and glaciers to understand historical climate patterns like ice ages.
Little ice age
The Little Ice Age was a period of cooling that occurred between the 16th and 19th centuries in the Northern Hemisphere. It caused expanding glaciers, cooler summers, and longer winters. Possible causes included changes in solar activity and volcanic eruptions releasing ash that blocked sunlight. The colder climate impacted societies through changes to agriculture, famine, disease outbreaks, and social unrest as people searched for causes of their suffering.
Water
This document discusses the properties of water and the water cycle. It explains that water can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas - and provides examples of each state. It also outlines the three main parts of the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Through this continuous cycle, water is distributed around the planet and the water supply remains constant.
Global warming Porumb Bogdan Alexandru
Global warming is caused by increased carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere. This is melting polar ice caps and glaciers, causing sea levels to rise and coastal areas to flood. As temperatures increase, some regions are experiencing more extreme weather like droughts, fires, downpours and flooding. Animal populations are also declining as their habitats change and coral reef bleaching has increased in recent decades. Reducing fossil fuel usage would help limit global warming impacts.
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Mary Edwards - The Big Thaw - Isle of Wight Cafe Sci, Oct 2016
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3) Considering the perspectives of multiple countries would decrease the optimal level of global emission reductions compared to a single decision-maker scenario.
Adaptation policy
Lecture on national and international policies to adapt to climate change. Covers Chapter 12 of Climate Economics textbook.
Climate, change, and development
Lecture on the impacts of climate (change) on economic development. Covers Chapter 7 of Climate Economics textbook.
Economic impacts of climate change
Lecture on total impact of climate change and marginal impact of carbon dioxide emissions. Covers Chapter 6 of Climate Economics textbook.
Impacts and valuation
Lecture on the impacts of climate change, and methods for monetary valuation, to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 5 of Climate Economics.
Instruments for emission reduction
Lecture on policy instruments for greenhouse gas emission reduction to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 4 of Climate Economics.
Costs of emission reduction
Lecture on the costs of carbon dioxide emission reduction to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 3 of Climate Economics textbook.
Options for emission reduction
Lecture on options for greenhouse gas emission reduction to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 2 of Climate Economics textbook.
Scenarios
Lecture on greenhouse gas emission scenarios and technical options for emission reduction to postgraduate students of economics. Covers Chapter 2 of Climate Economics textbook.
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clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
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Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
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South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
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Climate science
- 1. Climate Science • The problem – Sources – Mechanisms – Possible futures – Consequences • The solution
- 13. Water expands as it warms, by a little bit, but as the ocean is on average 3 km deep, a tiny expansion is large in human terms. Besides, ice melts.
- 15. Other effects • Storms – Extratropical storms: Probably more intense – Tropical storm: Probably no change in area or frequence, but probably more violent • Rainfall – Some places will get wetter, others drier – Some places will get wetter in winter and drier in summer • Ocean acidification – The proper name for (dissolved) CO2 is carbonic acid – As there is more CO2 in the atmosphere, there is more CO2 in the ocean – This increases the acidity of sea water – Bad for calciferous species