The document discusses the urgent need to address climate change, highlighting that human activities are accelerating its pace and that without firm action, temperatures could rise over 4°C by 2100, leading to severe environmental and human impacts. It emphasizes the necessity for both mitigation and adaptation strategies, including the transition to renewable energy and increased awareness and preparedness for natural disasters. Additionally, it stresses the disproportionate effects of climate change on vulnerable populations and the critical role of science and technology in combating these issues.

1. Climate Change
The world in next century in our hands

2. Global Warming – unknown facts
Most of us familiar with this phenomenon from our school days. We
have already learnt well about this and effects in future. But today’s human
activities are exacerbating the pace of climate change.
Three decades before, talks on climate change started by UN and IPCC
–Inter governmental Panel on Climate Change formed. Still, no firm
decisions and agreements are made to tackle the problem. Last such
conference held at Lima on dec-2014.
But reports of IPCC clearly states that the earth will face worst
consequences of climate change by end of this century, that is in 2100.

3. Temperature rise Projection in 2100
it will cross 4 degree C than pre industrial level unless firm actions are taken

4. Effects on Environment
Ocean
• Increase in temperature of sea water –most of the reflected
reflected heat radiation absorbed by water – Sea Level rise due
due to thermal expansion
• Increase in Co2 content – Ocean acidification – coral reef
bleaching leads to affect entire Marine ecosystem
Effects
Inundation of Islands and coastal regions, sea water
water intrusion
Reduction in Sea foods and affect people who depends
depends on sea for their livelihood

5. Land Areas
 Melting of glaciers and ice sheets
 Wet places become more wetter and dry become arid
 Water scarcity and frequency of flooding increases
 Overall reduction in agriculture productivity as surface
temperature increases
 Increase in frequency of Heat waves and long summer period

6. Likelihood issue development
Agricultural & Food security
Energy security
Water Security
Health
Migration and conflict

7. Models developed by scientists predicted that surface
temperature will rise more than 4 C unless we take steps to
mitigate climate change.
In present scenario, We can reduce the temperature rise at
2 C than industrial period in best case. That will definitely
cause serious impacts on eco system in turn affect human
life.
Therefore apart from mitigation, we need to adapt
ourselves for the future world.
This requires creating awareness about climate change
extensively in individual level and policy formulation in
government level in mitigation and adaptation.

8. In coming years with increasing population, the overall
energy requirement will increase manifold that of today.
To meet that demand, there should be enough energy
sources other than fossil fuels.
Education, Science and Technology will play a vital role in
maintaining this world as it is after a century.
Renewable energy resources should be extensively used
such that we can generate Zero emission energy
From studies, it is very difficult to bring back the eco
system to normal state from current condition and may
take up several centuries

9. Adaption
Change in climate will cause severe natural disasters. The
impact of such disasters will collapse the disaster prone
areas unless adaption steps are taken.
Mostly poor people will be affected by natural disasters
in any sort of country. Investing in adaption steps will
help to reduce the vulnerability of hazard.
Disaster preparedness and management is a important
one as we cannot prevent the extreme natural events
from happening

10. This year March Global average CO2 level reached peak – main
greenhouse gas which causes global warming and climate change.
Increase in pollutants in air directly affects human health also.
Role of science and technology in Climate Change mitigation
will be unavoidable.
To make comfort life as well as to protect earth its greater
contribution is required.

11. References
1. “Turn Down The Heat: Why a 4 C warmer World must be avoided “ by The
The world bank
2. “IPCC Fifth Assessment Report on Climate change”
3. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/may/06/carbon-dioxide-
dioxide-record-levels-noaa Global Average CO2 level reached peak
4. . http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/06/19/india-climate-
climate-change-impacts - India – Climate change impacts