Classification breast carcinoma
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1. Breast carcinomas most often arise from the terminal duct lobular unit and can be benign or malignant lesions that are either in situ or invasive. 2. Malignant breast tumors are classified both molecularly based on markers like estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu, and Ki67 and morphologically based on histological type. 3. The main molecular types are luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like (triple negative) while the morphological types include invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and other special histological subtypes.
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Neoplasms can be benign or malignant, with the key distinguishing characteristics including differentiation, growth rate, local invasion, and metastasis. Well-differentiated neoplasms with slow growth, encapsulation and no invasion or metastasis are typically benign, while poorly differentiated neoplasms with rapid uncontrolled growth, invasiveness and ability to metastasize are malignant. Nomenclature of neoplasms is based on the tissue of origin, structure, embryonic layer, and presence of multiple cell types.
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This document discusses malignant salivary gland tumors, including polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, malignant pleomorphic adenoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. It provides information on the objectives, etiology, clinical features, and histopathological features of each tumor type. Key points include that polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma occurs exclusively in minor salivary glands, malignant pleomorphic adenoma can arise from pre-existing benign pleomorphic adenoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma has varying mucus-producing cells and epithelial cells.
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This document discusses the classification and histological subtypes of lung tumors according to the WHO. It covers precursor lesions like atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ. Invasive adenocarcinoma subtypes include lepidic, acinar, papillary, micropapillary and solid. Molecular markers are discussed for adenocarcinoma. Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma is defined as invasive foci ≤0.5cm. Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma contains large glands filled with mucin. The histological subtypes of lung cancers are small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarc
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1. Urothelial (transitional cell) carcinomas are the most common type and can be papillary or flat. Low grade tumors have mild dysplasia while high grade tumors are poorly differentiated.
2. Other tumor types include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and sarcomas. Immunohistochemistry helps distinguish tumor types.
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- 1. CLASSIFICATION OF BREAST CARCINOMA Dr.V.Shanthi Associate Professor, Pathology Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences TIRUPATHI https://youtu.be/wIG4qO2pbiU
- 2. NORMAL BREAST MORPHOLOGY TERMINAL DUCT LOBULAR UNIT Lobule Interlobular stroma Intralobular stroma Myoepithelial layer Ductal epithelial cells Lactiferous ducts Most of the carcinomas arise from terminal duct lobular unit
- 3. BREAST TUMORS BENIGN LESIONS MALIGNANT LESIONS INSITU INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA INSITU LOBULAR CARCINOMA INSITU Basement membrane intact
- 4. BREAST TUMORS BENIGN LESIONS MALIGNANT LESIONS INSITU INVASIVE MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Based on expression of - Estrogen receptor (ER) - Progesterone receptor (PR) - HER2/neu - Ki67 No special type Special type
- 5. ER receptor or PR receptor HER2/neu Human epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 Also known as CD340, proto-oncogene Neu, ERBB2 (Erythroblastic oncogene B)
- 6. BREAST TUMORS BENIGN LESIONS MALIGNANT LESIONS MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Based on expression of ER,PR, HER2/neu and Ki67 • Luminal A • Luminal B • HER2 rich • Basal type No special type Special type INSITU INVASIVE
- 7. MOLECULAR TYPE OF CLASSIFICATION Molecular type ER PR Her2/neu ki67 Response to endocrine therapy Prognosis Luminal A + + - Low present Good Luminal B + + - High Not as good as luminal A Not as good as Luminal A + + + Low/high Her2 enriched - - + Low/high Response to Herceptein Unfavourable prognosis Basal like (Triple negative) - - - high No response Worst prognosis
- 8. BREAST TUMORS BENIGN LESIONS MALIGNANT LESIONS INVASIVE MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION No special type Special type Invasive ductal carcinoma • Papillary carcinoma • Invasive lobular carcinoma • Tubular carcinoma • Medullary carcinoma • Inflammatory carcinoma • Mucinous carcinoma • Metaplastic carcinoma • Cribriform carcinoma INSITU Paint me In MMC
- 9. BREAST TUMORS Molecular types Morphological types Luminal A • Low grade Invasive carcinoma NOS, ductal • Classic lobular carcinoma • Cribriform carcinoma • Tubular carcinoma • Mucinous carcinoma Luminal B • Invasive carcinoma NOS, ductal • Micropapillary carcinoma Her2/neu enriched • High grade invasive carcinoma NOS, ductal Basal like (Triple negative) • High grade invasive carcinoma NOS, ductal • Metaplastic carcinoma • Medullary carcinoma Inflammatory carcinoma – mostly Her2 enriched or triple negative
- 10. BREAST TUMORS BENIGN LESIONS MALIGNANT LESIONS INSITU INVASIVE MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Based on expression of ER,PR, HER2neu and Ki67 No special type Special type Invasive ductal carcinoma • Papillary carcinoma • Invasive lobular carcinoma • Tubular carcinoma • Medullary carcinoma • Inflammatory carcinoma • Mucinous carcinoma • Metaplastic carcinoma • Cribriform carcinoma • Luminal A • Luminal B • HER2 rich • Basal type (Triple negative) DUCTAL CARCINOMA INSITU LOBULAR CARCINOMA INSITU SUMMARY