Class 10 chapter 3 light topic 3.6
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It covers the topics--Spherical lenses and their types ,principal focus and focal length of convex and concave lens.
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Class x chapter 3 topic 3.4
It covers the topics --measuring focal length,mirror formula,magnification,rules for tracing images by convex mirror,image formation by convex mirror,uses of convex and concave mirrors.
representation of image formed
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07 lenses
Lenses can bend light to make images appear larger or smaller, upright or inverted. A lens is a transparent piece of glass or plastic with one or more curved sides. Converging lenses bring parallel rays of light together and produce real, inverted images beyond the focal point. Diverging lenses spread parallel rays of light and always form smaller, upright, virtual images on the same side as the object. Lenses have a focal point on each side and obey three rules for how rays of light pass through based on their angle of incidence.
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This document discusses concave mirrors and their properties. It describes the key parts of a concave mirror, including the center of curvature, radius of curvature, pole, principal axis, and principal focus. It outlines three main rules for how light rays behave when reflected by a concave mirror. The document also explains the different types of images that are formed when an object is placed at various positions relative to the mirror, such as between the pole and focus, at the focus, or beyond the center of curvature. Finally, it lists some common uses of concave mirrors in devices like car headlights, medical equipment, and solar concentrators.
04 curved mirrors
- Concave mirrors are shaped like the inner part of a sphere and convex mirrors are shaped like the outer part.
- A concave mirror acts as a converging mirror that forms a real focal point in front of the mirror, while a convex mirror acts as a diverging mirror that forms a virtual focal point behind the mirror.
- For concave mirrors, rays parallel to the principal axis pass through the focal point and rays through the center of curvature are reflected back along themselves. For convex mirrors, rays parallel to the principal axis appear to diverge from the focal point and rays through the center are reflected back on themselves.
Image formation in lens
1. The document discusses the formation of images by convex and concave lenses.
2. For a convex lens, the type, orientation, size and location of the image depends on where the object is placed relative to the focal points of the lens.
3. For a concave lens, the image is always virtual, upright and smaller than the object, regardless of the object's location.
Concave mirror
Light is a form of energy that travels at the maximum speed and in straight lines. It undergoes various phenomena like reflection, refraction, scattering, and interference. A concave mirror is a spherical mirror with a reflective convex surface that forms real, inverted images. The location and size of the image formed by a concave mirror depends on where the object is placed relative to the focal point and center of curvature of the mirror. Common uses of concave mirrors include vehicle headlights, dentistry/ENT tools, shaving mirrors, and telescopes.
ray optics
1. Light rays travel in straight lines until interacting with matter. Rays reflect off mirrors and spherical lenses according to the law of reflection, where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
2. Plane mirrors form virtual upright images that are the same size as the object and as far behind the mirror as the object is in front. Spherical mirrors can form real or virtual images, depending on the position of the object relative to the focal point.
3. Concave mirrors form real enlarged images of objects placed between the center of curvature and focal point, and real reduced images of objects beyond the center of curvature. Convex mirrors always produce virtual upright reduced images.
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Lenses can bend light to make images appear larger or smaller, upright or inverted. A lens is a transparent piece of glass or plastic with one or more curved sides. Converging lenses bring parallel rays of light together and produce real, inverted images beyond the focal point. Diverging lenses spread parallel rays of light and always form smaller, upright, virtual images on the same side as the object. Lenses have a focal point on each side and obey three rules for how rays of light pass through based on their angle of incidence.
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04 curved mirrors
- Concave mirrors are shaped like the inner part of a sphere and convex mirrors are shaped like the outer part.
- A concave mirror acts as a converging mirror that forms a real focal point in front of the mirror, while a convex mirror acts as a diverging mirror that forms a virtual focal point behind the mirror.
- For concave mirrors, rays parallel to the principal axis pass through the focal point and rays through the center of curvature are reflected back along themselves. For convex mirrors, rays parallel to the principal axis appear to diverge from the focal point and rays through the center are reflected back on themselves.
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2. For a convex lens, the type, orientation, size and location of the image depends on where the object is placed relative to the focal points of the lens.
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Concave mirror
Light is a form of energy that travels at the maximum speed and in straight lines. It undergoes various phenomena like reflection, refraction, scattering, and interference. A concave mirror is a spherical mirror with a reflective convex surface that forms real, inverted images. The location and size of the image formed by a concave mirror depends on where the object is placed relative to the focal point and center of curvature of the mirror. Common uses of concave mirrors include vehicle headlights, dentistry/ENT tools, shaving mirrors, and telescopes.
ray optics
1. Light rays travel in straight lines until interacting with matter. Rays reflect off mirrors and spherical lenses according to the law of reflection, where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
2. Plane mirrors form virtual upright images that are the same size as the object and as far behind the mirror as the object is in front. Spherical mirrors can form real or virtual images, depending on the position of the object relative to the focal point.
3. Concave mirrors form real enlarged images of objects placed between the center of curvature and focal point, and real reduced images of objects beyond the center of curvature. Convex mirrors always produce virtual upright reduced images.
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vdocument.in_reflection-mirrors-swbat-explain-how-light-is-reflected-from-rou...
Class X Subject: Science, Chapter 3 : Light, Presentation 3.2
Class X Subject: Science, Chapter 3 : Light, Presentation 3.2
Physics 11 Final Essay-Nathanael Li, Zhimo-Block A.pdf
Physics 11 Final Essay-Nathanael Li, Zhimo-Block A.pdf
TYPES OF LENSES IN MICROSCOPE / cosmetic dentistry courses
TYPES OF LENSES IN MICROSCOPE / cosmetic dentistry courses
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Class 7 chapter 5 Acids ,bases and Salts ppt 2
The document discusses neutralization reactions and their importance in daily life. It defines neutralization as the reaction between an acid and base to form a salt and water. An example reaction of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide forming sodium chloride and water is provided. Neutralization reactions are important in relieving indigestion through antacids and reducing the itch of ant stings. Neutralization of acidic soil or factory waste is also discussed to prevent environmental damage.
Class 7 chapter 5 Acids ,bases and salts ppt 1
This document discusses acids, bases, and indicators. It provides examples of natural acids and bases commonly used in daily life. It explains that indicators are substances used to determine if a substance is acidic or basic by changing color when added. Examples of natural indicators discussed include litmus, turmeric, and china rose. Litmus extracted from lichens changes color from mauve to red in acids and blue in bases. Turmeric and soaked china rose petals also change color when added to acids versus bases.
Class x chapter 3 light topic 3.5 ppt 5
It covers the topics-refraction ,absolute and relative refractive index,laws of refraction ,direction of bending of light,No refraction cases,refraction through glass slab
CLASS-X SUBJECT-SCIENCE CHAPTER-LIGHT PPT 3
This presentation would cover Rules for tracing images formed by concave mirror, Image formation by a concave mirror in different positions of the object and Summary of the characteristics of images formed by a concave mirror
Class X Chapter 3: Light Topic 3.1
The document outlines key concepts about light and reflection. It defines light and its properties of rectilinear propagation. It also defines important terms like source, medium, ray, beam, and pencil. It describes the two types of reflection - regular and irregular - and the laws of reflection. Finally, it discusses the types of images formed by mirrors, including real and virtual images, and the characteristics of images formed by plane mirrors specifically.
Class 7 chapter 4 Heat :Sea and land breeze,clothes
This covers types of Breeze and Clothes to be wore in summer and winter.Also understanding about why the season specific Clothes to be wore
Class 7 chapter 4 ppt 2
This document discusses laboratory thermometers and heat transfer. It describes how laboratory thermometers are used to accurately measure temperature between -10 to 110 degrees Celsius. It also explains how to take the temperature of water using a thermometer and defines maximum-minimum thermometers. Finally, it summarizes the three methods of heat transfer: conduction occurs in solids, convection occurs in liquids through rising and falling water, and radiation transfers heat without a medium.
Class 7 chapter 4 ppt 1
Student would learn about temperature ,Thermometer ,types of thermometer and structure of Clinical Thermometer
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Class 7 chapter 4 Heat :Sea and land breeze,clothes
Class 7 chapter 4 Heat :Sea and land breeze,clothes
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,kP,Pakistan
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Katherine Romanak - Geologic CO2 Storage.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
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ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Class 10 chapter 3 light topic 3.6
- 1. LEARNING OBJECTIVES --- VIDEO 6 •SPHERICAL LENSES •TYPES OF SPHERICAL LENSES •TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH LENSES •PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF /CONVEX LENS •PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF CONCAVE LENS •RULES FOR FORMATION OF IMAGES BY CONVEX LENS
- 2. SPHERICAL LENSES • A spherical lens is a piece of a transparent refracting material, which is bound by two surfaces. Often ,both the surfaces of a lens are spherical. • On passing through a lens, light is refracted twice, at the two surfaces of the lens. • Spherical lenses are of two types: 1.CONVEX LENS or Converging lens 2.CONCAVE LENS or Diverging lens
- 3. TYPES OF LENSES 1.Convex lens or Converging lens: Such a lens is thick at the centre and thin at the edges. It is called converging lens, because it converges the rays of light falling on it. 2.Concave lens or Diverging lens: Such a lens is thick at the edges and thin at the centre. It is called diverging lens, because it diverges the rays of light falling on it.
- 4. SOME TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH SPHERICAL LENSES 1.Aperture: It is the diameter of the circular edge of the lens. 2.Centre of Curvature: The centres of the two spheres of which the lens is a part are called centres of curvatures. 3.Principal Axis: An imaginary straight line passing through centres of curvature of the two surfaces of the lens is called principal axis of the lens. 4.Optical centre: The optical centre of a lens is a point on the principal axis of the lens ,such that a ray of light passing through it goes undeviated.
- 5. PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF A CONVEX LENS • FIRST PRINCIPAL FOCUS: of a convex lens is the position of a point object on the principal axis of the lens, for which the image formed by the lens is at infinity. Represented by F1. • The distance of first principal focus of the lens from optical centre C of the lens is called first focal length of convex lens. It is represented by f1. • SECOND PRINCIPAL FOCUS: of a convex lens is the position of an image point on the principal axis of the lens, when the point object is situated at infinity. Represented by F2. It is the real point. • The distance of second principal focus of the lens from the optical centre C of the lens is called second focal length of convex lens. It is represented by f2.
- 6. PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF A CONCAVE LENS • FIRST PRINCIPAL FOCUS: of a concave lens is the virtual position of a point object on the principal axis of the lens, for which the image formed by the concave lens is at infinity. Represented by the point F1. • The distance of first principal focus of the lens from optical centre C of the lens is called first principal focal length of concave lens. It is represented by f1. • SECOND PRINCIPAL FOCUS: of a concave lens is the position of image point on the principal axis of the lens ,when the point object is situated at infinity. Represented by F2. It is a virtual point. • The distance of second principal focus of the lens from the optical centre of the lens is called second principal focal length of concave lens. It is represented by f2.
- 7. RULES FOR FORMATION OF IMAGES BY A CONVEX LENS RULE 1: light ray incident on the lens in a direction parallel to the principal axis of convex lens on refraction ,passes through second principal focus of the lens located on the other side of the lens.
- 8. RULES FOR FORMATION OF IMAGES BY A CONVEX LENS RULE 2: Ray passing through optical centre C of convex lens passes straight after refraction through the lens.
- 9. RULES FOR FORMATION OF IMAGES BY A CONVEX LENS RULE 3: Ray passing through first principal focus F1, of convex lens becomes parallel to the principal axis of the lens ,after refraction through the lens. The image is formed at a point where any two of the refracted rays actually meet or appear to meet.
- 10. SUMMARY • SPHERICAL LENSES • TYPES OF SPHERICAL LENSES • TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH LENSES • PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF CONVEX LENS • PRINCIPAL FOCUS AND FOCAL LENGTH OF CONCAVE LENS • RULES FOR FORMATION OF IMAGES BY CONVEX LENS