The document outlines key events and figures in the American civil rights movement. It discusses amendments that ended slavery and guaranteed equal rights under the law. Pivotal Supreme Court cases established that African Americans could not be citizens and justified segregation until Brown v. Board of Education ruled it unconstitutional. The Little Rock Nine desegregated a school despite protests. Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks led nonviolent protests, while Malcolm X advocated black pride. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson pushed for civil rights legislation through acts that banned discrimination. Protest methods included civil disobedience, sit-ins, and unity marches.