The document outlines the history of civil rights in America, beginning with slavery in the 1600s and the abolition movement in the 1830s. It then discusses the Civil War, emancipation, and the 14th Amendment in the 1860s. The document continues to cover Jim Crow laws, the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s-60s led by Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, and concludes with the ongoing Black Lives Matter movement seeking racial justice and equality.

1. HISTORY : CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
IN AMERICA.

2. OUTLINE.
 This presentation will cover the main elements
from the history and the participants in the civil
right movement.
 Slavery in America .
 Abolitionism : abolition movement.
 The Civil War (1861 -1865).
 14th Amendment and Emancipation.
 Fighters and the straggling movements for civil
rights .

3. HISTORY : SLAVERY IN AMERICA.
 Slavery was a legal practice in the US history
in about 1619s.
 The objectives of slavery :
 Free labors.
 Building projects in America.
 The economic growth.
* Economy: Rice, Tobacco, Indigo, Sugar
Cane and Cotton.
 1793 – The invention of cotton gin.

4. HISTORY: SLAVERY IN AMERICA.
 Slave trade is officially ended in 1808 ,but
the practice of slavery continued after that
time.
 Dehumanization :
One slave counted as 3/5 of persons in
state populations.
Slaves were considered as properties of
their masters – they could be bought
and sold.

5. HISTORY: THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
 Not a railroad !! It was an established network of
safe houses for escaping slaves along the south
to north route
 “I was the conductor of the Underground
Railroad for eight years, and I can say what most
conductors can’t say; I never ran my train off the
track and I never lost a passenger.” – Harriet
Tubman
 Harriet Tubman escaped from slavery in Maryland
and went back to free others
 Escorted 300 slaves to freedom

6. FORWARD – JACOB LAWRENCE, 1967
2012 The Jacob and Gwendolyn Lawrence Foundation, Seattle/ Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York

7. HISTORY: ABOLITIONISM MOVEMENT
 Tubman was also a participant in
Abolitionism.
 The Abolitionism movement’s objectives was
the movement to end slavery and to abolish
the practice of slavery completely in
American societies.
 The movement gained ground in the 1830s
in the North in churches and political
gatherings
 The idea that slavery was a sin.
 The importance of equal rights with the original

8. SUPPORTING, ADVOCATING AND PROMOTING
THE MOVEMENT.
 William Lloyd Garrison, The
Liberator – newspaper
published in Boston an article
that promotes the movement.
 Frederick Douglass – an
escaped slave gave famous
speeches around the country
advocating for Abolition.
 Women leaders in the
abolitionist movement like
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
Lucretia Mott went on to lead
a growing Feminist
movement
A news paper publication.

9. HISTORY: THE CIVIL WAR (1861-1865).
Generally, the civil war came
immediately after the forbidden slavery
practises.
 The end of slavery (1859).
 The beginnings of The war (1861).
 The end of the war (1865).
The main factors that lead to the war :
* Industry crises.
* Economical crises .

10. HISTORY: THE CIVIL WAR (1861-1865 )
Chronologically from 1860 1861 to
1865
 1860 – Abraham Lincoln wins presidency on anti-
slavery platform and seven southern states
immediately try to secede to form “The
Confederate States of America”
 1861 Fort Sumter, NC
 Fighting between the Union States and
Confederacy States
 States rights vs. Federal authority
 Questions on Westward Expansion and slavery –
Mason Dixon Line.

11. History: The Civil War - 1861-1865
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5710e98fc382a7973c8e2653

12. HISTORY: 14TH AMENDMENT AND
EMANCIPATION
 Emancipation Proclamation, January the1st in
1863.
 It freed all of the slaves in all states loyal to
the Union.
 14th Amendment was sighed in the 9th of July
, 1868 – addresses citizenship, and legal and
equal protection of former slaves.

13. RECONSTRUCTION AND MIGRATION
 1865-1877 – “Reconstruction”
 Rebuilding the South
 1867 Blacks gained a voice in government, won state
legislatures, and seats in U.S. Congress
 Backlash – the Klu Klux Klan (KKK) and other White Supremacy
organizations targeted this progress
 1910-1970 “The Great Migration”
 More than 6 million African Americans relocated from the
rural South to cities in the North and Midwest
 Rise of Black Urban Culture

14. “SEPARATE BUT EQUAL”
“Separate but equal”
was quoted by Jim
Crow.
“Separate but equal”
‘s statement was used
by the African-
Americans to express
their anger of the
treatments that they
used to live with in the

15. JIM CROW- “SEPARATE BUT EQUAL”.
 Is a formal system of laws that mandated the
segregation of public places. E.g: schools,
parks, libraries, drinking fountains,
restrooms, buses, trains, restaurants, etc.
 It was initially based on the fact that White
people were superior to Black people .
* Separate = means they do not
belong to the same ethical group or to the
same environment.
* Equal = we are human beings ;
and we need to have the same rights.

16. THE STATEMENT VS THE SUPREME COURT
 Separate but equal was
an issue of The supreme
court in 1896s.
 The supreme court did
not contradict with the
case.
* The acceptance of
the supreme court in
1896.
 It ruled an amendment
that allows the Africans
to live in American
societies.

17. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT – 1954-1968
 It was a social
movement in the
United States in 1954-
1968.
 fighting against racial
segregation and for
civil rights.
 Asking for Equity,
equality and
civilization.
- The peaceful
movements

18. THE MARCH ON WASHINGTON – 1963
Documentary :The March of Washington, 1963, Washington.

19. THE TWO LEADERS
Martin Luther
king
Malcolm X

20. MALCOLM X
The background :
 Civil Rights Leader and
Activist
 Joined the Black Muslims
(NOI).
 Minister advocating for
Black Nationalism and
Black Separatism .
1964 – kicked out of Black
Muslims, preached
brotherhood between
Whites and Blacks
1965 :The year of
his assassination.

21. MARTIN LUTHER KING
The background :
 He was a Civil Rights
Leader and an activist.
• He was a Minister from
Georgia.
• He Preached the non-
violence and the
tolerance movements.
•Gave famous speeches
in 1963
Won Nobel Peace Prize
in 1964
He was
assassinated in
1968.

22. FIGHT FOR CIVIL RIGHTS
Rosa Parks
 In1955, Rosa
refused to give up
her seat on the bus
 Freedom riders .
 It symbolizes the
rights of the African-
Americans .
Rosa Parks ‘ personal picture in a public transportation.

23. LITTLE ROCK 9 - 1957
http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=11591http://kingencyclopedia.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/chronologyentry/1957_09_23.1.html

24. SELMA  MONTGOMERY MARCH 1965
http://www.slideshare.net/guimera/the-long-road-from-selma-to-montgomeryhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/story/10_march.html

25. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964
Civil Right act :
 Was signed by the President Lyndon B
Johnson.
 It was explicitly forbid discrimination in
voting, education, and public facilities .
 Voting Rights Act 1965.

26. HARLEM RENAISSANCE ( 1918 -1937).
 It is an intellectual
movement in New York
City.
 It was considered as a
blossoming movement
of African -Americans
culture.
 It includes writings ,
Orchestra, music ,and
visual arts.

27. THE OBJECTIVES OF HARLEM
The objectives that
the movement sought
to achieve were :
 saving the heritage.
 changing the blacks’
lives.
 express their arts and
the African identity .

28. THE BLACK LIVES MATTER MOVEMENT
 The Black Lives
Matter was a new
notion of a
revolutionary
movement of blacks.
 It started as a
Tweeter’s hashtag
#The.black.lives.matter
, in 2012.
• Blacks protested
against the accusation
of George Zimmerman.

29. CONCLUSION
Briefly, the history of America tackled the
psychological movements that showed the
whites authorities ;and presented the white
man power in history . Otherwise, this history
assaulted the African- Americans. And, the
civilization was a price that every black
person paid ; which includes positions of
discrimination and the alienation of blacks.