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Circulatory system
- 2. System Circulatory Group of Organs o Blood o Blood Vessel o Heart o To provide essential nutrients, minerals, respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) and hormones to various parts of the body. o Alternatively, the circulatory system is also responsible for collecting metabolic, waste and toxins from the cells and tissues to be purified or expelled from the body. Human System Circulatory
- 3. Erythrocytes (41%) WBC & Platelets (4%) Plasma (55%) Blood Human Circulatory System Composition of Blood
- 5. Human Circulatory System Blood Vessels Artery Oxygenated blood towards body. Vein Deoxygenated blood towards the heart Pulmonary Artery deoxygenated blood towards lungs. Pulmonary Vein Oxygenated blood towards heart.
- 6. Human Circulatory System Heart is muscular organ located in the chest cavity, right between the lungs. It is positioned slightly towards the left in the thoracic region and enveloped by the pericardium. Heart
- 7. Red Blood Cells Biconcave, enucleated cells, most abundant blood cells. Made in red bone marrow. Have a red-coloured pigment Haemoglobin. Haemoglobin readily combine with Oxygen & Carbon dioxides. Blood transport the oxygen and carbon dioxide through haemoglobin. (Erythrocytes)
- 8. White Blood Cells Pale white coloured, nucleated cells, larger in size Play important role in Immunity As they are responsible for fighting foreign pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi) that enter our body. (Leucocytes) Granulocytes Agranulocytes Types of WBC Granules (+) Granules (-) 1. Eosinophill 2. Basophil 3. Neutrophil 1. Monocytes 2. Lymphocytes
- 9. Platelets Tiny disc-shaped specialized blood cells Play important role in Blood clotting & coagulation during cut or wound. They produced in bone marrow. (Thrombocytes)
- 10. Heart covering Pericardium • Cover the heart • Protective sac of connective tissue. • Filled with fluid. a) Visceral pericardium • Inner most layer b) Parietal pericardium • Outer most layer Structure of Human Heart
- 11. Structure of Human Heart Heart walls Epicardium • Outermost layer • Fat to cushion of the heart. Myocardium • Middle layer Endocardium • Inner most layer • Thin and smooth
- 12. Structure of Human Heart Left Atrium Aortic Valve Mitral Valve Left Ventricle Pulmonary Valve Right Atrium Tri-cuspid Valve Right Ventricle Atrial Septum Ventricular Septum
- 13. Aorta Right Pulmonary Vein Left Pulmonary Vein L & R Pulmonary Artery Oxygenated Blood circulate into the body through heart Deoxygenated Blood circulate into the heart through body. Transportation In Body LA LV RA RV
- 14. Gaseous Exchange in Lung
Editor's Notes
- Hello everyone, I am Mukesh Pareek your science mentor. Today we will discuss about the Human Circulatory System.
- So what is the meaning of circulatory system. The word circulatory explain function transport the nutrient in our body and collect the waste material for disposal and system explain the organization. In circulatory system various organ like Blood blood vessels and HEART. Combine to perform transport of all nutrients to our body and waste material away from the body.
- RBC Have a red-coloured pigment Haemoglobin. RBC transport the oxygen and carbon dioxide through haemoglobin WBC-Play important role in Immunity-As they are responsible for fighting foreign pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi) that enter our body. Platlets- Play important role in Blood clotting & coagulation during cut or wound.
- Oxygenated blood is red in color and deoxygenated blood is blue in color but both are present in the same body. Blood is a liquid connective tissue which has two components one is plasma the fluid part and second one is the blood cells. That are of three types RBC WBC Platelets. Well we will understand about the detail of this in later parts of this chapter.
- Now come to second component that is blood vessels. There are three type of blood vessels artery which carry oxygenated blood towards the body and vein which carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart. But there is an exception that is pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein. PA carrys deoxygenated blood where as PV carry oxygenated blood.
- Now the third component comes that is Heart the pumping organ of our body. So lets study in detail about the Heart. Heart is muscular organ located in chest cavity right between the lungs. Its position is slightly towards the left in thoracic cavity. And it is enveloped by pericardium.
- Heart has four chambers. Upper two are Atria or auricals and Lower two are ventricles. The right and left side of heart are separated by septum.
- Heart Has four chamber. Upper chamber separated by atrial septum in Left atrium and right atrium. Where as Lower chamber separated by ventricular septum in left and right ventricle. Heart has four valves. Valves keeps the blood flowing in right direction. These are gates at chamber opening and exits. So in the chamber opening atrio ventricular valve is present these are two type. Left side Mitral valve which is present between the left atrium and left ventricle. Where as Tricuspid valve present between the right atrium and right ventricle. And in the chamber exist sino auricular valve is present these are two types Aortic valve which is present between left ventricle and Aorta. And Pulmonary valves present in between right ventricle and Pulmonary vein.
- Now let's start how does the pumping in heart takes place and what is its mechanism. It very important to understand and remember sequence of flow, which is very easy as well. First the purified or oxygenated blood is received by left atrium through the both right and left pulmonary veins. From here left ventricles receives blood through Mitral valve and pumps it into aorta which is the main artery of the body. Aorta further divides into various arteries and arterioles and distribute oxygenated blood to different parts of body and to each and every cell. Now deoxygenated or impure blood which is blue in color is received by right atrium through superior and inferior vena cava which are main veins of the body. Superior vena cava collects blood from upper part and inferior vena cava from lower part of body. Right atrium pumps blood into right ventricle through tricuspid valve. Right ventricle pumps blood into the lungs through pulmonary artery. So this is all about circulation I hope it was a fun learning what is happening inside our body. Further details of this chapter will be explailned in coming classes. Thank You
- Lungs collect the deoxygenated blood from heart through Pulmonary artery. In the alveoli gaseous exchanges takes place and oxygenated blood goes to heart through pulmonary vein.