This document discusses different types of volcanoes and rocks. It describes cinder cone volcanoes as having moderately steep sides and small summit craters. Shield volcanoes are described as having low slopes and consisting almost entirely of frozen lava with large summit craters. The document then defines rocks and discusses the three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It provides details on how each type forms and examples of different rocks within each type.

1. Science Subject

2. Identify the following. It is a volcano that has moderately steep sides and sometimes have small craters in their summits.

3. This volcano consists almost entirely of loose, grainy cinders and almost no lava, They are small volcanoes.

4. This volcano has low slopes and consists almost entirely of frozen lavas. They almost always have large craters in their summits.

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8. Rocks

9. What is rocks? Rocks - it is a solid part of the earth.

10. 3 Types of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Igneous Rocks

11. Igneous Rocks How it is formed ? Fire Rocks Formed underground by trapped, cooled magma Formed above ground when volcanoes erupt and magma cools

12. 2 Types of Igneous Rocks Extrusive Igneous Rocks Is made when magma comes to the Earth’s surface in the form of lava and cools and harden. Intrusive Igneous Rocks If the magma stays underground , cools and harden.

13. Example of Igneous Rocks Granite Scoria Pumice Obsidian

14. Sedimentary Rocks How it is formed? Wind and water break down the earth Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers Layers are formed and build up Pressure and time turn the layers to rock

15. 3 Main Types of Sedimentary Rocks Clastic – little pieces of broken up rock which have piled up and been “lithified” by compaction and sedimentation. Chemical- many of this form when standing water evaporates, leaving dissolved minerals behind. Organic- many animals use calcium for shells, bones and teeth. These bits of calcium can pile up in the sea floor and accumulate into a thick enough layer to form an organic sedimentary rock.

16. Example of Sedimentary Rocks Gypsum Sandstone Shale Limestone Conglomerate

17. Metamorphic Rocks How it is formed? Rocks that have changed They were once igneous or sedimentary Pressure and heat changed the rocks

18. 2 Basic Types of Metamorphic Rocks 1. Foliated Metamorphic Rocks - rocks which have layered or banded appearance that is produced by exposure to heat and directed pressure. 2. Non Foliated Metamorphic Rocks - rocks which do not have a layered or banded appearance.

19. Examples of Metamorphic Rocks Schist Gneiss

20. Rocks Have Been Used For Many Years and For Many Things

36. Rocks