Thinking to Learning in
Inclusive Classrooms
Chilliwack	
  
April	
  4,	
  2014	
  
Faye	
  Brownlie	
  
Slideshare.net/fayebrownlie/chilliwack.thinking	
  
The teeter totter
kids
kids curriculum
Frameworks
It’s All about Thinking (English, Humanities, Social Studies) –
Brownlie & Schnellert, 2009
It’s All about Thinking (Math, Science)– Brownlie, Fullerton,
Schnellert, 2011
Universal Design for Learning
MulCple	
  means:	
  
-­‐to	
  tap	
  into	
  background	
  knowledge,	
  to	
  acCvate	
  
prior	
  knowledge,	
  to	
  increase	
  engagement	
  and	
  
moCvaCon	
  
-­‐to	
  acquire	
  the	
  informaCon	
  and	
  knowledge	
  to	
  
process	
  new	
  ideas	
  and	
  informaCon	
  
-­‐to	
  express	
  what	
  they	
  know.	
  
	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  Rose	
  &	
  Meyer,	
  2002	
  
Choose a lesson
•  Think	
  of	
  all	
  the	
  users	
  at	
  the	
  point	
  of	
  design.	
  
•  Who	
  mighty	
  not	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  do	
  this?	
  
•  Think	
  of	
  the	
  goal,	
  not	
  the	
  acCvity/method.	
  
•  Accessibility	
  not	
  accommodaCon.	
  
Backwards Design
•  What	
  important	
  ideas	
  and	
  enduring	
  
understandings	
  do	
  you	
  want	
  the	
  students	
  to	
  
know?	
  
•  What	
  thinking	
  strategies	
  will	
  students	
  need	
  to	
  
demonstrate	
  these	
  understandings?	
  	
  
	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  McTighe	
  &	
  Wiggins,	
  2001	
  
Approaches
•  Assessment	
  for	
  learning	
  
•  Open-­‐ended	
  strategies	
  
•  Gradual	
  release	
  of	
  responsibility	
  
•  CooperaCve	
  learning	
  
•  Literature	
  circles	
  and	
  informaCon	
  circles	
  
•  Inquiry	
  
It’s All about Thinking – Brownlie & Schnellert, 2009
There is great success in engaging
students with text and conversation
using literature circles	

Literature Circles	

STUDENTS	

Within these groupings,	

choose
their
own
books	

are never
assigned
roles	

read at
their own
pace	

engage in
conversations	

keep journals
about readings
and conversations	

are taught
comprehension
strategies
Another Book Intro:
Students	
  need:	
  
•  strategies	
  to	
  hook	
  them	
  into	
  reading	
  
•  mulCple	
  ways	
  into	
  the	
  books	
  
•  an	
  opportunity	
  to	
  apply	
  the	
  strategies	
  you	
  
have	
  been	
  teaching	
  
•  opportuniCes	
  to	
  talk	
  with	
  others	
  about	
  their	
  
thinking	
  about	
  their	
  reading	
  
•  Cme	
  to	
  read	
  independently	
  
The Plan
•  Distribute	
  5-­‐6	
  different	
  first	
  pages	
  
•  Have	
  students	
  read	
  the	
  page	
  
•  Students	
  sketch	
  what	
  they	
  ‘see’	
  on	
  the	
  page	
  
•  Students	
  circle	
  powerful	
  words	
  
•  Students	
  ask	
  quesCons	
  around	
  the	
  text	
  
•  Students	
  meet	
  with	
  others	
  reading	
  the	
  same	
  page	
  and	
  
compare	
  their	
  notes	
  
•  Students	
  meet	
  with	
  others	
  not	
  reading	
  the	
  same	
  page	
  
and	
  compare	
  their	
  notes	
  
•  Students	
  read	
  independently,	
  in	
  the	
  novel	
  of	
  their	
  
choosing	
  
Books used:
Literature Circles: Residential
Schools
•  A	
  unit	
  co-­‐developed	
  by	
  	
  
– Marla	
  Gamble,	
  gr.	
  6	
  Classroom	
  Teacher,	
  Prince	
  
Rupert,	
  BC	
  
– Marilyn	
  Bryant,	
  Aboriginal	
  EducaCon	
  Program	
  
Resource	
  Teacher	
  
– Raegan	
  Sawka,	
  LUCID	
  Support	
  Teacher	
  (Learning	
  
for	
  Understanding	
  through	
  Culturally	
  Inclusive	
  
ImaginaCve	
  Development)	
  
•  Lesson	
  2:	
  	
  co-­‐designed	
  and	
  co-­‐taught:	
  	
  Marla	
  &	
  Faye	
  
•  1st	
  lesson	
  
–  Slide	
  presentaCon	
  on	
  First	
  NaCons	
  background	
  in	
  the	
  
geographic	
  area	
  with	
  some	
  reference	
  to	
  residenCal	
  schools	
  
•  2nd	
  lesson	
  
–  Whip	
  around	
  
–  Fishbowl	
  on	
  1st	
  paragraph	
  of	
  Fa#y	
  Legs	
  –	
  C.	
  Jordan-­‐Fenton	
  &	
  M.	
  
Poliak-­‐Fenton	
  (Annick	
  Press)	
  
–  Co-­‐created	
  criteria	
  for	
  effecCve	
  group	
  
–  Envelopes	
  of	
  5-­‐6	
  pictures	
  from	
  Fa#y	
  Legs	
  
–  Make	
  a	
  story	
  
–  Share	
  some	
  stories	
  
–  Walk	
  and	
  talk	
  
–  4	
  minute	
  write	
  –	
  story	
  behind	
  the	
  pictures	
  	
  
•  My	
  name	
  is	
  Olemaun	
  Pokiak	
  –	
  that’s	
  OO-­‐lee-­‐
mawn	
  -­‐	
  but	
  some	
  of	
  my	
  classmates	
  used	
  to	
  
call	
  me	
  “Fady	
  Legs”.	
  	
  They	
  called	
  me	
  that	
  
because	
  a	
  wicked	
  nun	
  forced	
  me	
  to	
  wear	
  a	
  
pair	
  of	
  red	
  stockings	
  that	
  made	
  my	
  legs	
  look	
  
enormous.	
  	
  But	
  I	
  put	
  an	
  end	
  to	
  it.	
  	
  How?	
  	
  Well,	
  
I	
  am	
  going	
  to	
  let	
  you	
  in	
  on	
  a	
  secret	
  that	
  I	
  have	
  
kept	
  for	
  more	
  than	
  60	
  years:	
  the	
  secret	
  of	
  how	
  
I	
  made	
  those	
  stockings	
  disappear.	
  
Inquiry Circles
•  Choose	
  your	
  inquiry	
  quesCon	
  
•  Model	
  how	
  to	
  ask	
  quesCons	
  from	
  an	
  image,	
  
within	
  the	
  framework	
  of	
  the	
  quesCon	
  
•  Fishbowl	
  an	
  inquiry	
  circle	
  conversaCon	
  
•  Other	
  student	
  observe	
  for	
  ‘what	
  works’	
  
•  Build	
  criteria	
  for	
  effecCve	
  group	
  behaviour	
  
What is the smartest adaptation for
survival in their environment?
How do animals adapt?
Vocabulary/terms	
   Images	
  
Ques3ons	
   Key	
  ideas	
  
Inquiry Circles
•  Select	
  4-­‐5	
  different	
  arCcles,	
  focused	
  on	
  central	
  topic	
  or	
  
theme.	
  
•  Present	
  arCcles	
  and	
  have	
  students	
  choose	
  the	
  one	
  they	
  
wish	
  to	
  read.	
  
•  Present	
  note-­‐taking	
  page.	
  
•  Student	
  fill	
  in	
  all	
  boxes	
  EXCEPT	
  ‘key	
  ideas’	
  before	
  
meeCng	
  in	
  the	
  group.	
  
•  Students	
  meet	
  in	
  ‘like’	
  groups	
  and	
  discuss	
  their	
  arCcle,	
  
deciding	
  together	
  on	
  ‘key	
  ideas’.	
  
•  Students	
  meet	
  in	
  non-­‐alike	
  groups	
  and	
  present	
  their	
  
informaCon	
  from	
  their	
  arCcle.	
  
•  Brownlie,	
  Fullerton,	
  Schnellert	
  –	
  It’s	
  All	
  about	
  Thinking	
  –	
  
Collabora3ng	
  to	
  support	
  all	
  learners	
  in	
  Math	
  &	
  Science,	
  2011	
  
•  Brownlie,	
  King	
  -­‐	
  Learning	
  in	
  Safe	
  Schools	
  –	
  Crea3ng	
  classrooms	
  
where	
  all	
  students	
  belong,	
  2nd	
  ed,	
  Pembroke	
  Publishers,	
  2011	
  
•  Brownlie,	
  Schnellert	
  –	
  It’s	
  All	
  about	
  Thinking	
  –	
  Collabora3ng	
  to	
  
support	
  all	
  learners	
  in	
  English	
  &	
  Humani3es,	
  2009	
  
•  Brownlie,	
  Feniak,	
  Schnellert	
  -­‐	
  Student	
  Diversity,	
  2nd	
  ed.,	
  Pembroke	
  
Pub.,	
  2006	
  
•  Brownlie,	
  Jeroski	
  –	
  Reading	
  and	
  Responding,	
  grades	
  4-­‐6,	
  2nd	
  ediCon,	
  
Nelson,	
  2006	
  
•  Brownlie	
  -­‐	
  Grand	
  Conversa3ons,	
  Portage	
  and	
  Main	
  Press,	
  2005	
  
•  Brownlie,Feniak,	
  McCarthy	
  -­‐	
  Instruc3on	
  and	
  Assessment	
  of	
  ESL	
  
Learners,	
  Portage	
  and	
  Main	
  Press,	
  2004	
  

Chilliwack.thinking

  • 1.
    Thinking to Learningin Inclusive Classrooms Chilliwack   April  4,  2014   Faye  Brownlie   Slideshare.net/fayebrownlie/chilliwack.thinking  
  • 2.
  • 3.
    Frameworks It’s All aboutThinking (English, Humanities, Social Studies) – Brownlie & Schnellert, 2009 It’s All about Thinking (Math, Science)– Brownlie, Fullerton, Schnellert, 2011
  • 4.
    Universal Design forLearning MulCple  means:   -­‐to  tap  into  background  knowledge,  to  acCvate   prior  knowledge,  to  increase  engagement  and   moCvaCon   -­‐to  acquire  the  informaCon  and  knowledge  to   process  new  ideas  and  informaCon   -­‐to  express  what  they  know.                        Rose  &  Meyer,  2002  
  • 5.
    Choose a lesson • Think  of  all  the  users  at  the  point  of  design.   •  Who  mighty  not  be  able  to  do  this?   •  Think  of  the  goal,  not  the  acCvity/method.   •  Accessibility  not  accommodaCon.  
  • 6.
    Backwards Design •  What  important  ideas  and  enduring   understandings  do  you  want  the  students  to   know?   •  What  thinking  strategies  will  students  need  to   demonstrate  these  understandings?                      McTighe  &  Wiggins,  2001  
  • 7.
    Approaches •  Assessment  for  learning   •  Open-­‐ended  strategies   •  Gradual  release  of  responsibility   •  CooperaCve  learning   •  Literature  circles  and  informaCon  circles   •  Inquiry   It’s All about Thinking – Brownlie & Schnellert, 2009
  • 8.
    There is greatsuccess in engaging students with text and conversation using literature circles Literature Circles STUDENTS Within these groupings, choose their own books are never assigned roles read at their own pace engage in conversations keep journals about readings and conversations are taught comprehension strategies
  • 9.
    Another Book Intro: Students  need:   •  strategies  to  hook  them  into  reading   •  mulCple  ways  into  the  books   •  an  opportunity  to  apply  the  strategies  you   have  been  teaching   •  opportuniCes  to  talk  with  others  about  their   thinking  about  their  reading   •  Cme  to  read  independently  
  • 10.
    The Plan •  Distribute  5-­‐6  different  first  pages   •  Have  students  read  the  page   •  Students  sketch  what  they  ‘see’  on  the  page   •  Students  circle  powerful  words   •  Students  ask  quesCons  around  the  text   •  Students  meet  with  others  reading  the  same  page  and   compare  their  notes   •  Students  meet  with  others  not  reading  the  same  page   and  compare  their  notes   •  Students  read  independently,  in  the  novel  of  their   choosing  
  • 11.
  • 12.
    Literature Circles: Residential Schools • A  unit  co-­‐developed  by     – Marla  Gamble,  gr.  6  Classroom  Teacher,  Prince   Rupert,  BC   – Marilyn  Bryant,  Aboriginal  EducaCon  Program   Resource  Teacher   – Raegan  Sawka,  LUCID  Support  Teacher  (Learning   for  Understanding  through  Culturally  Inclusive   ImaginaCve  Development)   •  Lesson  2:    co-­‐designed  and  co-­‐taught:    Marla  &  Faye  
  • 13.
    •  1st  lesson   –  Slide  presentaCon  on  First  NaCons  background  in  the   geographic  area  with  some  reference  to  residenCal  schools   •  2nd  lesson   –  Whip  around   –  Fishbowl  on  1st  paragraph  of  Fa#y  Legs  –  C.  Jordan-­‐Fenton  &  M.   Poliak-­‐Fenton  (Annick  Press)   –  Co-­‐created  criteria  for  effecCve  group   –  Envelopes  of  5-­‐6  pictures  from  Fa#y  Legs   –  Make  a  story   –  Share  some  stories   –  Walk  and  talk   –  4  minute  write  –  story  behind  the  pictures    
  • 14.
    •  My  name  is  Olemaun  Pokiak  –  that’s  OO-­‐lee-­‐ mawn  -­‐  but  some  of  my  classmates  used  to   call  me  “Fady  Legs”.    They  called  me  that   because  a  wicked  nun  forced  me  to  wear  a   pair  of  red  stockings  that  made  my  legs  look   enormous.    But  I  put  an  end  to  it.    How?    Well,   I  am  going  to  let  you  in  on  a  secret  that  I  have   kept  for  more  than  60  years:  the  secret  of  how   I  made  those  stockings  disappear.  
  • 23.
    Inquiry Circles •  Choose  your  inquiry  quesCon   •  Model  how  to  ask  quesCons  from  an  image,   within  the  framework  of  the  quesCon   •  Fishbowl  an  inquiry  circle  conversaCon   •  Other  student  observe  for  ‘what  works’   •  Build  criteria  for  effecCve  group  behaviour  
  • 24.
    What is thesmartest adaptation for survival in their environment? How do animals adapt?
  • 27.
    Vocabulary/terms   Images   Ques3ons   Key  ideas  
  • 28.
    Inquiry Circles •  Select  4-­‐5  different  arCcles,  focused  on  central  topic  or   theme.   •  Present  arCcles  and  have  students  choose  the  one  they   wish  to  read.   •  Present  note-­‐taking  page.   •  Student  fill  in  all  boxes  EXCEPT  ‘key  ideas’  before   meeCng  in  the  group.   •  Students  meet  in  ‘like’  groups  and  discuss  their  arCcle,   deciding  together  on  ‘key  ideas’.   •  Students  meet  in  non-­‐alike  groups  and  present  their   informaCon  from  their  arCcle.  
  • 36.
    •  Brownlie,  Fullerton,  Schnellert  –  It’s  All  about  Thinking  –   Collabora3ng  to  support  all  learners  in  Math  &  Science,  2011   •  Brownlie,  King  -­‐  Learning  in  Safe  Schools  –  Crea3ng  classrooms   where  all  students  belong,  2nd  ed,  Pembroke  Publishers,  2011   •  Brownlie,  Schnellert  –  It’s  All  about  Thinking  –  Collabora3ng  to   support  all  learners  in  English  &  Humani3es,  2009   •  Brownlie,  Feniak,  Schnellert  -­‐  Student  Diversity,  2nd  ed.,  Pembroke   Pub.,  2006   •  Brownlie,  Jeroski  –  Reading  and  Responding,  grades  4-­‐6,  2nd  ediCon,   Nelson,  2006   •  Brownlie  -­‐  Grand  Conversa3ons,  Portage  and  Main  Press,  2005   •  Brownlie,Feniak,  McCarthy  -­‐  Instruc3on  and  Assessment  of  ESL   Learners,  Portage  and  Main  Press,  2004