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Chicken breeds .pdf
Hybrid broiler breeds were developed for commercial use and have specific characteristics including faster growth, larger breast meat yield, more efficient feed conversion, and greater disease resistance. They are used by commercial broiler producing companies but do not lay as many eggs as dedicated layer breeds which were genetically selected for high egg production. Layer breeds come in two varieties - those that lay white eggs and those that lay brown eggs. Small farms may also keep non-commercial breeds valued for egg color, temperament, or dual purposes of meat and eggs.
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Chicken breeds .pdf
- 8. Broiler – Hybrids orcombinations of different breeds • Developed for specific characteristics – Grow faster and larger – Large breast meat yield – More efficient feed conversion – More disease resistance • Used by commercial broiler producing companies • Weakness: Do not lay as many eggs as layer breeds Commercial Broiler Breeds Hybrids or combinations of different breeds • Developed for specific characteristics § Grow faster and larger § Large breast meat yield – More efficient feed conversion – More disease resistance • Used by commercial broiler producers • Don’t lay as many eggs as layers Zuidhof, M.J, B.L. Schneider, V.L. Carney, D.R. Korver, & F.E. Robinson. 2014. Growth, efficiency, and yield of commercial broilers from 1957, 1978, and 2005. Poultry Science, 93(12), 2970-2982. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2014-04291
- 9. Commercial Broiler: CornishCross 1.White Cornish x White Plymouth Rock • Reach 4 – 5 lb. in 6 weeks • Reach 6 – 10 lb. in 8 - 12 weeks 2. White Cornish • Broad & meaty 3. White Plymouth Rock • Docile & good dual purpose breed (layer and broiler)
- 10. Broiler – Hybrids orcombinations of different breeds • Developed for specific characteristics – Grow faster and larger – Large breast meat yield – More efficient feed conversion – More disease resistance • Used by commercial broiler producing companies • Weakness: Do not lay as many eggs as layer breeds Commercial Layer Breeds Layers: • Genetically selected for high egg production • Small-bodied birds Two types: • Birds that lay white eggs (white ear lobes) • Birds that lay brown eggs (red ear lobes) • Other breeds lay other colored eggs, but not at commercial scale; popular with small-scale producers
- 11. Commercial Layer Breeds 1.White Leghorns • Very good layers of white eggs 2. Rhode Island Red • Very good layers of brown eggs Small-scale favorites due to egg color, personality, dual purpose, ability to range, or other factors a. Orpington b. Hybrids (e.g., Golden Comet) c. Barred Rock d. Easter Eggers e. Araucana
- 12. Examples of Non-commercialBreeds Laying breeds • Ameraucana: blue eggs • Araucana: blue to bluish-green eggs • Maran: large dark brown eggs Dual purpose breeds • Plymouth Rock • Welsummer: deep red eggs Meat breeds • Brahma: large breed, good winter layer • Delaware: Good for small farms • Jersey Giant: Good disposition • Orpington: Good dual-purpose bird • Wyandotte: Good dual- purpose bird, does well in cold
- 13. Examples of Non-commercialBreeds Ornamental breeds • Cochin: Good winter layer and popular show bird • Langshan: Good dual purpose bird laying brown eggs • Polish: A favorite pet, known for topknot of feathers • Silkie: Unique looking, ideal pet chicken, excellent broody hen