Chemistry project metals
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The document discusses different properties and uses of metals such as aluminum, phosphorus, and iron. It notes that aluminum is increasingly used as an electric conductor and for cooking utensils and food packaging. Aluminum alloys are light and strong, making them suitable for aircraft and vehicle parts. Phosphorus is important for health and is used in matches. The document also discusses rust, which is the corrosion of iron when it reacts with oxygen and water, and methods for preventing corrosion, including anodizing aluminum.
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Aluminium
Aluminum was first isolated in 1885 but was initially more expensive than gold. It is now widely used due to several beneficial properties including low density, corrosion resistance, and good thermal and electrical conductivity. Aluminum and its alloys have many applications including construction, transportation, cooking utensils, and electronics due to properties like light weight, formability, and resistance to corrosion. It is produced commercially using the Hall-Héroult process involving electrolysis of molten aluminum oxide.
Presentation ''Production of aluminum''
This document discusses the material and energy requirements for aluminum production. It notes that in 2010, global aluminum production was 41.4 million tons, requiring 621 billion kWh of electricity, which accounted for 3% of total global electricity production. Aluminum is primarily produced through the Bayer process to refine bauxite into alumina, followed by the Hall-Héroult process to reduce alumina into aluminum. Secondary aluminum production involves recycling aluminum scrap and hydroxide. Producing 1kg of aluminum requires mining 5,900kg of earth, 5.1kg of bauxite, 1.93kg of alumina, and 0.45kg of carbon anode. Recycling aluminum hydroxide
Aluminium and its alloy
This document provides information about aluminium and its alloys. It discusses that aluminium is a light, silvery-white metal that is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It has a density of 2.7 g/cm3, making it about one third as dense as steel. Aluminium alloys have tensile strengths ranging from 70 to 700 MPa. The document also outlines common aluminium alloys like duralumin and y-alloy and their applications in transportation, cooking utensils, coins, and musical instruments.
8 alumina
This presentation discusses alumina, its manufacturing process, properties, and applications. Alumina, also known as aluminum oxide, is a widely used ceramic material that is the starting point for producing aluminum metal. It is produced through the Bayer process, which refines bauxite ore containing 40-60% alumina. Alumina has high strength, stiffness, thermal and chemical stability, hardness, and compression strength along with low density, making it suitable for a variety of industrial and commercial applications including as an abrasive, catalyst, purifying agent, composite fiber, and filler.
ALUMINUM OF PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
ALUMINUM
THE 13TH ELEMENT IN THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
*WHAT IS ALUMINUM?
- Aluminum derives its name from alum. The Latin name for alum is 'alumen' meaning bitter salt. Note on Naming: Sir Humphry Davy proposed the name aluminum for the element, however, the name aluminium was adopted to conform with the "ium" ending of most elements. This spelling is in use in most countries.
Aluminium was also the spelling in the U.S. until 1925, when the American Chemical Society officially decided to use the name aluminum instead.
*WHO DISCOVERED ALUMINUM?
-Hans Christian Oersted
*FACTS ABOUT OERSTED
-Hans Christian Oersted launched a new epoch in science when he discovered that electricity and magnetism are linked.
He showed by experiment that an electric current flowing through a wire could move a nearby magnet.
The discovery of electromagnetism set the stage for the eventual development of our modern technology-based world.
Oersted also discovered the chemical compound piperine and achieved the first isolation of the element aluminum.
ALUMINUM BASIC FACTS:
Symbol: Al Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Weight:26.981539 Element Classification Basic Metal CAS Number: 7429-90-5
Aluminum Periodic Table Location
Group: 13 Period: 3 Block: p
ALUMINUM PHYSICAL DATA
State at room temperature (300 K): Solid Appearance: soft, light, silvery white metal Density: 2.6989 g/cc Density at Melting Point: 2.375 g/cc Specific Gravity: 7.874 (20 °C) Melting Point: 933.47 K, 660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F
Boiling Point: 2792 K, 2519 °C, 4566 °F Critical Point: 8550 K Heat of Fusion: 10.67 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization: 293.72 kJ/mol Molar Heat Capacity: 25.1 J/mol·K Specific Heat: 24.200 J/g·K (at 20 °C)
*Uses and properties
-Image explanation
Aircraft fuselages and aluminium foil are just two of the many and varied uses of this element.
-Appearance
Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable.malleable.
Aluminium ppt
The document describes the process for extracting aluminum from bauxite ore. It involves crushing and grinding the bauxite, mixing it with a caustic soda solution in digesters, cooling the slurry, settling out the impurities, precipitating out the aluminum hydroxide, and calcining it to remove water. The aluminum hydroxide is then smelted using the Hall-Heroult process, which involves dissolving alumina in a molten cryolite bath using an electric current passing between carbon anodes and cathodes to produce molten aluminum.
Constituents of an alloy
An alloy is a homogenous mixture of two or more metals or a non-metal. Alloys are usually harder than their components but less ductile and malleable. The melting point of an alloy is always lower than the melting points of its constituent metals, and other properties such as reactivity, strength, ductility, and color also change when metals are alloyed. The document then lists some examples of alloys and their compositions.
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This document discusses the uses of aluminum in building construction. It begins with an introduction to aluminum, including its history, properties, and production. It then outlines various applications of aluminum in buildings, such as for external and internal components, equipment, industrial structures, prefabricated buildings, and finishes. The document concludes by noting aluminum's prevalence in the construction industry due to its light weight, corrosion resistance, workability, and recyclability.
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Aluminium
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This document discusses the material and energy requirements for aluminum production. It notes that in 2010, global aluminum production was 41.4 million tons, requiring 621 billion kWh of electricity, which accounted for 3% of total global electricity production. Aluminum is primarily produced through the Bayer process to refine bauxite into alumina, followed by the Hall-Héroult process to reduce alumina into aluminum. Secondary aluminum production involves recycling aluminum scrap and hydroxide. Producing 1kg of aluminum requires mining 5,900kg of earth, 5.1kg of bauxite, 1.93kg of alumina, and 0.45kg of carbon anode. Recycling aluminum hydroxide
Aluminium and its alloy
This document provides information about aluminium and its alloys. It discusses that aluminium is a light, silvery-white metal that is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It has a density of 2.7 g/cm3, making it about one third as dense as steel. Aluminium alloys have tensile strengths ranging from 70 to 700 MPa. The document also outlines common aluminium alloys like duralumin and y-alloy and their applications in transportation, cooking utensils, coins, and musical instruments.
8 alumina
This presentation discusses alumina, its manufacturing process, properties, and applications. Alumina, also known as aluminum oxide, is a widely used ceramic material that is the starting point for producing aluminum metal. It is produced through the Bayer process, which refines bauxite ore containing 40-60% alumina. Alumina has high strength, stiffness, thermal and chemical stability, hardness, and compression strength along with low density, making it suitable for a variety of industrial and commercial applications including as an abrasive, catalyst, purifying agent, composite fiber, and filler.
ALUMINUM OF PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
ALUMINUM
THE 13TH ELEMENT IN THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
*WHAT IS ALUMINUM?
- Aluminum derives its name from alum. The Latin name for alum is 'alumen' meaning bitter salt. Note on Naming: Sir Humphry Davy proposed the name aluminum for the element, however, the name aluminium was adopted to conform with the "ium" ending of most elements. This spelling is in use in most countries.
Aluminium was also the spelling in the U.S. until 1925, when the American Chemical Society officially decided to use the name aluminum instead.
*WHO DISCOVERED ALUMINUM?
-Hans Christian Oersted
*FACTS ABOUT OERSTED
-Hans Christian Oersted launched a new epoch in science when he discovered that electricity and magnetism are linked.
He showed by experiment that an electric current flowing through a wire could move a nearby magnet.
The discovery of electromagnetism set the stage for the eventual development of our modern technology-based world.
Oersted also discovered the chemical compound piperine and achieved the first isolation of the element aluminum.
ALUMINUM BASIC FACTS:
Symbol: Al Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Weight:26.981539 Element Classification Basic Metal CAS Number: 7429-90-5
Aluminum Periodic Table Location
Group: 13 Period: 3 Block: p
ALUMINUM PHYSICAL DATA
State at room temperature (300 K): Solid Appearance: soft, light, silvery white metal Density: 2.6989 g/cc Density at Melting Point: 2.375 g/cc Specific Gravity: 7.874 (20 °C) Melting Point: 933.47 K, 660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F
Boiling Point: 2792 K, 2519 °C, 4566 °F Critical Point: 8550 K Heat of Fusion: 10.67 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization: 293.72 kJ/mol Molar Heat Capacity: 25.1 J/mol·K Specific Heat: 24.200 J/g·K (at 20 °C)
*Uses and properties
-Image explanation
Aircraft fuselages and aluminium foil are just two of the many and varied uses of this element.
-Appearance
Aluminium is a silvery-white, lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable.malleable.
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The document describes the process for extracting aluminum from bauxite ore. It involves crushing and grinding the bauxite, mixing it with a caustic soda solution in digesters, cooling the slurry, settling out the impurities, precipitating out the aluminum hydroxide, and calcining it to remove water. The aluminum hydroxide is then smelted using the Hall-Heroult process, which involves dissolving alumina in a molten cryolite bath using an electric current passing between carbon anodes and cathodes to produce molten aluminum.
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An alloy is a homogenous mixture of two or more metals or a non-metal. Alloys are usually harder than their components but less ductile and malleable. The melting point of an alloy is always lower than the melting points of its constituent metals, and other properties such as reactivity, strength, ductility, and color also change when metals are alloyed. The document then lists some examples of alloys and their compositions.
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The document summarizes the process of extracting aluminium from bauxite ore. Bauxite ore is dissolved in cryolite to lower its melting point before being electrolyzed in a molten electrolyte. During electrolysis, positively charged aluminium ions move to the negatively charged carbon cathode, gaining electrons and forming aluminium atoms. Negatively charged oxide ions move to the positively charged carbon anode, losing electrons and forming oxygen gas. Some oxygen reacts with the carbon anode to form carbon dioxide, requiring frequent anode replacement. The overall process uses electrolysis to extract aluminium from bauxite ore dissolved in cryolite.
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Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It is a soft, lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal that is highly conductive of heat and electricity. Aluminum occurs naturally as bauxite ore and is extracted through the Bayer process to produce alumina, which is then smelted using the Hall-Héroult process to produce aluminum metal. Aluminum and its alloys have a variety of applications due to their properties, including in transportation, packaging, construction, and electrical sectors. Aluminum is fully recyclable without loss of quality and recycling it requires much less energy than producing it from ore.
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The document discusses the production of aluminum through the Hall-Heroult process. It involves dissolving alumina in a cryolite electrolyte and passing an electric current to reduce the alumina to aluminum. Key raw materials include alumina, carbon anodes, cryolite, aluminum fluoride and large amounts of electrical power. Prebaked carbon anodes are made from coke, pitch and butts and are essential to the electrolysis process. The continuous smelting process requires maintaining the potline 24/7 to avoid costly shutdowns.
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Aluminum was first discovered in 1827, though impure forms were produced as early as 1825. It is extracted through an electrolysis process using cryolite to lower the melting point of aluminum oxide. During electrolysis, aluminum forms at the cathode and oxygen forms at the anode, while the carbon anodes gradually erode away. Aluminum is strong, lightweight, corrosion resistant and a good conductor of electricity and heat, making it useful for construction, transportation, packaging and electrical applications. Recycling aluminum is important due to the large amount of energy required for extraction.
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Rust forms through a chemical reaction called oxidation. When iron comes into contact with oxygen in the air and water, the iron reacts and forms iron oxide, commonly known as rust. The rusting reaction occurs as iron loses electrons and combines with oxygen to form ferric oxides. An experiment was set up to observe rust forming on iron wool placed in beakers of water, vinegar, and nothing over three days to see how the location affects the rusting process.
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Here is a slide, which introduces basic information about cast aluminum alloys, how to name each alloy, selection rules, some example regrading of alloys from each group and their properties.
Hope you find it interesting and helps you in any way possible.
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Aluminum is a lightweight metal that is widely used due to its properties and extraction process. It can be extracted from bauxite ore through the Bayer process, which involves dissolving the aluminum-containing minerals in sodium hydroxide to produce alumina, which is then electrolyzed to produce aluminum metal. Aluminum is commonly used in alloys to improve strength and is applied in transportation and construction due to its corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and high strength to weight ratio.
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The document summarizes the process of extracting aluminium from bauxite ore. Bauxite ore is dissolved in cryolite to lower its melting point before being electrolyzed in a molten electrolyte. During electrolysis, positively charged aluminium ions move to the negatively charged carbon cathode, gaining electrons and forming aluminium atoms. Negatively charged oxide ions move to the positively charged carbon anode, losing electrons and forming oxygen gas. Some oxygen reacts with the carbon anode to form carbon dioxide, requiring frequent anode replacement. The overall process uses electrolysis to extract aluminium from bauxite ore dissolved in cryolite.
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Iron and steel corrode when exposed to oxygen in the air, forming rust. Rust occurs through a chemical reaction where iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide. The iron oxide molecules are larger than the original iron atoms, causing rust to flake off and weaken the metal over time. Some elements added to steel, such as copper, can slow the rusting process by forming protective oxide layers. Stainless steel is an alloy that is highly resistant to rusting due to the formation of a thin, stable chromium oxide film that protects the underlying metal.
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This document provides information on iron and steel. It discusses the chemical and physical properties of iron, including its various allotropes. It describes how iron is produced through smelting and how various impurities affect its properties. The document also discusses the production of steel and various types of steel based on carbon content. It summarizes the history of iron and steel production and modern industrial processes.
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Aluminium is extracted through an electrolysis process using cryolite to lower the melting point of bauxite ore. Large electrolysis plants run continuously, applying a strong electric current to molten alumina to produce aluminum ions at the cathode. The byproduct is oxygen or carbon dioxide from the carbon anode. Anodizing produces a thicker, stronger protective oxide layer on aluminum's surface, allowing its use in various applications where its light weight and conductivity are valuable.
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Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It is a soft, lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal that is highly conductive of heat and electricity. Aluminum occurs naturally as bauxite ore and is extracted through the Bayer process to produce alumina, which is then smelted using the Hall-Héroult process to produce aluminum metal. Aluminum and its alloys have a variety of applications due to their properties, including in transportation, packaging, construction, and electrical sectors. Aluminum is fully recyclable without loss of quality and recycling it requires much less energy than producing it from ore.
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This document summarizes the extraction process of aluminium. It begins by describing how aluminium is commonly found combined with other elements in rocks. It then discusses bauxite, the main ore for aluminium, which forms from the weathering of aluminium-containing rocks in tropical areas. The summary describes the two main steps to extract aluminium as purifying bauxite into high purity alumina using the Bayer process, and then reducing the alumina using carbon in an electrolysis process to produce molten aluminium metal. It concludes by listing some key uses of aluminium such as in transportation and electrical applications due to its light weight, conductivity, and corrosion resistance.
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The document discusses the production of aluminum through the Hall-Heroult process. It involves dissolving alumina in a cryolite electrolyte and passing an electric current to reduce the alumina to aluminum. Key raw materials include alumina, carbon anodes, cryolite, aluminum fluoride and large amounts of electrical power. Prebaked carbon anodes are made from coke, pitch and butts and are essential to the electrolysis process. The continuous smelting process requires maintaining the potline 24/7 to avoid costly shutdowns.
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Aluminum was first discovered in 1827, though impure forms were produced as early as 1825. It is extracted through an electrolysis process using cryolite to lower the melting point of aluminum oxide. During electrolysis, aluminum forms at the cathode and oxygen forms at the anode, while the carbon anodes gradually erode away. Aluminum is strong, lightweight, corrosion resistant and a good conductor of electricity and heat, making it useful for construction, transportation, packaging and electrical applications. Recycling aluminum is important due to the large amount of energy required for extraction.
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This document discusses various ferrous and non-ferrous metals used in construction. It describes steel as a primary structural building material that forms the skeleton of a building. Stainless steel is highlighted as an alloy of iron, carbon, chromium, nickel, and magnesium known for its corrosion resistance and attractive appearance due to chromium. The document also mentions aluminum, brass, copper, and lead as common non-ferrous metals used in secondary building elements and decorative applications.
Cape Unit 2 Module 3 Aluminium Extraction Cram Sheet
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This document discusses different types of steel. It begins by defining steel as an iron alloy containing carbon and other elements. The main types discussed are carbon steels, alloy steels, stainless steels, and tool steels. Carbon steels are further broken down by their carbon content into low, medium, and high carbon steels. Alloy steels contain additional elements to manipulate properties. Stainless steels generally contain 10-20% chromium and can be austenitic, ferritic, or martensitic based on crystalline structure. Tool steels contain additional elements like tungsten and molybdenum to increase heat resistance.
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Cape Unit 2 Module 3 Aluminium Extraction Cram Sheet
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Metals can be summarized as follows:
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2) Alloys are mixtures of metals that are stronger and harder than pure metals due to interfering atomic layers.
3) Metals are extracted from ores via chemical and thermal processes, with the most common being the extraction of iron in a blast furnace.
Science modified
Metals have many useful properties which allow them to be used for countless applications. They are strong, conduct heat and electricity well, and can be easily shaped. Most metallic objects are actually alloys, which are mixtures of metals that can have improved properties compared to pure metals. There are over 80 types of pure metals, and the most common are aluminum and iron. Metals are extracted from ores in rock or obtained through recycling old metal objects.
Science modified
Metals have many useful properties which allow them to be used for countless applications. They are strong, conduct heat and electricity well, and can be easily shaped. Most metallic objects are actually alloys, which are mixtures of metals that can have improved properties compared to pure metals. There are over 80 types of pure metals, and the most common are aluminum and iron. Metals are extracted from ores in rock or obtained through recycling old metal objects.
Science modified
Metals have many useful properties including strength, conductivity, and heat resistance, making them valuable for countless applications from infrastructure to electronics. There are over 80 types of pure metals, but most objects are made from alloys combining metals for improved qualities. Metals can be extracted from ores or recycled, and shaped through casting, pressing, cutting, or other metalworking techniques.
METALS.ppt
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. They are usually shiny, malleable, and ductile. The main types of metals are ferrous (containing iron) and non-ferrous. Ferrous metals include pig iron, cast iron, wrought iron, and various types of steel depending on carbon content. Non-ferrous metals include aluminum, copper, brass, lead, and tin. Metals can be protected from corrosion through processes like tarring, painting, galvanizing, and electroplating which form protective coatings.
Aluminium Ppt
This document discusses the uses of aluminum in building construction. It begins with an introduction to aluminum, including its history, properties, and production. It then outlines various applications of aluminum in buildings, such as for external and internal components, equipment, industrial structures, prefabricated buildings, and finishes. The document concludes by noting aluminum's prevalence in the construction industry due to its light weight, corrosion resistance, workability, and recyclability.
Chemistry In Industry & Technology
Iron is extracted from iron ore deposits in the ground through the blast furnace process. Iron ore, consisting of iron oxides like magnetite and hematite, is heated in the blast furnace to remove oxygen and produce pure iron. Steel is made by further purifying iron through heating it to remove impurities. Aluminum is produced through the electrolysis of alumina, using cryolite to lower the melting point in the process. Catalysts are used in many chemical processes to increase reaction rates and produce desired products through heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions. Fuel cells generate electricity through the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, while rechargeable batteries can be recharged through reversible chemical reactions.
3. obtaining-metals-
This document discusses the extraction of metals from ores. It begins by stating that most metals are found in nature combined with other elements in compounds like oxides, sulfides, and carbonates. It then explains different extraction methods including heating alone, heating with carbon or carbon monoxide, and electrolysis. As an example, it describes the extraction of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace. The document also briefly discusses alloys and their important uses.
Aluminium
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, making up over 8% of its mass. It naturally occurs as aluminum sulfate minerals which combine aluminum with sulfuric acid. While pure aluminum does not occur in nature, it can be produced through electrolysis. Aluminum has various uses in construction, interior decoration, and transportation due to its light weight, corrosion resistance, and ability to form strong alloys. Proper finishing is important to protect aluminum from corrosion and achieve desired aesthetic effects. Common finishes include mechanical treatments, pre-treatments, anodizing, and liquid or powder coatings.
PowerPoint Presentation on Metals and Non Metals
I had tell about the Chemical properties and Physical properties on Metals and Non Metals. Please comment me for more PPT.
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Chemistry project metals
- 2. We use different metals for different jobs as they have different properties: it’s important to choose the right metals for the job. The properties of a metal are changed by including other elements, such as carbon. A mixture of two or more elements, where at least one element is a metal, is called an alloy.
- 3. Aluminium is increasingly replacing copper as an electric conductor , especially in overhead cables It is used to make cooking utensils Aluminium foil is used for packing food Aluminium powder is used as paint to prevent rusting of iron Aluminium alloys are light and strong .they can be used to make bodies and engines parts of aircrafts and car
- 4. Phosphorous is used . phosphorus to the health of body in general and bones and teeth. phosphorus catches fire readily so it is used in all matches. This use is being reduced at very high rate. There are two types of phosphorous powders , like red powder and white powder
- 5. Rust is also called as iron oxide Reaction of iron with oxygen and water is called rust Activity to show conditions for rusting Rust is the normal electrochemical process of metals returning to their natural unrefined state. It occurs when Iron, Oxygen and Water (air moisture) combine. The rusting process can be accelerated when Iron is subjected to nature's minerals, chemicals and temperature fluctuations.
- 6. Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. It is the gradual destruction of materials (usually metals) by chemical reaction with their environment.
- 7. We can prevent corrosion by many methods One of the methods are – Anodizing of aluminium To do anodizing of aluminium we must put a layer of aluminium oxide on aluminium , this id done by a process called anodizing. This prevents further corrosion of metals. It consist of passing electric current through sulphuric acid using aluminium as anode