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This document discusses the science of ballistics and its application in crime scene analysis. It explains the different types of ballistics including internal, transition, external, and terminal ballistics. Ballistics analysis examines bullets and tool marks to match guns to bullets and link suspects to crimes. Scientists use comparison microscopes and pressed marking analysis, applying chemicals to reveal filed-off serial numbers and match bullets to weapons. This information helps investigators solve crimes by linking physical evidence like bullets and casings to specific firearms and individuals.
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This document provides information about firearms and toolmarks analysis in crime scene investigations. It describes key parts of guns like the barrel, cartridge case, slide, and firing pin. It explains how guns work and the components of cartridges, including the primer, smokeless gunpowder, and projectile. It also details characteristics of bullets like rifling impressions, striations, caliber and rifling number that examiners analyze to determine if a specific gun was involved in a shooting. Class characteristics refer to marks that are common to a brand or type of firearm, while individual characteristics are unique to a single firearm.
Bullet and toolmark analysis
Firearms identification is a forensic discipline concerned with determining if a bullet was fired from a particular weapon. While class characteristics like groove patterns and caliber can provide some information, they are not enough for a positive identification. Examiners use comparison microscopes to analyze striation marks left on bullets and cartridge casings by the firearm's barrel and firing mechanism. This allows for positive identifications of bullets and casings to the weapons that fired them. However, shotguns present unique challenges due to the spread of pellets or slugs. Firearms examiners also perform other analyses like distance determination and reconstruction of shooting incidents. Proper evidence handling is important, such as unloading weapons safely before submitting them to labs and
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Here are the names for the alkynes in the sample exercises:
1. 5-ethyl-3-octyne
2. 2,2-dimethyl-3-pentyne
3. 1-butyne
Chemistry in our daily life
Chemistry word can be represented as C for chemistry, H for health, E for environment, M for medicines, I for industries, S for sciences, T for teaching, R for research and Y for you.
we are a living chemistry as we are made of chemicals only and there are a lot of chemical reactions going in our body.
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This document provides information about firearms and toolmarks analysis in crime scene investigations. It describes key parts of guns like the barrel, cartridge case, slide, and firing pin. It explains how guns work and the components of cartridges, including the primer, smokeless gunpowder, and projectile. It also details characteristics of bullets like rifling impressions, striations, caliber and rifling number that examiners analyze to determine if a specific gun was involved in a shooting. Class characteristics refer to marks that are common to a brand or type of firearm, while individual characteristics are unique to a single firearm.
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Firearms identification is a forensic discipline concerned with determining if a bullet was fired from a particular weapon. While class characteristics like groove patterns and caliber can provide some information, they are not enough for a positive identification. Examiners use comparison microscopes to analyze striation marks left on bullets and cartridge casings by the firearm's barrel and firing mechanism. This allows for positive identifications of bullets and casings to the weapons that fired them. However, shotguns present unique challenges due to the spread of pellets or slugs. Firearms examiners also perform other analyses like distance determination and reconstruction of shooting incidents. Proper evidence handling is important, such as unloading weapons safely before submitting them to labs and
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[I-TALENTS] - GIẢI MÃ VÂN TAY
Dấu Vân tay là dấu ấn riêng của mỗi người. Tuyệt đối không có dấu vân tay trùng nhau. Ẩn số của não bộ nằm tại các đường vân tay.
Khám phá bản thân tại italents: www.i-talents.vn
Hotline: 0938 80 5757
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Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT)
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Collecting Evidence at Crime Scene
Once a crime scene is properly secured and the initial walk through has been conducted the collection of the evidence located during the walk through will be commence. Evidence is essential to providing the police with the clues they need to determine who committed the crime and to prove in a court of law a criminal defendant is guilty of the crime they are accused. While evidence can be collected at the crime scene if it is not properly collected and documented it will not be eligible for a court of law. Each type of evidence located at the crime scene can provide valuable information about the crime.
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When collecting evidence at a crime scene some evidence is extremely volatile and dangerous and must be handled carefully. If the scene contains actual explosive the scene will be evacuated and a bomb squad will be called to remove the dangerous evidence. Once the explosives are removed or if the forensic team is looking for proof an explosive was used at a crime scene they will begin the search for explosive residue. The research for residue involves the use of an alternative light source and knowledge of the different accelerants used at the scene.
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Chemistry presentation
- 1. Chemistry of ballistics in the crime scene Ellie Cox
- 2. What are they?... • Ballistics is the science that deals with the motion and the effects of projectiles such as bullets and also rockets. • Ballistic body- The gun will be referred to this at a crime scene. • Ballistic science will analyse the projectiles (bullets) that are released from the ballistic body, the gun.
- 3. Internal ballistics… • Look at things such as the passage of a bullet through the barrel of the rifle, to see any damage of the passage from the projectile. Transition ballistics… • Analysing the bullet or projectile when it leaves the barrel and the pressure behind it.
- 4. External ballistics… • Looking at the space or air that the projectile passes until it gets to its desired target e.g. flesh/material. Terminal ballistics… Analysing the interaction of the bullet with its target e.g. flesh/material.
- 5. Firearm ballistics • This type of ballistics are used within a crime scene to analyse the tool mark evidence allowing them to match guns or any other tools to certain bullets and crimes.
- 6. Bullet comparisons… Within crime scenes visual analysis is used to compare bullets retrieved from the crime scene and link them with a suspects bullet. To do this a bullet will be fired from the suspects gun into a water tank, doing this they will be able to link certain bullets to certain suspects. They can use the lands, grooves and twists on the bullets to tell them: • The manufacturer, • The model • The model • And sometimes the year of the make.
- 7. Ballistics analysis… • Bullet casing • Evidence will be retrieved in a evidence bag and necessary forms will be filled out before any evidence is used and experimented on.
- 8. • Once this has been done, scientists are able to use a comparison microscope that will have two separate lenses allowing them to differentiate two different bullets using clues like serial numbers. • • The comparison microscopes are also used in crime scenes to differentiate suspects finger prints.
- 9. Pressed marking analysis… • Pressed marking analysis is a vital technique within crime scene science, using chemistry to initiate serial numbers from bullets that have been filed off by the offender. Serial numbers on bullets will allow us to link the bullet with certain guns, therefore linking them with criminals with the same gun and also the same bullets that can be linked to other crimes.
- 10. • Chemistry has allowed us to be able to retrieve the serial number if it has been filed off… • First off all the area of the bullet will be smoothed down using sand paper, • Secondly it will be rinsed with acetone, which is an organic compound used as the main ingredient within nail varnish remover, • Next copper on a cotton bud will be introduced and rubbed on the area, this will then produce a chemical reaction between the iron • This chemical reaction will then cause the serial number to reappear on the area.
- 11. References… Bill Maher. (Aug 30th 2010). FIREARMS IDENTIFICATION AND BALLISTICS. Available: http://www.drtomoconnor.com/3210/3210lect05a.htm. Last accessed 26th Jan 2011. Lisa Steele. (2009). Ballistics. Available: http://www.aware.org/arttruelaw/5450051chap1_abs.pdf. Last accessed 25th Jan 2011 R.Conan-Davies. (2006). Crime scene investigation chemistry. Available: http://clearlyexplained.com/answers/CSIchemistry.html. Last accessed 26th Jan 2011 http://www.forensicsciencescholars.org/resources/video/forensic-chemistry-lab- ballistics - Video of pressed marking analysis http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?q=bullets+serial+numbers&um=1&hl=en&tbm =isch&tbnid=sLh2iokR9dS79M:&imgrefurl=http://www.ssaa.org.au/stories/hand guns-the-versatile-357-magnum.html&docid=gYL5Drrl5nUlHM&imgurl=http:// - Image of bullets
Editor's Notes
- A technique used to differentiate bullets that will be retrieved from the crime scene by crime scene officers.