CHAPTER-13, CLASS XII
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This document defines key concepts related to markets. It discusses that a market is a place where goods and services are exchanged between buyers and sellers, including wholesalers and retailers. It also describes different types of markets based on their geographical scope, the types of goods exchanged, and the roles of buyers and sellers. Specific markets mentioned include commodity, capital, money, primary, secondary, terminal, spot, and futures markets. The document concludes with definitions of traditional and production-oriented marketing concepts.
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Markets around us
The document discusses different types of markets including weekly markets, shopping complexes, wholesale markets, and online markets. Weekly markets are held one day a week where consumers can find goods at low rates and engage in bargaining. Shopping complexes are multi-story buildings that house branded products from various retailers. They have fixed prices and fewer people can afford the branded goods. Online markets allow consumers to shop from home using websites and credit cards. The markets provide goods through a chain from producers to wholesale and retail traders to consumers.
Retail trades
Retail trade involves the sale of goods directly to consumers in small quantities to meet their needs. Retailers purchase goods from wholesalers and sell them directly to consumers. They provide services like home delivery and credit facilities. There are two main types of retailers - itinerant retailers who move from place to place selling goods like hawkers, and fixed shop retailers who operate from a permanent location, ranging from small general stores to large supermarkets and department stores. Retailers play an important role in the economy by connecting producers and consumers.
Types Of Market
There are several types of markets where buyers and sellers can exchange goods and services. Consumer markets involve individuals purchasing items from retailers in physical stores, online, or through mail order/catalogs. Industrial markets consist of businesses buying from other businesses to produce new products. Commodity markets trade primary sector goods like crops and metals, which often come from developing countries. Capital markets allow companies to raise funds through selling stock on the stock market or bonds on bond markets.
Market and Classification of Market
Market and Marketing ppt was prepared according to VAE 321 course. Livestock Economics, Marketing and Business Management course contains this chapter
Markets Around Us
A weekly market is a type of market that is held on a specific day of the week in a location without permanent shops. Traders set up temporary shops each day to sell a variety of goods, from vegetables and groceries to clothing and household items, before closing up in the evening. Weekly markets provide consumers access to cheaper goods and a variety of options in one location, though they come with some disadvantages like potential defective products or cheating compared to permanent shops.
Retail Management
This document provides an overview of retail management and the evolution of retailing in India. It discusses what retail is, the services retailers provide, and different types of retailers like itinerant, fixed shop, small scale, and large scale retailers. It also outlines the functions of retailers like assembling goods, creating place utility, keeping product varieties, and more. Additionally, it examines the key drivers that are changing retail in India like socio-economic factors, changing income and age demographics, evolving family structures, expanding consumption, and increased access to credit.
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Markets around us
The document discusses different types of markets including weekly markets, shopping complexes, wholesale markets, and online markets. Weekly markets are held one day a week where consumers can find goods at low rates and engage in bargaining. Shopping complexes are multi-story buildings that house branded products from various retailers. They have fixed prices and fewer people can afford the branded goods. Online markets allow consumers to shop from home using websites and credit cards. The markets provide goods through a chain from producers to wholesale and retail traders to consumers.
Retail trades
Retail trade involves the sale of goods directly to consumers in small quantities to meet their needs. Retailers purchase goods from wholesalers and sell them directly to consumers. They provide services like home delivery and credit facilities. There are two main types of retailers - itinerant retailers who move from place to place selling goods like hawkers, and fixed shop retailers who operate from a permanent location, ranging from small general stores to large supermarkets and department stores. Retailers play an important role in the economy by connecting producers and consumers.
Types Of Market
There are several types of markets where buyers and sellers can exchange goods and services. Consumer markets involve individuals purchasing items from retailers in physical stores, online, or through mail order/catalogs. Industrial markets consist of businesses buying from other businesses to produce new products. Commodity markets trade primary sector goods like crops and metals, which often come from developing countries. Capital markets allow companies to raise funds through selling stock on the stock market or bonds on bond markets.
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Markets Around Us
A weekly market is a type of market that is held on a specific day of the week in a location without permanent shops. Traders set up temporary shops each day to sell a variety of goods, from vegetables and groceries to clothing and household items, before closing up in the evening. Weekly markets provide consumers access to cheaper goods and a variety of options in one location, though they come with some disadvantages like potential defective products or cheating compared to permanent shops.
Retail Management
This document provides an overview of retail management and the evolution of retailing in India. It discusses what retail is, the services retailers provide, and different types of retailers like itinerant, fixed shop, small scale, and large scale retailers. It also outlines the functions of retailers like assembling goods, creating place utility, keeping product varieties, and more. Additionally, it examines the key drivers that are changing retail in India like socio-economic factors, changing income and age demographics, evolving family structures, expanding consumption, and increased access to credit.
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The document discusses the roles of middlemen and importance of inventories in marketing management. It was prepared by Sadan Nomiani and Sharad Singh under the guidance of Dr. Yasir Arafat Elahi Sir. The key points covered include the functions of middlemen such as facilitating the flow of goods between producers and consumers, types of middlemen like wholesalers and retailers, and importance of maintaining inventories to ensure continuous production and meet customer demand.
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This document discusses different types of retailers. It identifies various classifications for retailers including merchandise vs services retailers, and types of ownership structures like single-store, chains, and franchises. It provides examples of major retailers within categories like supermarkets, department stores, drugstores, category specialists, and discusses characteristics of different formats.
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7. spl 7. market around us
Markets are places where buying and selling of goods and services takes place. There are different types of markets like weekly markets, neighborhood shops, shopping complexes, and online markets. Weekly markets are temporary and goods are cheaper there, while shopping complexes have branded goods but are more expensive. Markets connect producers, traders, and consumers, but there is inequality as profits differ based on levels of investment and spending power.
Retail management
Retail management involves all activities needed to make products and services available to customers, including raising capital, purchasing inventory, managing warehouses, developing products, and marketing. It aims to bring customers into stores to fulfill their needs efficiently. Effective retail management considers social, economic, technological, political, and legal factors. It breaks up bulk inventory, provides product variety and service, and acts as a link between vendors and end users. Common types of retail stores include department stores, discount stores, supermarkets, warehouse stores, specialty stores, and malls. Successful retail managers are people-oriented, flexible, decisive, analytical, and have stamina.
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The document discusses the roles of middlemen and different types of middlemen in the distribution channel between producers and consumers. It defines a middleman as a trader who buys from producers and sells to retailers or consumers, acting as an intermediary. Middlemen include wholesalers and retailers. Wholesalers buy large quantities from manufacturers and sell smaller quantities to retailers. Retailers then sell directly to consumers, providing a variety of products, small quantities, and convenient locations. Both wholesalers and retailers perform important functions in the distribution process such as breaking bulk, storage, packaging, financing, risk taking, and marketing.
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This document discusses different types of retail institutions and ownership structures, including independent retailers, chain stores, and franchises. It then covers various types of retailing like food retailers, general merchandise retailers, non-store retailers, and service retailing. Food retailers discussed include conventional supermarkets, superstores, supercenters, warehouse supermarkets, and convenience stores. General merchandise retailers mentioned are department stores, discount stores, specialty stores, category specialists/killers, home improvement centers, and warehouse clubs. The document also touches on non-store retailing like catalogue, direct mail, direct sell, TV home shopping, and vending machines.
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This document summarizes retailing and wholesaling in India. Retailing involves directly selling products to end customers for personal use, and is expected to grow 25-30% annually. Retail has organized and unorganized forms and includes sectors like food, clothing, and consumer durables. Wholesaling involves buying large quantities from manufacturers and reselling smaller quantities to retailers. It provides a vital link between manufacturers and retailers. Wholesaling is growing in India due to the potential in retail, manufacturers needing more wholesalers, and companies finding distribution costly.
Functions of Retailer
The document discusses retailing and the functions of retailers. It provides definitions of retailing as involving the sale of goods to consumers through distribution channels to earn a profit. The key functions of retailers mentioned are:
1) Buying and assembling goods from wholesalers and manufacturers.
2) Warehousing and storing goods in stores until they are sold to consumers.
3) Selling goods directly to consumers through various methods to satisfy consumer demand.
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The document discusses different types of retail stores and how shopping locations have changed over time. It describes convenience stores for everyday items, CBD stores for higher-end goods, street markets, out-of-town superstores, retail parks grouping stores together, and metro stores attached to gas stations. It then asks questions about Tesco's history, starting in London in 1919 and growing into an international chain operating in several countries.
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The document discusses different types of wholesalers and retailers in business. It defines a wholesaler as someone who sells goods in large quantities to other businesses rather than directly to consumers. Key types of wholesalers mentioned are manufacturer wholesalers, retail wholesalers, and merchant wholesalers. The document also outlines various functions performed by wholesalers like assembling, storage, transportation, financing, risk bearing, and more. It then discusses different scales and types of retailers, from small scale operators to large department stores, chain stores, and supermarkets.
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The document discusses competition and pricing in the Indian food retailing industry. It provides background on the emergence of modern retail formats in India and the classification of different retail store types. It then focuses on food retailing, describing some of the major players in the industry like Reliance Fresh, Subhiksha, Food Bazaar, and More Retail. It also discusses opportunities for new food retail formats and the factors influencing the business environment for different formats.
Chapter two types of retailers with pictures
This document discusses different types of retailers. It covers characteristics of general merchandise retailers and objectives to think about. It then categorizes various types of food retailers like supermarkets, supercenters, and convenience stores. General merchandise retailers are also categorized, including department stores, discount stores, and category specialists. Service retailers are defined and differences between service and merchandise retailers are explained. Finally, types of retail ownership like independent stores, corporate chains, and franchises are outlined.
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In this presentation, we will discuss about the concept and definition of wholesaling, characteristics of wholesaling, functions of wholesaler. We will also talk about services provide by the wholesaler to producers, retailers, consumers, growth and trend of wholesaler, types of wholesalers and wholesaler marketing decisions.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
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Retailing is the act of selling products or services to people for their personal, non business use. A retailer is a business that specializes in the act of retailing primarily.
Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final customers for their personal, non business use. A retailer is any business enterprise whose sales volume comes primarily from retailing.
Evolution of retail formats
The document summarizes the evolution of retail formats over time. It describes how the first department stores emerged in the mid-19th century in Paris and how self-service concepts began in the early 20th century. It then discusses the rise of supermarkets and hypermarkets in the 1930s-1960s, which consolidated products and provided more information to aid consumer decision making. Specialty stores, malls, and e-commerce platforms like Amazon further transformed retail by catering to changing consumer needs and demands. Retail formats have continually adapted to social, economic, and technological landscapes.
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This document provides an agenda and overview for a presentation on markets and marketing. It includes definitions of key terms like market and marketing. It describes 5 concepts in marketing: production, product, selling, marketing, and societal marketing concepts. It outlines several approaches to marketing like product, institutional, functional, management, and system approaches. It also discusses factors that influence the marketing concept like growth of population, changing family concepts, and urbanization. Finally, it outlines the importance of marketing for societies and consumers, organizations, and factors influencing marketing decisions.
MARKET & MARKETING.pptx
This document provides an agenda and overview for a presentation on markets and marketing. It includes definitions of key terms like market and marketing. It describes 5 concepts in marketing: production, product, selling, marketing, and societal marketing concepts. It outlines the importance of marketing for society/consumers and organizations. It also discusses different approaches to marketing like product, institutional, functional, management, and system approaches. Finally, it lists factors that influence the marketing concept such as growth of population, changing family concepts, and urbanization.
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Markets are places where buying and selling of goods and services takes place. There are different types of markets like weekly markets, neighborhood shops, shopping complexes, and online markets. Weekly markets are temporary and goods are cheaper there, while shopping complexes have branded goods but are more expensive. Markets connect producers, traders, and consumers, but there is inequality as profits differ based on levels of investment and spending power.
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This document discusses several traditional markets in India, including New Market in Kolkata known for its variety of shops, Johari Bazaar in Jaipur known for Rajasthani jewelry, Dilli Haat in New Delhi which sells handicrafts from all over India, Ima Market in Imphal run primarily by women vendors, a floating vegetable market on Dal Lake in Srinagar, and Laad Bazaar in Hyderabad known for bangles. It also discusses how these markets have maintained their traditions while India has modernized.
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The document discusses the roles of middlemen and different types of middlemen in the distribution channel between producers and consumers. It defines a middleman as a trader who buys from producers and sells to retailers or consumers, acting as an intermediary. Middlemen include wholesalers and retailers. Wholesalers buy large quantities from manufacturers and sell smaller quantities to retailers. Retailers then sell directly to consumers, providing a variety of products, small quantities, and convenient locations. Both wholesalers and retailers perform important functions in the distribution process such as breaking bulk, storage, packaging, financing, risk taking, and marketing.
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This document summarizes retailing and wholesaling in India. Retailing involves directly selling products to end customers for personal use, and is expected to grow 25-30% annually. Retail has organized and unorganized forms and includes sectors like food, clothing, and consumer durables. Wholesaling involves buying large quantities from manufacturers and reselling smaller quantities to retailers. It provides a vital link between manufacturers and retailers. Wholesaling is growing in India due to the potential in retail, manufacturers needing more wholesalers, and companies finding distribution costly.
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The document discusses retailing and the functions of retailers. It provides definitions of retailing as involving the sale of goods to consumers through distribution channels to earn a profit. The key functions of retailers mentioned are:
1) Buying and assembling goods from wholesalers and manufacturers.
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3) Selling goods directly to consumers through various methods to satisfy consumer demand.
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The document discusses different types of retail stores and how shopping locations have changed over time. It describes convenience stores for everyday items, CBD stores for higher-end goods, street markets, out-of-town superstores, retail parks grouping stores together, and metro stores attached to gas stations. It then asks questions about Tesco's history, starting in London in 1919 and growing into an international chain operating in several countries.
Wholesale n retailer
The document discusses different types of wholesalers and retailers in business. It defines a wholesaler as someone who sells goods in large quantities to other businesses rather than directly to consumers. Key types of wholesalers mentioned are manufacturer wholesalers, retail wholesalers, and merchant wholesalers. The document also outlines various functions performed by wholesalers like assembling, storage, transportation, financing, risk bearing, and more. It then discusses different scales and types of retailers, from small scale operators to large department stores, chain stores, and supermarkets.
Competition & pricing in food retailing
The document discusses competition and pricing in the Indian food retailing industry. It provides background on the emergence of modern retail formats in India and the classification of different retail store types. It then focuses on food retailing, describing some of the major players in the industry like Reliance Fresh, Subhiksha, Food Bazaar, and More Retail. It also discusses opportunities for new food retail formats and the factors influencing the business environment for different formats.
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This document discusses different types of retailers. It covers characteristics of general merchandise retailers and objectives to think about. It then categorizes various types of food retailers like supermarkets, supercenters, and convenience stores. General merchandise retailers are also categorized, including department stores, discount stores, and category specialists. Service retailers are defined and differences between service and merchandise retailers are explained. Finally, types of retail ownership like independent stores, corporate chains, and franchises are outlined.
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Retailing is the act of selling products or services to people for their personal, non business use. A retailer is a business that specializes in the act of retailing primarily.
Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final customers for their personal, non business use. A retailer is any business enterprise whose sales volume comes primarily from retailing.
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CHAPTER-13, CLASS XII
- 1. CONCEPTS OF MARKETS 1. PLACE: Market is a place, where products and services are sold or exchanged
- 2. 2. AREA: Market means geographical area in which products and services are sold or exchanged. 3. DEMAND Market refers to the aggregate demand for a product or service.
- 3. 4. PEOPLE: Market consists of buyers and sellers, and middlemen who assist in buying and selling.
- 4. MARKET TRADITIONAL VOLUME SUBJECT OF EXCHANGE POSITION OF BUYERS & SELLERS NATURE OF TRANSACTIONS NATURE OF GOODS
- 6. VOLUME OF BUSINESS WHOLESALE RETAIL
- 7. SUBJECT OF EXCHANGE COMMODITY MARKET CAPITAL MARKET MONEY MARKET
- 8. COMMODITY MARKET: Organized market, where commodities are bought and sold according to prescribed rules and regulations. CAPITAL MARKET: Specialized market for providing long term finance to business enterprises. Specialized financial institutions, stock exchanges, investment trusts, etc.
- 9. MONEY MARKET: Specialized market for providing short term finance to business enterprises. Banks.
- 10. POSITION OF BUYERS & SELLERS PRIMARY MARKET SECONDARY MARKET TERMINAL MARKET
- 11. PRIMARY MARKET: Primary producers sell their agricultural products to the wholesalers or their agents. SECONDARY MARKET: Wholesalers sell their products to retailers. TERMINAL MARKET: Retailers sell their goods to consumers.
- 12. NATURE OF TRANSACTIONS SPOT MARKET FUTURE MARKET
- 13. SPOT MARKET: Goods are physically transferred from sellers to buyers. FUTURE MARKETS: Buyers and sellers enter into future contracts without the intention of actual delivery of goods. To make profit out of fluctuations in prices.
- 14. NATURE OF GOODS CONSUMERS ‘ MARKET Goods purchased for final consumption. PRODUCERS’ MARKET Goods purchased for use in further production.
- 16. TRADITIONAL CONCEPT: Marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers or users. Marketing begins after the goods are produced and comes to an end with their sale. Emphasis on physical process of distributing goods and services. Focus is on the product rather than on satisfaction of customers.
- 17. PRODUCTION ORIENTED CONCEPT: Consumers will prefer products that are widely available and inexpensive. Consumers are primarily interested in product availability and low prices. Emphasis on high production efficiency, low costs and mass distribution.