The document discusses emerging technologies and data science. It defines key concepts such as data, information, knowledge and data processing. It also covers different types of data from both computer programming and data analytics perspectives including structured, semi-structured, unstructured and metadata. The document highlights that data processing transforms raw data into useful information through input, processing and output stages.
This document provides an overview of emerging technologies and the industrial revolution. It discusses four industrial revolutions (IR 1.0-4.0) defined by major technological advances like steam power, electricity, computers and emerging technologies like IoT and AI. It also describes key inventions of each industrial revolution in transportation, communication and industry that drove economic growth. Finally, it discusses the role of data science in emerging technologies and different data types from structured to unstructured data.
Lesson 1 - Introduction to Emerging Technologies.pptxRizaJeanMAcanto
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and discusses several key topics:
- It defines emerging technologies and technological evolution and lists some current examples like AI, blockchain, AR/VR, and IoT.
- It describes the four industrial revolutions in history and the major innovations that defined each, including steam power, electricity, digital electronics, and cyber-physical systems.
- It explains important concepts like programmable devices, human-computer interaction, and the role of data in powering new technologies.
THIS IS AN INTRODUCTORY PPT OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND NEED IN REAL LIFE. THIS WIL EXPLAIN BSICS ABOUT ALL EMERGING TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR APPLICATION IN VARIOUS SECTOR
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT, describes its architecture which includes sensing, network, data processing and application layers. It discusses advantages like improved customer engagement and reduced waste, and disadvantages like security and privacy concerns. It also outlines several application areas of IoT like smart homes, healthcare, manufacturing and smart cities. Specific examples of IoT applications in agriculture, transportation and energy are given. Finally, it discusses some popular IoT tools and platforms.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, discussing the evolution of technology through industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to 4.0. It describes how each revolution introduced new manufacturing processes and technologies, moving from manual labor to machines powered by steam, electricity, and digitalization. The role of data for emerging technologies is also discussed. The document outlines different types of programmable devices, network devices, and how human-machine interaction occurs. It concludes by discussing trends in emerging technologies like 5G, AI, autonomous devices, blockchain, and more.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and data science. It discusses key concepts related to emerging technologies like human-machine interaction, future technology trends, and programmable devices. It also covers data types, the data processing cycle, and an overview of data science including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. The document aims to give the reader a high-level understanding of emerging technologies and data science concepts.
The document outlines the six generations of computers from 1940 to present day. The first generation used electro-mechanical components like relays and vacuum tubes. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation saw the invention of integrated circuits and microprocessors. Personal computers emerged in the fourth generation using microprocessor chips. The fifth generation focused on artificial intelligence. And the sixth generation features parallel computing with hundreds of processors working simultaneously.
An operating system organizes and controls hardware and software resources to allow a device to function in a predictable way. Common operating systems include Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX. An operating system manages resources like the processor and memory, provides a consistent way for applications to interact with hardware, and performs functions like running processes and managing user interfaces.
This document provides an overview of emerging technologies and the industrial revolution. It discusses four industrial revolutions (IR 1.0-4.0) defined by major technological advances like steam power, electricity, computers and emerging technologies like IoT and AI. It also describes key inventions of each industrial revolution in transportation, communication and industry that drove economic growth. Finally, it discusses the role of data science in emerging technologies and different data types from structured to unstructured data.
Lesson 1 - Introduction to Emerging Technologies.pptxRizaJeanMAcanto
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and discusses several key topics:
- It defines emerging technologies and technological evolution and lists some current examples like AI, blockchain, AR/VR, and IoT.
- It describes the four industrial revolutions in history and the major innovations that defined each, including steam power, electricity, digital electronics, and cyber-physical systems.
- It explains important concepts like programmable devices, human-computer interaction, and the role of data in powering new technologies.
THIS IS AN INTRODUCTORY PPT OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND NEED IN REAL LIFE. THIS WIL EXPLAIN BSICS ABOUT ALL EMERGING TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR APPLICATION IN VARIOUS SECTOR
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT, describes its architecture which includes sensing, network, data processing and application layers. It discusses advantages like improved customer engagement and reduced waste, and disadvantages like security and privacy concerns. It also outlines several application areas of IoT like smart homes, healthcare, manufacturing and smart cities. Specific examples of IoT applications in agriculture, transportation and energy are given. Finally, it discusses some popular IoT tools and platforms.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, discussing the evolution of technology through industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to 4.0. It describes how each revolution introduced new manufacturing processes and technologies, moving from manual labor to machines powered by steam, electricity, and digitalization. The role of data for emerging technologies is also discussed. The document outlines different types of programmable devices, network devices, and how human-machine interaction occurs. It concludes by discussing trends in emerging technologies like 5G, AI, autonomous devices, blockchain, and more.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and data science. It discusses key concepts related to emerging technologies like human-machine interaction, future technology trends, and programmable devices. It also covers data types, the data processing cycle, and an overview of data science including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. The document aims to give the reader a high-level understanding of emerging technologies and data science concepts.
The document outlines the six generations of computers from 1940 to present day. The first generation used electro-mechanical components like relays and vacuum tubes. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation saw the invention of integrated circuits and microprocessors. Personal computers emerged in the fourth generation using microprocessor chips. The fifth generation focused on artificial intelligence. And the sixth generation features parallel computing with hundreds of processors working simultaneously.
An operating system organizes and controls hardware and software resources to allow a device to function in a predictable way. Common operating systems include Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX. An operating system manages resources like the processor and memory, provides a consistent way for applications to interact with hardware, and performs functions like running processes and managing user interfaces.
Emerging technologies are technologies that are currently developing or expected to become available and create significant economic or social impact. This document discusses the evolution of technologies through industrial revolutions from 1.0 to 4.0, including the development of programmable devices, network devices, and human-machine interaction. It provides examples of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and big data.
Based on Capabilities
B. Based on Functionality
1. Reactive Machines:
- Reactive machines are the simplest form of AI. They perceive their environment and
respond in a predetermined manner to achieve a specific goal.
- Examples include thermostats, industrial robots, and vacuum cleaners.
2. Limited Memory:
- These systems can remember past experiences and use that information to guide future
actions.
- Examples include chess playing programs and self-driving cars.
3. Theory of Mind:
- These systems can model other agents and take their beliefs, intentions, and desires into
account.
- Examples include personal assistants like Siri that understand context.
4. Self
Introduction to Emerging Technology 13(1)(2).pptxBelay Alemayehu
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and data science. It begins with an overview of emerging technologies, including definitions of emerging technology and technological evolution. It then discusses the four industrial revolutions in detail. The document also covers data science concepts such as the roles of data scientists and different data types from various perspectives. It defines structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data.
The fourth industrial revolution – Understanding the opportunities and threats
With the speed of change that the new wave of technology represents we will consider the changing impact on business.
The document discusses the impact of information technology on society. It states that as IT advances, society will divide into two groups: technophiles who embrace new technologies, and technophobes who resist them, potentially growing to 25% of the population. It also argues that IT will radically change the definition of society, with personal interests becoming more important than shared customs, culture or location. The conclusion suggests that technological researchers should consider social impacts and work to seamlessly integrate new technologies into peoples' lives to avoid technologies failing due acceptance issues.
A little presentation/discussion about current and emerging technologies in libraries, as well as library/web 2.0., user generated content, and social media by robin fay, georgiawebgurl@gmail.com (Keynote address to GPLS Annual 2009)
This document provides an introduction to information technology. It defines information technology as any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate or disseminate information. The document then discusses two main components of information technology: computer technology and communications technology. It provides examples of how information technology is used in various contexts like education, business, law enforcement and more.
Chapter 7 Other Emerging Technologies.pptxAmanuelZewdie4
This document discusses several emerging technologies including nanotechnology, biotechnology, blockchain technology, cloud and quantum computing, autonomic computing, computer vision, embedded systems, and cybersecurity. It provides details on each technology such as definitions, applications, and how they work at a high level.
This document provides an introduction to robotics. It discusses the differences between computers/machines and humans, describing machines as precisely performing tasks with speed and accuracy while lacking common sense, and humans as capable of understanding, reasoning, and determining next steps though not well-suited for complex computations. It then describes the ideal for robots as hybrid machines that can continue operating autonomously when faced with new situations, possess reasoning abilities, and can sense their surroundings and manipulate objects.
This document provides an overview of a lecture on information technology fundamentals. It defines information and technology, explains how IT encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information. The lecture discusses the various forms information can take, provides a historical perspective on important developments in IT, and outlines how IT has impacted daily life and the economy. It also reviews the benefits and costs of information technology.
Computer science involves developing software and hardware that is used across many industries to streamline processes, increase security, and more. The field is important because computers are now integral parts of companies and daily life. Computer scientists work on programs, apps, games, and modeling that impact websites, smartphones, manufacturing, economics and government. Studying computer science offers a high paying job outlook, with average salaries for graduates around $59,221 according to CNN Money. Those interested should enjoy working with computers logically, in teams, and across industries.
What is Computer | Computer Full Form | Computer Definitiondmir3304
Know everything in detail about computer - What is Computer? Computer Full Form, Computer Definition, Computer Science, Types of Computer, Desktop Computer & more.
This document provides an introduction to information technology concepts including:
- Information is data that is communicated, understood, relevant, and useful. Information technology applies computers and networks to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data.
- A computer is a programmable device that receives input, processes and stores data, and provides useful output. Computers consist of hardware, software, and human users. The Von Neumann model includes a central processing unit, memory, input/output devices, and stored programs.
- Information technology impacts society through applications like e-learning, social media, simulations, video conferencing and more. It also allows businesses to view market changes faster and improve efficiency through applications and data management.
chapter 6 Ethics and Professionalism of ET.pptxAmanuelZewdie4
This document discusses ethics and emerging technologies. It begins by outlining learning objectives related to linking ethics and technology, ethical questions, digital privacy, and accountability. It then discusses how technology can impact human rights and how ethics is important for accountancy. New ethical questions raised by technologies like AI are explored, such as potential bias and discrimination. General ethical principles, professional responsibilities, and leadership principles are provided. The document defines digital, information, communication, and individual privacy. It discusses the importance of accountability and trust when using emerging technologies. Finally, it identifies threats and challenges of technologies like counterterrorism tools, surveillance, robotics, the internet of things, and big data.
The Industrial Revolution transformed societies from rural to urban industrial ones in the 18th century through mechanization. Industry has since evolved through four stages - mechanization with steam/water power (Industry 1.0), automated production using computers/IT (Industry 2.0), mass production with assembly lines and electricity (Industry 3.0), and currently smart factories using the internet of things, machine learning, big data, and cyber-physical systems (Industry 4.0). Industry 4.0 impacts include changes to security, identity, and education, while benefits are reduced costs, collaboration, and competitiveness - but it also risks increased inequality and tensions. Its key building blocks are cloud computing, autonomous robots, machine learning
“A computer once beat me at chess, but it was no match for me at kick boxing.”
— Emo Philips
A fascination for Science & Technology and keen interest in the ever-growing world of technology motivated me to take up engineering. The power of research and delivering it for the growth of Society is what makes me interested in the technology side of science. I choose to major Computer science Engineering with an intense urge to delve into this challenging field.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution builds on previous revolutions through emerging technologies like robotics, AI, IoT, 3D printing, and biotechnology. It is characterized by the fusion of technologies that blur physical, digital, and biological spheres. This revolution will disrupt economies, businesses, governments, societies, and individuals by changing the nature of work, customer expectations, and personal identity. Managing this transition requires new approaches to collaboration within and across these domains.
Information technology (IT) refers to anything related to computing technologies, such as hardware, software, networking, the internet, and the people who work with these technologies. IT is used for storing, protecting, processing, securing, transmitting, receiving, and retiring information. Advances in IT and the advent of personal computers in the 1980s moved the world into the information age and changed lifestyles. Networks connect computers globally, and cloud computing allows access to information from anywhere via the internet without needing large local storage. While IT provides benefits, it also presents risks like reduced employment and impacts on health from overuse. The future of IT remains uncertain but it is advancing rapidly.
Chapter 1 - Intro to Emerging Technologies.pptxTekle12
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, covering topics like the evolution of technologies through industrial revolutions (IR 1.0-4.0), the role of data, enabling devices and networks, and human-machine interaction. It discusses how technology has developed gradually through IRs, from mechanization and steam power in IR 1.0 to today's smart systems fueled by data in IR 4.0. Data is seen as a strategic asset driving science and technology forward. Networks and programmable devices like FPGAs and CPLDs enable emerging technologies.
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies. It discusses the evolution of technologies and defines emerging technologies. The industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0 are described along with important inventions in each era that enabled industrialization. The role of data in emerging technologies and examples of programmable devices are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing human-computer interaction and future trends in emerging technologies such as 5G networks, artificial intelligence, autonomous devices and blockchain.
Emerging technologies are technologies that are currently developing or expected to become available and create significant economic or social impact. This document discusses the evolution of technologies through industrial revolutions from 1.0 to 4.0, including the development of programmable devices, network devices, and human-machine interaction. It provides examples of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and big data.
Based on Capabilities
B. Based on Functionality
1. Reactive Machines:
- Reactive machines are the simplest form of AI. They perceive their environment and
respond in a predetermined manner to achieve a specific goal.
- Examples include thermostats, industrial robots, and vacuum cleaners.
2. Limited Memory:
- These systems can remember past experiences and use that information to guide future
actions.
- Examples include chess playing programs and self-driving cars.
3. Theory of Mind:
- These systems can model other agents and take their beliefs, intentions, and desires into
account.
- Examples include personal assistants like Siri that understand context.
4. Self
Introduction to Emerging Technology 13(1)(2).pptxBelay Alemayehu
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and data science. It begins with an overview of emerging technologies, including definitions of emerging technology and technological evolution. It then discusses the four industrial revolutions in detail. The document also covers data science concepts such as the roles of data scientists and different data types from various perspectives. It defines structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data.
The fourth industrial revolution – Understanding the opportunities and threats
With the speed of change that the new wave of technology represents we will consider the changing impact on business.
The document discusses the impact of information technology on society. It states that as IT advances, society will divide into two groups: technophiles who embrace new technologies, and technophobes who resist them, potentially growing to 25% of the population. It also argues that IT will radically change the definition of society, with personal interests becoming more important than shared customs, culture or location. The conclusion suggests that technological researchers should consider social impacts and work to seamlessly integrate new technologies into peoples' lives to avoid technologies failing due acceptance issues.
A little presentation/discussion about current and emerging technologies in libraries, as well as library/web 2.0., user generated content, and social media by robin fay, georgiawebgurl@gmail.com (Keynote address to GPLS Annual 2009)
This document provides an introduction to information technology. It defines information technology as any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate or disseminate information. The document then discusses two main components of information technology: computer technology and communications technology. It provides examples of how information technology is used in various contexts like education, business, law enforcement and more.
Chapter 7 Other Emerging Technologies.pptxAmanuelZewdie4
This document discusses several emerging technologies including nanotechnology, biotechnology, blockchain technology, cloud and quantum computing, autonomic computing, computer vision, embedded systems, and cybersecurity. It provides details on each technology such as definitions, applications, and how they work at a high level.
This document provides an introduction to robotics. It discusses the differences between computers/machines and humans, describing machines as precisely performing tasks with speed and accuracy while lacking common sense, and humans as capable of understanding, reasoning, and determining next steps though not well-suited for complex computations. It then describes the ideal for robots as hybrid machines that can continue operating autonomously when faced with new situations, possess reasoning abilities, and can sense their surroundings and manipulate objects.
This document provides an overview of a lecture on information technology fundamentals. It defines information and technology, explains how IT encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information. The lecture discusses the various forms information can take, provides a historical perspective on important developments in IT, and outlines how IT has impacted daily life and the economy. It also reviews the benefits and costs of information technology.
Computer science involves developing software and hardware that is used across many industries to streamline processes, increase security, and more. The field is important because computers are now integral parts of companies and daily life. Computer scientists work on programs, apps, games, and modeling that impact websites, smartphones, manufacturing, economics and government. Studying computer science offers a high paying job outlook, with average salaries for graduates around $59,221 according to CNN Money. Those interested should enjoy working with computers logically, in teams, and across industries.
What is Computer | Computer Full Form | Computer Definitiondmir3304
Know everything in detail about computer - What is Computer? Computer Full Form, Computer Definition, Computer Science, Types of Computer, Desktop Computer & more.
This document provides an introduction to information technology concepts including:
- Information is data that is communicated, understood, relevant, and useful. Information technology applies computers and networks to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data.
- A computer is a programmable device that receives input, processes and stores data, and provides useful output. Computers consist of hardware, software, and human users. The Von Neumann model includes a central processing unit, memory, input/output devices, and stored programs.
- Information technology impacts society through applications like e-learning, social media, simulations, video conferencing and more. It also allows businesses to view market changes faster and improve efficiency through applications and data management.
chapter 6 Ethics and Professionalism of ET.pptxAmanuelZewdie4
This document discusses ethics and emerging technologies. It begins by outlining learning objectives related to linking ethics and technology, ethical questions, digital privacy, and accountability. It then discusses how technology can impact human rights and how ethics is important for accountancy. New ethical questions raised by technologies like AI are explored, such as potential bias and discrimination. General ethical principles, professional responsibilities, and leadership principles are provided. The document defines digital, information, communication, and individual privacy. It discusses the importance of accountability and trust when using emerging technologies. Finally, it identifies threats and challenges of technologies like counterterrorism tools, surveillance, robotics, the internet of things, and big data.
The Industrial Revolution transformed societies from rural to urban industrial ones in the 18th century through mechanization. Industry has since evolved through four stages - mechanization with steam/water power (Industry 1.0), automated production using computers/IT (Industry 2.0), mass production with assembly lines and electricity (Industry 3.0), and currently smart factories using the internet of things, machine learning, big data, and cyber-physical systems (Industry 4.0). Industry 4.0 impacts include changes to security, identity, and education, while benefits are reduced costs, collaboration, and competitiveness - but it also risks increased inequality and tensions. Its key building blocks are cloud computing, autonomous robots, machine learning
“A computer once beat me at chess, but it was no match for me at kick boxing.”
— Emo Philips
A fascination for Science & Technology and keen interest in the ever-growing world of technology motivated me to take up engineering. The power of research and delivering it for the growth of Society is what makes me interested in the technology side of science. I choose to major Computer science Engineering with an intense urge to delve into this challenging field.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution builds on previous revolutions through emerging technologies like robotics, AI, IoT, 3D printing, and biotechnology. It is characterized by the fusion of technologies that blur physical, digital, and biological spheres. This revolution will disrupt economies, businesses, governments, societies, and individuals by changing the nature of work, customer expectations, and personal identity. Managing this transition requires new approaches to collaboration within and across these domains.
Information technology (IT) refers to anything related to computing technologies, such as hardware, software, networking, the internet, and the people who work with these technologies. IT is used for storing, protecting, processing, securing, transmitting, receiving, and retiring information. Advances in IT and the advent of personal computers in the 1980s moved the world into the information age and changed lifestyles. Networks connect computers globally, and cloud computing allows access to information from anywhere via the internet without needing large local storage. While IT provides benefits, it also presents risks like reduced employment and impacts on health from overuse. The future of IT remains uncertain but it is advancing rapidly.
Chapter 1 - Intro to Emerging Technologies.pptxTekle12
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, covering topics like the evolution of technologies through industrial revolutions (IR 1.0-4.0), the role of data, enabling devices and networks, and human-machine interaction. It discusses how technology has developed gradually through IRs, from mechanization and steam power in IR 1.0 to today's smart systems fueled by data in IR 4.0. Data is seen as a strategic asset driving science and technology forward. Networks and programmable devices like FPGAs and CPLDs enable emerging technologies.
This document provides an introduction to emerging technologies. It discusses the evolution of technologies and defines emerging technologies. The industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0 are described along with important inventions in each era that enabled industrialization. The role of data in emerging technologies and examples of programmable devices are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing human-computer interaction and future trends in emerging technologies such as 5G networks, artificial intelligence, autonomous devices and blockchain.
This chapter discusses emerging technologies and provides an overview of technological evolutions throughout history. It covers the role of data in emerging technologies, enabling devices and networks, human-computer interaction, and future technology trends. Specifically, it examines the four industrial revolutions defined by major technological innovations like steam power, electricity, digital electronics, and cyber-physical systems. It also outlines important inventions of each era like the steam engine, telegraph, and computer. The chapter establishes that data drives modern technologies and describes common programmable devices and network components. It explores the multidisciplinary field of human-computer interaction and disciplines that contribute to user-centered design. Finally, it highlights emerging trends in technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence,
Lecture 1 Introduction to Emerging Technology.pptxethiouniverse
The document provides an overview of the objectives and content of an introductory course on emerging technologies. The course aims to keep students up to date on emerging technology trends, tools, techniques and applications. It also seeks to describe 21st century emerging technologies and examine their impacts. The chapter objectives are outlined, including describing the evolution of technologies through industrial revolutions and identifying enabling devices, networks and future technology trends. The chapter content covers topics such as the role of data, programmable devices, human-computer interaction, and emerging technology trends in areas like healthcare. Challenges of emerging technologies are also discussed.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies and data science. It discusses the evolution of technologies through the various industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0. It then covers key concepts in data science including the data processing lifecycle, different data types, and the data value chain. Big data fundamentals and the Hadoop ecosystem are also introduced. The document aims to equip students with an understanding of emerging technologies and data science principles.
attachment(3).pptx emerging technology for freshworldchannel
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies by discussing the evolution of technologies through the various industrial revolutions (IR 1.0-4.0). It then discusses key topics in emerging technologies including the role of data, enabling devices and networks, human-machine interaction, and future technology trends. Some of the major points covered include:
- The four industrial revolutions transformed society through the development of steam power (IR 1.0), mass production (IR 2.0), computers/automation (IR 3.0), and smart/autonomous systems fueled by data (IR 4.0).
- Data drives emerging technologies and big data presents opportunities for innovation through understanding, exploring, and utilizing structured and
The document outlines emerging technologies and their evolution over time. It discusses the industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0, highlighting important inventions like the steam engine. It also examines the role of data in emerging technologies and introduces programmable devices. Finally, it explores human-computer interaction and how humans interact with machines.
The document outlines emerging technologies and their evolution over time. It discusses the industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0, highlighting important inventions like the steam engine. It also examines the role of data in emerging technologies and introduces programmable devices. Finally, it explores human-computer interaction and how humans interact with machines.
Industry 5.0 aims to support humans by finding an optimal balance of efficiency and productivity through collaboration between humans and robots. It builds on advancements from previous industrial revolutions by leveraging technologies like the Internet of Things and big data to add a personal human touch to automation. The progress of Industry 5.0 through this human-machine collaboration is seen as unavoidable and will benefit areas like business models, profitability, productivity, security, safety, and skills development.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, including definitions and examples. It discusses key topics like the evolution of technology, industrial revolutions from IR 1.0 to IR 4.0, the role of data in emerging technologies, and examples of programmable devices. The document traces the development of technology from early industrialization driven by steam power to the current digital revolution fueled by data and algorithms.
The document provides an introduction to emerging technologies, including definitions and examples. It discusses key topics such as human-machine interaction, the role of data, programmable devices, and future technology trends. The document also provides historical background on the four industrial revolutions and how they transformed society through technological innovations such as steam power, mass production, computers and now smart/autonomous systems fueled by data.
Why did industrial revolution starts?
All about industrial revolution. It's a beginner friendly blog.
It contains explanation about Industrial_Revolution_1.0 ,
Industrial_Revolution_2.0 ,
Industrial_Revolution_3.0 ,
Industrial_Revolution_4.0
with effective animations.
for real ppt with animation contact me :)
Emerging Exponential Technologies - History & IntroductionPrakhyath Rai
The Slide focusses on providing insights on following topics,
* Evolution of Technologies
* Introduction to Industrial Revolution
* Historical Background of the Industrial Revolution
* Introduction to Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
* Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
* Enabling Devices and Networks for Emerging Technologies (Programmable Devices)
* Human to Machine Interaction
* Future Trends in Emerging Technologies
Chapter One & Two.pptx introduction to emerging TechnologygadisaAdamu
This document provides an overview of emerging technologies and data science. It discusses key concepts like invention, innovation, and technology. It describes the four industrial revolutions and how they transformed society through innovations like the steam engine. Emerging technologies discussed include artificial intelligence, blockchain, and robotics. The role of data in powering emerging technologies is also examined. The document then shifts to discussing data science, defining data, information, and knowledge. It outlines the data processing cycle and common data types used in computer science.
The document discusses emerging and disruptive technologies. It defines technology as techniques, skills and processes used to produce goods and services. Emerging technologies are capable of changing the status quo and include technologies still in research that could transform industries like healthcare, education and transportation. Disruptive technologies create new markets by displacing existing technologies, like how personal computers displaced typewriters. Examples provided are PCs, smartphones, cloud computing and social media. Current emerging technologies mentioned are artificial intelligence, blockchain, augmented/virtual reality, internet of things, big data and robotic process automation. The document argues we may be in the midst of a fourth industrial revolution driven by technologies like robotics and autonomous vehicles.
CAM Unit 1- Industrial Revolution and Industry 4.0.pdfDrNitinJohri
The document discusses the history of industrial revolutions from the 18th century to present day. It covers four industrial revolutions driven by coal/steam power, gas/electricity, electronics/nuclear energy, and the internet/renewable energy. The current fourth revolution involves advanced technologies like AI, robotics, and the internet of things merging the physical and digital worlds. Industry 4.0 represents a shift to smart automation and interconnectivity in manufacturing through technologies like machine-to-machine communication and wireless DNC. Direct numerical control allows storing and distributing machining programs between computer and CNC machine tools.
Emerging technologies refer to new technologies that are currently being developed or will be developed in the near future that will significantly impact society. Technologies emerge and evolve through gradual changes and progress over time. There have been four industrial revolutions driven by emerging technologies: (1) use of steam power in the late 1700s, (2) introduction of electricity in the late 1800s, (3) development of digital technologies in the late 1900s, and (4) current era of artificial intelligence. Data plays a crucial role in enabling new emerging technologies by fueling innovation. Computers and other programmable devices are also enabling new technologies through human-computer interaction and connection via networks. Emerging technology trends that will shape the future
Industry 4.0 refers to the current trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. It includes cyber-physical systems, IoT, cloud computing and cognitive computing. Key features include interconnectivity, increased customization through 3D printing, integration of advanced analytics, reliance on cloud computing and use of autonomous robots. Challenges to implementing Industry 4.0 include high costs, lack of standards, security issues, disruptions to business models and potential job losses. For Bangladesh's garment industry, challenges include lack of government support, infrastructure and knowledge as well as availability of cheaper labor. Industry 5.0 is emerging as a future trend focused on closer human-machine cooperation and waste prevention.
This unit discusses socio-economic and political developments in Ethiopia from the early 16th to late 18th centuries. Major events include the expansion of trade leading to conflicts between the Christian Kingdom and Muslim Sultanates over trade routes. There were also significant population movements, such as by the Afar, Somali, Argoba and Oromo peoples. The period saw religious expansions and interactions between ethnic and religious groups. Specifically, it discusses the Gondarine period and the Zemene Mesafint era including Yejju rule.
The document outlines the political, religious, and socio-economic dynamics in Ethiopia and neighboring Muslim sultanates during the medieval period. It discusses the consolidation of the Solomonic dynasty in Ethiopia, the expansion of Christianity and religious reforms. It also describes the rise of Muslim sultanates like Ifat and Adal along trade routes, the rivalry between the Christian and Muslim powers over trade, and their external relations with Egypt and Europe.
Heterocyclic compounds contain ring structures that include other atoms in addition to carbon, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Common heterocycles include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, oxazole, isoxazole, and phenothiazine. These heterocycles are important in natural materials and pharmaceuticals. Nomenclature systems have been developed to systematically name heterocyclic compounds based on the number and type of atoms in the ring. Heterocycles exhibit different properties depending on whether the ring is saturated or unsaturated. Many heterocycles are synthesized through adaptations of the Paal-Knorr reaction.
This document provides an introduction to anthropology. It begins by defining anthropology as the study of humans, their origins, development, and variations across cultures and time periods. It notes that anthropology studies both the biological and cultural aspects of humans.
The document then outlines four main subfields of anthropology: physical/biological anthropology; archaeological anthropology; linguistic anthropology; and socio-cultural anthropology. It provides brief descriptions of the scope and focus of each subfield.
The document also discusses some key characteristics and aspects of human culture, which is a central focus of anthropological study. It defines culture and notes that culture is learned, shared, symbolic, integrated, adaptive and dynamic. It
The document discusses the structure and properties of amino acids. It notes that amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and contain both an amino group and a carboxyl group. There are 20 standard amino acids that are used in protein synthesis. Amino acids share a common core structure but differ in their variable side chains. They can be classified based on the polarity of their side chains and whether they are essential or non-essential to humans. The document also discusses the nomenclature and abbreviations of amino acids, as well as some specialized amino acids like selenocysteine.
This document discusses various types of isomers that can exist in organic chemistry, including constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, enantiomers, and diastereomers. It provides examples and definitions for each type of isomerism. Key points covered include the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system for naming enantiomers, optical activity arising from the interaction of chiral molecules with plane-polarized light, and methods for resolving racemic mixtures into their pure enantiomer components.
This document provides information on blood physiology, including:
- The functions of blood include transporting oxygen, nutrients, waste, and hormones throughout the body while maintaining temperature, pH, and fluid volume.
- Blood is composed of plasma and formed elements including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
- Red blood cells are produced through erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and contain hemoglobin, which transports oxygen and carbon dioxide. Erythropoietin regulates red blood cell production.
- Old red blood cells are destroyed by macrophages, and the iron and other components are recycled for use in producing new red blood cells.
Joints are where two bones meet, allowing movement and connecting the skeleton. They can be classified by function, like synarthroses which don't move, or amphiarthroses which move partially. Most common are diarthroses, which move freely. Structurally, joints are fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial. Synovial joints have a cavity filled with fluid and include knee, elbow, shoulder joints. They allow motions like flexion, extension, and rotation. Understanding joints is key to learning bone and muscle anatomy.
The document discusses cells and their structures. It begins by defining cells as the basic functional units of living organisms. It then describes the main components of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotic cells like bacteria do not. The document also discusses the structures within cells called organelles and their specific functions. It explains the cell membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, and different types of cellular junctions. Finally, it covers the cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and the role of the cytoskeleton in providing structure and facilitating movement within cells.
Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes within living organisms. The document introduces biochemistry and discusses several key topics:
1. It defines biochemistry and explains that it encompasses areas like cell biology, molecular biology, and genetics to understand life at the molecular level.
2. The major components of cells are described as water, organic biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids, and inorganic ions. Organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria are also introduced.
3. Biochemistry is applied in various fields including medicine, pharmacology, and agriculture to study physiological processes, drug interactions, and more. Understanding biochemistry provides insights into health, disease, and cellular function.
Water is essential for life and makes up a large percentage of the human body. The document discusses several key points about water and acid-base balance in the human body:
1) Water is involved in many critical functions like acting as a solvent, participating in metabolic reactions, and regulating body temperature. The body precisely controls water balance through mechanisms like thirst.
2) The body produces acids through cellular metabolism which can lower pH. However, several buffer systems precisely regulate pH, including bicarbonate buffers, phosphate buffers, and protein buffers.
3) When the pH shifts outside the narrow range of 7.35-7.45, it can cause acidosis or alkalosis respectively. The lungs,
1. Carbohydrates are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They include sugars, starches, and fibers and serve important functions in the body.
2. The document discusses the classification of carbohydrates into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Important monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
3. Polysaccharides are high molecular weight carbohydrates and include starch, glycogen, and cellulose. Starch is made of amylose and amylopectin and is an important storage carbohydrate in plants.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
3. 3
Invention: can be defined as the creation of a product or
introduction of a process for the first time.
Innovation: occurs if someone improves on or makes a
significant contribution to an existing product, process or
service.
As Expertise improve on the technology they innovate
it (improve the design)
Innovation follows from invention.
Introduction
4. 4
Technology: "science of the mechanical and industrial
arts”
The application of scientific knowledge to the
practical aims of human life.
Evolution: means the process of developing by gradual
changes.
It is about being open to continuing feedback and
adjusting your program(s) accordingly.
Introduction
5. 5
Can you imagine:
Transportation without the train, airplane or the car?
Without Communication => telephone?
Without time saving devices like the Refrigerator,
Washing Machine?
Life would be difficult without technology!
6. 6
Emerging technology
Emerging: “becoming prominent; newly formed and become
visible.”
Emerging technology is a general term used to describe a
new technology, but it may also refer to the continuing
development of existing technology.
It refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that
are expected to be available within the next five to ten years.
and is usually reserved for technologies that are creating or
are expected to create significant social or economic effects.
7. 7
Artificial Intelligence: Machine Learning & Deep Learning
Internet of Things: IoT, Sensors & Wearables
Immersive Media: VR, AR
Block chain: Distributed Ledger Systems, Crypto currencies
Big Data: Infrastructure, Technologies + Predictive Analytics
Automation: Information, Task, Process, Machine, Decision
Robots: Construction, Drones & Autonomous Vehicles
Mobile Technologies: Networks, services & devices
Technologies expected to acquire a huge market in
coming years-Emerging tech.
8. 8
IR is an increasing in production brought about the use of machines
and characterized by the use of new technologies.
The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the
way goods were produced, from human labor to machines
It was a period of major industrialization and innovation that took
place during the late 1700s and early 1800s.
It was a time when the manufacturing of goods moved from small
shops and homes to large factories.
This shift brought about changes in culture as people moved
from rural areas to big cities in order to work.
Industrial Revolution(IR)
9. 9
The following industrial revolutions fundamentally
changed and transfer the world around us into modern
society.
The steam engine
The age of science and mass production
The rise of digital technology
Smart and autonomous systems fueled by data and
machine learning.
Industrial Revolution(IR)
10. 10
Transportation: The Steam Engine, The Railroad, The
Diesel Engine, The Airplane.
Communication: The Telegraph, Cable, Internet,
Phonograph, Telephone, cell phone.
Industry: The Cotton Gin, The Sewing Machine, Electric
Lights.
Most Important Inventions of the IR
11. 11
Important Inventions- In industry
The Cotton Gin:
This device mechanized the process of
removing seeds from cotton, something
which was done by hand.
The Sewing Machine:
The machine allowed for
the mass production of
clothing, expanding the
nation's textile industry.
Electric Lights: large factories could be illuminated, extending
shifts and increasing manufacturing output.
12. 12
Important Inventions- In Communication
The Telegraph: allowed for communications
over long distances.
It allowed for the interconnection of towns,
which served as stations, and enabled the
system to cover a wider area.
The Transatlantic Cable
In 1839, the idea of having a cable that stretched across the Atlantic
was just the dream of a few engineers after the invention of the
telegraph.
13. 13
Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0)
The Industrial Revolution refers to the greatly increased
output of machine made goods that began in England in
the 1700s
The first European countries to be industrialized after
England were Belgium, France, and German.
The final cause of the Industrial Revolution was the
effects created by the Agricultural Revolution.
14. 14
The four types of industries are:
The primary industry involves getting raw materials e.g.
mining, farming, and fishing.
The secondary industry involves manufacturing e.g.
making cars and steel.
Tertiary industries provide a service e.g. teaching and
nursing.
The quaternary industry involves research and
development industries e.g. IT.
Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0)
15. 15
Primary industries are those
that produce raw materials
Agriculture is also a primary
industry as it produces “raw
materials” that require further
processing.
Example- mining, farming,
forestry, and fishing.
The Primary Industries
16. 16
The Secondary Industries
Change raw materials into
usable products through
processing & manufacturing.
Bakeries that make flour into
bread and factories that change
metals and plastics into vehicles
are examples of secondary
industries.
Example: making cars and steel.
17. 17
Tertiary Industries
Provide services & support to
allow other levels of industry
to function.
Example: Transportation,
education, housing, medical, ...
The creation & transfer of
information, including
research and training.
Example IT
Quaternary Industries
18. 18
Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
Is described as a transition to
new manufacturing
processes.
The transitions included
going from hand production
methods to machines, the
increasing use of steam
power.
Example: Steam engine
19. 19
Industrial Revolution (IR 2.0)
The Second IR, also known as the Technological Revolution.
The advancements in IR 2.0 included the development of
methods for manufacturing interchangeable parts and
widespread adoption of pre-existing technological systems.
Began using mass production and assembly line.
The main contributor to this revolution was the development of
machines running on electrical energy
The most important inventions were invented during this time.
New technological systems were introduced, such as electrical
power and telephones
20. 20
Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0)
The transition from mechanical and analog electronic
technology to digital electronics.
Due to the shift towards digitalization, IR 3 0 was given the
nickname, “Digital Revolution”.
The core factor of this revolution is the mass production and
widespread use of digital logic circuits and
It’s resulting technologies such as the computer, handphones
and the Internet
21. 21
The advancements in various technologies such as: Robotics,
Internet of Things, Additive manufacturing, Autonomous vehicles.
These mentioned technologies are called Cyber-Physical systems.
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a mechanism that is controlled
or monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly integrated with
the Internet and its users.
For example in industries;
The usage of Computer numerical control (CNS) machines.
Such machine is operated by giving it instructions using a
computer.
Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
22. 22
Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
Anybody Connected device (ABCD)
Another major breakthrough that is associated with IR 4.0 is the
adoption of Artificial Intelligence(AI), where we can see it being
implemented into our smartphones.
AI is also one of the main elements that give life to Autonomous
Vehicles and Automated Robots.
23. 23
Data is regarded as the new oil and strategic asset since we are
living in the age of big data.
It drives or even determines the future of science, technology,
economy, and possibly everything in our world today and
tomorrow.
Data have not only triggered tremendous hype and buzz but
more importantly, presents enormous challenges that in turn
bring incredible innovation and economic opportunities.
Role of Data For Emerging Technologies
24. 24
Enabling Device and Networks for Emerging Technologies
In digital electronic systems, there are four basic kinds of devices:
A. Memory devices store random information such as the contents
of a spreadsheet or database.
B. Microprocessors execute software instructions to perform a
wide variety of tasks such as running a word processing program
or video game.
C. Logic devices provide specific functions, including device-to-
device interfacing, data communication, signal processing, data
display, timing and control operations, and almost every other
function a system must perform.
25. 25
D. Network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes,
network devices, peripherals, or other devices connected to
one another to allow the sharing of data
Enabling Device and Networks for Emerging Technologies
26. 26
A full range of network-related equipment referred to as Service
Enabling Devices (SEDs), which can include:
Traditional channel service unit (CSU) and data service unit
(DSU)
Modems
Routers
Switches
Conferencing equipment
Network appliances (NIDs and SIDs)
Hosting equipment and servers
Enabling Device and Networks for Emerging Technologies
27. 27
HMI refers to the communication and interaction between a human
and a machine via a user interface.
Nowadays, natural user interfaces such as gestures have gained
increasing attention as they allow humans to control machines
through natural and intuitive behaviors.
The main human task categories in human-machine interaction are
controlling and problem solving.
HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people
interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are not
developed for successful interaction with human beings.
Human to Machine Interaction(HMI)
28. 28
HCI consists of three parts: the user, the computer itself, and
the ways they work together.
The goal of HCI is to improve the interaction between users and
computers by making computers more user-friendly and
receptive to the user's needs.
Human to Machine Interaction(HMI)
29. 29
Disciplines Contributing to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
Cognitive psychology: Limitations, information processing,
performance prediction, cooperative working, and capabilities.
Computer science: Including graphics, technology,
prototyping tools, user interface management systems.
Linguistics.
Engineering and design.
Artificial intelligence.
Human factors.
30. 30
User interface(UI)
The user interface (UI) is the point of human-computer interaction
and communication in a device.
It is also the way through which a user interacts with
an application or a website.
The growing dependence of many businesses on web
applications and mobile applications has led many companies.
Examples UI:
computer mouse , remote control, virtual reality, ATMs and
speedometer
31. 31
Some Emerging technology trends in 2021:
5G Networks
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Autonomous Devices
Block chain
Augmented Analytics
Digital Twins
Some Emerging technology trends in 2021:
35. 35
Brainstorming
What is data?
What is information, Knowledge and wisdom?
Why data processing?
What are data and information?
36. 36
Data science is a multi-disciplinary field that uses scientific
methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract
knowledge and insights from structured, semi-structured and
unstructured data.
It is a systematic study of raw data and making insightful
observations.
From those observations one can take relevant actions to
establish a goal.
Data acquisition, data cleaning, feature engineering, modelling
and visualization are some major parts of this universe.
An Overview of Data Science
37. 37
As an academic discipline and profession, data science continues to
evolve as one of the most promising and in-demand career paths for
skilled professionals.
Today, successful data professionals understand that they must
advance past the traditional skills of analyzing large amounts of
data, data mining, and programming skills.
In order to uncover useful intelligence for their organizations, data
scientists must master the full spectrum of the data science life
cycle and possess a level of flexibility and understanding to
maximize returns at each phase of the process.
An Overview of Data Science
38. 38
What are data and information?
Data is the representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in
a formalized manner
It is unprocessed facts and figures.
It has no meaning since it has multiple meaning
What does ‘alex’ mean? What does ‘1992’ mean?
It is the level of conceptualization
39. 39
Information is the processed data on which decisions and
actions are based.
Data is processed to form information.
Information is the level of contextualization
Can answer WH questions except ‘why’
Information is interpreted data; created from organized,
structured, and processed data in a particular context.
Still information is not enough for decision making … thus
go for knowlege
What are data and information?
40. 40
Knowledge: An appropriate collection of information.
Is the level of patronization (creating r/ship among
concept)
Used to answer ‘how’ question
Found through many experience and much information.
Come through understanding patterns.
Wisdom: Collection of very deep knowledge.
Come through understanding principles.
Hierarchical Model of
human competency
What are data and information?
41. 41
Data processing is the re-structuring or re-ordering of data by
people or machines to increase their usefulness and add values
for a particular purpose.
It is the activity of converting raw facts [data] into information.
Information is data that have been processed using the data
processing functions.
Data Processing Cycle
42. 42
What is the ultimate purpose of storing and then analyzing/
processing data?
Data Information Knowledge Action
Is to transform
Data Processing Cycle
43. 43
Data processing consists of the following basic steps - input,
processing, and output.
Input − in this step, the input data is prepared in some convenient
form for processing.
The form will depend on the processing machine.
Processing − in this step, the input data is changed to produce
data in a more useful form.
Output − at this stage, the result of the proceeding processing
step is collected.
Data Processing Cycle
Input Processing Output
44. 44
Data types can be described from diverse perspectives.
In computer science and computer programming, for instance,
a data type is simply an attribute of data that tells the compiler or
interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data.
A data type makes the values that expression, such as a variable
or a function, might take.
This data type defines the operations that can be done on the
data, the meaning of the data, and the way values of that type
can be stored.
Data types and their representation
45. 45
Common data types include:
Integers(int)- is used to store whole numbers,
mathematically known as integers
Booleans(bool)- is used to represent restricted to one of two
values: true or false
Characters(char)- is used to store a single character
Floating-point numbers(float)- is used to store real
numbers
Alphanumeric strings(string)- used to store a combination
of characters and numbers
Data types from Computer programming perspective
46. 46
Data types from Data Analytics perspective
From a data analytics point of view, it is important to
understand that there are three common types of data types or
structures:
A. Structured
Structured data is data that adheres to a pre-defined data model
and is therefore straightforward to analyze.
Structured data conforms to a tabular format with a relationship
between the different rows and columns.
Common examples of structured data are Excel files or SQL
databases.
47. 47
B. Semi-structured
It is a form of structured data that does not conform with the formal
structure of data models associated with relational databases or other
forms of data tables.
Examples of semi-structured data include JSON and XML are forms of
semi-structured data.
C. Unstructured
Unstructured data is information that either does not have a predefined
data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner.
Unstructured information is typically text-heavy but may contain data
such as dates, numbers, and facts as well.
Data types from Data Analytics perspective
48. 48
Metadata
The last category of data type is metadata.
From a technical point of view, this is not a separate data
structure, but it is one of the most important elements for
Big Data analysis and big data solutions.
Metadata is data about data.
It provides additional information about a specific set of
data.
Data types from Data Analytics perspective
49. 49
Data value Chain
The Data Value Chain is introduced to describe the information flow
within a big data system as a series of steps needed to generate value
and useful insights from data.
The Big Data Value Chain identifies the following key high-level
activities:
50. 50
Data value Chain
A. Data Acquisition
It is the process of gathering, filtering, and cleaning data
before it is put in a data warehouse or any other storage
solution on which data analysis can be carried out.
B. Data Analysis
Data analysis involves exploring, transforming, and modeling
data with the goal of highlighting relevant data, synthesizing
and extracting useful hidden information with high potential
from a business point of view.
51. 51
Data value Chain
C. Data Curation
It is the active management of data over its life cycle to ensure it
meets the necessary data quality requirements for its effective usage.
D. Data Storage
It is the persistence and management of data in a scalable way that
satisfies the needs of applications that require fast access to the data.
E. Data Usage
Data usage in business decision making can enhance competitiveness
through the reduction of costs, increased added value, or any other
parameter that can be measured against existing performance criteria.
52. 52
Big data is the term for a collection of data sets so large and
complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand
database management tools or traditional data processing
applications.
The challenges include capture, storage, search, sharing,
analysis, and visualization.
“Large dataset” means a dataset too large to reasonably process
or store with traditional tooling or on a single computer.
Scale of big datasets is constantly shifting and may vary
significantly from organization to organization.
Basic concepts of big data
53. 53
Characteristics of big data
Big data is a term that describes large, hard-to-manage volumes of
data – both structured and unstructured
It is has 4 Vs characters:
1. Volume:- large amount of data (in zeta bytes)
2. Velocity-Data is live streaming or in motion
3. Variety- data comes in d/t forms from d/t sources
4. Veracity – can we trust the data? How it is accurate?
54. 54
Because of the qualities of big data, individual computers are
often inadequate for handling the data at most stages.
To better address the high storage and computational needs of
big data, computer clusters are a better fit.
Cluster computing is the process of sharing the computation
tasks among multiple computers and those computers or
machines form the cluster.
Clustered Computing and Hadoop Ecosystem
55. 55
Big data clustering software combines the resources of many smaller
machines, seeking to provide a number of benefits:
I. Resource Pooling
Combining the available storage space to hold data is a clear
benefit, but CPU and memory pooling are also extremely
important.
II. High Availability
Clusters can provide varying levels of fault tolerance and
availability guarantees to prevent hardware or software failures
from affecting access to data and processing.
Clustered Computing
56. 56
III. Easy Scalability:
Clusters make it easy to scale horizontally by adding additional
machines to the group.
Cluster membership and resource allocation can be handled by
software like Hadoop’s YARN (which stands for Yet Another
Resource Negotiator).
The machines involved in the computing cluster are also
typically involved with the management of a distributed storage
system
Clustered Computing
57. 57
Hadoop is an open-source framework intended to make
interaction with big data easier.
Hadoop is a database framework, which allows users to save,
process Big Data in a fault-tolerant, low latency ecosystem using
programming models.
It is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large
datasets across clusters of computers using simple programming
models.
Hadoop and its Ecosystem
58. 58
Economical: Its systems are highly economical as ordinary
computers can be used for data processing.
Reliable: It is reliable as it stores copies of the data on different
machines and is resistant to hardware failure.
Scalable: It is easily scalable both, horizontally and vertically. A
few extra nodes help in scaling up the framework.
Flexible: It is flexible and you can store as much structured and
unstructured data as you need to and decide to use them later.
Characteristics of Hadoop
59. 59
Hadoop has an ecosystem that has evolved from its four core
components: data management, access, processing, and storage.
Hadoop and its Ecosystem
60. 60
It comprises the following components and many others:
HDFS: Hadoop Distributed File System
YARN: Yet Another Resource Negotiator
MapReduce: Programming based Data Processing
Spark: In-Memory data processing
PIG, HIVE: Query-based processing of data services
HBase: NoSQL Database
Mahout, Spark MLLib: Machine Learning algorithm libraries
Solar, Lucene: Searching and Indexing
Zookeeper: Managing cluster and Oozie: Job Scheduling
Hadoop and its Ecosystem
61. 61
1. Ingesting data into the system
The data is ingested or transferred to Hadoop from various sources
such as relational databases, systems, or local files.
2. Processing the data in storage
The data is stored and processed. The data is stored in the distributed
file system, HDFS, and the NoSQL distributed data, HBase.
Spark and MapReduce perform data processing.
3. Computing and analyzing data
The data is analyzed by processing frameworks such as Pig, Hive, and
Impala. Pig converts the data using a map and reduce and then
Big Data Life Cycle with Hadoop
62. 62
4. Visualizing the results
It is the stage of using data visualization techniques and tools to
graphically communicate the analysis results for effective
interpretation by business users.
Big Data Life Cycle with Hadoop