This document discusses feeding the world's growing population in a sustainable way. It summarizes that China has gone from widespread hunger to becoming a major food aid donor through agricultural reforms. World grain production has tripled since 1950 due to new crops and fertilizers, but faces challenges from limited resources. Raising water and land productivity, producing protein more efficiently, and dietary changes can help meet future needs.
Plan b no bs f. i. avert mass poverty increase– feed 8 billion well. c9 v1Start Loving
This document discusses strategies for increasing food production efficiency to address rising global population and food demand. It recommends breeding more drought and cold tolerant crops, increasing multi-cropping, additional fertilization in Africa, securing land ownership, raising irrigation efficiency, moving to more efficient animal protein production, aquaculture such as fish polyculture, and using crops and land more productively.
This document discusses conservation agriculture and its potential benefits for increasing food production in Africa. It notes that Africa's population is projected to increase substantially by 2050 while food production has been declining. Conservation agriculture principles of minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations can help build soil health and increase yields while making agriculture more sustainable. The document questions whether high external inputs alone are a sufficient solution given issues of access and risk for smallholder farmers. It highlights some lessons from other agricultural development programs and the need for diversification beyond a focus on crop yields. Examples from other regions show conservation agriculture being adopted at large scales, and there is potential for it to be scaled up appropriately in Africa.
This document discusses dry land and farming systems approach (FSA) in India. It begins by noting that about 50% of India's cropped area is rain-fed agriculture due to limited irrigation. Productivity is low on these dry lands due to poor management. It then defines dry land farming as areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually without irrigation. Dry land crops must complete their lifecycle without water. The document contrasts dry land and rain-fed farming and lists characteristics of dry land areas. It describes FSA as a multi-disciplinary approach that views farms holistically to improve production, income, and farmer welfare through sustainable systems. The objectives and methodologies of FSA are outlined, including analyzing existing systems and new options
Importance of Dry Land Agriculture Management in India.Arunesh Kumar
This document discusses dry land agriculture in India. It defines dry land agriculture as farming in areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually, and notes that 60% of India's cultivated land falls under dry land agriculture. The document outlines the types of dry land farming based on rainfall amounts, characteristics of dry farming in India, importance of dry land agriculture for food production and rural livelihoods, challenges faced, and approaches to management including engineering, physiological and genetic methods. Effective management of dry land agriculture is critical for India's food security and reducing land degradation, according to the conclusion.
The document summarizes a presentation given by the Director General of ICARDA on the challenges facing dryland regions and ICARDA's work to address them. ICARDA focuses on improving livelihoods in drylands by increasing incomes, food access, and sustainable natural resource management. Their work includes developing drought-tolerant crops, raising small ruminant productivity through ultrasound and reproduction technologies, adopting water-saving irrigation techniques, and rehabilitating degraded rangelands through water harvesting and controlled grazing. The presentation concludes that addressing dryland challenges requires integrated solutions and that climate change will be a key driver, presenting opportunities for collaboration between ICARDA and Tottori University.
- The document discusses rainfed agriculture in the Near East and North Africa region, where around 80% of arable land is rainfed.
- Smallholder rainfed farming systems face numerous constraints including drought, poor soils, low input use, small farm sizes, and lack of infrastructure/market access.
- Climate change is exacerbating problems with more variable rainfall and more frequent droughts and floods.
- There is significant untapped potential to improve productivity and incomes in rainfed areas through strategies like sustainable land management, improved soils, suitable cropping systems, and water management.
agricultural development in dryland areas of India.Abhinav Vivek
The document discusses strategies for engaging youth in agricultural development in India's dryland regions. It outlines constraints faced by youth including lack of resources, negative attitudes towards agriculture, and lack of skills/training. Strategies are proposed for retaining youth in dryland agriculture such as establishing market networks, providing skills training, promoting entrepreneurship, and developing infrastructure. Specific approaches are also described, including utilizing watershed management, precision farming, livestock farming systems, and improved soil conservation techniques to harness youth participation and address land degradation issues in dryland areas.
Presented by T. Erkossa, A. Haileslassie and C. MacAlister at the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
Plan b no bs f. i. avert mass poverty increase– feed 8 billion well. c9 v1Start Loving
This document discusses strategies for increasing food production efficiency to address rising global population and food demand. It recommends breeding more drought and cold tolerant crops, increasing multi-cropping, additional fertilization in Africa, securing land ownership, raising irrigation efficiency, moving to more efficient animal protein production, aquaculture such as fish polyculture, and using crops and land more productively.
This document discusses conservation agriculture and its potential benefits for increasing food production in Africa. It notes that Africa's population is projected to increase substantially by 2050 while food production has been declining. Conservation agriculture principles of minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations can help build soil health and increase yields while making agriculture more sustainable. The document questions whether high external inputs alone are a sufficient solution given issues of access and risk for smallholder farmers. It highlights some lessons from other agricultural development programs and the need for diversification beyond a focus on crop yields. Examples from other regions show conservation agriculture being adopted at large scales, and there is potential for it to be scaled up appropriately in Africa.
This document discusses dry land and farming systems approach (FSA) in India. It begins by noting that about 50% of India's cropped area is rain-fed agriculture due to limited irrigation. Productivity is low on these dry lands due to poor management. It then defines dry land farming as areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually without irrigation. Dry land crops must complete their lifecycle without water. The document contrasts dry land and rain-fed farming and lists characteristics of dry land areas. It describes FSA as a multi-disciplinary approach that views farms holistically to improve production, income, and farmer welfare through sustainable systems. The objectives and methodologies of FSA are outlined, including analyzing existing systems and new options
Importance of Dry Land Agriculture Management in India.Arunesh Kumar
This document discusses dry land agriculture in India. It defines dry land agriculture as farming in areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually, and notes that 60% of India's cultivated land falls under dry land agriculture. The document outlines the types of dry land farming based on rainfall amounts, characteristics of dry farming in India, importance of dry land agriculture for food production and rural livelihoods, challenges faced, and approaches to management including engineering, physiological and genetic methods. Effective management of dry land agriculture is critical for India's food security and reducing land degradation, according to the conclusion.
The document summarizes a presentation given by the Director General of ICARDA on the challenges facing dryland regions and ICARDA's work to address them. ICARDA focuses on improving livelihoods in drylands by increasing incomes, food access, and sustainable natural resource management. Their work includes developing drought-tolerant crops, raising small ruminant productivity through ultrasound and reproduction technologies, adopting water-saving irrigation techniques, and rehabilitating degraded rangelands through water harvesting and controlled grazing. The presentation concludes that addressing dryland challenges requires integrated solutions and that climate change will be a key driver, presenting opportunities for collaboration between ICARDA and Tottori University.
- The document discusses rainfed agriculture in the Near East and North Africa region, where around 80% of arable land is rainfed.
- Smallholder rainfed farming systems face numerous constraints including drought, poor soils, low input use, small farm sizes, and lack of infrastructure/market access.
- Climate change is exacerbating problems with more variable rainfall and more frequent droughts and floods.
- There is significant untapped potential to improve productivity and incomes in rainfed areas through strategies like sustainable land management, improved soils, suitable cropping systems, and water management.
agricultural development in dryland areas of India.Abhinav Vivek
The document discusses strategies for engaging youth in agricultural development in India's dryland regions. It outlines constraints faced by youth including lack of resources, negative attitudes towards agriculture, and lack of skills/training. Strategies are proposed for retaining youth in dryland agriculture such as establishing market networks, providing skills training, promoting entrepreneurship, and developing infrastructure. Specific approaches are also described, including utilizing watershed management, precision farming, livestock farming systems, and improved soil conservation techniques to harness youth participation and address land degradation issues in dryland areas.
Presented by T. Erkossa, A. Haileslassie and C. MacAlister at the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
Dryland horticulture involves cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and plantation crops in dry climates with low rainfall through techniques that maximize rainfall harvesting and moisture conservation to obtain satisfactory yields. It is an important practice as about one third of the world's land is arid and growing crops in these dry regions provides nutritional and commercial benefits while making use of marginal lands. Effective dryland horticulture requires adopting strategies like soil moisture conservation practices, suitable crop varieties, and transferring appropriate technologies to farmers.
Dry farming is cultivation of crops in regions with annual rainfall less than 750 mm that require moisture conservation practices. About 70% of rural populations live in dry farming areas and depend on crop success or failure for their livelihood. Currently, dryland crops produce as much food as irrigated crops but from 3 times the land area. New strategies must be developed to make dryland ecosystems more productive and sustainable. The history of dryland agriculture began with early civilizations in places with reliable water supplies. Systematic dryland cultivation began around 1850 in areas like the USA and India. Over time, research stations were established and packages of practices were developed for different regions to improve dryland agriculture techniques.
Dryland farming refers to cultivation of crops in regions receiving less than 750mm of annual rainfall without artificial irrigation. The document discusses dryland farming in India, including that over 69.5% of cultivated area is rainfed. It describes challenges like uncertain rainfall, drought, and poor soil quality. It provides strategies for dryland farming such as moisture conservation tillage, appropriate crops and cultivars with deep roots and drought resistance, and contingency crop planning for unpredictable rainfall. The document emphasizes maximizing production through alternative cropping patterns and conserving soil moisture.
Future prospects and problems in dryland agricultureAbhimanyu Tomar
This document discusses dryland agriculture and provides solutions to problems in dryland farming. It begins with defining dryland farming as agriculture dependent on rainfall and outlines some key challenges like low and uncertain yields. The document then discusses 3 categories of dryland farming based on rainfall amounts and lists techniques to conserve soil moisture and reduce evaporation. It also summarizes major problems in dryland agriculture like soil issues, uneven rainfall distribution, dry spells, and lists some solutions like improved varieties, intercropping, and water harvesting. Overall, the document provides an overview of dryland agriculture and strategies to address problems and improve productivity.
This document provides information about dryland farming and drought management strategies. It defines dryland farming as crop cultivation under rainfed conditions with annual rainfall less than 750 mm. It notes that about 70% of India's rural population lives in dryland farming areas. The document discusses various climatic and soil constraints to crop production in dryland regions such as variable rainfall, high temperatures, and low soil moisture and fertility. It also describes different types of drought based on duration and impact. The document concludes by outlining some strategies for drought management, including adjusting plant populations, mulching, water harvesting, and adopting alternate land use systems.
Nutrient And Water Management In Rice Wheat Cropping SystemBijay Singh
This document summarizes several issues related to nutrient and water management in rice-wheat systems. It discusses low fertilizer use efficiencies, depletion of soil nutrients, emerging nutrient deficiencies, loss of soil organic matter, and inefficient water management in rice. It provides approaches to improve nutrient and water use efficiency through tools like leaf color charts and recommends best practices like laser land leveling, shallow intermittent irrigation for rice, optimizing rice planting dates, and direct drilling of wheat.
1) The document discusses rainfed agriculture in India, which occupies 67% of cultivated land but produces 44% of food grains. It defines dry farming, dryland farming and rainfed farming based on annual rainfall.
2) It provides a brief history of developments in rainfed agriculture in India starting from the 1920s, including establishment of research stations and institutions.
3) The document outlines several problems faced in rainfed agriculture like inadequate and uneven rainfall distribution, long gaps between rainfall, early/late monsoon onset, early cessation of rains, and prolonged dry spells. It provides solutions to address each problem.
What Soil Science can Offer, for a Society Demanding more Food with less Wate...NetNexusBrasil
What Soil Science can Offer, for a Society Demanding more Food with less Water and Energy, Reducing Environmental Impacts while our Climate is Changing? SIAGRO 2014 Embrapa Instrumentação - Jan Hopmans
irrigation management in different rice establishment methods. POOJITHA K
1. Rice is one of the most important cereal crops and staple food for half the world's population. Most rice is produced in Asia through irrigation which accounts for 75% of global rice production.
2. There are various rice ecosystems and methods of establishment including transplanted flooded rice, direct seeded flooded rice, and aerobic rice which requires less water than flooded systems.
3. Irrigation management strategies like alternate wetting and drying, saturation, and system of rice intensification can increase rice productivity while reducing water use by 25-50% compared to continuous flooding. These strategies maintain intermittent flooding or keep soils moist instead of continuously flooded.
Efficient crops and cropping systems in dry land agricultureSurendra Parvataneni
This document discusses efficient crops and cropping systems for dryland agriculture in India. It begins with an introduction to dryland farming and terminology. The main constraints in dryland farming are inadequate and erratic rainfall. Crop selection depends on length of growing period, genetic crop characteristics, and soil moisture availability. Common crops recommended are sorghum, pulses, groundnuts, and cotton. Cropping systems that can be used include mono-cropping, intercropping, relay cropping, and sequence cropping depending on rainfall and soil moisture storage capacity. Different regions of India are suitable for different cropping systems based on these factors.
Rice requires ample water to grow and is usually cultivated with continuous flooding or intermittent flooding of rice fields. The total water requirement for rice is approximately 1,100-1,250 mm, with the critical growth stages being active tillering, panicle initiation, booting, heading, and flowering when water stress can severely impact yields. Proper water management through irrigation practices such as intermittent flooding, shallow and controlled flooding, and reducing percolation losses through soil management are important for optimizing rice production.
Dry farming refers to cultivation in areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually. It is practiced in arid regions where moisture conservation is important. Dry land farming receives between 750mm-1150mm annually and is practiced in semi-arid regions. Rainfed farming receives over 1150mm and is practiced in humid regions where drainage is a bigger problem than moisture shortage. Dry farming crops must be drought resistant and complete their lifecycle without irrigation, while dry land farming can include intercropping and rainfed farming double cropping. Problems of dry farming in India include moisture stress, ineffective rainwater storage, low soil fertility and uneven rainfall distribution.
This document summarizes various agricultural technologies including: 1) dry-land farming and water saving technologies, 2) use of straw mulch, 3) balanced fertilizer application, 4) green manure cropping, 5) integrated pest management, 6) improved crop breeding, and 7) high-yield cultivation techniques. The technologies aim to improve soil and water conservation, increase nutrient use efficiency, control pests, develop high-yielding varieties, and reduce production costs. Diverse approaches are needed to promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Rice cultivation requires careful water management as about 64% of India's irrigation water is used for rice. Too much or too little water can harm rice plants. Percolation losses occur when rainfall or irrigation water exceeds the soil's water holding capacity, allowing water to drain downward. These losses can be reduced through practices like growing rice in clayey soil, thorough land leveling, puddling, and shallow submergence. While rice fields are often continuously submerged, studies show soil saturation is sufficient for kharif rice and submergence of 5 cm for rabi rice. Continuous submergence provides benefits like weed control and nutrient availability but can increase losses through percolation and runoff. The optimum depth of
8th june,2020 daily global regional local rice e newsletterRiceplus Magazine
The document discusses Pakistan's budget challenges given the economic impacts of COVID-19. Exports and tax revenue are sharply declining while imports are not decreasing at the same rate, worsening the current account deficit. Large-scale manufacturing and textile sectors are contracting, impacting jobs. Remittances from overseas Pakistanis are also expected to decrease. The government has limited options for a decent budget as resources are shrinking while expenditures are increasing for relief efforts. Agriculture is identified as a sector that could help Pakistan sustain pressure during this difficult time due to its linkages across industries and livelihoods.
The document discusses drought management strategies, including developing early warning systems, providing relief to affected populations, and implementing alternative crop strategies. Early warning systems use weekly weather data to detect drought early and activate response plans. Alternative crop strategies involve adjusting plant populations, using mulching and weed control, harvesting rainwater, and growing drought-tolerant crops. Public measures include ensuring water and food supplies, immunizations, and cattle management. Mitigation efforts include constructing check dams, soil conservation, afforestation, and drought-resistant crop varieties. The conclusion states that drought can be managed, not just endured, through coordinated multi-level efforts.
The document describes the Sahelian Eco-Farm (SEF), an integrated agriculture system designed to address multiple constraints facing rain-fed agriculture in Africa. The SEF incorporates trees, shrubs, and annual crops to provide soil erosion control, increase soil fertility, improve water use efficiency, diversify income sources, and provide more consistent labor and animal feed. Initial research results on components of the SEF, including using Acacia seeds in poultry feed and Jatropha oil as a cowpea pesticide, suggest it has potential to improve yields, incomes, and the sustainability of agriculture in the Sahel region.
PLAN B NO BS - F. I. AVERT MASS POVERTY Increase– Feed 8 billion well. C9 V1Start Loving
1. Farmers are faced with challenges like shrinking irrigation water supplies, diminishing returns from fertilizer, and rising temperatures that are challenging world grain production.
2. Measures to address this include breeding more drought-tolerant crops, expanding multicropping, and improving irrigation efficiency in places like Africa through practices like planting leguminous trees.
3. Securing land ownership, raising irrigation efficiency, and establishing local water user groups can boost productivity by encouraging investment and better management of water resources.
Drainage and Irrigation Principle Ch-1.pptxgemadogelgalu
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to aid in growing crops. Early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and India developed irrigation around 4000-2500 BCE to support permanent settlements and increase crop yields. Irrigation expanded significantly in the 19th-20th centuries and now over 800 million acres worldwide are irrigated, with China, India, USA, Pakistan, and Iran leading. Irrigation is needed where rainfall is inadequate or inconsistent to meet crop water demands. Benefits include higher and more reliable yields, while disadvantages can include waterlogging, salinity, and disease if not properly implemented.
The Green Revolution refers to high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice developed in the 1960s to address the global food crisis. Dr. Norman Borlaug led efforts to create seeds with traits like short stature and disease resistance. Developing countries adopted these varieties along with irrigation, fertilizers, and mechanization to boost yields. This dramatically increased food production and lowered prices, improving global food security and saving millions from starvation despite population growth. However, overuse of inputs poses environmental risks if not properly managed in the future. Continued research is needed to sustain food security with a growing population and limited resources.
Cloud seeding for india (an effective weapon to fight the draughts) by prof s...Shreehari Marathe
1. Cloud seeding can help address water scarcity issues by increasing rainfall. Many countries regularly use cloud seeding to augment water supplies for agriculture, drinking water, and hydroelectric power.
2. Water availability is decreasing globally due to population growth and development. By 2025, over a third of the world's population may face "catastrophically low" water supplies under 1000 cubic meters per person per year.
3. Forests help increase rainfall by recycling water through transpiration. Deforestation reduces rainfall and increases risks of drought, flooding, and water scarcity. Reforestation is needed to improve water security in many countries.
Dryland horticulture involves cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and plantation crops in dry climates with low rainfall through techniques that maximize rainfall harvesting and moisture conservation to obtain satisfactory yields. It is an important practice as about one third of the world's land is arid and growing crops in these dry regions provides nutritional and commercial benefits while making use of marginal lands. Effective dryland horticulture requires adopting strategies like soil moisture conservation practices, suitable crop varieties, and transferring appropriate technologies to farmers.
Dry farming is cultivation of crops in regions with annual rainfall less than 750 mm that require moisture conservation practices. About 70% of rural populations live in dry farming areas and depend on crop success or failure for their livelihood. Currently, dryland crops produce as much food as irrigated crops but from 3 times the land area. New strategies must be developed to make dryland ecosystems more productive and sustainable. The history of dryland agriculture began with early civilizations in places with reliable water supplies. Systematic dryland cultivation began around 1850 in areas like the USA and India. Over time, research stations were established and packages of practices were developed for different regions to improve dryland agriculture techniques.
Dryland farming refers to cultivation of crops in regions receiving less than 750mm of annual rainfall without artificial irrigation. The document discusses dryland farming in India, including that over 69.5% of cultivated area is rainfed. It describes challenges like uncertain rainfall, drought, and poor soil quality. It provides strategies for dryland farming such as moisture conservation tillage, appropriate crops and cultivars with deep roots and drought resistance, and contingency crop planning for unpredictable rainfall. The document emphasizes maximizing production through alternative cropping patterns and conserving soil moisture.
Future prospects and problems in dryland agricultureAbhimanyu Tomar
This document discusses dryland agriculture and provides solutions to problems in dryland farming. It begins with defining dryland farming as agriculture dependent on rainfall and outlines some key challenges like low and uncertain yields. The document then discusses 3 categories of dryland farming based on rainfall amounts and lists techniques to conserve soil moisture and reduce evaporation. It also summarizes major problems in dryland agriculture like soil issues, uneven rainfall distribution, dry spells, and lists some solutions like improved varieties, intercropping, and water harvesting. Overall, the document provides an overview of dryland agriculture and strategies to address problems and improve productivity.
This document provides information about dryland farming and drought management strategies. It defines dryland farming as crop cultivation under rainfed conditions with annual rainfall less than 750 mm. It notes that about 70% of India's rural population lives in dryland farming areas. The document discusses various climatic and soil constraints to crop production in dryland regions such as variable rainfall, high temperatures, and low soil moisture and fertility. It also describes different types of drought based on duration and impact. The document concludes by outlining some strategies for drought management, including adjusting plant populations, mulching, water harvesting, and adopting alternate land use systems.
Nutrient And Water Management In Rice Wheat Cropping SystemBijay Singh
This document summarizes several issues related to nutrient and water management in rice-wheat systems. It discusses low fertilizer use efficiencies, depletion of soil nutrients, emerging nutrient deficiencies, loss of soil organic matter, and inefficient water management in rice. It provides approaches to improve nutrient and water use efficiency through tools like leaf color charts and recommends best practices like laser land leveling, shallow intermittent irrigation for rice, optimizing rice planting dates, and direct drilling of wheat.
1) The document discusses rainfed agriculture in India, which occupies 67% of cultivated land but produces 44% of food grains. It defines dry farming, dryland farming and rainfed farming based on annual rainfall.
2) It provides a brief history of developments in rainfed agriculture in India starting from the 1920s, including establishment of research stations and institutions.
3) The document outlines several problems faced in rainfed agriculture like inadequate and uneven rainfall distribution, long gaps between rainfall, early/late monsoon onset, early cessation of rains, and prolonged dry spells. It provides solutions to address each problem.
What Soil Science can Offer, for a Society Demanding more Food with less Wate...NetNexusBrasil
What Soil Science can Offer, for a Society Demanding more Food with less Water and Energy, Reducing Environmental Impacts while our Climate is Changing? SIAGRO 2014 Embrapa Instrumentação - Jan Hopmans
irrigation management in different rice establishment methods. POOJITHA K
1. Rice is one of the most important cereal crops and staple food for half the world's population. Most rice is produced in Asia through irrigation which accounts for 75% of global rice production.
2. There are various rice ecosystems and methods of establishment including transplanted flooded rice, direct seeded flooded rice, and aerobic rice which requires less water than flooded systems.
3. Irrigation management strategies like alternate wetting and drying, saturation, and system of rice intensification can increase rice productivity while reducing water use by 25-50% compared to continuous flooding. These strategies maintain intermittent flooding or keep soils moist instead of continuously flooded.
Efficient crops and cropping systems in dry land agricultureSurendra Parvataneni
This document discusses efficient crops and cropping systems for dryland agriculture in India. It begins with an introduction to dryland farming and terminology. The main constraints in dryland farming are inadequate and erratic rainfall. Crop selection depends on length of growing period, genetic crop characteristics, and soil moisture availability. Common crops recommended are sorghum, pulses, groundnuts, and cotton. Cropping systems that can be used include mono-cropping, intercropping, relay cropping, and sequence cropping depending on rainfall and soil moisture storage capacity. Different regions of India are suitable for different cropping systems based on these factors.
Rice requires ample water to grow and is usually cultivated with continuous flooding or intermittent flooding of rice fields. The total water requirement for rice is approximately 1,100-1,250 mm, with the critical growth stages being active tillering, panicle initiation, booting, heading, and flowering when water stress can severely impact yields. Proper water management through irrigation practices such as intermittent flooding, shallow and controlled flooding, and reducing percolation losses through soil management are important for optimizing rice production.
Dry farming refers to cultivation in areas receiving less than 750mm of rainfall annually. It is practiced in arid regions where moisture conservation is important. Dry land farming receives between 750mm-1150mm annually and is practiced in semi-arid regions. Rainfed farming receives over 1150mm and is practiced in humid regions where drainage is a bigger problem than moisture shortage. Dry farming crops must be drought resistant and complete their lifecycle without irrigation, while dry land farming can include intercropping and rainfed farming double cropping. Problems of dry farming in India include moisture stress, ineffective rainwater storage, low soil fertility and uneven rainfall distribution.
This document summarizes various agricultural technologies including: 1) dry-land farming and water saving technologies, 2) use of straw mulch, 3) balanced fertilizer application, 4) green manure cropping, 5) integrated pest management, 6) improved crop breeding, and 7) high-yield cultivation techniques. The technologies aim to improve soil and water conservation, increase nutrient use efficiency, control pests, develop high-yielding varieties, and reduce production costs. Diverse approaches are needed to promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Rice cultivation requires careful water management as about 64% of India's irrigation water is used for rice. Too much or too little water can harm rice plants. Percolation losses occur when rainfall or irrigation water exceeds the soil's water holding capacity, allowing water to drain downward. These losses can be reduced through practices like growing rice in clayey soil, thorough land leveling, puddling, and shallow submergence. While rice fields are often continuously submerged, studies show soil saturation is sufficient for kharif rice and submergence of 5 cm for rabi rice. Continuous submergence provides benefits like weed control and nutrient availability but can increase losses through percolation and runoff. The optimum depth of
8th june,2020 daily global regional local rice e newsletterRiceplus Magazine
The document discusses Pakistan's budget challenges given the economic impacts of COVID-19. Exports and tax revenue are sharply declining while imports are not decreasing at the same rate, worsening the current account deficit. Large-scale manufacturing and textile sectors are contracting, impacting jobs. Remittances from overseas Pakistanis are also expected to decrease. The government has limited options for a decent budget as resources are shrinking while expenditures are increasing for relief efforts. Agriculture is identified as a sector that could help Pakistan sustain pressure during this difficult time due to its linkages across industries and livelihoods.
The document discusses drought management strategies, including developing early warning systems, providing relief to affected populations, and implementing alternative crop strategies. Early warning systems use weekly weather data to detect drought early and activate response plans. Alternative crop strategies involve adjusting plant populations, using mulching and weed control, harvesting rainwater, and growing drought-tolerant crops. Public measures include ensuring water and food supplies, immunizations, and cattle management. Mitigation efforts include constructing check dams, soil conservation, afforestation, and drought-resistant crop varieties. The conclusion states that drought can be managed, not just endured, through coordinated multi-level efforts.
The document describes the Sahelian Eco-Farm (SEF), an integrated agriculture system designed to address multiple constraints facing rain-fed agriculture in Africa. The SEF incorporates trees, shrubs, and annual crops to provide soil erosion control, increase soil fertility, improve water use efficiency, diversify income sources, and provide more consistent labor and animal feed. Initial research results on components of the SEF, including using Acacia seeds in poultry feed and Jatropha oil as a cowpea pesticide, suggest it has potential to improve yields, incomes, and the sustainability of agriculture in the Sahel region.
PLAN B NO BS - F. I. AVERT MASS POVERTY Increase– Feed 8 billion well. C9 V1Start Loving
1. Farmers are faced with challenges like shrinking irrigation water supplies, diminishing returns from fertilizer, and rising temperatures that are challenging world grain production.
2. Measures to address this include breeding more drought-tolerant crops, expanding multicropping, and improving irrigation efficiency in places like Africa through practices like planting leguminous trees.
3. Securing land ownership, raising irrigation efficiency, and establishing local water user groups can boost productivity by encouraging investment and better management of water resources.
Drainage and Irrigation Principle Ch-1.pptxgemadogelgalu
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to aid in growing crops. Early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and India developed irrigation around 4000-2500 BCE to support permanent settlements and increase crop yields. Irrigation expanded significantly in the 19th-20th centuries and now over 800 million acres worldwide are irrigated, with China, India, USA, Pakistan, and Iran leading. Irrigation is needed where rainfall is inadequate or inconsistent to meet crop water demands. Benefits include higher and more reliable yields, while disadvantages can include waterlogging, salinity, and disease if not properly implemented.
The Green Revolution refers to high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice developed in the 1960s to address the global food crisis. Dr. Norman Borlaug led efforts to create seeds with traits like short stature and disease resistance. Developing countries adopted these varieties along with irrigation, fertilizers, and mechanization to boost yields. This dramatically increased food production and lowered prices, improving global food security and saving millions from starvation despite population growth. However, overuse of inputs poses environmental risks if not properly managed in the future. Continued research is needed to sustain food security with a growing population and limited resources.
Cloud seeding for india (an effective weapon to fight the draughts) by prof s...Shreehari Marathe
1. Cloud seeding can help address water scarcity issues by increasing rainfall. Many countries regularly use cloud seeding to augment water supplies for agriculture, drinking water, and hydroelectric power.
2. Water availability is decreasing globally due to population growth and development. By 2025, over a third of the world's population may face "catastrophically low" water supplies under 1000 cubic meters per person per year.
3. Forests help increase rainfall by recycling water through transpiration. Deforestation reduces rainfall and increases risks of drought, flooding, and water scarcity. Reforestation is needed to improve water security in many countries.
What Soil Science can offer, for a Society demanding more food with less wate...NetNexusBrasil
What Soil Science can offer, for a Society demanding more food with less water and energy, reduncing environmental impacts, while our climate is changing?_Jan W Hopmans
_Siagro2014_Embrapa Instrumentação
DROUGHT EFFECTS ON ARCHITECTURE AND NATURESALONIKAAHUJA1
The document discusses drought prevention and management strategies. It describes several approaches: desalination of water to make ocean water potable; rainwater harvesting to collect and store rainwater for later use; drip irrigation systems that deliver water directly to plant roots to reduce waste; and planting more drought-resistant trees. Landscape architects can also help reduce drought impact through regional water management plans and designing landscapes that conserve and reuse water while highlighting native plants.
Virtual water refers to the water used in food production and supply chains. Green water comes from rainfall while blue water is from surface and groundwater sources, which are being depleted faster than they can be replenished in many areas. Infrastructure development and poverty reduction are keys to ensuring access to sufficient and sustainable water supplies. Growing populations and economic development are exacerbating water scarcity issues, especially in arid and drought-prone regions.
The document discusses the links between population growth and food production. It notes that population growth has increased demand for food, resulting in more farmland and water usage. Food production depends on limited resources like cropland and water that are under strain from rising populations. The document recommends strategies like improving crop yields, using resources more efficiently, shifting diets to require fewer agricultural resources, and reducing food waste to help address global food security challenges in the face of population growth.
1. The document discusses the potential for Latin America to become a major global supplier of rice, the world's most important staple crop, to help meet rising global demand.
2. For Latin America to realize this potential, yields would need to increase to 7 tons per hectare and costs of production would need to lower to $1,000 per hectare to compete globally.
3. Significant investments in agricultural research and development as well as stable trade policies would be required for Latin America to capitalize on its land and water resources and become a future "rice bowl" region.
Cloud Seeding for India (An effective weapon to fight draught) by Prof Shivaj...Shreehari Marathe
1. Cloud seeding is used by over 50 countries to increase rainfall for agriculture and drinking water, disperse fog, increase hydropower generation, suppress hail storms, mitigate drought and the impacts of global warming. Several countries like the US, Australia, and China have benefited greatly from cloud seeding technologies.
2. Rice provides over half the world's population with their primary food source and energy intake. Rice-based agricultural systems employ nearly 1 billion people in rural areas of developing countries. Efficient rice production is essential for economic development and improved quality of life.
3. Water availability per person is declining in many countries due to population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. By 2025, over
Cloud Seeding For India (An effective weapon to fight the Draught) by Prof S...anamika marathe (Anuradha)
1. Cloud seeding is used by over 50 countries to increase rainfall for agriculture and drinking water, disperse fog, increase hydropower generation, suppress hail storms, mitigate drought and the impacts of global warming. Several countries like the US, Australia, and China have benefited greatly from cloud seeding technologies.
2. Rice provides over half the world's population with their primary food source and energy intake. Rice-based agricultural systems employ nearly 1 billion people in rural areas of developing countries. Efficient rice production is essential for economic development and improved quality of life.
3. Water availability per person is declining in many countries due to population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. By 2025, over
Veripath Research "As people in the emerging economies of India and China make the transition to western standards of
living there is an often-overlooked issue – their water
consumption is rising dramatically.
Why dry areas should invest masively in innovation to ensure food securityCGIAR
For dry areas the core problem is that growing food requires much more water than all other uses combined, that is to say, in dry areas there just isn't enough water to grow food. The complex challenges facing dry areas cannot be solved with one silver bullet, but will require an
integrated approach involving sustainable natural resource management, crop and livestock genetic
improvement as well as socio-economic innovation.
Keynote speech made by Dr Frank Rijsberman at the Opening Ceremony of the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture, Abu Dhabi, February 3, 2014.
S5c8 chapter 8-facts and figures related to drought in india.Shivu P
Some of the facts related to drought are mentioned in this chapter. Drought is a threat to the humanity; it is a threat to the plant and animal kingdom. We also know that the area occupied by the drought is increasing as the population is increasing on this earth and we need to understand deforestation and desertification is progressing in a very rapid speed. Now it is our duty to make all drought prone areas in to adequately irrigated land, make the people to involve in the process of re forestation and prevent desertification. Reticular canal system for interlinking rivers will help in the process of irrigating all the drought prone lands and helps in re forestation.
What are the benefits of using wastewater irrigation in agricultureAmity University
Wastewater irrigation in agriculture provides several key benefits:
It reduces costs for farmers by providing a nutrient-rich water source that can replace expensive fertilizers. Using wastewater for irrigation also helps conserve fresh water supplies and reduces water waste, while supporting higher crop yields and longer growing seasons. The higher production enabled by irrigation increases the value of farmland as well. Overall, wastewater irrigation is a sustainable practice that helps secure water resources for future generations.
All living organisms require food to provide nutrients for development, growth, and health. Efforts to increase food production through irrigation and other means have led to some successes, such as increased grain production during the Green Revolution. This document discusses various ways of irrigating crops to increase yields, including surface irrigation, drip irrigation, and the importance of irrigation for agriculture given increasing water scarcity in many parts of the world.
Priorities for Public Sector Research on Food Security and Natural Resources Report Presentation by Frank Place, ICRAF and Alexandre Meybeck, FAO
on April 12, 2013 at the Food Security Futures Conference in Dublin, Ireland.
T7 t10 azzam saleh improving water av and manag fo agr azzam fao wbgs exec su...NENAwaterscarcity
The document discusses challenges to water availability and management for agriculture in the West Bank and Gaza Strip due to environmental and human factors like drought, dropping water tables, and Israeli restrictions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in partnership with local authorities, has undertaken various interventions to improve water resources including rehabilitating groundwater wells, constructing community water reservoirs, promoting rainwater harvesting, and developing drought-tolerant crops. These interventions have increased water access, agricultural production, and household incomes while reducing water costs.
Handbook of fundamental social change.
TRANSCRIPT, TEXT, VIDEOS HERE: http://jesusgodgoodetcnjay.blogspot.com/2012/02/occupy-dc-guide-to-accelerated-high.html
More at http://jesusgodgoodetcnjay.blogspot.com/
PLAN B NO BS - A. Deathbed - Earth, ALL Creation but A final Chance Remains -...Start Loving
The document warns that humanity's extinction is imminent due to accelerating environmental collapse caused by climate change, resource depletion, and pollution. Key points include glacial and ice sheet melting raising sea levels by over 6 feet this century and displacing 600 million people, as well as collapsing ecosystems, forests, fisheries, and water supplies due to market failures to incorporate environmental costs. The author argues that urgent action is needed to transition off fossil fuels and stabilize population to avoid an irreversible extermination of humanity.
PLAN B NO BS - B. Creation Collapsing as I POVERTY, II POPULATION, III RESOUR...Start Loving
The document discusses several issues facing the world including poverty, population growth, environmental degradation, and their interaction and effects. Key points include:
1) Life expectancy has declined in some areas due to HIV/AIDS and hunger. There are also large gaps between countries and regions.
2) Environmental pollution is causing health issues in places like China where cancer deaths have surpassed others.
3) Poverty, disease, and lack of resources reinforce one another and are overwhelming some national governments. Problems will continue to worsen if not addressed.
PLAN B NO BS - C. Saving Creation - Bottom Line Summary, Budget of Plan B. C7...Start Loving
The document outlines a plan to address several global issues through investments in areas like renewable energy, education, health, population stabilization, and environmental restoration. The key points are:
1. It proposes investing over $100 billion per year to fund initiatives to transition to renewable energy, universal education, universal health care including family planning, and debt relief for developing nations.
2. An additional $77 billion per year would be needed to accelerate the shift to smaller families and fill funding gaps in education, health, and reducing population growth.
3. Investing $113 billion annually in environmental restoration initiatives including reforestation, soil conservation, restoring fisheries and rangelands, and expanding protected areas.
PLAN B NO BS - D. Global Marshall Plan to Save Creation. C13 V1Start Loving
This document discusses the need to shift taxes and subsidies away from environmentally destructive activities and towards more sustainable practices. It argues that the current economic system fails to accurately account for environmental costs, and proposes several policy changes to internalize these externalities, such as:
1. Implementing carbon taxes on fossil fuels and other polluting industries to reflect the true social costs of environmental damage and climate change.
2. Shifting taxes from income to carbon emissions, through higher gasoline taxes and vehicle taxes, to incentivize renewable energy and more sustainable transportation options.
3. Eliminating over $700 billion in annual global subsidies that currently support activities like fossil fuel production, deforestation, and overfishing.
PLAN B NO BS - E. I. ERADICATE POVERTY, II. STABILIZE POPULATION. C7 V1Start Loving
1. The document outlines various policies and programs to reduce poverty and accelerate development, including universal primary education, teacher training, scholarships, literacy programs, school lunch programs, and expanding access to reproductive healthcare.
2. It notes that investments in education and health are cornerstones of human capital development and population stabilization.
3. Achieving the goals outlined would require an additional $77 billion in funding per year.
PLAN B NO BS - G. III RESOURCE RAPE - WATER. Western Affloholic Rape and Plun...Start Loving
Lake Chad has shrunk 96% in 40 years due to declining rainfall and water use for irrigation. Aquifer overpumping has led to falling water tables around the world, including in major grain producers like China, India, and the US. As water scarcity grows due to population increase, many rivers are running dry or disappearing, including the Yellow River in China, the Indus River that supplies much of Pakistan's irrigation, and the Aral Sea in Central Asia, which has lost 80% of its volume.
PLAN B NO BS - H. III RESOURCE RAPE Natural Systems Under Terminal Stress. C5 V1Start Loving
- Soil erosion and degradation are causing widespread environmental and agricultural problems around the world. As soils are depleted, agricultural production declines and millions face hunger and malnutrition. Deforestation is a major driver of soil loss, as it removes protective vegetation and disrupts water cycles. If not addressed, soil erosion risks creating new "dust bowls" that can destroy livelihoods and ecosystems. Reversing these trends is critical to global food security and the environment.
PLAN B NO BS - I. III. RESTORE, LIVE WITHIN Earth RESOURCES. C8 V1Start Loving
1. Restoring the earth will require massive reforestation efforts, conservation of soils, restoration of fisheries and rangelands, and protection of biodiversity.
2. Achieving this will require investments totaling approximately $113 billion per year through activities like retiring erodible farmland, adopting conservation tillage practices, and reforesting degraded lands.
3. Reforestation costs approximately $400 per hectare including seedlings and labor, so planting 150 million hectares over 10 years would cost around $6 billion annually.
PLAN B NO BS - J. IV CARBON Oil - 20th Century's Fatal Seductress. C2 V1Start Loving
- Oil production has increased 180-fold over the 20th century, fueling population growth and modern civilization. However, the world's largest oil fields have already been discovered and global production is now in decline.
- Alternative sources like tar sands require much more energy to produce and are highly polluting. As conventional oil supplies dwindle, global competition and conflict over remaining reserves is likely to intensify.
- Agriculture has also become heavily dependent on oil to power machinery, transport food, and produce fertilizers. Declining oil supplies threaten the ability to feed the world's population in the coming decades. Difficult system-wide changes will be needed to transition to post-oil sustainable farming.
PLAN B NO BS - K. IV CARBON Coal, Oil Drowning, Frying, Killing us. C3 V1Start Loving
1. Climate change is causing glaciers and ice sheets to melt rapidly, which will raise sea levels and force many coastal dwellers to relocate.
2. Rising temperatures are also causing more frequent and intense heat waves, droughts, and wildfires, reducing agricultural production and threatening global food security.
3. The climate is changing much faster than anticipated due to human emissions, and further warming of 2-11°F this century is virtually certain unless carbon emissions are quickly reduced.
PLAN B NO BS - L. IV, III OBSOLETE CARBON Coal, and the Squandering of RESOUR...Start Loving
The document discusses strategies for reducing electricity usage through increased energy efficiency, with a focus on lighting and appliances. It states that shifting to CFLs and LEDs for lighting could cut worldwide electricity usage for lighting from 19% to 7%, saving enough electricity to avoid building 705 new coal-fired power plants. Similarly, it asserts that efficiency gains in lighting and appliances alone could replace the need for all new coal plants projected to be built by 2020. The document outlines additional efficiency strategies for buildings, transportation systems, and other sectors.
PLAN B NO BS - M. IV REPLACE CARBON Sprint toward Wind and Sun, Eliminating E...Start Loving
Plan B calls for a massive buildout of wind generating capacity to replace coal and oil for electricity generation. It would require doubling wind capacity every two years to reach 3,000 gigawatts by 2020, costing $4.5 trillion but creating jobs. Pairing wind with hybrid electric vehicles that can be charged from the grid would dramatically reduce oil use and emissions. The technologies exist to implement Plan B and transition to a renewable energy economy that avoids catastrophic climate change.
PLAN B NO BS - N. IV, III Minimize CARBON, RESOURCES, in Cities where 50% of ...Start Loving
The document proposes several strategies for improving urban sustainability, including redesigning transport systems to be more bike and pedestrian friendly, implementing water recycling and composting toilets to reduce water usage, and promoting urban agriculture. It also discusses examples of cities that have successfully implemented these kinds of sustainability programs, such as Bogota, Curitiba, and Singapore.
PLAN B NO BS - O. Repeat, Saving Creation - Bottom Line Summary, Budget of Pl...Start Loving
The document outlines a plan to address several global issues through investments in areas like renewable energy, education, health, population stabilization, and environmental restoration. The key points are:
1. It proposes investing over $100 billion per year to fund initiatives to transition to renewable energy, universal education, universal health care including family planning, and debt relief for developing nations.
2. An additional $77 billion per year would be needed to accelerate the shift to smaller families and fill funding gaps in education, health, and reducing population growth.
3. Investing $113 billion annually in environmental restoration initiatives including reforestation, soil conservation, restoring fisheries and rangelands, and expanding protected areas.
This document summarizes key points from Lester Brown's book "Plan B 3.0: Mobilizing to Save Civilization". The book outlines four overriding goals: stabilizing the climate, stabilizing population, eradicating poverty, and restoring ecosystems. It argues that we must cut carbon emissions 80% by 2020 through raising efficiency, renewable energy, and reforestation. However, it notes that we are in a race between tipping points in the environment and building sufficient political will for action. The challenges are great but the technologies exist to transition our energy system if political leadership can be mobilized.
Chapter 2 deteriorating food and oil securityStart Loving
The document summarizes how peak oil and rising food prices threaten global food security. It notes that the world is increasingly dependent on oil for food production and transportation, but global oil production is peaking while demand rises. As a result, food and fuel prices are increasingly linked, with grain prices rising to oil equivalents. This diversion of food crops to fuel and higher input costs reduces the global food supply at a time when population is growing. The convergence of these trends risks increasing hunger, conflict, and state failures in vulnerable countries.
1. Global temperatures are rising due to climate change caused by human carbon emissions, melting glaciers and ice sheets.
2. Rising temperatures are causing more extreme weather events like heat waves and droughts, reducing crop yields and endangering food security.
3. Melting mountain glaciers and snowpack threaten to reduce water supplies for hundreds of millions depending on rivers fed by glacial melt.
Chapter 6 failing states and other early signs of declineStart Loving
Early signs of decline are emerging in many parts of the world. In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has fallen by 10 years due to HIV/AIDS. Other problems include rising inequality, environmental degradation, and failing governments overwhelmed by complex problems. Pollution is also damaging health worldwide, with air pollution alone causing 3 million deaths each year.
Ch 7 eradicating poverty and stabilizing populationStart Loving
This document discusses strategies for eradicating poverty and stabilizing global population growth. It notes that China and India have lifted millions out of poverty through strong economic growth rates over recent decades. However, sub-Saharan Africa is facing increasing poverty, hunger, disease, and population growth that could undermine anti-poverty goals. Key strategies discussed include universal primary education, better access to reproductive healthcare and family planning, and nutrition programs like school lunches to improve education and reduce population growth. Iran is cited as an example of a country that rapidly reduced its population growth rate through a comprehensive national family planning program.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Webinar: Designing a schema for a Data WarehouseFederico Razzoli
Are you new to data warehouses (DWH)? Do you need to check whether your data warehouse follows the best practices for a good design? In both cases, this webinar is for you.
A data warehouse is a central relational database that contains all measurements about a business or an organisation. This data comes from a variety of heterogeneous data sources, which includes databases of any type that back the applications used by the company, data files exported by some applications, or APIs provided by internal or external services.
But designing a data warehouse correctly is a hard task, which requires gathering information about the business processes that need to be analysed in the first place. These processes must be translated into so-called star schemas, which means, denormalised databases where each table represents a dimension or facts.
We will discuss these topics:
- How to gather information about a business;
- Understanding dictionaries and how to identify business entities;
- Dimensions and facts;
- Setting a table granularity;
- Types of facts;
- Types of dimensions;
- Snowflakes and how to avoid them;
- Expanding existing dimensions and facts.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
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Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
2. China A generation ago hundreds of millions of people were chronically hungry Not only has China ended its dependence on food aid, but Almost overnight it has become the world's third largest food aid donor.
3. Hunger spreading Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of the Indian subcontinent The number of people in developing countries who are hungry has increased from a recent historical low of 800 million in 1996 to 830 million in 2003 Record or near-record grain prices in late 2007 will likely raise the number of hungry people even further, with children suffering the most
4. Threefold expansion in the world grain harvest since 1950 Rapid adoption in developing countries of high-yielding wheats and rices originally developed in japan and hybrid corn from the United States Tripling of irrigated area and an 11-fold increase in world fertilizer use Tripled the world grain harvest Growth in irrigation and fertilizer use essentially removed soil moisture and nutrient constraints on much of the world's cropland
5. Farmers are faced with shrinking supplies of irrigation water, a Diminishing response to additional fertilizer use, Rising temperatures, the Loss of cropland to nonfarm uses, rising fuel costs, and a Dwindling backlog of yield-raising technologies Annual addition of some 70 million people a year, Desire of some 5 billion people to consume more livestock products Millions of motorists turning to crop-based fuels to supplement tightening supplies of gasoline and diesel fuel. Outlook is changing
6. This helps explain why world grain production has fallen short of consumption in seven of the last eight years, dropping world grain stocks to the lowest level since 1974. Farmers and agronomists are now being thoroughly challenged
7. Rethinking land productivity Between 1950 and 1990, world grain yield per hectare climbed by 2.1 percent a year From 1990 to 2007, however, it rose only 1.2 percent annually The yield response to the additional application of fertilizer is diminishing and Partly because irrigation water supplies are limited
8. Breed crops that are more tolerant of drought and cold U.S. Corn breeders have developed corn varieties that are more drought-tolerant, enabling corn production to move westward into Kansas, Nebraska, and south Dakota Kansas, the leading U.S. Wheat-producing state, has used a combination of drought-resistant varieties in some areas and irrigation in others to expand corn planting to where the state now produces more corn than wheat. Similarly, corn production is expanding in more Northern states such as North Dakota and Minnesota Breed crops that are more tolerant of drought and cold
9. Where soil moisture permits, is to increase the area of multicropped land that produces more than one crop per year The tripling in the world grain harvest since 1950 is due in part to impressive increases in multiple cropping in Asia A concerted U.S. Effort to both breed earlier maturing varieties and develop cultural practices that would facilitate multiple cropping could substantially boost crop output. Western Europe, with its mild winters and high-yielding winter wheat, might also be able to double crop more with a summer grain, such as corn, or with a winter oilseed crop. Elsewhere, Brazil and Argentina have an extended frost-free growing season that supports extensive multicropping, often wheat or corn with soybeans Multicropped land
10. Africa There are still some places, however, such as most of Africa, where additional fertilizer would help boost yields Encouraging response to this situation in Africa is the simultaneous planting of grain and leguminous trees Has enabled farmers to double their grain yields within a matter of years as soil fertility builds
11. Secure land ownership encourages farmers toinvest in and improve their land A rural development institute survey in China revealed that farmers with documentation of land rights were twice as likely to make long-term investments in their land, such as adding greenhouses, orchards, or fishponds
12. Despite local advances, the overall loss of momentum in expanding food production is unmistakable. Will force us to Think more seriously about stabilizing population, Moving down the food chain, and Using the existing harvest more productively Achieving an acceptable worldwide balance between food and people may now depend on Stabilizing population as soon as possible, Reducing the unhealthily high consumption of animal products among the affluent, and Restricting the conversion of food crops to automotive fuels.
13. Raising water productivity World needs an effort to raise water productivity similar to the one that nearly tripled land productivity during the last half of the twentieth century Land productivity is typically measured in tons of grain per hectare or bushels per acre. A comparable indicator for irrigation water is kilograms of grain produced per ton of water. Worldwide, that average is now roughly 1 kilogram of grain per ton of water used
14. It takes 1,000 tons of water to produce 1 ton of grain 70 percent of world water use is devoted to irrigation Raising irrigation efficiency is central to raising water productivity overall Using more water-efficient irrigation technologies and Shifting to crops that use less water Eliminating water and energy subsidies that encourage wasteful water use allows water prices to rise to market levels Local rural water users associations that directly involve those using the water in its management have raised water productivity in many countries Water productivity
15. Usage of irrigation water never reaches 100 percent simply because Some irrigation water evaporates, Some percolates downward, and Some runs off Irrigation efficiency ranges between 25 and 40 percent in India, Mexico, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Thailand; Between 40 and 45 percent in Malaysia and morocco; and Between 50 and 60 percent in Israel, japan, and Taiwan Irrigation water efficiency
16. Irrigation efficiency Irrigation water efficiency is affected not only by the type and condition of irrigation systems but also by Soil type, Temperature, and Humidity. In hot, arid regions, the evaporation of irrigation water is far higher than in cooler, humid regions
17. Plans to raise China's irrigation efficiency from 43 percent in 2000 to 51 percent in 2010 and then to 55 percent in 2030 By Raising the price of water, Providing incentives for adopting more irrigation-efficient technologies, and Developing the local institutions to manage this process China
18. Shifting from the less efficient flood or furrow system to Overhead sprinklers or Drip irrigation, the gold standard of irrigation efficiency Switching from flood or furrow to low-pressure sprinkler systems Reduces water use by an estimated 30 percent, while Switching to drip irrigation typically cuts water use in half Drip systems are both labor-intensive and water-efficient, they are well suited to countries with a surplus of labor and a shortage of water Raising irrigation efficiency
19. Drip irrigation Cyprus, Israel, and Jordan—rely heavily on drip irrigation Used on 1-3 percent of irrigated land in India and China and on roughly 4 percent in the United States Has the potential to profitably irrigate 10 million hectares of India's cropland, or nearly one tenth of the total. Similar potential for China,
20. With its extensive double cropping of wheat and rice, Fast-falling water tables led the state farmers' commission in 2007 to recommend a delay in transplanting rice from may to late June or early July. This would reduce irrigation water use by roughly one third since transplanting would coincide with the arrival of the monsoon. This reduction in groundwater use would help stabilize the water table, which has fallen from 5 meters below the surface to 30 meters in parts of the state. Punjab
21. Mexico developing water users associations 2002, farmers associations managed more than 80 percent of Mexico's publicly irrigated land Associations often need to charge more for irrigation water, but for farmers The production gains from managing their water supply themselves more than outweigh this additional outlay
22. Where water users associations manage both irrigation and residential water, The number of associations increased from 340 in 1987 to 2,575 in 1999, covering much of the country. Many other countries now have such bodies managing their water resources. Although the early groups were organized to deal with large publicly developed irrigation systems, some recent ones have been formed to manage local groundwater irrigation as well. Their goal is to stabilize the water table to avoid aquifer depletion and the economic disruption that it brings to the community. Tunisia
23. Subsidies lead to irrationally low water prices, creating the impression that water is abundant when in fact it is scarce As water becomes scarce, it needs to be priced accordingly Northern China are raising water prices in small increments to discourage waste Higher water price affects all water users, encouraging investment in more water-efficient irrigation technologies, industrial processes, and household appliances Low water productivity is often the result of low water prices
24. A new way of thinking about water use. For example, shifting to more water-efficient crops wherever possible boosts water productivity. Rice production is being phased out around Beijing because rice is such a thirsty crop. Similarly, Egypt restricts rice production in favor of wheat. Any measures that raise crop yields on irrigated land also raise the productivity of irrigation water. Similarly, any measures that convert grain into animal protein more efficiently in effect increase water productivity Needed now is a new mindset,
25. In the United States, where annual consumption of grain as food and feed averages some 800 kilograms (four fifths of a ton) per person, A modest reduction in the consumption of meat, milk, and eggs could easily cut grain use per person by 100 kilograms. For 300 million Americans, such a reduction would cut grain use by 30 million tons and Irrigation water use by 30 billion tons Moving down the food chain reduces water use.
26. Reducing water use to the sustainable yield of aquifers and rivers Worldwide involves a wide range of measures not only in agriculture but throughout the economy More water- efficient industrial processes and using More water-efficient household appliances. Recycling urban water supplies is another obvious step to consider in countries facing acute water shortages
28. Another way to raise both land and water productivity Some 37 percent (about 740 million tons) of the world grain harvest used to produce animal protein, even a modest gain in efficiency can save a large quantity of grain World meat consumption increased from 44 million tons in 1950 to 240 million tons in 2005, more than doubling consumption per person from 17 kilograms to 39 kilograms (86 pounds). In every society where incomes have risen, meat consumption has too, Producing protein more efficiently
29. As both the oceanic fish catch and the production of beef on rangelands have leveled off, The world has shifted to grain-based production of animal protein to expand output. And as the demand for meat climbs, consumers are shifting from beef and pork to Poultry and fish, sources that convert grain into protein most efficiently. Health concerns among industrial-country consumers are reinforcing this shift. Nature’s production of fish and beef has leveled off
30. Animals conversion of grain into protein varies widely With cattle in feedlots, it takes roughly 7 kilograms of grain to produce a 1-kilogram gain in live weight. For pork, the figure is over 3 kilograms of grain per kilogram of weight gain, For poultry it is just over 2, and For herbivorous species of farmed fish (such as carp, tilapia, and catfish), it is less than 2.
31. Global beef production, most of which comes from range- lands, grew less than 1 percent a year from 1990 to 2006. Growth in the number of cattle feedlots was minimal. Pork production grew by 2.6 percent annually, and Poultry by nearly 5 percent. The rapid growth in poultry production, going from 41 million tons in 1990 to 83 million tons in 2006 enabled poultry to eclipse beef in 1995, moving it into second place behind pork. World pork production, half of it now in China, overtook beef production in 1979 and has continued to widen the lead since then. Animal protein production trends
32. Highly grain-efficient fish farm output May also overtake beef production within the next decade or so. Herbivorous fish convert feed into protein so efficiently. Aquacultural output expanded from 13 million tons in 1990 to 48 million tons in 2005, growing by more than 9 percent a year
33. Salmon, a carnivorous species, and shrimp These operations account for 4.7 million tons of output, less than 10 percent of the global farmed fish total, but they are growing fast Salmon are inefficient in that they are fed other fish, usually as fishmeal, which comes either from fish processing wastes or from low-value fish caught specifically for this purpose. Shrimp farming often involves the destruction of coastal mangrove forests to create areas for the shrimp Environmentally inefficient or disruptive,
34. Herbivorous fish Worldwide, aquaculture is dominated by herbivorous species—mainly Carp in China and India, but also Catfish in the United States and Tilapia in several countries—and shellfish. This is where the great growth potential for efficient animal protein production lies
35. China World's leading producer, Accounts for an astounding two thirds of global fish farm output Dominated by finfish (mostly carp), which are produced inland in freshwater ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and rice paddies, And by shellfish (mostly oysters, clams, and mussels), which are produced mostly in coastal regions
36. Using four types of carp that feed at different levels of the food chain, in effect emulating natural aquatic ecosystems. Silver carp and bighead carp are filter feeders, eating phytoplankton and zoo- plankton respectively. The grass carp, as its name implies, feeds largely on vegetation, while the common carp is a bottom feeder, living on detritus. These four species thus form a small ecosystem, with each filling a particular niche. This multi- species system, which converts feed into high-quality protein with remarkable efficiency, allowed China to produce some 14 million tons of carp in 2005. Aquacultural output in China—at 30 million tons—is double that of poultry, making it the first major country where fish farming has eclipsed poultry farming China has also developed a fish polyculture
37. China's aquaculture is often integrated with agriculture, Enabling farmers to use agricultural wastes, such as pig or duck manure, to fertilize ponds, thus Stimulating the growth of plankton on which the fish feed. Fish polyculture, which commonly boosts pond productivity over that of monocultures by at least half, is widely practiced in both China and India China aquculture
38. Thailand and Viet Nam. Viet Nam, for example, devised a plan in 2001 of developing 700,000 hectares of land in the Mekong delta for aquaculture, which Now produces more than 1 million tons of fish and shrimp. In the United States, catfish, which require less than 2 kilograms of feed per kilogram of live weight, is the leading aquacultural product. U.S. Annual catfish production of 600 million pounds (about two pounds per person) is concentrated in the south. Mississippi, with easily 60 percent of U.S. Output, is the Catfish capital of the world Other countries following
39. When we think of soybeans in our daily diet, it is typically as tofu, veggie burgers, or other meat substitutes. But most of the world's fast-growing soybean harvest is consumed indirectly in the beef, pork, poultry, milk, eggs, and farmed fish that we eat. Although not a visible part of our diets, the incorporation of soybean meal into feed rations has revolutionized the world feed industry, greatly increasing the efficiency with which grain is converted into animal protein Soy indirectly consumed
40. In 2007, the world's farmers produced 222 million tons of soybeans— 1 ton for every 9 tons of grain produced. Of this, some 20 million tons were consumed directly as tofu or meat substitutes. The bulk of the remaining 202 million tons, after some was saved for seed, was crushed in order to extract 37 million tons of soybean oil, separating it from the highly valued, high-protein meal. The 160 million or so tons of protein-rich soybean meal that remain after the oil is extracted is fed to cattle, pigs, chicken, and fish. Combining soybean meal with grain in roughly onepart meal to four parts grain dramatically boosts the efficiency with which grain is converted into animal protein, sometimes nearly doubling it Explains why world soybean production has increased nearly 14-fold since 1950. Soybeans
41. Mounting pressures on land and water resources have led to the evolution Since 1970, India's milk production has increased more than fourfold, jumping from 21 million to 96 million tons 1997 India overtook the United States to become the world's leading producer of milk and other dairy products 1965 national dairy development board Purpose was to market the milk from tiny herds Creating the market for milk spurred the fourfold growth in output India has built the world's largest dairy industry almost entirely on roughage—wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalks, and grass gathered from the roadside. Even so, the value of the milk produced each year now exceeds that of the rice harvest. Roughage rather than grain
42. A second new protein production model, one that also relies on ruminants and roughage, has evolved in four provinces in eastern China—hebei, Shandong, Henan, and. Although wheat straw and cornstalks are often used as fuel for cooking, villagers are shifting to other sources of energy for this, Which lets them feed the straw and cornstalks to cattle. Supplementing this roughage with small amounts of nitrogen in the form of urea allows the microflora in the complex four- stomach digestive system of cattle to convert roughage into animal protein more efficiently. These four crop-producing provinces in China, dubbed the beef belt by officials, use crop residues to produce much more beef than the vast grazing provinces in the Northwest do. The use of crop residues to produce milk in India and beef in China lets farmers reap a second harvest from the original grain crop, thus boosting both land and water productivity. Second harvest from the original grain crop
43. World desperately needs more new protein production techniques Meat consumption is growing twice as fast as population, Egg consumption is growing nearly three times as fast, and Growth in the demand for fish—both from the oceans and from fish farms—is also outpacing that of population
44. The world has had many years of experience in feeding an additional 70 million people each year It has no experience with some 5 billion people striving to move up the food chain at the same time Diversifying diets has dramatically improved nutrition in China Half the women in the developing worldsuffer from anemia, the world's most common nutritional deficiency Diets high in starchy food and low in iron-rich foods, such as leafy green vegetables, shellfish, nuts, and red meat lead to insufficient iron in the diet, which in turn leads to low birth- weights and high infant and maternal mortality A massive new factor
45. Encouragingly, a decade of research by the Canadian-based micronutrient initiative has succeeded in fortifying salt with iodine and iron together. Just as iodine fortification of salt eliminated iodine deficiency diseases, so, too, can the addition of iron eliminate iron deficiency diseases. This double-fortified salt is being introduced initially in India, Kenya, and Nigeria. The prospect of eliminating iron deficiency disorders at an annual cost of 20c per person is one of the most exciting new options for improving the human condition in this new century Eliminating anemia
47. At what level of food consumption?" One of the questions i am most often asked is, "how many people can the earth support?" At the U.S. Level of 800 kilograms of grain per person annually for food and feed, the 2-billion-ton annual world harvest of grain would support 2.5 billion people At the Italian level of consumption of close to 400 kilograms, the current harvest would support 5 billion people. At the 200 kilograms of grain consumed by the average Indian, it would support a population of 10 billion. Moving down the food chain
48. More income – up the food chain In every society where incomes rise, people move up the food chain, eating more animal protein as beef, pork, poultry, milk, eggs, and seafood. The mix of animal products varies with geography and culture, but the shift to more livestock products as purchasing power increases appears to be universal As consumption of livestock products, poultry, and farmed fish rises, grain use per person also rises.
49. Roughly 800 kilograms of grain consumed per person each year in the United States, about 100 kilograms is eaten directly as bread, pasta, and breakfast cereals, While the bulk of the grain is consumed indirectly in the form of livestock and poultry products. By contrast, in India, where people consume just under 200 kilograms of grain per year, or roughly a pound per day, Nearly all grain is eaten directly to satisfy basic food energy needs. Little is available for conversion into livestock products. Ends of the spectrum
50. Life expectancy is highest in Italy even though U.S. Medical expenditures per person are much higher. People who live very low or very high on the food chain do not live as long as those in an intermediate position Mediterranean type diet that includes meat, cheese, and seafood - healthier and live longer High on the food chain, such as Americans or Canadians, can improve their health by moving down the food chain In low-income countries like India, where a starchy staple such as rice can supply 60 percent or more of total caloric intake, eating more protein-rich foods can improve health and raise life expectancy Life expectancy
51. Energy used in the food economy to provide the typical American diet and That used for personal transportation are roughly the same The range between the more and less carbon- intensive transportation options and dietary options is each about 4 to 1 With cars, the Toyota Prius, a gas-electric hybrid, uses scarcely one fourth as much fuel as a Chevrolet suburban SUV. Similarly with diets, a plant-based diet requires roughly one fourth as much energy as a diet rich in red meat. Shifting from a diet rich in red meat to a plant-based diet cuts greenhouse gas emissions as much as shifting from a suburban suv to a Prius. What we eat affects climate
52. Reduce the demand for land, water, and fertilizer; stabilize climate Inclusion of soybean meal in feed rations to convert grain into animal protein more efficiently, The shift by consumers to more grain-efficient forms of animal protein, and The movement of consumers down the food chain . this reduces carbon emissions and thus helps to stabilize climate as well
54. October 2007, the food prospect does not look particularly promising Grain prices in recent days have reached historic highs Wheat has gone over $9 a bushel for the first time in history—more than double the figure a year earlier. International food aid flows are being slashed as rising grain prices collide with fixed budgets If we continue with business-as-usual, the number of hungry people will soar. Cheap food may now be history. Action on many fronts
55. Ensuring adequate supplies of grain WAS a simple matter Whenever the world grain harvest fell short and prices started to rise, The U.S. Department of agriculture would return to production the cropland that had been idled under commodity-supply management programs, Thus boosting output and stabilizing prices. This era ended in 1996 when the United States discontinued its annual cropland set-aside program.
56. Eradicating hunger depends on eradicating poverty Hunger is almost always the result of poverty Where populations are outrunning their land and water resources, eradicating hunger also depends on stabilizing population Our plan B goal is to stabilize world population by 2040 at the 8-billion level. This will not be easy, but the alternative may be a halt in population growth because of rising mortality
57. New reality is that the ministry of energy may have a greater influence on future food security than the ministry of agriculture Principal threat to food security today is climate change from the burning of fossil fuels Minimize crop-withering heat waves Prevent the melting of the glaciers that feed Asia's major rivers during the dry season To prevent the ice sheet melting that would inundate the river deltas and floodplains that produce much of the Asian rice harvest Energy may have a greater influence on future food security
58. A world where cropland is scarce Whether to develop auto-centered systems or more-diversified transport systems that are less land-intensive, including light rail, buses, and bicycles, will directly affect world food security Transportation policies that diversify transport systems and reduce fossil fuel use will also help stabilize climate
59. Crop- based automotive fuels Given the turmoil in world grain markets in late 2007, it is time for the U.S. Government to place a moratorium on the licensing of any more grain-based ethanol distilleries
60. Whether we bike or drive to work will affect carbon emissions, climate change, and food security The size of the car we drive to the supermarket may affect the size of the bill at the supermarket checkout counter If we are living high on the food chain, we can move down, improving our health while helping to stabilize climate Food security is something in which we all have a stake—and a responsibility We have a role to play as individuals