Chapter 6 presentation
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The document defines key terms related to the immune system, including antigens, antibodies, and vaccination. It explains that antigens are foreign proteins that induce an immune response and antibody production, while antibodies are protective blood proteins produced in response to antigens. Vaccination works by exposing the body to a weakened pathogen to stimulate antibody production and protect against disease. The document also notes that antibodies can mistakenly attack healthy body tissues in autoimmune disorders.
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This document discusses hypersensitivity and allergy reactions, specifically focusing on the four main types of hypersensitivity reactions:
Type I is an immediate hypersensitivity mediated by IgE antibodies that binds to mast cells, causing the release of mediators like histamine. It causes rapid allergic reactions.
Type II involves IgG or IgM antibody reactions, complement activation, and cell damage. It includes transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease.
Type III is caused by antigen-antibody immune complexes that deposit in tissues, activating platelets and neutrophils and potentially causing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or glomerulonephritis.
Type IV is a delayed hypersensitivity mediated by T cells and cytokines rather than antibodies.
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Hypersenstivity
This document discusses hypersensitivity and immune-mediated disorders. It defines hypersensitivity as an immunologic reaction that causes tissue damage upon reexposure to an antigen. There are four types of hypersensitivity reactions classified by Gell and Coombs: type I involves IgE antibodies, type II involves IgG antibodies and complement, type III involves immune complex formation, and type IV involves delayed-type hypersensitivity and T cells. Causes of hypersensitivity diseases include reactions against self-antigens due to failures in self-tolerance (autoimmunity), reactions against microbes, and reactions against environmental antigens. Diseases can be caused by antibodies against cells/tissues or immune complexes deposited in tissues.
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Hypersensitivity
immune & inflammatory responses that are harmful to the host.
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Type I is an immediate hypersensitivity mediated by IgE antibodies that binds to mast cells, causing the release of mediators like histamine. It causes rapid allergic reactions.
Type II involves IgG or IgM antibody reactions, complement activation, and cell damage. It includes transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease.
Type III is caused by antigen-antibody immune complexes that deposit in tissues, activating platelets and neutrophils and potentially causing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or glomerulonephritis.
Type IV is a delayed hypersensitivity mediated by T cells and cytokines rather than antibodies.
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Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions. The immune system protects the body from pathogens and other foreign substances. It has both innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate defenses while adaptive immunity involves memory cells that mount stronger, pathogen-specific responses. The immune system is made up of cells like lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages that recognize antigens and trigger antibody and cell-mediated responses to protect health. When it malfunctions, autoimmune diseases can occur.
Immune system pp
The immune system protects the body from pathogens through nonspecific and specific defenses. Nonspecific defenses provide a first line of defense against pathogens and include physical barriers like skin as well as chemical barriers and inflammation. If pathogens breach these defenses, the specific immune response is triggered. This involves B cells and antibodies that provide humoral immunity against pathogens in bodily fluids, and T cells that provide cell-mediated immunity against intracellular pathogens and abnormal cells. Memory B and T cells provide long-term immunity against previously encountered pathogens. Vaccines stimulate active immunity by exposing the immune system to antigens in a controlled way. Passive immunity can also be provided temporarily via transfer of antibodies from other sources.
Defining Terms Of The Lymphatic & Immune System
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions in health and disease, including issues like hypersensitivities, transplant rejection, and autoimmune disorders. The immune system can become compromised, as seen in immunodeficiency disorders like HIV/AIDS where the virus attacks the immune system. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy cells, often affecting organs like the lungs and kidneys. While not curable, autoimmune diseases are typically treated with immunosuppressant drugs that decrease the immune response.
Defining Terms Of The Lymphatic & Immune System
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions in health and disease, including issues like hypersensitivities, transplant rejection, and autoimmune disorders. The immune system can become compromised, as seen in immunodeficiency disorders like HIV/AIDS where the virus attacks the immune system. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy cells, often affecting organs like the lungs and kidneys. While not curable, autoimmune diseases are typically treated with immunosuppressant drugs that decrease the immune response.
Chapter 6 terms
The document defines key terms related to the blood, lymphatic, and immune systems including antibodies, allergies, and vaccination. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by the immune system to detect and combat antigens like bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Allergies occur when the immune system has an unusual reaction to an allergen through itchy eyes, sneezing, or skin reactions. Vaccines work by exposing the body to weakened forms of viruses and bacteria to produce antibodies to prevent future infections from the live versions of these pathogens.
Auto immune diseases
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES IS DEFINED AS THE CONDITION WERE OUR OWN IMMUNE SYSTEM FAILS TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN SELF AND NON-SELF CELLS.
Classic problems and emerging areas of immune system by Kainat Ramzan
The immune system can be simplistically viewed as having two “lines of defense” innate immunity and adaptive immunity. The immune system refers to a collection of cells and proteins that function to protect the skin, respiratory passages, intestinal tract, and other areas from foreign antigens, such as microbes, viruses, cancer cells, and toxins.
Introduction to immune system
This video is presented by our volunteer Hiruni Sandunika, she is from srilanka, and she is covering sub topics related to Immune system in this video presentation.
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7QXD874VNM
Tolerance Auto-immune Diseases and Tumor Immunity
The document discusses various aspects of tumor immunity and tumor antigens:
1. Tumor antigens are antigens produced by tumor cells that trigger an immune response. They can be used as tumor markers for diagnosis and potentially for cancer therapy.
2. There are two main types of tumor antigens - tumor associated antigens, which increase with tumor growth, and tumor specific transplantation antigens, which develop during tumor development and prevent tumor transplantation between identical hosts.
3. The immune system typically mounts responses against tumor antigens via antibodies and cytotoxic T cells. Understanding tumor antigens is important for cancer immunology and developing immunotherapies to treat cancer.
Immunity, immune def, hypersensitivity
Immunity involves the body's resistance to pathogenic agents. It is broadly divided into innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity is present from birth while acquired immunity develops after exposure to specific pathogens. Immunization helps prepare the body against diseases either through passive or active immunity. Immunodeficiency diseases are caused by inherited or secondary defects in immunity. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by HIV and damages the immune system. Hypersensitivity reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to antigens and are classified into four types based on the mechanisms involved.
Lecture13 Immunity
This document discusses the different types of immunity, including innate immunity, acquired immunity (naturally acquired active, artificially acquired active, naturally acquired passive, artificially acquired passive), and provides details on naturally acquired active immunity and artificially acquired active immunity. It also summarizes humoral immunity, noting that it involves B cells producing antibodies against foreign antigens found in extracellular fluids and on cell surfaces to defend against bacteria, toxins and viruses.
Auto immunity and immunodeficiencies
The document discusses autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. It defines autoimmunity as the body's immune system attacking its own antigens, potentially causing tissue damage. Normally, immune tolerance prevents this. When tolerance is breached, various autoimmune diseases can occur. The document also defines and classifies primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, providing examples of defects and common infections associated with different types of immunodeficiencies. Laboratory tests for diagnosing autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies are also outlined.
Cells and tissues of the immune system
this power point is about the cells and tissues of the immune system in the subject of pathological anatomy and physiology.
Unit 5 Immune System
The document describes the human immune system and its defenses against pathogens. It discusses both nonspecific defenses like physical and chemical barriers provided by the skin, mucus, stomach acids, and inflammatory response, as well as specific defenses like the antibody-mediated and cell-mediated responses involving B cells, T cells, memory cells, and vaccines.
Allergy and Immunization.pptx
This is the process by which individual’s immune system becomes fortified against an infectious agents (immunogen) to a subsequent encounter naturally or , also achieved by vaccination.
An exaggerated immune response to innocuous antigens (harmless foreign substance) in an individual upon reexposure. Also known as Hypersensitivity or Allergic reactions.
IMMUNITY.pptx
BIOTECHNOLOGY IS CHALLENGING SUBJECT TO TEACH AND UNDERSTAND ALSO .....THEIR INTERESTING PART IS TO LEARN ABOUT IMMUNITY AND THE IMPORTANT PART MAJOR COMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases dr. ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
Immunology.pptx
The document discusses key concepts in immunology including innate and adaptive immunity, antigens and antibodies, types of hypersensitivity reactions, and vaccination. It provides details on the components and functions of the immune system, mechanisms of antibody production, and classifications of immunity as innate/natural or acquired/adaptive. Importantly, it summarizes the four main types of hypersensitivity reactions as Type I to IV and their characteristics. The document also explains concepts like antigens, antibodies, immunization, and different types of vaccines.
Introduction and types of immunity I Pharmaceutical Microbiology
The document discusses immunology, which is the study of the immune system and its functions. It describes the innate and adaptive immune systems. The innate system is non-specific and provides immediate protection through physical and cellular barriers. The adaptive system builds immunity through antibodies and memory cells to mount pathogen-specific responses. Key components include antigens, antibodies, white blood cells, and proteins that signal and complement immune responses.
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The document summarizes the body's defenses against infection. It describes both nonspecific defenses like the skin, mucus, and fever that act against a wide range of pathogens, as well as specific immune defenses including humoral immunity mediated by B cells and antibodies and cell-mediated immunity involving T cells. Memory B and T cells provide long-lasting immunity against pathogens the body has previously encountered.
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Classic problems and emerging areas of immune system by Kainat Ramzan
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