Chapter 30
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This document is from a chapter about word choice. It discusses being precise with language by avoiding wordiness, cliches, and slang. It encourages the reader to carefully select words and remove extra words when writing. Examples of wordiness, cliches, slang, and precise language are provided. The document aims to help the reader appreciate precise word choice in their own writing.
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Chapter 30
The document discusses word choice in writing. It explains that writers should avoid wordiness, cliches, and slang and instead use precise language. The chapter teaches how to identify these issues and appreciate careful word choice. Examples are provided of wordiness, cliches, slang, and precise language to illustrate these concepts.
Aids to correct business writing 1
This document provides guidelines for choosing words when writing for business. It recommends using familiar, simple, short, strong, and specific words over unfamiliar, complex, long, weak, and vague words. Active voice and verbs are preferred over passive voice and nouns. Idioms should be used correctly and technical words cautiously. Saxon words are clearer than Latin-derived words. Appropriate synonyms and non-sexist language should be used. The goal is to make writing clear, concise and easily understood by the reader.
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The document provides several strategies for improving word choice in writing, including being careful when using unfamiliar words or synonyms, focusing on strong nouns and verbs before adjectives, using the slash/option technique to brainstorm word choices, avoiding repetition unless it is purposeful, writing your thesis in multiple ways, reading your writing aloud slowly, talking through your argument instead of reading it, and having an outsider point out any confusing words or sentences.
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Chapter 30
The document discusses word choice in writing. It explains that writers should avoid wordiness, cliches, and slang and instead use precise language. The chapter teaches how to identify these issues and appreciate careful word choice. Examples are provided of wordiness, cliches, slang, and precise language to illustrate these concepts.
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This document provides guidelines for choosing words when writing for business. It recommends using familiar, simple, short, strong, and specific words over unfamiliar, complex, long, weak, and vague words. Active voice and verbs are preferred over passive voice and nouns. Idioms should be used correctly and technical words cautiously. Saxon words are clearer than Latin-derived words. Appropriate synonyms and non-sexist language should be used. The goal is to make writing clear, concise and easily understood by the reader.
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The presentation discusses adapting communication and selecting words effectively. It emphasizes selecting short, familiar words and using technical words and acronyms properly. It also discusses using concrete language, active voice, and precise meanings. The presentation provides guidance on adapting to readers, visualizing their knowledge, and using familiar words. It advises avoiding discriminatory, stereotypical, or ability-focused words. The overall aim is to choose words that are clear, concise, and inclusive for the intended audience.
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The document provides several strategies for improving word choice in writing, including being careful when using unfamiliar words or synonyms, focusing on strong nouns and verbs before adjectives, using the slash/option technique to brainstorm word choices, avoiding repetition unless it is purposeful, writing your thesis in multiple ways, reading your writing aloud slowly, talking through your argument instead of reading it, and having an outsider point out any confusing words or sentences.
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2. Ways to build vocabulary include learning words in context, using vocabulary cards, extensive reading, and distinguishing between formal and informal words.
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The document discusses strategies for developing vocabulary skills. It outlines different types of vocabulary including listening, speaking, reading and writing vocabulary. It provides tips for choosing words to teach like examining the text type and determining if words appear in directive, non-directive or mis-directive contexts. Strategies for enhancing vocabulary are discussed like developing a reading habit, using context clues, dictionaries and thesauruses, understanding word roots and maintaining a personal word list.
Chapter 15
This document is a chapter from a textbook about simple sentences. It discusses recognizing the basic elements of sentences, including subjects, verbs, prepositions, and prepositional phrases. The chapter aims to help students identify subjects and verbs, recognize helping verbs and infinitives, and correct errors in sentence construction.
5 tips to make your writing clearer
Tip 1 advises writers to consider their target reader and choose clear, appropriate language for the reader's level of understanding. Tip 2 recommends keeping sentences short on average between 15-20 words while varying sentence length. Tip 3 suggests using active verbs over passive verbs for clearer writing. Tip 4 cautions against unnecessary nominalizations which can make writing dull. Tip 5 encourages emphasizing positive language over negative.
Vocabulary
Vocabulary refers to the words used in a language. It can refer to all words in a language, words used in a particular context, or words an individual knows. When learning a foreign language, developing one's individual vocabulary is very important. There is an active vocabulary of words one uses and a passive vocabulary of words one understands but does not use. Effective vocabulary instruction teaches word origins and meanings, connotations, appropriate usage, relationships between words through synonyms and collocations, and how affixes change word meanings. Techniques for teaching vocabulary include matching exercises, working with synonyms and antonyms, asking questions using target words, exploring word relationships, and playing vocabulary games.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Chapter 30
- 1. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 2. CHAPTER 30: WORD CHOICE Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 3. CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this chapter, you will learn to: identify examples of wordiness, slang, and cliches and gain an appreciation for precise word choice (diction) in your writing. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 4. PRECISE LANGUAGE Pay close attention to word choice while writing Be careful to use precise language and avoid wordiness, cliches, and slang. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 5. WORDINESS As you revise and edit, check for wordiness: the use of extra words. Strive to be precise and direct. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 6. CLICHES Cliches are worn-out expressions. Avoid using cliches in your writing. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 7. SLANG Slang is an informal vocabulary frequently used during conversations among friends. It is also used by fiction writers when they try to create realistic dialogue. Avoid using slang in formal writing assignments. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 8. WHICH SENTENCE IS AN EXAMPLE OF PRECISE LANGUAGE? A. B. C. D. He gave me a smile. Yesterday, I scored 100 on my quiz. I made lots of money. Julie is a friend. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 9. WHICH SENTENCE IS AN EXAMPLE OF PRECISE LANGUAGE? A. B. C. D. He gave me a smile. Yesterday, I scored 100 on my quiz. I made lots of money. Julie is a friend. gain an appreciation for precise word choice (diction) in your writing. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 10. FIND AN EXAMPLE OF SLANG A. B. C. make ends meet in the blink of an eye got game Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
- 11. FIND AN EXAMPLE OF SLANG A. B. C. make ends meet in the blink of an eye got game identify examples of wordiness, slang, and cliches Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Editor's Notes
- Review chapter objectives.
- Discuss precise language.
- Discuss wordiness.
- Discusscliches.Share examples.
- Discuss slang.Have students share examples.