Learn more about the key ethical considerations faced by practitioners of public relations. Also, this lecture explores the Code of Ethics by the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA).
Public Relation is the practice of preaching the organization's message in public. Sometimes PR professionals face ethical problem in the path of influencing value, belief, opinion and behaviour of the public. This is a guideline for the ethical practice of Public relations.
From the Rosetta Stone to the Boston Tea Party to the "Torches of Freedom" to today's digital age, public relations or responsible advocacy (and sometimes not so responsible) have been a part of the human landscape.
Ethics in business is a critical business driver, but ethics in PR is critical learn why and how to apply ethical conduct in the profession of public relations.
Learn more about the key ethical considerations faced by practitioners of public relations. Also, this lecture explores the Code of Ethics by the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA).
Public Relation is the practice of preaching the organization's message in public. Sometimes PR professionals face ethical problem in the path of influencing value, belief, opinion and behaviour of the public. This is a guideline for the ethical practice of Public relations.
From the Rosetta Stone to the Boston Tea Party to the "Torches of Freedom" to today's digital age, public relations or responsible advocacy (and sometimes not so responsible) have been a part of the human landscape.
Ethics in business is a critical business driver, but ethics in PR is critical learn why and how to apply ethical conduct in the profession of public relations.
In this presentation we will learn ‘’ Evolution of Communication Theories’’ Before starting this we are discussing about basic communication and communication theories.
Communication: Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place, person or group to another.
Communication theories: Communication theory is a proposed description of communication phenomena, the relationships among them, a storyline describing these relationships, and an argument for these three elements. Communication theory provides a way of talking about and analyzing key events, processes, and commitments that together form communication
Agenda Setting theory, a subsidy of Communication theory. This will enable you to get full understanding of the agenda concept.
For assistance, please refer to the document:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CN9gew453uO9dYQR0EWsO8qwNOaJPJGr/view?usp=sharing
the notion of the public sphere is at the center of participatory approaches to democracy. the public sphere is the arena where citizens come together, exchange opinions regarding public affairs, discuss, deliberate, and eventually form public opinion. This arena can be a specific place where citizens gather (for example,
a town hall meeting), but it can also be a communication infrastructure through which citizens send and receive information and opinions. the public sphere is a central aspect of good governance. Without a func- tioning and democratic public sphere, government officials cannot be held accountable for their actions, and citizens will not be able to assert any influence over political decisions.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Key learning outcomes
• Analyze public relations models on one-way/two-way and
asymmetrical/ symmetrical dimensions.
• Demonstrate knowledge of key figures in public relations history.
• Integrate knowledge of social history with knowledge of public
relations.
• Identify common motivations for strategic communication in
history.
• Apply knowledge of history to analyze modern public relations
practices.
• Distinguish public relations from journalism.
• Discuss the ethics of transparency, objectivity, and advocacy.
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Kelleher, Public Relations, 1e Oxford University Press
3. Public relations models in
history
• press agentry/publicity
• public information
• two-way asymmetrical
• two-way symmetrical
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Grunig and Hunt charted a historical progression of public
relations outlined in four models of public relations throughout
history.
4. Press agentry/Publicity model
• Propaganda
• Attention getting
• Less-than-accurate information (if not downright lies)
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Hallmarks of press agentry/publicity
6. Case Study
The reality of “The Situation”
• What retailer offered to pay
Mike Sorrentino to stop wearing
that brand of clothing?
• What was the crux of the
matter?
• Was this a successful public
relations invention?
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7. Public information
• Ivy Ledbetter Lee started the nation’s third public relations
agency and went on to become the man many refer to today
as the founder of public relations.
• Lee went on to represent some of the biggest names of the
day in corporate America, including the Pennsylvania Railroad
and the Rockefellers.
• Lee is deeply associated with the public information model of
public relations in which communication is mostly one-way,
initiated by an organization to inform publics with truthful and
accurate information.
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8. Two-way asymmetrical
communication
• Both Bernays and Lee “stressed the
importance of communicating the
public’s point of view to management.”
• This model of public relations describes
much of the work that modern public
relations professionals practice.
• This model advocates and works to
persuade publics on behalf of
organizations.
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9. Two-way symmetrical
communication
• Symmetry is balance.
• Organizations are just as likely to change as their publics.
• Ford Motor Company is an example.
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11. A broader social history
of public relations
Effective public relations was around long before the rise of
twentieth-century business in America.
Besides business, public relations has a rich heritage in three “deep
veins” of history.
• Religion
• Education, nonprofit, and reform
• Politics and government
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12. Religion
• Lamme and Russell highlighted
evidence of public relations as
early as the first century.
• At least one public relations
historian identifies Paul as “one
of the most influential
communicators in history.”
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13. Education, nonprofit, and reform
• Harvard College is known to have begun fundraising
campaigns for commencement ceremonies as early as
1641.
• These ceremonies emphasize how the college was
educating American Indians as part of a pitch for
donations.
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14. Politics and government
• Alexander the Great in the fourth century BC
• Early American classic PR strategies and tactics such as
sloganeering (“Give me liberty or give me death!”)
• Pseudo events organized primarily for media coverage
(Boston Tea Party) and opinion-editorial writing (Federalist
Papers)
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15. Major motivations for
public relations
• Recruitment
• Legitimacy
• Agitation
• Advocacy
• Profit
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16. Major motivations
• Recruitment: Today’s recruiters are just as likely to use social
networking sites and other forms of social media to carry out
their work as they are more traditional tactics.
• Legitimacy: In the twentieth century, communication
researchers identified a function of mass media that they
called status conferral.
• Agitation: Getting people fired up has long been a motivation
of strategic communicators. Organized agitation evolved into
new forms with the rise of the Internet.
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17. Major motivations
• Advocacy: On the flip side of agitation is advocacy, the first
professional value listed in the PRSA Code of Ethics.
• Profit: One of the largest roles for public relations has been
and always will be working in conjunction with advertising and
marketing to promote the sale of products, services, and
ideas.
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The principle of transparency is critical whether you practice
public information with a journalistic set of values or with
advocacy.
18. Ethics
Transparency, objectivity, and advocacy
• Transparency: Disclosure and dissemination of information is a
cornerstone of public relations ethics.
• Objectivity: Oxford Dictionaries define the adjective objective as
“not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering
and representing facts.”
• Advocacy: This is a value in the PRSA Code of Ethics: “We serve
the public interest by acting as responsible advocates for those we
represent. We provide a voice in the marketplace of ideas, facts,
and viewpoints to aid informed public debate.”
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19. Summary
• Analyze public relations models on one-way/two-way and
asymmetrical/symmetrical dimensions.
• Demonstrate knowledge of key figures in public relations
history.
• Integrate knowledge of social history with knowledge of public
relations.
• Identify common motivations for strategic communication in
history.
• Apply knowledge of history to analyze modern public relations
practices.
• Distinguish public relations from journalism.
• Discuss the ethics of transparency, objectivity, and advocacy.
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