1) The world population is currently around 7 billion and growing by 83 million people per year, projected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050.
2) Population growth contributes significantly to environmental problems through increased consumption of resources and production of waste.
3) Various factors influence population growth rates between countries, including development level, access to family planning, women's empowerment, and poverty levels. Promoting economic development, empowering women, reducing poverty, and increasing access to family planning can help slow population growth rates.
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
Autarky is the quality of being self-sufficient. Usually the term is applied to political states or their economic systems. Autarky exists whenever an entity can survive or continue its activities without external assistance or international trade. If a self-sufficient economy also refuses all trade with the outside world then it is called a closed economy.
Autarky is not necessarily an economic phenomenon; for example, a military autarky would be a state that could defend itself without help from another country, or could manufacture all of its weapons without any imports from the outside world.
Autarky can be said to be the policy of a state or other entity when it seeks to be self-sufficient as a whole, but also can be limited to a narrow field such as possession of a key raw material. For example, many countries have a policy of autarky with respect to foodstuffs and water for national security reasons.
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
Autarky is the quality of being self-sufficient. Usually the term is applied to political states or their economic systems. Autarky exists whenever an entity can survive or continue its activities without external assistance or international trade. If a self-sufficient economy also refuses all trade with the outside world then it is called a closed economy.
Autarky is not necessarily an economic phenomenon; for example, a military autarky would be a state that could defend itself without help from another country, or could manufacture all of its weapons without any imports from the outside world.
Autarky can be said to be the policy of a state or other entity when it seeks to be self-sufficient as a whole, but also can be limited to a narrow field such as possession of a key raw material. For example, many countries have a policy of autarky with respect to foodstuffs and water for national security reasons.
Human Population Growth and Environmental ImpactsBilhami
Academic life comes with various challenges. However, you do not have to get stressed with challenges related with completing assignments. We are available 24/7 to help you complete outstanding assignments within your deadlines. You have a guarantee of 100% customer satisfaction and our rates are affordable.
Nearly 85 percent* of wildland fires in the United States are caused by humans. Human-caused fires result from campfires left unattended, the burning of debris, equipment use and malfunctions, negligently discarded cigarettes, and intentional acts of arson.
Human Population Growth and Environmental ImpactsBilhami
Academic life comes with various challenges. However, you do not have to get stressed with challenges related with completing assignments. We are available 24/7 to help you complete outstanding assignments within your deadlines. You have a guarantee of 100% customer satisfaction and our rates are affordable.
Nearly 85 percent* of wildland fires in the United States are caused by humans. Human-caused fires result from campfires left unattended, the burning of debris, equipment use and malfunctions, negligently discarded cigarettes, and intentional acts of arson.
TOURISM GROWTH AND WASTE DISPOSAL GENERATION: AN IPAT-TYPE MODELItalo Villanueva
PRESENTATION ON THE V AERNA CONFERENCE - FARO, PORTUGAL (2012).
A BRIEF PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE PAPER "TOURISM AND WASTE DISPOSAL GENERATION: AN IPAT-TYPE MODEL FOR MALLORCA BASED ON STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS"
Governments & Economists - Dealing with population growthAnna Osmanay
The presentation provides information regarding the problem of the world population growth, it compares the population of developed and underdeveloped countries and it provides recommendations and solutions.
Intersections between Poverty, Environment and Inclusive Growth: A Global Per...UNDP Policy Centre
Presentation by Ms. Leisa Perch from the International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG) at the II National Development Conference (CODE/IPEA). This presentation is based on largely on IPC-IG's Poverty in Focus magazine #23 and speaks to four key areas/messages: (i) Intersections of environmental risk and poverty and social risk and the environment are fundamental to the inclusiveness of growth; (ii) Both structural and situational in nature, they require solutions that focus on both participation and benefit-sharing; (iii)
Relevant policy innovations exist and need to be up-scaled; (iv) A focus on the quality of growth will be key in sustaining progress.
DEVELOPMENT VS ENVIRONMENT IN GEOGRAPHICAL FRAMEWORKProf Ashis Sarkar
Development is a big word and is often related to environmental degradation. But how and why? What should be the way out are the issues in which it is based on.
With the growth of information and communication technologies, it is imperative that countries look at identifying sustainable ICT solutions and services to overcome some of the challenges faced by agriculture.
FAO together with ITU and other partners has been actively promoting the use of sustainable ICTs for agriculture.
http://www.fao.org/in-action/e-agriculture-strategy-guide/en/
Can new technology save us in time? 2. Limits to Growth: Food Crash. Paul H. Carr
The MIT-authored book, "Limits to Growth," projects an economic and food-per-capita collapse. Written in 1972, predictions for the population explosion, water shortages, and non-renewable resource depletion have been accurate to date. Can we afford higher food prices?
GEOGRAPHICAL DIMENSIONS OF ‘DEVELOPMENT – ENVIRONMENT INTERRELATION’Prof Ashis Sarkar
The debate of 'environment vs. development' is seriously global and contemporary. It has its own geographical dimension as development is region-specific and time-specific.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
2. Why Should You Care About
Population Growth
• Human population 7 billion
• Every year 83 million additional
• 9.3 billion by 2050
• Population growth central to environmental
problems and solutions
• Consumption per-capita (Figure 2.1a,b)
• Ecological footprint of U.S. much greater than
India or world average
• Total number of people
• Study of population = demographics
4. What Do You Need to
Know?
Population Growth and Limits to Growth
-Population dynamics
-Exponential growth (Figure 2.2)
-Fixed percentage per unit of time
7. History of Human Population
Growth
Historical J-curve of exponential growth
Human population expanded because of:
- Energy use from coal, oil, and other fuels
- Modern agriculture
- Use of machines and other technologies.
Humans now live in almost all of earth’s climate
zones.
9. Recent Changes in Growth
Rates
- Rate of exponential declining (Figure 2.7)
- Number of babies per woman decreases
10. Distribution of Birth Rates
Birth rates not distributed evenly in world
- 1/80 infants in developed world, 79/80 in less-
developed countries
- Population in less developed world will increase
faster than developed in future
11. Dynamics of Human Population
Growth
Population change = (Births + Immigration) − (Deaths + Emigration)
total fertility rate (TFR)
>2.0, population growths
<2.0 population decreases
TFR not even throughout world
economic factors
social factors
12. Population Growth in the
United States
1900-2012 US population increased from 76 to 315 million
- High birth rates + immigration
- Fertility rates in US lowered, but still increases population
- 1/3 of US increase 2012-2050 due to immigration
Age structure important
- Prereproductive
- Reproductive
- Postreproductive
- US expanding slowly
14. What Are the Problems?
Growing Ecological Footprints
- Nonrenewable can be depleted
- Renewable resources can be degraded or destroyed
- Soil is key slowly-renewable resource that needs to be
maintained
15. The IPAT Model
Impacts of different countries on environment
Three major factors considered:
- Population size (P),
- Affluence (A) or resource consumption per person
- Effects of technologies (T) (destructive or beneficial)
Impact (I) = Population (P) x Affluence (A) x Technology (T)
17. IPAT Results Vary
- Application of technology to IPAT model
can affect environment two ways
- Detrimental through additional
resource use or pollution
- Beneficial through avoiding depletion
of resources and reducing pollution
21. Empowering Women
Economic impact of women often undervalued
- 2/3 of all the hours of work performed every day
- Receive only a tenth of the world’s income
- Own less than 2% of its land.
Potential impact of empowering women on
environment
- Illiterate poor women typically have 5 to 7 children
- Literate poor women have average of 1 or 2 children
- Higher social and economic status reduce birth rates
23. Reducing Poverty
- Reducing poverty can have impacts on environment
- In general reduces birth rate
- Reduces the need to exploit resources
- Should consider increased resource consumption
- Promoting Family Planning
- Key role in lowering birth rates
- Problems continue
- About 42% of all pregnancies in less-developed
countries unplanned
in less-developed countries often not available
25. Example of India’s Programs
India’s Moderate Success in Reducing Population Growth
- First national family planning program (1952)
- Not very successful
- 1952-2012 400 million to 1.2 billion
- Annual growth increase from 5 to 18 million
- Reasons for lack of success varied
- Poor planning
- Bureaucratic inefficiency
- Low status of women
27. China’s One-Child Policy
Rapidly growing population in 1960’s
- Treat of starvation
- Family planning program started
Promotes one-child families
- Government provides
- Contraceptives
- Sterilizations
- Abortions
- For one-child families
- More food
- Free health care
- Salary bonuses
- Preferential jobs for child
Impact dramatic
- 1972-2012
- Total fertility drop 5.7 to 1.5
- Growing middle class
- Still very high population and problems
29. A Look to the Future
Environmental Refugees
Population growth and environmental degradation
can strip resources
- Environmental refugees
- Lack of food
- Sea level rise
- Displacement by war, often over resources
31. What Would You Do?
how can we personally deal with problems caused by population growth
- reduce number of children born
- have fewer children
- adopt rather than have children
- combination
- support slowing population growth.
- direct support by donations to agencies
- encouragement
Reducing personal ecological footprints.
- calculate personal footprint and adjust lifestyle
- driving energy-efficient vehicles and reduce driving
- reduce meat consumption
- insulate home
- energy-efficient appliances
- adjust buying habits
- buy less
- buy items that use less resources
32. What Would You Do?
How can we personally deal with problems caused by population growth?
33. Key terms for Chapter 2 review
• age structure
• carrying capacity
• demographic transition
• ecological tipping point
• environmental refugees
• exponential growth
• family planning
• infant mortality rate
• IPAT model
• less-developed country
• life expectancy
• limiting factors
• migration
• more-developed country
• overconsumption impacts
• overpopulation impacts
• poverty
• total fertility rate (TFR)
Editor's Notes
Figure 2.1 Compare these photos: (a) an American family of four from Pearland, Texas, with their major possessions, and (b)a family of five from the village of Shingkhey, Bhutan with all their possessions.
Figure 2.2 Plotting exponential world population growth on a graph (left) shows that it started out slowly but accelerated rapidly. The graph on the right (with a projection to 2050) shows how the U.S. population has also grown exponentially.
Figure 2.5 The human population has grown exponentially as represented by a J-shaped curve. In 2011, United Nations population experts projected that the population will reach about 9.3 billion by 2050 and may level off at about 10 billion by 2100 with the J-shaped curve changing to an S-shaped curve. (Data from the World Bank and United Nations, 2011; this figure is not to scale)
Figure 2.11 Typical population age-structure diagrams for countries with rapid (1.5–3%), slow (0.3–1.4%), zero (0–0.2%), and negative (declining) population growth rates. (Data from Population Reference Bureau)
Figure 2.16 This simplified representation of the IPAT model compares the environmental impacts of populations in less-developed and more-developed countries. Red arrows of different lengths show varying harmful effects of all three factors; green arrows of different lengths show varying beneficial effects of technology. The arrows are not intended to show precise measurements.
Figure 2.17 This coal-burning industrial plant in India (a) adds large quantities of carbon dioxide, soot, and other pollutants to the atmosphere. By contrast, the use of solar cells and wind turbines to produce electricity (b) has a very low harmful impact.
Figure 2.18 The demographic transition, experienced by many countries that have become industrialized, can take place in four stages.
Figure 2.20 These young girls from a rural village near the Kalahari Desert in the African country of Botswana typically spend two hours a day, two or three times a week, searching for and carrying firewood.
Figure 2.21 Every day, this child searches through an open dump in Manila, the Philippines, to collect items to sell. He and his family live in or near the dump.
Figure 2.23 This is home for this impoverished family in Bihar, India.
Figure 2.25 This mural in Guangzhou, China, promotes the government’s one-child policy.
Figure 2.27 Refugees from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Africa, arriving at a refugee camp in 2008.
a summary table or figure that shows personal strategies for reducing ecological footprints would be a good addition here