The document provides information on key events and developments during the Second Industrial Revolution period in the United States from 1865-1905. It describes the rise of large factories and cities as centers of industrial production. Important figures that emerged during this time include Thomas Edison who invented the light bulb, Andrew Carnegie who dominated the steel industry, and John D. Rockefeller who dominated the oil industry. It also discusses the treatment of Native American tribes like the Navajo, Nez Perce, and aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Second Industrial Revolution period in the United States from 1870-1890, known as the Gilded Age. It describes how railroads drove industrialization and economic growth. New mass production techniques led to factory jobs becoming the primary employment. Inventions like the telephone and light bulb transformed society. Large monopolistic corporations like Standard Oil dominated industries. Working conditions were difficult and dangerous. Large economic inequality grew between the wealthy industrialists and working class. The West was transformed by farming, mining, and conflicts with Native Americans. Politics were corrupt and dominated by Republicans. New social ideologies like Social Darwinism emerged to explain inequality. Labor unrest grew but was suppressed after events like the Haymarket Affair.
The Roaring Twenties began after World War I as society embraced modernity and broke from tradition. New technologies like automobiles, movies, and radio spread popular culture. The US economy boomed due to government policies, consumerism, and mass production. Women gained more freedom through suffrage and the flapper lifestyle, though faced pressure to marry. Jazz music and dance defined nightlife in the era.
- New York City's population and economy exploded after the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, transforming it into the largest industrial city and commercial center in the United States.
- In the late 19th century, Jacob Riis' photographs in "How the Other Half Lives" brought attention to the extreme poverty and poor living conditions in New York City's tenements and slums.
- Between 1870-1914, millions of migrants traveled across the Atlantic to the United States, with New York receiving many immigrants due to its large port, though nativist sentiment grew concerned about the influx of newcomers.
The Roaring Twenties saw a period of economic prosperity in the United States following World War 1. New industries like cars and radio grew thanks to mass production, which made goods more affordable and accessible to common people. However, this rise in consumerism and easy credit led many to take on debts they could not repay, contributing to the Great Depression. Lifestyles also became more modern and focused on leisure, as flappers rejected traditional standards and speakeasies sold illegal liquor despite Prohibition.
The document discusses several key aspects of life in the United States during the 1920s including the booming economy, new technologies like the automobile, and cultural changes like the emergence of jazz music. The economy grew strongly after World War I due to increased industrial production and consumer spending, enabled by the rise of installment plans that let people buy goods on credit. Cars became very popular and transformed American society through new industries, suburbs, and roads. Culturally, the 1920s saw the rise of jazz music and new forms of popular entertainment.
New York City: The Crossroad of World TradeKristi Beria
1) New York City struggled to remain the economic and cultural center of America but was able to capitalize on developments in other cities. The merger of AOL and Time Warner helped keep New York's headquarters and status.
2) Chicago grew rapidly in the late 19th century, pioneering skyscrapers and urban design. The 1893 World's Fair transformed the city's landscape and civic identity.
3) New York's population exploded in the early and mid-19th century due to immigration and the Erie Canal, leading to overcrowding and slum conditions. Tensions rose during economic crises and the Civil War draft.
This document summarizes the settlement of the American West between the 1860s-1890s and the clashes that ensued with Native Americans. It describes how settlers pushed westward due to manifest destiny and incentives like the Homestead Act. The construction of the transcontinental railroad and arrival of settlers led to numerous conflicts with tribes as they resisted losing their lands, such as at the Sand Creek and Wounded Knee massacres. Ultimately the Native Americans were defeated and forced onto reservations as the government sought to assimilate them through policies like the Dawes Act.
The document provides information on key events and developments during the Second Industrial Revolution period in the United States from 1865-1905. It describes the rise of large factories and cities as centers of industrial production. Important figures that emerged during this time include Thomas Edison who invented the light bulb, Andrew Carnegie who dominated the steel industry, and John D. Rockefeller who dominated the oil industry. It also discusses the treatment of Native American tribes like the Navajo, Nez Perce, and aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Second Industrial Revolution period in the United States from 1870-1890, known as the Gilded Age. It describes how railroads drove industrialization and economic growth. New mass production techniques led to factory jobs becoming the primary employment. Inventions like the telephone and light bulb transformed society. Large monopolistic corporations like Standard Oil dominated industries. Working conditions were difficult and dangerous. Large economic inequality grew between the wealthy industrialists and working class. The West was transformed by farming, mining, and conflicts with Native Americans. Politics were corrupt and dominated by Republicans. New social ideologies like Social Darwinism emerged to explain inequality. Labor unrest grew but was suppressed after events like the Haymarket Affair.
The Roaring Twenties began after World War I as society embraced modernity and broke from tradition. New technologies like automobiles, movies, and radio spread popular culture. The US economy boomed due to government policies, consumerism, and mass production. Women gained more freedom through suffrage and the flapper lifestyle, though faced pressure to marry. Jazz music and dance defined nightlife in the era.
- New York City's population and economy exploded after the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, transforming it into the largest industrial city and commercial center in the United States.
- In the late 19th century, Jacob Riis' photographs in "How the Other Half Lives" brought attention to the extreme poverty and poor living conditions in New York City's tenements and slums.
- Between 1870-1914, millions of migrants traveled across the Atlantic to the United States, with New York receiving many immigrants due to its large port, though nativist sentiment grew concerned about the influx of newcomers.
The Roaring Twenties saw a period of economic prosperity in the United States following World War 1. New industries like cars and radio grew thanks to mass production, which made goods more affordable and accessible to common people. However, this rise in consumerism and easy credit led many to take on debts they could not repay, contributing to the Great Depression. Lifestyles also became more modern and focused on leisure, as flappers rejected traditional standards and speakeasies sold illegal liquor despite Prohibition.
The document discusses several key aspects of life in the United States during the 1920s including the booming economy, new technologies like the automobile, and cultural changes like the emergence of jazz music. The economy grew strongly after World War I due to increased industrial production and consumer spending, enabled by the rise of installment plans that let people buy goods on credit. Cars became very popular and transformed American society through new industries, suburbs, and roads. Culturally, the 1920s saw the rise of jazz music and new forms of popular entertainment.
New York City: The Crossroad of World TradeKristi Beria
1) New York City struggled to remain the economic and cultural center of America but was able to capitalize on developments in other cities. The merger of AOL and Time Warner helped keep New York's headquarters and status.
2) Chicago grew rapidly in the late 19th century, pioneering skyscrapers and urban design. The 1893 World's Fair transformed the city's landscape and civic identity.
3) New York's population exploded in the early and mid-19th century due to immigration and the Erie Canal, leading to overcrowding and slum conditions. Tensions rose during economic crises and the Civil War draft.
This document summarizes the settlement of the American West between the 1860s-1890s and the clashes that ensued with Native Americans. It describes how settlers pushed westward due to manifest destiny and incentives like the Homestead Act. The construction of the transcontinental railroad and arrival of settlers led to numerous conflicts with tribes as they resisted losing their lands, such as at the Sand Creek and Wounded Knee massacres. Ultimately the Native Americans were defeated and forced onto reservations as the government sought to assimilate them through policies like the Dawes Act.
1) By 1900, 40% of Americans lived in cities and towns due to urbanization and the exodus of black workers from southern farms to northern cities. Streetcars replaced horse-drawn carriages and allowed cities to grow larger.
2) Andrew Carnegie built his steel empire in Pittsburgh using vertical integration, selling his company to J.P. Morgan for $400 million in 1900.
3) The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911 killed 145 garment workers, mostly young women, and led to increased union membership and stricter safety regulations.
The document discusses the history of New York City from its founding as New Amsterdam by the Dutch in the early 1600s. It covers the city under British rule starting in 1664, its role in the American Revolutionary War, and its growth in the early 1800s aided by the opening of the Erie Canal. The document also describes New York City becoming a cultural center and experiencing massive Irish immigration during the potato famine as well as being the primary port of entry for most European immigrants to the United States throughout the 19th century.
The 1920s in America, also known as the "Roaring Twenties", saw a period of economic prosperity and social change. New technologies like cars, appliances, and radios became widely available to consumers, fueling economic growth. However, prosperity was uneven, with farmers struggling. Socially, the era saw cultural changes like women gaining the right to vote and flappers rebelling against traditional gender roles. The Harlem Renaissance flourished as a period of black artistic achievement. The era ended with the stock market crash of 1929 and the onset of the Great Depression.
Here are two things that most shaped 1920s culture:
1. Automobiles - The widespread availability and adoption of affordable cars like the Model T transformed American society, enabling new freedoms and the growth of suburbs.
2. Jazz music - Emerging from New Orleans and cities of the Great Migration, jazz became immensely popular nationwide in the 1920s. It reflected and influenced social changes through its improvisational and syncopated style.
11.1 culture of the roaring twenties 1920-1929jtoma84
The document discusses various aspects of social, economic, and political life in the United States during the 1920s, including the economic boom following WWI, rise of radical politics, passage of restrictive immigration laws, Prohibition and rise of organized crime, Scopes "Monkey" Trial, growth of consumerism fueled by mass production and advertising, and new technologies emerging during the decade. Fears of communism and xenophobia led to suppression of civil liberties and discrimination against immigrants and political radicals. The period was one of social change, economic growth, and cultural transformation in American society.
During the 1920s in the US, politics were dominated by the presidencies of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. Harding's administration was tainted by scandal, while Coolidge pursued policies of deregulation and tax cuts. Society became more urbanized and consumerist. New technologies like the radio and movies popularized culture on a national scale. However, social changes encountered resistance from those clinging to traditional values, exemplified by the Scopes Trial. The period also saw tensions over immigration, nativism, and racial issues. Disillusioned writers like Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Lewis critiqued and commented on this changing era.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America during the 1920s. Some key points covered include:
- The era was defined by industrial growth, consumer demand, and changes in lifestyle from 1918-1929.
- Urbanization accelerated and more Americans lived in cities, with New York and Chicago seeing large populations.
- Prohibition sparked debate between rural and urban areas and led to the growth of organized crime.
- Women gained new freedoms but still faced discrimination, and birth rates declined with new access to contraception.
- Developments in media, entertainment, arts, and sports captured the nation's attention in the "Roaring Twenties".
The document summarizes the closing of the Western frontier in the United States between 1860-1900. It discusses the many groups that were involved including Native Americans, miners, cattlemen, farmers, railroads, and the U.S. government. It also describes some of the key events like the building of the transcontinental railroad, the cattle drives, conflicts over land use, and battles between the U.S. army and Plains Indians as Native lands were increasingly encroached upon.
APUSH 1870-1900: cities, immigration, and labor unionsja swa
The document summarizes changes in American cities between 1870-1900, including rapid industrialization, immigration, and population growth. Millions of immigrants arrived from Europe during this period, and the urban population increased over 700% as people moved from rural to urban areas. New York, Chicago, and other major cities saw growing overcrowding and poor living conditions in tenement housing and slums. Reformers like Jacob Riis documented these issues to promote social reform.
This document summarizes key groups and events related to the settlement of the American West between 1850-1900. It describes the miners who migrated west during the gold rush and discusses the expansion of the railroad. Native Americans faced declining buffalo populations, conflicts with settlers over land, and forced relocation to reservations. Cowboys worked on ranches during the rise of the cattle industry. Pioneer farmers settled the plains with support from homestead acts but faced challenges of the environment. The document outlines tensions between competing groups and the establishment of policies that shaped the development of the Western frontier.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America during the 1920s. It describes the rapid urbanization and demographic changes of the period. Women gained new freedoms during the 1920s as flappers challenged traditional roles. Prohibition sparked growth in organized crime as gangsters profited from bootlegging. The arts flourished through new media like radio and movies.
The 1920s was a decade of social, political, and economic change in the United States. After World War I and the Russian Revolution, there was a "Red Scare" where fear of communism led to attacks on radicals. The 1920 election saw a return to "normalcy" under Warren Harding. The decade saw rapid economic growth driven by new industries like automobiles, installment buying, and advertising. However, scandals plagued Harding's administration. Socially, Prohibition sparked crime while new freedoms for women and the Harlem Renaissance countered persisting fundamentalism and racism.
This document discusses urbanization and immigration in American cities between 1870-1914. Key points include: millions of immigrants came to the US annually seeking better economic opportunities in cities like New York; immigrants provided a huge source of industrial labor that fueled growth in cities; and immigration slowed during WWI but remained an important factor in urbanization until restriction laws in the 1920s.
The Gilded Age in the United States lasted from around 1870 to 1900. This period saw massive industrial growth and the rise of large corporations due to new inventions and industries like steel, oil, railroads, and electricity. Inventors like Edison, Bell, the Wright Brothers, and others developed many modern technologies. Business leaders and industrialists like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan amassed huge fortunes but often used corrupt business practices that angered farmers and workers. Labor unions formed to fight for better conditions but faced opposition. The period was marked by rapid change, wealth accumulation by some, but also corruption and poor conditions for many workers and farmers.
The Gilded Age refers to the late 1800s, which saw a rise in wealth from industrialization but also growing social problems. Major characteristics included privately owned factories subject to government rules, and the rise of large corporations owned by shareholders. Robber barons like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Vanderbilt amassed huge fortunes and monopolies in industries like oil, steel, and railroads. The period was characterized by laissez-faire policies but also saw tensions between big business, labor unions, and reformers. Inventions like the telephone, light bulb, and film camera transformed society.
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of economic prosperity and mass production in the United States following World War I. New industries like automobiles and radios grew rapidly due to affordable mass production. However, the passage of Prohibition led to the rise of bootleggers and speakeasies, and many Americans took on debt they could not repay, foreshadowing the Great Depression. Politically, the era was dominated by Republican presidents Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. Socially, lifestyles became more urban and focused on leisure, though traditional rural values still held sway for many Americans.
The document discusses the Populist movement in the late 19th century United States. Farmers and laborers formed alliances in response to economic hardship, advocating for policies like bimetallism using both gold and silver as currency. The Populist Party gained control of state legislatures and elected congressmen supporting silver coinage and opposing national banks. Their 1892 platform advocated many reforms. William Jennings Bryan gave famous speeches supporting silver coinage, but William McKinley won the 1896 presidential election, cementing the gold standard. The economic Panic of 1893 worsened conditions for farmers. Henry Littlefield linked the 1900 novel The Wizard of Oz to the Populist movement.
This document discusses the changing labor landscape in the late 19th century United States. It provides information on child labor, labor unions like the Knights of Labor and American Federation of Labor, and notable labor disputes such as the Haymarket Riot, the Homestead Steel Strike, and the Pullman Strike of 1894. Key events and figures in the labor movement are summarized, along with the goals of different unions and tactics used by both management and labor groups in disputes over working conditions and pay.
As more Americans moved to cities in the late 1800s, urban populations swelled, creating new challenges. New technologies like skyscrapers, elevators, and heating systems helped accommodate more residents. Mass transit systems like streetcars and subways also helped reshape cities and allow residents to move to suburbs. However, many workers lived in overcrowded and unsanitary tenement housing. Cities worked to provide services like water, sewers, police and firefighters to address public health and safety issues arising from rapid urban growth.
The document provides an overview of several key people, events, and developments that occurred in the United States during the 1920s. It mentions postwar isolationism, nativism, and fears of communism that led to the Palmer Raids and Sacco and Vanzetti trial. It also discusses social changes like Prohibition, the rise of fundamentalism, Scopes Trial, flappers and new styles for women. Additionally, it outlines technological innovations, the growth of consumerism, and cultural developments like the Harlem Renaissance and works of writers like Fitzgerald and Hemingway that captured the era.
This document provides an overview of major economic and social developments in the United States following the Civil War. It discusses the growth of large corporations and industries like railroads, the rise of organized labor unions in response to working conditions, and social/political conflicts between big business, labor unions, and government. The document also summarizes transformations in the South toward sharecropping and Jim Crow laws, as well as western expansion, conflicts with Native Americans, cattle ranching, and the end of the frontier period.
This document summarizes key events and developments in the late 1800s related to westward expansion, industrialization, and labor movements in the United States. It discusses the near-extinction of the American buffalo population between 1800-1870, notable battles between Native Americans and the U.S. Army, the Homestead Act which gave land to settlers, struggles of life on the Great Plains, and the Populist movement advocating for farmers' rights. It also outlines factors that enabled the Industrial Revolution such as natural resources and immigration, innovations like the Bessemer process and electricity, and infrastructure projects including the transcontinental railroad. Major industrialists like Carnegie and Rockefeller are mentioned as are monopolies, trusts, and the Sherman
1) By 1900, 40% of Americans lived in cities and towns due to urbanization and the exodus of black workers from southern farms to northern cities. Streetcars replaced horse-drawn carriages and allowed cities to grow larger.
2) Andrew Carnegie built his steel empire in Pittsburgh using vertical integration, selling his company to J.P. Morgan for $400 million in 1900.
3) The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911 killed 145 garment workers, mostly young women, and led to increased union membership and stricter safety regulations.
The document discusses the history of New York City from its founding as New Amsterdam by the Dutch in the early 1600s. It covers the city under British rule starting in 1664, its role in the American Revolutionary War, and its growth in the early 1800s aided by the opening of the Erie Canal. The document also describes New York City becoming a cultural center and experiencing massive Irish immigration during the potato famine as well as being the primary port of entry for most European immigrants to the United States throughout the 19th century.
The 1920s in America, also known as the "Roaring Twenties", saw a period of economic prosperity and social change. New technologies like cars, appliances, and radios became widely available to consumers, fueling economic growth. However, prosperity was uneven, with farmers struggling. Socially, the era saw cultural changes like women gaining the right to vote and flappers rebelling against traditional gender roles. The Harlem Renaissance flourished as a period of black artistic achievement. The era ended with the stock market crash of 1929 and the onset of the Great Depression.
Here are two things that most shaped 1920s culture:
1. Automobiles - The widespread availability and adoption of affordable cars like the Model T transformed American society, enabling new freedoms and the growth of suburbs.
2. Jazz music - Emerging from New Orleans and cities of the Great Migration, jazz became immensely popular nationwide in the 1920s. It reflected and influenced social changes through its improvisational and syncopated style.
11.1 culture of the roaring twenties 1920-1929jtoma84
The document discusses various aspects of social, economic, and political life in the United States during the 1920s, including the economic boom following WWI, rise of radical politics, passage of restrictive immigration laws, Prohibition and rise of organized crime, Scopes "Monkey" Trial, growth of consumerism fueled by mass production and advertising, and new technologies emerging during the decade. Fears of communism and xenophobia led to suppression of civil liberties and discrimination against immigrants and political radicals. The period was one of social change, economic growth, and cultural transformation in American society.
During the 1920s in the US, politics were dominated by the presidencies of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. Harding's administration was tainted by scandal, while Coolidge pursued policies of deregulation and tax cuts. Society became more urbanized and consumerist. New technologies like the radio and movies popularized culture on a national scale. However, social changes encountered resistance from those clinging to traditional values, exemplified by the Scopes Trial. The period also saw tensions over immigration, nativism, and racial issues. Disillusioned writers like Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Lewis critiqued and commented on this changing era.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America during the 1920s. Some key points covered include:
- The era was defined by industrial growth, consumer demand, and changes in lifestyle from 1918-1929.
- Urbanization accelerated and more Americans lived in cities, with New York and Chicago seeing large populations.
- Prohibition sparked debate between rural and urban areas and led to the growth of organized crime.
- Women gained new freedoms but still faced discrimination, and birth rates declined with new access to contraception.
- Developments in media, entertainment, arts, and sports captured the nation's attention in the "Roaring Twenties".
The document summarizes the closing of the Western frontier in the United States between 1860-1900. It discusses the many groups that were involved including Native Americans, miners, cattlemen, farmers, railroads, and the U.S. government. It also describes some of the key events like the building of the transcontinental railroad, the cattle drives, conflicts over land use, and battles between the U.S. army and Plains Indians as Native lands were increasingly encroached upon.
APUSH 1870-1900: cities, immigration, and labor unionsja swa
The document summarizes changes in American cities between 1870-1900, including rapid industrialization, immigration, and population growth. Millions of immigrants arrived from Europe during this period, and the urban population increased over 700% as people moved from rural to urban areas. New York, Chicago, and other major cities saw growing overcrowding and poor living conditions in tenement housing and slums. Reformers like Jacob Riis documented these issues to promote social reform.
This document summarizes key groups and events related to the settlement of the American West between 1850-1900. It describes the miners who migrated west during the gold rush and discusses the expansion of the railroad. Native Americans faced declining buffalo populations, conflicts with settlers over land, and forced relocation to reservations. Cowboys worked on ranches during the rise of the cattle industry. Pioneer farmers settled the plains with support from homestead acts but faced challenges of the environment. The document outlines tensions between competing groups and the establishment of policies that shaped the development of the Western frontier.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America during the 1920s. It describes the rapid urbanization and demographic changes of the period. Women gained new freedoms during the 1920s as flappers challenged traditional roles. Prohibition sparked growth in organized crime as gangsters profited from bootlegging. The arts flourished through new media like radio and movies.
The 1920s was a decade of social, political, and economic change in the United States. After World War I and the Russian Revolution, there was a "Red Scare" where fear of communism led to attacks on radicals. The 1920 election saw a return to "normalcy" under Warren Harding. The decade saw rapid economic growth driven by new industries like automobiles, installment buying, and advertising. However, scandals plagued Harding's administration. Socially, Prohibition sparked crime while new freedoms for women and the Harlem Renaissance countered persisting fundamentalism and racism.
This document discusses urbanization and immigration in American cities between 1870-1914. Key points include: millions of immigrants came to the US annually seeking better economic opportunities in cities like New York; immigrants provided a huge source of industrial labor that fueled growth in cities; and immigration slowed during WWI but remained an important factor in urbanization until restriction laws in the 1920s.
The Gilded Age in the United States lasted from around 1870 to 1900. This period saw massive industrial growth and the rise of large corporations due to new inventions and industries like steel, oil, railroads, and electricity. Inventors like Edison, Bell, the Wright Brothers, and others developed many modern technologies. Business leaders and industrialists like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan amassed huge fortunes but often used corrupt business practices that angered farmers and workers. Labor unions formed to fight for better conditions but faced opposition. The period was marked by rapid change, wealth accumulation by some, but also corruption and poor conditions for many workers and farmers.
The Gilded Age refers to the late 1800s, which saw a rise in wealth from industrialization but also growing social problems. Major characteristics included privately owned factories subject to government rules, and the rise of large corporations owned by shareholders. Robber barons like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Vanderbilt amassed huge fortunes and monopolies in industries like oil, steel, and railroads. The period was characterized by laissez-faire policies but also saw tensions between big business, labor unions, and reformers. Inventions like the telephone, light bulb, and film camera transformed society.
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of economic prosperity and mass production in the United States following World War I. New industries like automobiles and radios grew rapidly due to affordable mass production. However, the passage of Prohibition led to the rise of bootleggers and speakeasies, and many Americans took on debt they could not repay, foreshadowing the Great Depression. Politically, the era was dominated by Republican presidents Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. Socially, lifestyles became more urban and focused on leisure, though traditional rural values still held sway for many Americans.
The document discusses the Populist movement in the late 19th century United States. Farmers and laborers formed alliances in response to economic hardship, advocating for policies like bimetallism using both gold and silver as currency. The Populist Party gained control of state legislatures and elected congressmen supporting silver coinage and opposing national banks. Their 1892 platform advocated many reforms. William Jennings Bryan gave famous speeches supporting silver coinage, but William McKinley won the 1896 presidential election, cementing the gold standard. The economic Panic of 1893 worsened conditions for farmers. Henry Littlefield linked the 1900 novel The Wizard of Oz to the Populist movement.
This document discusses the changing labor landscape in the late 19th century United States. It provides information on child labor, labor unions like the Knights of Labor and American Federation of Labor, and notable labor disputes such as the Haymarket Riot, the Homestead Steel Strike, and the Pullman Strike of 1894. Key events and figures in the labor movement are summarized, along with the goals of different unions and tactics used by both management and labor groups in disputes over working conditions and pay.
As more Americans moved to cities in the late 1800s, urban populations swelled, creating new challenges. New technologies like skyscrapers, elevators, and heating systems helped accommodate more residents. Mass transit systems like streetcars and subways also helped reshape cities and allow residents to move to suburbs. However, many workers lived in overcrowded and unsanitary tenement housing. Cities worked to provide services like water, sewers, police and firefighters to address public health and safety issues arising from rapid urban growth.
The document provides an overview of several key people, events, and developments that occurred in the United States during the 1920s. It mentions postwar isolationism, nativism, and fears of communism that led to the Palmer Raids and Sacco and Vanzetti trial. It also discusses social changes like Prohibition, the rise of fundamentalism, Scopes Trial, flappers and new styles for women. Additionally, it outlines technological innovations, the growth of consumerism, and cultural developments like the Harlem Renaissance and works of writers like Fitzgerald and Hemingway that captured the era.
This document provides an overview of major economic and social developments in the United States following the Civil War. It discusses the growth of large corporations and industries like railroads, the rise of organized labor unions in response to working conditions, and social/political conflicts between big business, labor unions, and government. The document also summarizes transformations in the South toward sharecropping and Jim Crow laws, as well as western expansion, conflicts with Native Americans, cattle ranching, and the end of the frontier period.
This document summarizes key events and developments in the late 1800s related to westward expansion, industrialization, and labor movements in the United States. It discusses the near-extinction of the American buffalo population between 1800-1870, notable battles between Native Americans and the U.S. Army, the Homestead Act which gave land to settlers, struggles of life on the Great Plains, and the Populist movement advocating for farmers' rights. It also outlines factors that enabled the Industrial Revolution such as natural resources and immigration, innovations like the Bessemer process and electricity, and infrastructure projects including the transcontinental railroad. Major industrialists like Carnegie and Rockefeller are mentioned as are monopolies, trusts, and the Sherman
The document discusses several topics related to the late 1800s in the United States, including the decline of the buffalo population, battles between Native Americans and the U.S. Army, the Homestead Act, struggles on the Great Plains, the Populist Movement, factors enabling the Industrial Revolution such as natural resources and immigration, important figures like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, monopolies and trusts, and differences between craft unions and industrial unions.
This document summarizes key events, people, policies, and cultural aspects of groups that lived in the American West between 1848 and 1890. It describes the westward expansion fueled by the Gold Rush, conflicts between native Americans and white settlers/government over land and resources, the building of the transcontinental railroad, the cowboy culture that developed after the Civil War, the movement of farmers onto the Great Plains following the Homestead Act, and the decline of native populations and way of life.
Rapid industrialization in the late 19th century led to mass urbanization in the United States. Several key factors drove this trend: improved farm equipment like the steel plow reduced the number of farm jobs; large numbers of European immigrants provided a steady supply of factory labor; and newly freed African Americans migrated north seeking work. This influx of people into cities caused overcrowding, poor sanitation, and increased disease. Political machines also exploited new urban immigrants.
This document provides a timeline of important events and developments in American history from 1865 to 1895. Some key points include:
- The Homestead Act of 1862 gave settlers 160 acres of free western land if they cultivated it for 5 years, with over 600,000 families taking advantage of the offer.
- The Bessemer Process revolutionized steel production in the 1850s by blowing air through molten iron to remove impurities cheaply and efficiently.
- In the late 1800s, political machines gained control of local governments in many large cities, often through corrupt practices like graft and kickbacks.
- Industrialization and immigration led to the growth of cities and problems with crowded and unsanitary housing like
The rapid growth of cities in the late 19th century was caused by several factors: improved farm equipment increased agricultural productivity and reduced the need for farm labor, pushing people to migrate to cities for work; large numbers of immigrants provided a steady supply of urban industrial labor; and after the Civil War, many former slaves migrated north seeking work in cities to escape discrimination in the South. These factors led to overcrowding and other urban problems as cities struggled to accommodate the large influx of new residents.
This document provides a timeline of key events between 1865 and 1895 in the United States. It describes the expansion of the cattle industry in Texas and the drives of cattle to markets, conflicts between Native American tribes and white settlers over land, the gold rush in the Black Hills and its effects, the Ghost Dance movement among Native Americans, and the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890. It also discusses immigration to the US through Ellis Island and Angel Island on the West Coast, the growth of cities and urban poverty, and prominent inventors and innovators like Edison, Bell, and Bessemer during this period.
This document summarizes key events, people, government policies, and cultural characteristics of several groups in the American West in the late 19th century, including Native Americans, cowboys/ranchers, miners, railroad workers/laborers, and farmers. It discusses events like the Sand Creek and Wounded Knee massacres, cultural aspects like the nomadic lifestyle of Native Americans and cowboy traditions, and policies around reservations and land grants that impacted these groups.
This summarizes a document about US history from around 1865-1895. During this period:
- Cities grew rapidly due to industrialization and heavy immigration to urban areas in the Midwest and Northeast.
- The Homestead Act of 1862 offered free land to citizens and intended citizens, attracting over 600,000 families to migrate west.
- Technological advances like the Bessemer Process increased steel production and the Transcontinental Railroad unified the west.
- Political machines, monopolies, and corruption grew, exemplified by Tammany Hall, while farmers organized groups like the Grange for representation.
The document summarizes key events in the American West between 1865-1890. It describes the destruction of the buffalo, conflict between Native Americans and settlers over land, and massacres like Sand Creek and Wounded Knee. It also discusses the cattle industry, homesteading, railroads, agricultural colleges, economic struggles of farmers, the rise of the Populist movement and party, and their platform which called for bimetallism and financial reforms to help farmers.
The document discusses westward expansion in the United States following the Civil War. It describes how the 1862 Homestead Act encouraged settlement by offering citizens parcels of free or low-cost land. The transcontinental railroad network expanded rapidly in the late 1800s, opening up the West to greater development. Cattle ranching became a major industry, with longhorn cattle driven north on trails like the Chisholm Trail to railheads and markets. Conflict increased with Plains Indians as settlers and the army seized more land, culminating in the massacre at Wounded Knee in 1890 that marked the end of the Plains Indian way of life.
The document provides summaries of important events from 1862 to 1899 in the areas of military, legislation, and social/economic developments in the United States. Some key events mentioned include the passage of the Homestead Act in 1862 to encourage western expansion, the Sand Creek Massacre ordered by the US Army in 1864, Andrew Carnegie entering the steel business after 1865, the completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869, the Pullman Strike of 1894 against wage cuts, and the annexation of Hawaii by the US in 1898 which increased Japanese immigration to the West Coast.
1) The document describes the settlement of the American West in the late 19th century, including conflicts between Native tribes and settlers over land use and the destruction of the buffalo.
2) It also discusses the rise of cattle ranching and farming on the Great Plains, the economic struggles of farmers in the 1880s-1890s, and the Populist movement that arose in response to fight railroads and banks.
3) Although the Populist Party collapsed after William Jennings Bryan's 1896 presidential loss, it left a lasting legacy of reforms and a message that organized groups of common people can make their voices heard.
This document provides an overview of several key events and developments in the late 19th century American West and Industrial Revolution era, including:
1) The decimation of the American buffalo population from 15 million in 1800 to just 1,000 in 1870 due to overhunting.
2) Several notable battles between Native Americans and the U.S. Army such as the Sand Creek Massacre and Battle of Little Bighorn.
3) The Homestead Act of 1862 which gave land to settlers but was exploited by land speculators.
4) The rise of populism in response to economic struggles faced by farmers on the Great Plains including debt and high railroad prices.
This document provides an overview of the post-Civil War US economy and the rise of big business. It discusses how technological advances, expanding populations, abundant natural resources, and lack of business regulation fueled economic growth. Major industries like railroads and steel emerged, dominated by large corporations. These "robber barons" often used corrupt practices. Labor unions struggled to improve dangerous working conditions, with mixed success through strikes and organizations like the Knights of Labor and AFL. Social unrest grew as working classes protested the power of big business monopolies through the Gilded Age.
The document summarizes Western expansion in the mid-19th century United States. It discusses key events like the annexation of Texas, Oregon Territory, and Mexican Cession that expanded U.S. territory westward. It also describes cultural clashes as European, Mexican, African American, Chinese, and Native American groups interacted in the expanding West. Ranching, farming, mining, and the transcontinental railroad transformed the economy and society of the Western territories during this period of rapid growth and conflict. Farmers organized cooperatives and the Populist movement in response to economic difficulties in the late 1800s.
During the period from 1877-1920, the United States experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization. Many Americans moved to cities where factories provided jobs, though workers often lived in poor conditions. New technologies like the assembly line boosted industrial output but also led to concerns about labor conditions. As cities grew, they faced issues with housing, infrastructure, and political corruption. In response, reform movements gained momentum through muckraking journalism and efforts to empower workers through organized labor and unions.
The document summarizes the key developments in mining and settlement in the American West between 1850-1900. It describes how the discovery of gold and silver in places like Virginia City led to boomtowns. Technological advances like barbed wire, steel plows and windmills helped enable large-scale farming on the plains. The Homestead Act of 1862 encouraged western expansion by offering settlers land. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 further transformed the region. However, this influx of settlers and depletion of buffalo herds by hunters caused conflicts with Native Americans over land, leading to events like the Battle of Little Bighorn and Wounded Knee Massacre.
This presentation is of the Bharat Ki Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav(An initiative by AWES) Quiz conducted in the official quiz club of Army Public School Danapur - Jigyasa Quiz Club. For more such quizzes follow our blog : http://jigyasaquizclub.blogspot.com .
Our YouTube Channel : https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZyUzURdbwriE2Lgq_9V6VA/videos
Regards
Prateek ( Jigyasa Quiz Club)
Similar to Chapter5 Meaning of Freedom Chapter 16 Gilded aged Chapter 17 &18 (20)
The document discusses plant structures and their functions. It explains that plants are autotrophs that produce their own food through photosynthesis. It describes the aboveground and belowground structures of plants including leaves, stems, flowers, and roots. It also discusses transport tissues, meristems, and plant responses to stimuli like light and touch.
Sexual and asexual reproduction are the two main types of reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form offspring, while asexual reproduction requires only one individual and creates offspring without gamete fusion. Examples of asexual reproduction include budding, where new individuals arise from outgrowths of existing ones. Sexual reproduction can involve external fertilization, where eggs and sperm fuse outside the body, or internal fertilization within the female reproductive tract. Pregnancy in humans involves three trimesters of fetal development, labor and birth in the third trimester, and potential lactation afterwards. Contraception aims to prevent pregnancy through methods that block the release of eggs and sperm, keep them apart,
The document discusses homeostasis and the role of the urinary system in regulating water balance and acid-base balance. It defines key terms like osmoregulation and describes different mechanisms of waste excretion. It then details the structure and function of the nephron, including glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and concentration of urine in regulating solutes and water. Finally, it explains how the kidneys control pH through buffering and excretion of excess acids or bases to maintain acid-base balance.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other materials throughout the body. Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries and returns via veins, with gas exchange occurring in capillaries. There are two main circuits - the pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Contraction of the heart is initiated by the sinoatrial node and spreads through the heart muscle, pumping blood into arteries with each beat.
This document defines key terms and concepts related to animal nutrition and digestion. It discusses the main types of animals based on their diets (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores), essential nutrients including amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. It describes the basic processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination. It provides details on the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract including the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines. It also discusses tissues, organs and organ systems in animals.
This document summarizes several key political and social events and policies from 1989 to 2000, including:
- Welfare reform in the 1990s that imposed stricter limits on cash assistance programs.
- The establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995 to reduce trade barriers between nations.
- The Persian Gulf War in 1990-1991 where a US-led coalition liberated Kuwait from Iraqi invasion.
- Bill Clinton's first term in office from 1993-1996 where he enacted some more progressive social and economic policies compared to previous administrations.
1. Title IX banned gender discrimination in education and prohibited sex-based discrimination in federally funded education programs.
2. Nixon established diplomatic relations with China in 1979, increasing trade between the two countries.
3. Key events of the Nixon and Reagan administrations included the oil crisis, Nixon's pardon for Watergate, the Iranian hostage crisis, the savings and loan crisis, and the Iran-Contra affair.
The document summarizes key political and social events in the United States from 1969-1988, during the rise of conservatism. It describes Nixon's establishment of relations with China, his domestic policies scaling back the Great Society, and his resignation due to the Watergate scandal. It also discusses the Iranian hostage crisis under Carter, Reagan's economic and social policies including Reaganomics, and diplomatic agreements between the US and Soviet Union during the Cold War, including detente policies under Nixon.
The document provides information on several key civil rights and social justice organizations that emerged during the 1960s as well as some of the major events and policies of that transformative decade. It discusses groups like the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) that fought for racial integration and equality through nonviolent protest. Major events covered include the Freedom Rides of 1961, the March on Washington in 1963 where MLK delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech, and the 1965 Selma campaign and subsequent passage of the Voting Rights Act. The document also outlines the rise of more militant groups like the Black Panther Party and key Supreme Court cases like Loving
This document summarizes several key events and developments in the United States between 1953-1960. It discusses the rise of suburban housing developments, the ongoing legal challenges to school segregation led by Thurgood Marshall, President Eisenhower's moderate conservative policies, and the emergence of the Beat generation of writers. It also covers the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 ruling in Brown v. Board of Education that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional, the Montgomery Bus Boycott sparked by Rosa Parks, and the resistance to desegregation efforts that followed including in Little Rock, Arkansas. John F. Kennedy defeated Richard Nixon in the 1960 presidential election campaigning on a platform of support for civil rights and new social programs.
The document summarizes key events and individuals related to the Cold War in the late 1940s and 1950s:
- The Truman Doctrine of 1947 promised US support to countries resisting communism and led to the policy of containment of communism. This aided Greece in defeating communist guerrillas.
- The Marshall Plan (1947-1948) provided US aid to Western Europe to rebuild after WWII and prevent the spread of communism.
- Events like the Berlin Blockade (1948-1949) and formation of NATO (1949) increased tensions between the US and USSR in Europe.
- The Korean War (1950-1953) further escalated Cold War hostilities as US and UN forces fought against North Korea and
Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1932 on a platform of a "New Deal" to address the Great Depression. His administration created numerous relief programs and agencies to provide jobs, stabilize the economy, and reform the financial system, including the Civilian Conservation Corps, Public Works Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Agricultural Adjustment Act, and Social Security Act. The New Deal aimed to provide relief, recovery, and reform across many sectors of the American economy and society.
Safe for Democracy: The United States and World War I, 1916–1920 Heather Powell
The document provides background information on several topics related to World War 1 and the early 20th century United States. It discusses the Monroe Doctrine, Roosevelt Corollary, Panama Canal, pluralism in democracy, Niagara Movement, Woodrow Wilson's presidency and role in WWI, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Allied and Central powers, events like the sinking of the Lusitania, Zimmerman Telegram, Fourteen Points, Vladimir Lenin, Bernard Baruch, 19th Amendment, Prohibition, Espionage Act of 1917, NAACP, Gentleman's Agreement, WEB DuBois, Niagara Movement, Great Migration, UNIA, USSR, Red Scare, and the
The Progressive Era saw calls for reforms to address issues stemming from rapid industrialization, such as political corruption, monopolies, unsafe working conditions, and social problems. Muckrakers like Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, and Lincoln Steffens exposed these issues through investigative journalism. Their work helped spur support for reforms like the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 and 17th Amendment requiring direct election of Senators. Reformers also advocated for women's suffrage, child labor laws, an income tax, and union rights. Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson both pushed agendas for regulation and trust-busting to curb corporate abuses and protect workers and consumers.
The document provides information on several topics from the late 19th century, including:
1) Andrew Carnegie dominated the steel industry in the 1890s through vertical integration and accumulated a fortune of hundreds of millions.
2) The Farmers' Alliance grew to 1.5 million members by 1890 advocating for electoral reforms and economic policies like the sub-treasury plan and free silver coinage.
3) The 1892 Omaha Platform of the Populist Party called for income taxes, government ownership of railroads, and other reforms influenced by the Farmers' Alliance.
What is Freedom? Reconstruction Chapter 15Heather Powell
The document summarizes key events and terms related to the emancipation of slaves and Reconstruction in the United States after the Civil War. It discusses freed slaves relishing their newfound freedom from regulations, the strengthening of black churches and schools, the challenges faced by former slave owners, and the narrow view of black freedom held by most planters. Key terms and events summarized include the Emancipation Proclamation, the Freedmen's Bureau, Andrew Johnson, sharecropping, the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, and the Ku Klux Klan. Radical Republicans pushed for stronger federal protections of black civil rights during Reconstruction.
This document provides an overview of psychological disorders and their treatment. It discusses what constitutes abnormal behavior and outlines several approaches to understanding the etiology of psychological disorders, including the biological, psychological, and sociocultural approaches. It then describes several major categories of psychological disorders like mood disorders, anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, and schizophrenia. For each disorder, it provides details on symptoms, causes, and common treatments. It also discusses different classification systems for psychological disorders and criticisms of these systems.
Social psychology is the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to others. It explores areas like social cognition, person perception, stereotypes, self-fulfilling prophecies, attribution theory, heuristics, attitudes, persuasion, altruism, aggression, conformity, and obedience. Key concepts include the fundamental attribution error, the false consensus effect, cognitive dissonance, and social influence through conformity, obedience, and group dynamics.
This document provides an overview of motivation and emotion. It discusses biological and psychological theories of motivation including instinct theory, drive-reduction theory, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Key topics on emotion include the biology of emotion such as the autonomic nervous system, measuring arousal, and theories of emotion like James-Lange theory and Cannon-Bard theory. Gender differences in the expression and experience of emotions are also summarized.
The document discusses several topics related to human development across the lifespan:
- Development refers to continuity and change in human capabilities from life to death, involving both growth and decline.
- Cross-sectional studies assess people of different ages at a single point in time to note age differences.
- Resilience is the ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times despite encountering adversity.
- Development involves physical, cognitive, and socioemotional processes that change across the lifespan. Prenatal development and infant development are also summarized.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
6. WHO IS GOING TO MAKE THE DECISION?
• UNION
• GOVERNS
• MILITARY
• CONGRESS
• PRESIDENT
• PEOPLE
• SUPREME COURT
7. WHAT DECISION TO MAKE?
• DO CSA STATES GET BACK IN THE U.S. ?
• ARE THEY PUNISHED?
• ARE THE LEADERS PUNISHED?
• WHO BECOMES LEADER OF THE CSA?
• NEW BOUNDARIES?
• WHO GETS TO VOTE?
• WHO HOLD OFFICE:?
• NEW STATE CONSTITUTION
• WHO WRITES THEM?
• WAR DEBT?
• HOW DO YOU RESTART THE SOUTH ECONOMY?
8. RECONSTRUCTION
• 1865-1877
• PERIOD DURING WHICH THE U.S. BEGAN TO REBUILD AFTER THE CIVIL WAR
AND INCLUDED THE PROCESS BY WHICH THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
READMITTED FORMER CONFEDERATE STATES
• MAIN IDEA
• RADICAL REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS OPPOSED ABRAHAM LINCOLN’S AND
ANDREW JOHNSON’S PLANS FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND INSTEAD IMPLEMENTED
ITS OWN PLAN TO REBUILD THE SOUTH AFTER THE CIVIL WAR
9. IDEA OF RECONSTRUCTION
• JULY 1863
• TWO BATTLES
• GETTYSBURG JULY 1, JULY 2, AND JULY 3
• VICKSBURG JULY 4
• VICKSBURG OPENS UP CONTROL OF THE MISSISSIPPI
• ALLOWS NORTH TO CONTROL THE STATS ON BOTH SIDE OF THE RIVER
• THADDEUS STEVEN
• RADICAL REPUBLICAN
• LINCOLN=PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON= VICE PRESIDENT
10. 1864-1865
• 10% PLAN- PEOPLE WHO PLEDGE/PLEDE TO THE UNION
• RADICAL REPUBLICAN: CHARLES SUMMER
• LEE SURRENDER APRIL 9, 1865
• LINCOLN’S DEATH ON THE MORNING OF APRIL 15,1865; CHANGES EVERYTHING
• WADE-DAVIS BILL: 50%
• WAS POCKET VETO
• CONTROL WHO CAN VOTE AND WHO CAN HOLD OFFICE
11. 10% PLAN
• PROCLAMATION OF AMNESTY AND RECONSTRUCTION (DECEMBER 8, 1863)
• REPLACE MAJORITY RULE WITH “LOYAL RULE” IN THE SOUTH.
• HE DIDN’T CONSULT CONGRESS REGARDING RECONSTRUCTION.
• PARDON TO ALL BUT THE HIGHEST RANKING MILITARY AND CIVILIAN
CONFEDERATE OFFICERS.
• WHEN 10% OF THE VOTING POPULATION IN THE 1860 ELECTION HAD TAKEN AN
OATH OF LOYALTY AND ESTABLISHED A GOVERNMENT, IT WOULD BE
RECOGNIZED.
• TENNESSEE, ARKANSAS, AND LOUISIANA FORMED GOVERNMENTS UNDER
THIS PLAN, BUT CONGRESS DID NOT RECOGNIZE. THEIR VOTES DID NOT
COUNT FOR PRESIDENT IN 1864.
12. WADE-DAVIS BILL
• REQUIRED 50% OF THE NUMBER OF 1860 VOTERS TO TAKE AN “IRON CLAD”
OATH OF ALLEGIANCE (SWEARING THEY HAD NEVER VOLUNTARILY AIDED THE
REBELLION). SENATOR
• REQUIRED A STATE CONSTITUTIONAL CONGRESSMAN BENJAMIN CONVENTION
BEFORE THE ELECTION HENRY WADE W. DAVIS (R-OH) OF STATE OFFICIALS.
(R-MD)
• ENACTED SPECIFIC SAFEGUARDS OF FREEDMEN’S LIBERTIES
• “IRON-CLAD” OATH.
• “STATE SUICIDE” THEORY [MA SENATOR CHARLES SUMNER]
13. 1865-1866
• 13TH AMENDMENT PASS AND RATIFIED
• CONGRESSIONAL PLAN FOR RECONSTRUCTION
• LED BY RADICAL REPUBLICANS
• CHARLES SUMMER
• THADDEUS STEVEN
14. THADDEUS STEVEN
• 1792-1868
• REGARDED THE SECEDED STATES AS “CONQUERED PROVINCES,” PROMOTED
MUCH OF THE MAJOR RECONSTRUCTION LEGISLATION
• THE 14TH AMENDMENT RECONSTRUCTION, HE SAID, “MUST REVOLUTIONIZE
SOUTHERN INSTITUTIONS HABITS, AND MANNERS… THE FOUNDATION OF
THEIR INSTITUTIONS,,, MUST BE BROKEN UP AND RELAID OR ALL OUR BLOOD
AND TREASURE HAVE BEEN SPEND IN VAIN.”
15. MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION ACT OF 1867
• LAY OUT PARTS OF THE 14TH AMENDMENT
• STATES HAD TO WRITE A NEW CONSTITUTION
• MAKES THE SOUTH VOTE YES TO RATIFIED THE CONSTITUTION
17. US GRANT
• MARCH 1869 INAUGURATION
• MIX BAG WITH RECONSTRUCTION
• LAW PASS FOR EQUAL RIGHTS BUT NO ENFORCE
• PRESIDENT
• SCANDALS
18. US GRANT SCANDALS
• CREDIT MOBILIZER
• DRINKING PROBLEMS
• MESS UP GOVERNMENT UNDER HIS WATCH
19. IMPEACHMENT AND ULYSSES S. GRANT
• TO DEMONSTRATE HIS DISLIKE FOR THE TENURE OF OFFICE ACT, JOHNSON
REMOVED THE SECRETARY OF WAR FROM OFFICE IN 1868.
• JOHNSON WAS IMPEACHED AND THE SENATE FELL ONE VOTE SHORT FROM
REMOVING HIM FROM OFFICE.
20. ELECTION 1876
• TILDEN VS. HAYES
• HAYES 186 ELECTORAL VOTE
• TILDEN 165 ELECTORAL VOTE
• HAYES WON ELECTION
21. RUTHER B. HAYES
• REPUBLICAN
• GOVERNOR OF OHIO
• HE WAS THE 19TH PRESIDENT
• BORN ON OCT. 1822
• DIED JAM 1893
22. THE TWO EVILS: CHOOSE THE LEAST
TILDEN
HAYES
• DEMOCRATE
• REPUBLICAN
• NEW YORK
• OHIO
• GOT RID OF WILLIAM TWEED
• WON THE ELECTION
23. SPECIAL COMMITTEE:
JUSTICE DAVID
DAVIS
7 DEMOCRATS
•
GETS THE LAST VOTE
•
WAS ELECTED FOR THE
SENATE BY THE STATE
•
THIS THROWS HIM OUT FOR
THE LAST SAY
7 REPUBLICAN
26. COMPRISES OF 1877
• TRADE PRESIDENT ELECTION FOR THE REMOVAL OF THE MILITARY IN THE
SOUTH
27. SHARECROPPING
• LAND OWNERS ALLOWS FREEDMEN TO WORK ON THE LAND FOR A PERCENT
OF THE CROPS
• WENT TO A PERCENTAGE TO A CERATE AMOUNT
• MANY AFRICAN-AMERICANS RENTED LAND FOR A SHARE OR PERCENTAGE OF
THE TOTAL CROP PRODUCED
30. INDUSTRIALIZATION
• FUEL
• FOR THE FACTORS IS STEAM
• RAW MATERIALS
• WORKERS
• MONEY
• AMPUTATION
• ENTREPREURS
• CAPITAL
• TRANSPORTATION
• LAZIER FAIRE
• NEW IDEA
32. THOMAS EDISON
• THOMAS A, EDISON INVENTED THE INCANDESCENT LAMP (OR LIGHT BULB)
WHICH COULD BE USED FOR BOTH STREET AND HOME LIGHTING
• EDISON AND OTHERS DESIGNED IMPROVED GENERATORS AND BUILT LARGE
POWER PLANTS TO FURNISH ELECTRICITY TO WHOLE CITIES
33. TELSA
• WORK WITH WESHINGHOUSE
• WESHINGHOUSE
• AIR BAG FOR TRAINS TO BREAK OUT
41. WILLIAM “BOSS” TWEED
• IN CHARGE OF A POLITICAL MACHINE
• MEET IN TAMMY HALL
• HE MADE MILLION OF DOLLARS AT ON TIME
• TAX PAIDER MONEY WENT INTO THIS SYSTEM
• BECAUSE IMMIGRATION DIDN’T KNOW ABOUT
• DUE TO LANGUAGE BARRIERS
42. WILLIAM M. TWEED
• KNOWN AS BOSS TWEED
• WAS HEAD OF THE TAMMANY HALL, NEW YORK CITY’S POWERFUL
DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL MACHINE
• BETWEEN 1869-1871, HE LED THE TWEED RING OF CORRUPT POLITICIANS IN
DEFRAUDING THE CITY
• CONVICTED OF 120 COUNTS OF FRAUD AND EXTORTION, HE WAS SENTENCED
TO 12 YEARS IN JAIL, BUT RELEASED AFTER ONE. REARRESTED, HE ESCAPED
TO SPAIN
43. THOMAS NAST
• DID POLITICAL CARTOONS
• CARTOONS
• HELP BREAKS THE LANGUAGE BARRIERS
• NAST GAVE US THE MODERN DAY SANTA CLAUS
• NAST BUG THING AT THIS TIME WAS POLITICAL CARTOON
• CORRUPTION OF POLITICS
45. NATIONAL LABOR UNION
• STARTS IN 1866
• JUST WANTED TO IMPROVE WORK CONDITION
• DIES OFF IN 1870S; DUE TO THE DEPRESS
46. KNIGHTS OF LABOR
•
1860
•
GETS STRONGER IN 1870-1886
•
TERRANCE POWERDELLY= RAN THE KNIGHTS OF LABOR
•
FOUNDED IN 1869, THE FIRST NATIONAL UNION LASTED, UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF TERENCE V. POWDERLY, ONLY INTO THE 1890S:
SUPPLANTED BY THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
•
1880S WITNESS A NEW WAVE OF LABOR ORGANIZING
•
KNIGHTS WERE THE FIRST GROUP TO TRY TO ORGANIZE UNSKILLED WORKERS AS WELL AS SKILLED, WOMEN ALONGSIDE MEN, AND BLACKS
AS WELL AS WHITES
•
GROUP REACH ITS PEAK MEMBERSHIP OF 800,000 IN 1886AND INVOLVED MILLIONS WORKERS IN STRIKES, BOYCOTTS, POLITICAL ACTION, AND
EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
•
LABOR MOVEMENT LAUNCHED A SUSTAINED ASSAULT ON THE UNDERSTANDING OF FREEDOM GROUNDED IN SOCIAL DARWINISM AND
LIBERTY OF CONTRACT
•
JULY 4,1886, THE FEDERATED TRADES OF THE PACIFIC COAST REWROTE THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
47. 1886
• KNIGHTS OF LABOR DIES OFF
• HAYMARKET SQUARE RIOT
• CHICAGO
• BIG COMPANY
• MCCORMICK
• WAS A STRIKE AGAINST MCCORMICK
• THEY MEET ON SUNDAY AT HAYMARKET SQUARE
• THEN MONDAY TO PROTEST FOR THE PEOPLE WHO GOT ARREST ON SUNDAY
48. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
• 1886
• SAMUEL GOMPERS IS THE FOUNDER
• HE WANTS SPECIFIC GOAL WITH BARRING
• NUMBER OF HOURS
• HOW MUCH YOU SHOULD MAKE
• BELIEVE STRIKES ARE THE LAST SOLUTION
49. 1892 HOMESTEAD STEEL STRIKE
• ONE OF CARNEGIE STEEL COMPANY
• WORKERS CARNEGIE STEEL COMPANY WORKERS BEING ASK TO TAKE PAY
CUTS
• THEY CLOSED THE MILL
• HAD PINKERTON GUARD TO PROTECT THE FACTORS
• HAD CONFLICT BETWEEN WORKERS AND PINKERTION GUARD
• WORKERS LOSE BECAUSE OF THE GOVERNMENT
• DUE TO PROPERTY DAMAGE
50. 1894
• PULLMAN
• PULLMAN CARS
• CARS YOU CAN SLEEP IN
• AMERICAN RAILWAY UNION
• CREATE BY EUGENE V. DEBS
• HE WANTED EVERYONE TO WORK
52. • GOLD RUSH WAS THE MAJOR EVENT THAT PUSH THE WESTERN EXPANSION
• 1849- CA GOLD RUSH
53. 1859
• COMSTOCK LODE
• LODE
• LARGE AREA OF MINNERS
• SILVER
• VIRGINIA CITY, NV
• GOLD
• ROCKY MOUNTAIN RUSH
•
LARGEST
• BLACK HILLS, SD
•
LAST
54. HOMESTEAD ACT OF 1862
• ALLOWS PEOPLE TO MOVE WESTERN
• FREE LAND
• HAD TO IMPROVE THE LAND
• OCHERS
• FRAMERS RANCHERS
• ETC.
55. FREDRICK JACKSON TURNER
• FRONTIER THESIS
• WHY AMERICAN ARE THE WAY THEY ARE
• OPPURTIONIEST
• HARD WORK
• ANY ONE CAN MAKE IT
• SAFETY VALVE THESIS
• FRONTIER ACT AS A SAFETY VALVE
• SO, WE WON’T BE LIKE EUROPE OUTBREAK
• SUCH, AS RIOTS, PROTEST AND BOYSCOTT
56. ETHNOCENTRISM
• LOOKING AT THE WORLD FROM YOUR POINT OF VIEW OF RIGHT AND WRONG
• WHAT YOU THINK IS NORMAL
• US BEING BIAS FROM THE 20TH CENTURY
• HAPPENS ALL THE TIME
57. IDEA BASE OF ETHNOCENTRISM
• DIVIDE RIGHT
• CHOSEN ONE
• MANIFEST DESTINY
• GOT THE IDEA FROM WESTERN EXPANSION
• OUR HOB TO SPREADS OUR CULTURE
• NEGATIVE: MADE US LOOK CONDESCEND
• POSITIVE: WE HAVE TO SAVE THESE PEOPLE (VIEW FROM THE CHRISTIAN STAND POINT)
58. IMPERIALISM
• WORLD TRADE
• INVESTMENT CAPITAL
• 1870 HAD NOTHING TO DO WITH INVESTMENT IN OVERSEAS
• EUROPEAN EXAMPLE
• WE ARE TRYING TO KEEP UP WITH THEM
• MISSIONARY PRESSURE
• NAVAL PRESSURE
• 1900S WE HAD THE 3RD POWERFUL NAVY
59. HAWAII
• IN NODDLE OF NOWHERE
• GREAT FOR COMMERCIAL SHIPS
• HAS ALONG HISTORY
• KAMEHAMEHA THE GREAT
• HAWAII EXPANDS NORTH AND SOUTH OF KUAU
• NOT JUST THE 7 ISLAND
• CAPTAIN HOOK (ENGLISH MAN) FOUND THE AREA
• 1800S HAWAII IS INDEPENDENT
60. LATIN AMERICAN POLICY
• LOT OF POLICY DEAL WITH RAW MARTIALS
• MONROE DOCTRINE CAME ABOUT
• PAN AMERICAN CONGRESS
• CONGRESS LIKE A BIG MEETING
63. CITY LEVEL
• SPOIL SYSTEMS
• YOU SUPPORT SOMETHING IN POLITICS THEN YOU GAIN SOMETHING
• REWARD FOR YOUR SUPPORT SO YOU GET A JOB (AMERICA VIEW)
• CITY MANAGER
• COMMISSION SYSTEM
• SPECIFIC QUALIFICATION
64. STATE LEVEL
• ROBERT LAFOLLETTE-WISCONICENS
• WOODROW WILSON-NJ
• HIRAM JOHNSON-CA
• THEY DID SET UP DIRECT PRIMARY
• INITIATIVE
• ALLOW CITIZEN TO HAVE A SAY
65. • REFORM
• WHEN VOTERS IMPROVE/DENIN A LAW
• RECALL
• RECALL VARIES FROM STATE TO STATE
66. SPOIL SYSTEM
• 1883 PRENLENTON ACT/ CIVIL SERVICE ACT
• BASE ON MARITTS
• 3 MEN COMMISSION TO OVER SEE
• 1880S WOODROW WILSON
67. • WORKING CONDITIONS FACTORS
• MUCKRAKERS
• JUNGLE
• LIVING CONDITIONS
• JACOB RIIS
69. ANDREW CARNEGIE
•
ANDREW CARNEGIE WAS A MAN WHO ESTABLISH A VERTICALLY
INTEGRATED. THIS CAME ABOUT IN THE YEAR OF 1873. THE VERTICALLY
INTEGRATED CONTROLLED EVERY PHASE OF THE BUSINESS FROM RAW
MATERIALS TO TRANSPORTATION, O MANUFACTURING, AND DISTRIBUTION. HE
MADE HIS NATIONAL STRIDE WITH THE STEEL COMPANY IN PITTSBURG,
PENNSYLVANIA. BY THE 1890S, CARNEGIE HAD DOMINATED THE STEEL
INDUSTRY. IN 1892, THE HOMESTEAD STEEL STRIKE BROKE OUT IN FRONT OF
CARNEGIE’S COMPANY. THEY HIRE THE PINKERTON GUARD TO PROTECT THE
PLANTATION FROM UNDER PAID WORKERS. LATER IN HIS LIFE HE WROTE THE
GOSPEL OF WEALTH. THAT EXPLAINS WHY PEOPLE WITH MONEY CAN SURVIVE
IN THIS WORLD.
70. JACOB RIIS
• IN 1890S, JACOB RIIS PUBLISHED A BOOK. THE BOOK CALLED “HOW THE
OTHER HALF LIVES”. THIS BOOK OFFERED INSIDE ACCOUNT OF THE LIVING
CONDITIONS IN THE URBAN POOR. THERE ARE PICTURES OF THE RUN DOWN
APARTMENTS. DESCRIBING HOW MANY FAMILIES LIVE IN THE ONE INTO ONE
APARTMENT.
71. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES
•
RUTHERFORD B. HAYES WAS URGED TO RUN FOR .GOVERNOR OF OHIO
IN 1867. HE WAS NOMINATES BY THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. HAYES WON THE
ELECTION BY A NARROW MARGIN. WAS SWORN IN A AS GOVERNOR ON
JANUARY 1868. HAYES BECAME ACTIVE IN NATIONAL POLITICS AFTER HE WAS
SWORN IN. DIDN’T HAVE MUCH POWER AS A GOVERNOR BUT, HE DID
APPOINTED JUDGES AND MEMBERS OF BOARDS OF DIRECTORS FOR
COLLEGES. IN THE ELECTION OF 1876, HAYES WAS NOMINEE BY THE
REPUBLICAN PARTY. HE WON THE PRESIDENT ELECTION. BECOMING THE 19TH
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. APRIL OF 1877, HE ORDERED ALL
FEDERAL TROOPS OUT OF THE SOUTH; ENDING THE RECONSTRUCTION
PERIOD.
72. ULYSSES S. GRANT
•
ULYSSES S. GRANT WAS A GENERAL FOR THE NORTH IN THE CIVIL WAR.
WHEN MARCH OF 1869, HE WAS INAUGURATE INTO OFFICE AS THE UNITED
STATES PRESIDENT. GRANT WAS THE 18TH UNITED STATE PRESIDENT. HE HAD
MIX EMOTIONS WHEN IT CAME TO THE RECONSTRUCTION PLAN. THERE WAS A
LAW PASS WHILE HE WAS THE PRESIDENT, CALLED THE EQUAL RIGHT ACT.
THIS WAS NOT ENFORCE DURING HIS TERM. AS THE PRESIDENT HE FACE
MULTIPLY SCANDALS ISSUE. THE CREDIT MOBILIZER WAS BEING RUN UNDER
HIS NOISE. GRANT HAD A DRINKING PROBLEM WHILE HE WAS IN OFFICE.
EVERYONE THAT WAS IN HIS POLITICAL PARTY GROUP WHERE CALLED
“WHISKEY RING”.
73. WILLIAM “BOSS” TWEED
• WILLIAM TWEED IS KNOWN AS “BOSS TWEED”. HE IS ONE OF THE MOST
POWERFUL POLITICAL BOSSES IN THE GILDED PERIOD. BECAME THE HEAD OF
TAMMANY HALL, NEW YORK CITY. TWEED SWINDLED NEW YORK OUT A
FORTUNE, WHEN HE HEADED OF TAMMANY HALL IN 1860 THROUGH 1870.
WHERE ALL THE MONEY CORRUPTION HAPPENS AT. HE HAD A GROUP OF
PEOPLE CALLED THE “TWEED RING”. THEY HELP HIM GAIN SO MUCH MONEY
FOR THE GOVERNMENT. THOMAS NAST, WAS THE PERSON WHO BROUGHT
DOWN WILLIAM TWEED.
74. KNIGHTS OF LABOR
• THE KNIGHTS OF LABOR WAS FOUNDED IN 1869. UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF
TERENCE V. POWDERLY. THIS WAS THE FIRST GROUP TO ORGANIZE
UNSKILLED WORKERS AS WELL AS SKILLED TOGETHER. PLUS, TO ORGANIZE
MEN AND WOMEN WORKING TOGETHER. BETWEEN THE YEARS OF 1870S
THREW 1886 IS WHERE THE K NIGHT OF LABOR HAD THE HIGHEST OF NUMBER
OF MEMBERS. THE LABOR MOVEMENT LAUNCHED A SUSTAIN ASSAULT ON THE
UNDERSTANDING OF FREEDOM IN SOCIAL DARWINISM AND THE LIBERTY OF
CONTRACT. THEIR BIG BREAK THREW WAS IN JULY OF 1886, WHEN THE
FEDERATED TRADES OF THE PACIFIC COAST REWROTE THE DECLARATION OF
INDEPENDENCE.