Chapter 11
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Verbal communication can vary among different age groups, genders, and social circles. As people age, physical changes can make communication more difficult. Males and females also tend to use language differently, with males focusing more on exerting control and status while females seek to create relationships. Groups develop their own specialized vocabularies like slang, jargon, and cant that are only understood among members and help reinforce their identities. Examples include youth slang terms, criminal lingo in the mafia, and professional jargon.
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This document provides information about speech and language impairments. It defines speech and language impairments according to IDEA and discusses the differences between speech and language. It outlines common problem areas for speech such as articulation, voice, and fluency. It also outlines common problem areas for language including receptive and expressive language. The document then provides a case study example of a child with an articulation disorder and discusses various types of speech and language disorders and strategies for working with students who have them.
communicative styles.pdf
This document discusses different communicative styles. It identifies seven main styles: formal, casual, consultative, aggressive, passive, frozen, and intimate. Each style is defined, with examples of when and how each is used. Formal style is used for professional communication that follows established rules. Casual style is used for personal conversations with friends and family. Consultative style is used for group discussions and involves spontaneous conversation. Aggressive style expresses hostility, while passive style avoids expressing needs. Frozen and intimate styles are the most formal and informal respectively. Good communication skills involve selecting the appropriate style for different contexts and situations.
Together
This document summarizes several theories about gender differences in communication styles. Robin Lakoff's theory proposed that women's language features include hedges, tag questions, rising intonation, and avoidance of strong language. Dominance theory from the 1970s suggested that in mixed-sex conversations, men interrupt more than women. Later researchers like O'Barr and Atkins found that language differences depend more on situational power than gender. Pamela Fishman argued interruptions result from how men respond to women's questions rather than inherent personality weaknesses. Deborah Tannen's difference model viewed gender communication as like different dialects due to different socialization experiences.
Chapter 5 Part 2 Cst110
The document summarizes key aspects of verbal communication and language use, including:
1) Language is influenced by one's environment and culture, and different contexts have different expected rituals and rules of communication.
2) Language appropriateness depends on avoiding insults, swearing, aggression, and using euphemisms or doublespeak instead.
3) Most careers and groups have specialized jargon, and language and style change based on one's roles, experiences, and group memberships.
4) Gender differences exist in speaking styles aimed at intimacy versus status, and powerful language is persuasive by avoiding weakeners and getting to the point.
Pragmatic Development
This document discusses pragmatic development and communicative competence, focusing on speech acts such as requests, the importance of context, and how children can improve their communication skills. It covers topics like linguistic vs. communicative competence, indirect vs. direct requests, the role of status and culture in language use, challenges preschoolers face, and strategies like modeling and reinforcement to help children communicate more effectively.
Miscommunication between men and woman
The document discusses reasons for miscommunication between men and women in communication. It introduces the concepts of "genderlect" which refers to gender-specific language differences that develop from a young age. Boys and girls learn to communicate differently from same-sex peers. The document also contrasts "report talk" used by men to establish status versus "rapport talk" used by women to form connections. Overall, the document analyzes how innate biological and learned behavioral differences between men and women can lead to miscommunication if these differences are not understood.
The power of language
This is a power point Project showing the amazing "powers of language". Without language, how could we communicate?, without language what would our personality look like? therefore it is important to realize that language is actually a gift given to us by GOD, and we should be grateful for this amazing gift!!!
Enjoy the power point project!!!
Week7GAD-1.pptx
This document discusses gender and language. It addresses how language can promote or reduce gender bias and stereotypes. Specifically, it discusses how certain terms, phrases, and linguistic conventions can exclude, trivialize, or marginalize people based on their gender. It provides examples of sexist language and offers alternatives to promote gender-inclusive communication. The document suggests avoiding terms that call unnecessary attention to gender, using parallel constructions for men and women, eliminating gendered job titles, and addressing other linguistic issues that can perpetuate gender inequalities.
Ditch your verbal crutch for clearer communication
The document discusses verbal crutches like fillers, hedges and qualifiers that people use when speaking to hold thoughts or fill pauses but don't add meaning. It provides tips from experts on how to identify and eliminate unnecessary words to communicate more clearly, including recording yourself, pausing instead of filling silence, and getting feedback from others. Young people especially rely on verbal crutches, but can learn to vary their speech depending on the context and audience. Developing strong articulation, inflection, and vocabulary allows people to express themselves powerfully without extra words weakening the message.
Communication and gender[1]
This is a group work that was done by students studying Ethics at Strathmore University, School of Accountancy. Visit the class blog- http://ethics-talk.bogspot.com. for more details.
Assignment Contenthttpswww.ted.comtalksamy_cuddy_your.docx
Assignment Content
https://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_shapes_who_you_are
View the provided
video
and think back to a busy social area such as; train station, JAG café, restaurant, or classroom and recall your observations of the people who were engaged in communication. Write down as many nonverbal codes as you can identify; be sure to
explain
the code with a
specific example
.
In an essay of at least THREE paragraphs (at least 5 sentences per paragraph) evaluate what the nonverbal codes tell you about the individuals, their relationship, context, culture, and communication events.
Requirements:
Times New Roman Font, 12 points
Double Spaced
Here is the Chapter 4 of Non-verbal
Nonverbal communication is all the ways people transmit messages through means other than words. What you “physically” say with your words
and
what you “symbolically” say without words work together to create meaning. So when you talk to your next door neighbor or the person sitting next to you on the bus and smile, move closer to, shake hands, or roll your eyes influences how he or she interprets your message.
Like language, nonverbal communication is also related to culture and gender. The meaning of any nonverbal behavior is defined by the cultures of the speaker and receiver. Miscommunication can occur when nonverbal gestures are misunderstood or have another meaning in a different culture. (See video on hand gestures)
Nonverbal communication conveys cultural meanings of gender. Men and women use nonverbal communication to express themselves as gendered. Functions of nonverbal communication include supplementing spoken language, regulating interaction, and conveying relationship level meaning. Nonverbal communication may supplement verbal communication by: repeating words, contradicting a verbal message, complementing verbal statements, replacing language, accenting verbal message by emphasizing certain words. Nonverbal cues may also regulate interaction through behaviors like eye contact and body posture. Women tend to use cues to invite and encourage others into conversations. Men tend to use more cues to maintain attention and discourage others from speaking.
Nonverbal communication also is the primary conveyance of relationship levels of meaning. Three primary dimensions of relationship level meaning are responsiveness liking and power. Responsiveness conveys interest in the interaction involvement with others. Nonverbal cues indicating responsiveness include nonverbal cues like inflection, eye contact and open body posture. A lack of responsiveness may be indicated through behaviors like looking around, turning away or yawning. Females tend to use nonverbal behaviors to indicate involvement with others and signal empathy. Women also tend to be more overtly expressive of emotions and smile more. Feminine speech communities teach responsiveness to create affiliation. Liking is the nonverbal relationship level meani.
Barriers in Communication
The document discusses the various barriers that can hinder effective communication. It identifies 7 main categories of barriers: physical, cultural, language, perceptual, interpersonal, gender, and emotional. Within each category, it provides examples of specific barriers such as environment, distance, jargon, generational differences, dialects, desire to participate, anger, and anxiety. Overcoming these barriers requires an open exchange between both parties in a communication.
Perceptions of Gender Language Use
This document discusses research on perceived differences in how men and women communicate. It presents two opposing hypotheses: 1) that differences are biological in nature, versus 2) that they are sociologically learned. Evidence from studies is provided, such as that men prefer to hold the floor without interruption in conversations, while women tend to cooperate and finish each other's sentences. However, one study cited found that these styles are socialized in children around age three. The document does not come to a clear conclusion on whether nature or nurture has a greater influence on gender differences in communication style.
Language Basice
This document discusses the nature and power of language. It covers topics such as:
- Language is a uniquely human skill that uses symbols to communicate meaning.
- Words can influence perceptions and relationships through naming, persuading, and expressing intimacy or comfort.
- Language can also be abused through humor, profanity, defamation, and hate speech if not used carefully.
- Some ways to improve language include considering your intended effect, separating facts from opinions, speaking appropriately, and owning one's thoughts and feelings.
Lexical enrichment and lang development.pptx
This document discusses strategies for building vocabulary. It explains that communication relies on vocabulary and effective vocabulary enhances personal and professional lives. There are several lexical terms associated with language such as vocabulary, dictionary, thesaurus, lexicon, and glossary. A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language and usually grows with age, serving as an important tool for communication. The document then provides ways to build vocabulary, including learning roots and prefixes/suffixes to determine word meanings, being actively receptive to new words, and using words frequently.
Your underlying message is showing...
This document outlines an upcoming communication workshop. It will cover communication basics, how words are powerful yet often misused, and ways to manage communication "slips". The workshop will examine factors like gender differences in language use and nonverbal communication. It will suggest being mindful of promises, apologies and politeness in speech. Attendees will discuss examining their own word choices and commitments to more effective communication.
Chapter 6 Language & Critical Thinking
This document discusses how language impacts critical thinking in four key areas:
1) Word choice - the words we use can affect how people react to arguments and allow us to indirectly express feelings.
2) Ambiguity - ambiguous language can cause confusion and lead to overgeneralization or bypassing important details.
3) Definition - clearly defining terms gets people on the same page to avoid confusion. Definitions can be denotative or connotative.
4) Intensity - language with a high intensity level through negative words or abuse can demonstrate poor critical thinking.
Comm. ch 7 (1)
1. The document discusses verbal and nonverbal communication barriers that can occur in small groups, such as bypassing, allness statements, and fact-inference confusion.
2. It also examines different conversational styles (rapport talk vs report talk) and listening styles (people-oriented, action-oriented, content-oriented, time-oriented) that can impact group dynamics.
3. Nonverbal communication such as body language, eye contact, seating arrangements, and appearance also convey important messages in groups and influence factors like perceived leadership and persuasiveness. Interpreting nonverbal cues requires considering context, cultural differences, and past experiences.
Similar to Chapter 11 (20)
Ditch your verbal crutch for clearer communication
Ditch your verbal crutch for clearer communication
Assignment Contenthttpswww.ted.comtalksamy_cuddy_your.docx
Assignment Contenthttpswww.ted.comtalksamy_cuddy_your.docx
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This document discusses stages of culture shock and adaptation, including the adaptation stage where one starts to identify with the new culture, and the reentry stage of returning home and experiencing reverse culture shock. It also discusses theories of acculturation such as assimilation, where immigrants adopt the dominant culture, and cultural pluralism, where cultural groups maintain their distinct identities. The process of acculturation involves adjusting behaviors and developing a sense of belonging and competence in the new culture over time.
Chapter 13 Part 1 Cst229
Culture shock refers to the physical and emotional discomfort experienced when adjusting to a new environment due to the loss of familiar social and physical cues. There are several stages of culture shock, beginning with anticipation before traveling, followed by a blur of emotions upon arrival. As the traveler begins living in the new culture by finding food and work or school, problems surface due to an inability to communicate as in their home culture, leading to a shock stage of hostility toward the new country and its members.
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This document discusses types and functions of nonverbal communication and how their meanings can vary across cultures. It describes different types of nonverbal behaviors like kinesics, proxemics, and artifacts. Key points are that nonverbals are culturally learned, may contradict or emphasize spoken words, and can convey emotions and immediacy between people. Nonverbal signals do not always carry the same meanings across cultures.
Chapter 12 Part 3 Cst229
Physical touch ranges from functional to intimate depending on cultural norms. In the US, friendly and polite touching is usually acceptable but intimate contact requires consent. Paralanguage includes vocal tones and qualities like laughter which can have different meanings cross-culturally. Proxemics examines people's use of space which communicates approachability and is influenced by demographics and culture, with closer distances generally indicating easier communication. How cultures approach time and environments also varies as some prefer focusing on one task at a time while others can handle multiple activities simultaneously.
Chapter 9 Part 2 Cst229
This document discusses social stratification and intercultural conflict. It notes that cultures view social hierarchies differently, with East Asian cultures generally observing strict hierarchies and Western cultures promoting more equality. Conflict arises due to divergent cultural groups dealing with incompatible goals and resources, and conflict styles differ among cultures. The document defines conflict and outlines that conflicts typically have underlying reasons and can be managed by prolonging them or resolved by ending disputes to the satisfaction of all parties.
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This document provides an overview of key social institutions including the family, religion, and political systems. It defines different types of family structures such as nuclear, extended, monogamous, polygamous, and matriarchal or patriarchal families. Religions are described as unifying belief systems that can be primitive, modern, monotheistic, polytheistic, or abstract. Political systems are categorized as authoritarian, totalitarian, or democratic with democracies being rare globally. Power is defined as the ability to determine behavior and get resources, which can come through influence, coercion, or legitimate authority.
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Chapter 7 Part 2 Cst229
The document outlines a five-phase model for the expression of prejudice, including antilocution (prejudiced talk), avoidance, discrimination, physical attack, and extermination. It then discusses some common causes of prejudice like genetics, social controls, media influence, personality traits, and economic conditions. Finally, it analyzes functions of prejudiced communication such as cognitive restrictions, ego protection, group enhancement, and impression management.
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Beliefs and worldviews shape our attitudes. We form attitudes through socialization, experience, and personality. Attitudes have a direction (favorable or unfavorable), degree (how strong the feeling is), and endurance (how long the attitude has been held). Attitudes can change over time in response to new experiences or convincing arguments.
Chapter 6 Part 2 Cst229
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Chapter 4 Part 1 Cst229
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Chapter 2 Cst229
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Coach Domenico Tedesco has managed a tactical shakeup and a regular exit for some of the oldest players. Experienced bests remain, not least the 37-year-old Jan Vertonghen in defense, the 32-year-old De Bruyne himself in midfield, and 31-year-old Romelu Lukaku up visible.
Still, younger actors like De Bruyne’s Manchester City partner Jeremy Doku bring fresh vitality to the team. Euro Cup Germany Qualifying unbeaten with just four goals allowed from eight games was a welcome sign of accomplishment back on track under Tedesco.
The only other squad in Group E besides Belgium to UEFA Euro 2024 qualify unbeaten, Romania was awestruck by winning a group that also checked Switzerland and Israel. Still, Euro 2024 will test a squad sorely lacking in top-level skill.
Euro 2024: Belgium's Transition from Golden Generation to New Hope
Tottenham guardian Vlad Dragusin is the only Euro Cup 2024 squad member singing regularly for one of Europe’s top clubs this flavor. He even played only nine Premier League games since adoption in January. Goalkeeper Horatiu Moldovan is a stoppage at Atletico Madrid.
There’s a link to the beauty days of Romanian soccer with midfielder Ianis Hagi, son of Gheorghe Hagi, who assisted the team to the rounds of the 1994 World Cup and Euro 2000.
We are only a combine of days away from the UEFA Euro 2024 curtain raiser. The 24 squads are winding up their provisions and getting ready to give it their all to life the wanted Euro Cup Final trophy on July 14. Spread across six clusters, the first hurdle in the knockout phase will be the plump of 16.
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Germany and Scotland will take things off before we get into overdrive in two weeks. Meanwhile, Belgium will be longing to bounce back after a horrendous 2022 FIFA World Cup movement, which ended in the group stage.
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Roberto Martinez completed the way for Domenico Tedesco, who has overseen a compact start to his tenure. The 38-year-old will be assured heading into the group stage
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