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- 2. Living vs. Not living?Living vs. Not living? • List 6 things that are LIVING • List 6 things that are NOT LIVING • Describe why you chose what you chose • Be ready to discuss your answers with the class!
- 3. Living Things Have CellsCells • A cell is a membrane-covered structure that contains all the materials necessary for life. • Some life forms are made of trillions of cells (multicelllular); some are made of only one cell (unicellular). Each dog is made up of trillions of cells. Each paramecium is only one cell.
- 4. Living Things Sense & Respond toSense & Respond to ChangeChange • Organisms change in response to a stimulus. • A stimulus can be light, sound, gravity, chemicals, hunger, etc. Pupils change size in response to light. Plants grow toward a light source.
- 5. Living Things Sense & Respond toSense & Respond to ChangeChange • Homeostasis - The maintenance of a stable internal environment. This ne e ds to happe n e ve n whe n e xte rnal co nditio ns chang e dram atically. Stomata cells in a leaf enable Gases to enter and leave. Humans sweat to maintain a stable body temperature.
- 6. Living Things ReproduceReproduce • Organisms make other organisms similar to themselves. Sexual reproduction – Two parents produce offspring that share characteristics of both parents. Asexual reproduction – A single parent produces offspring identical to the parent. A liverwort reproducing asexually.
- 7. Binary Fission: Parent cell splits into two. Fragmentation: Parent breaks into fragments, which develops into a new organism. Budding: Bud stays attached to the parent until fully developed, then breaks away into a new organism Types of Asexual Reproduction
- 9. Living Things Have DNADNA • The cells of all living things contain the molecule DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). • DNA controls the structure and function of cells. DNA is passed from parent to offspring. This is called heredity. A model of DNA.
- 10. Living Things Use EnergyUse Energy • Metabolism is the combination of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism to break down or build up materials. • Plants use energy to make food and use the food they make. • They are producers or autotrophs. • Animals use energy to break down food, move, and build cells. • They are consumers or Heterotrophs.
- 11. Living Things Grow and DevelopGrow and Develop Wood frog Oak tree • Regardless of their original size, all organisms get larger during their lives.
- 12. Ecology-Ecology- study of relationsstudy of relations and interaction of organismsand interaction of organisms and environmentand environment
- 14. single organism organisms of same species 2 ormore populations all biotic and abiotic factors in a given area Area where ALL life exists!
- 17. USE THE MAP ON THE FOLLOWING PAGE TO FILL OUT THE WORLD BIOMES FROM THE NORTH POLE DOWN TO THE EQUATOR
- 20. In a pond ecosystem.. List the biotic and abiotic factors
- 22. Food WebFood Web
- 31. Taxonomy is a synonym for classification.
- 32. Domain Bacteria -All bacteria -Prokaryotes (single cell; no nucleus) -Asexual reproduction (binary fission) -LIVE ANYWHERE!! Salmonella Food poisoning Borrelia burgdorferi Lyme Disease Bordetella pertussis Whooping Cough
- 33. Domain Archaea -Prokaryotes (single cell; no nucleus) -Different from bacteria- cell wall & genetics -Live in HARSHenvironments M. Smithii human gut M. jannaschii smokers deep in ocean Halobacteriales salty environments
- 34. Domain Eukarya -Eukaryotes (most all multi cellular; nucleus) -Membrane bound organelles -More complex and larger
- 35. KingdomQualifiers 1.# of cells 2.Cell parts 3.How they obtain food
- 36. Eukarya Kingdoms
- 37. Protista • Single or multicellular • Some have cell walls • Some have chloroplast • Autotrophs and heterotrophs • Slime molds or algae
- 38. Plantae • Multicellular • Cell walls • Almost all have chloroplast • Mainly autotrophs (photosynthesis); some can use other energy sources
- 39. Fungi • Single or Multicellular • Cell walls • NO chloroplasts • Heterotrophs (decomposers)
- 40. • Multicellular • NO cell walls • NO chloroplasts • Heterotroph s Animalia
- 42. What’s in a Name??? • Rather than have a name that is 8 words long a two part scientific naming system was adopted that used the genus and species. Carolus Linnaeus • Naming Rules 1. Genus first and ALWAYS capitalized 2. Species 2nd not capitalized 3. always written in italics • EX: Mountain Lion –Genus= Pum a –Species= co nco lo r •
- 46. Writing a key….. 1. List all the different characteristics of the items in the group. 2. With each description try to identify an individual item or divide the group into two smaller groups 3. If the choice does not end in an item identification direct the reader with a “Go to step __”
- 50. Natural SelectionNatural Selection •Evolution- populations change over time •Trait- inherited characteristic •Artificial Selection- forced a trait to be inherited •Natural Selection: organisms with advantageous traits reproduce more successfully •Genetic Diversity= adapted to environment
- 51. TableTable 11
- 53. Natural Selection~Natural Selection~ DoL9DoL9 •Overproduction: more offspring!!! Some will not survive •Genetic Variation: More diversity = more change that some traits will be advantageous! •Selection: More advantageous traits give “boost” to survival •Adaptation: Traits that help survive in environments overtime. Help population bettersurvive!!