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Chapter 1 - Lesson 2
Streams and Rivers, Lakes
Chapter 1
The Earth’s Bodies of Water
• Water covers more than 70% of the Earth
• Water is in the ground and in the air we
breathe
• People, Plants, and Animals all need water
to live
Streams and Rivers page 26
Weathering - is the process of breaking up rocks
into smaller pieces called sediment
• Streams are bodies of water that flow over land in a
channel
• Most streams begin on high ground, among hills or
mountains
• The sources of a stream usually consist of melting
snow/ice or an overflowing lake
• At the end of a stream is the mouth which empties into
another body of water
Streams and Rivers
• Streams can be as small as a shallow brook
• Or as large as a river, the largest and most
important streams
• Most rivers form from many smaller streams
coming together, these are called tributaries
Streams and Rivers
Tributaries – are streams or rivers that flow into
a larger stream or river
• The more tributaries that empty into a river
the larger the river grows
• Together the river and its tributaries are
called a river system
Streams and Rivers
River System – a river and all of its tributaries
• Each continent, except Antarctica, has major rivers and
river systems.
• Africa has the Nile, Asia has the Yangtze, Australia has
the Murray, Europe has the Danube, North America has
the Mississippi, and South America has the Amazon
Streams and Rivers
• The Nile is the Earth’s longest river, it flows from Central
Africa to the Mediterranean Sea
• The Amazon is the Earth’s largest river, carrying more
water than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined
• River Systems carry or drain water away from the land
around them (drainage basin)
• Rivers are important for many reasons including
drinking, cleaning, travel and trade
Streams and Rivers, Lakes
Drainage Basin – Land drained by a river system
Streams and Rivers
Drainage Basin
• Why did many of the world’s first settlements
form along rivers?
(pg.27)
• Lakes are bodies of water surrounded by land
• The word lake comes from the Greek language meaning
hole because most lakes are holes in the Earth that fill with
water
• Lakes exist on every continent except Antartica
• The greatest amount of lakes exist where there was once
many glaciers such as North America and northern Europe
Lakes
• During the last Ice Age, glaciers gouged huge holes in the
Earth and the holes filled with the water from the melted
glaciers
• Lakes also form where rainwater collects in huge holes
made in other ways
• Crater Lake in Oregon was formed in a crater of an extinct
volcano
Lakes
• Lake Baikal in Russia is the deepest lake on Earth measuring
5,315 feet deep it was formed in a huge crack in the Earth’s
crust called a rift
Lakes
Rift – a long and deep crack in the Earth
• North America has the most lakes out of all of the
continents
• The largest of the North American lakes are the Great Lakes
• One fifth of all of the fresh water on the Earth’s surface is
found in the Great Lakes
Lakes
H – Huron
O – Ontario
M – Michigan
E – Erie
S – Superior
• There are some large bodies of water called seas
that are actually lakes
• The difference is that they are not fresh water, but
salt water and that is why they are called seas
instead of lakes
• The Dead Sea, Sea of Galilee, and the Caspian Sea
are lakes
• The lowest lying lake is the Dead Sea between
Israel and Jordan
• The highest lake is Lake Titicaca in South America
Lakes
Lakes
The Dead Sea
Lakes
Lake
Titicaca
• Not all lakes are made by nature
• Some are man-made and are called resevoirs
• People build dams to control river flooding or to generate
electricity
Lakes
Reservoir – a lake that forms behind a human made dam
Terms to Know
• Reservoir
• Rift
• Drainage basin
• River system
• Tributaries
• How did Ice Age glaciers form lakes in
North America and Europe? (pg. 28)

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Chapter 1 Lesson 2 A Streams Rivers Lakes.ppt

  • 1. Chapter 1 - Lesson 2 Streams and Rivers, Lakes Chapter 1 The Earth’s Bodies of Water
  • 2. • Water covers more than 70% of the Earth • Water is in the ground and in the air we breathe • People, Plants, and Animals all need water to live Streams and Rivers page 26 Weathering - is the process of breaking up rocks into smaller pieces called sediment
  • 3. • Streams are bodies of water that flow over land in a channel • Most streams begin on high ground, among hills or mountains • The sources of a stream usually consist of melting snow/ice or an overflowing lake • At the end of a stream is the mouth which empties into another body of water Streams and Rivers
  • 4. • Streams can be as small as a shallow brook • Or as large as a river, the largest and most important streams • Most rivers form from many smaller streams coming together, these are called tributaries Streams and Rivers Tributaries – are streams or rivers that flow into a larger stream or river
  • 5. • The more tributaries that empty into a river the larger the river grows • Together the river and its tributaries are called a river system Streams and Rivers River System – a river and all of its tributaries
  • 6. • Each continent, except Antarctica, has major rivers and river systems. • Africa has the Nile, Asia has the Yangtze, Australia has the Murray, Europe has the Danube, North America has the Mississippi, and South America has the Amazon Streams and Rivers
  • 7. • The Nile is the Earth’s longest river, it flows from Central Africa to the Mediterranean Sea • The Amazon is the Earth’s largest river, carrying more water than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined • River Systems carry or drain water away from the land around them (drainage basin) • Rivers are important for many reasons including drinking, cleaning, travel and trade Streams and Rivers, Lakes Drainage Basin – Land drained by a river system
  • 9. • Why did many of the world’s first settlements form along rivers? (pg.27)
  • 10. • Lakes are bodies of water surrounded by land • The word lake comes from the Greek language meaning hole because most lakes are holes in the Earth that fill with water • Lakes exist on every continent except Antartica • The greatest amount of lakes exist where there was once many glaciers such as North America and northern Europe Lakes
  • 11. • During the last Ice Age, glaciers gouged huge holes in the Earth and the holes filled with the water from the melted glaciers • Lakes also form where rainwater collects in huge holes made in other ways • Crater Lake in Oregon was formed in a crater of an extinct volcano Lakes
  • 12. • Lake Baikal in Russia is the deepest lake on Earth measuring 5,315 feet deep it was formed in a huge crack in the Earth’s crust called a rift Lakes Rift – a long and deep crack in the Earth
  • 13. • North America has the most lakes out of all of the continents • The largest of the North American lakes are the Great Lakes • One fifth of all of the fresh water on the Earth’s surface is found in the Great Lakes Lakes H – Huron O – Ontario M – Michigan E – Erie S – Superior
  • 14. • There are some large bodies of water called seas that are actually lakes • The difference is that they are not fresh water, but salt water and that is why they are called seas instead of lakes • The Dead Sea, Sea of Galilee, and the Caspian Sea are lakes • The lowest lying lake is the Dead Sea between Israel and Jordan • The highest lake is Lake Titicaca in South America Lakes
  • 17. • Not all lakes are made by nature • Some are man-made and are called resevoirs • People build dams to control river flooding or to generate electricity Lakes Reservoir – a lake that forms behind a human made dam
  • 18. Terms to Know • Reservoir • Rift • Drainage basin • River system • Tributaries • How did Ice Age glaciers form lakes in North America and Europe? (pg. 28)