This document summarizes an interview-based study on the challenges of managing complex application portfolios in the public sector, using the South Australia Police (SAPOL) as a case study. The key findings were:
1) Application portfolios grew organically over time through quick fixes that prioritized immediate needs over long-term architecture.
2) Integrating diverse technologies led to sustainability issues and increased operational costs to maintain the complex, non-standard portfolio.
3) Rationalizing the portfolio could reduce costs and free up resources for new initiatives, but requires ongoing effort due to the portfolio's size and complexity.
Investigation and Study of Vital Factors in Selection, Implementation and Sat...IJECEIAES
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in India are the most productive job designers and forerunners in developing new ideas in the field of business. SMEs not only play a vital role in providing large scale employment openings at reasonably lower capital than large businesses but also help in industrialization of rural areas in India. SMEs are complementary to large industries as subsidiary units and this sector contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the country. Small and Medium scale industries have grown tremendously in the last 5 decades. In spite of high enthusiasm and intrinsic capabilities to grow, there are a number of problems faced by SME‟s; one of them is the „technological obsolescence‟. The SME sector in order to outcome this challenge must make advances in the field of engineering and technology. Adoption of Information Communication Technology in their business process can enhance their productivity and global competency.in the market. In this connection Enterprise Resource Planning plays a vital role in the SME‟s business process strategy. Hence there is a need for the motivation to implement ERP and find whether the current ICT solution the industries using are adequate for their strategy. In this paper we try to find out which ERP vendors does the SME sectors prefer, are the features of the ERP system and the implementation methodology selected have met the business goals and user satisfaction.
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Enterprise Applications Modernization, Issues and OpportunitiesIJARIIT
The Enterprise application complexity of enterprises has assumed gigantic proportions in last 3-4 decades. In large enterprises, thousands of applications run on varied platforms. IT is not able to cater to the fast changing business needs as productivity is hindered by the soloed and duplicate applications. One of the key objectives of CIOs in 2015 onwards is to how to make future ready of the Enterprise applications so that they can meet the macro-economic business challenges of the modern day.
This paper examines the major business challenges and drivers for enterprise application modernization, key benefits of optimization and modernization.
AN ITERATIVE HYBRID AGILE METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING ARCHIVING SYSTEMSijseajournal
With the massive growth of the organizations files, the needs for archiving system become a must. A lot of
time is consumed in collecting requirements from the organization to build an archiving system. Sometimes
the system does not meet the organization needs. This paper proposes a domain-based requirement
engineering system that efficiently and effectively develops different archiving systems based on new
suggested technique that merges the two best used agile methodologies: extreme programming (XP) and
SCRUM. The technique is tested on a real case study. The results shows that the time and effort consumed
during analyzing and designing the archiving systems decreased significantly. The proposed methodology
also reduces the system errors that may happen at the early stages of the development of the system.
Wow! Nearly 3,000 views since I posted this document.
I wrote this to help five R&D project managers to document the results of their efforts. It appears many of you found it helpful, as well.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRACTING PROCESS FOR AN ERP SYSTEMcsandit
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate information across an entire
organization that automate core activities such as finance/accounting, human resources,
manufacturing, production and supply chain management… etc. to facilitate an integrated
centralized system and rapid decision making– resulting in cost reduction, greater planning,
and increased control. Many organizations are updating their current management information
systems with ERP systems. This is not a trivial task. They have to identify the organization’s
objectives and satisfy a myriad of stakeholders. They have to understand what business
processes they have, how they can be improved, and what particular systems would best suit
their needs. They have to understand how an ERP system is built; it involves the modification of
an existing system with its own set of business rules. Deciding what to ask for and how to select
the best option is a very complex operation and there is limited experience with this type of
contracting in organizations. In this paper we discuss a particular experience with contracting
out an ERP system, provide some lessons learned, and offer suggestions in how the RFP and bid
selection processes could have been improved.
Investigation and Study of Vital Factors in Selection, Implementation and Sat...IJECEIAES
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in India are the most productive job designers and forerunners in developing new ideas in the field of business. SMEs not only play a vital role in providing large scale employment openings at reasonably lower capital than large businesses but also help in industrialization of rural areas in India. SMEs are complementary to large industries as subsidiary units and this sector contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the country. Small and Medium scale industries have grown tremendously in the last 5 decades. In spite of high enthusiasm and intrinsic capabilities to grow, there are a number of problems faced by SME‟s; one of them is the „technological obsolescence‟. The SME sector in order to outcome this challenge must make advances in the field of engineering and technology. Adoption of Information Communication Technology in their business process can enhance their productivity and global competency.in the market. In this connection Enterprise Resource Planning plays a vital role in the SME‟s business process strategy. Hence there is a need for the motivation to implement ERP and find whether the current ICT solution the industries using are adequate for their strategy. In this paper we try to find out which ERP vendors does the SME sectors prefer, are the features of the ERP system and the implementation methodology selected have met the business goals and user satisfaction.
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Enterprise Applications Modernization, Issues and OpportunitiesIJARIIT
The Enterprise application complexity of enterprises has assumed gigantic proportions in last 3-4 decades. In large enterprises, thousands of applications run on varied platforms. IT is not able to cater to the fast changing business needs as productivity is hindered by the soloed and duplicate applications. One of the key objectives of CIOs in 2015 onwards is to how to make future ready of the Enterprise applications so that they can meet the macro-economic business challenges of the modern day.
This paper examines the major business challenges and drivers for enterprise application modernization, key benefits of optimization and modernization.
AN ITERATIVE HYBRID AGILE METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING ARCHIVING SYSTEMSijseajournal
With the massive growth of the organizations files, the needs for archiving system become a must. A lot of
time is consumed in collecting requirements from the organization to build an archiving system. Sometimes
the system does not meet the organization needs. This paper proposes a domain-based requirement
engineering system that efficiently and effectively develops different archiving systems based on new
suggested technique that merges the two best used agile methodologies: extreme programming (XP) and
SCRUM. The technique is tested on a real case study. The results shows that the time and effort consumed
during analyzing and designing the archiving systems decreased significantly. The proposed methodology
also reduces the system errors that may happen at the early stages of the development of the system.
Wow! Nearly 3,000 views since I posted this document.
I wrote this to help five R&D project managers to document the results of their efforts. It appears many of you found it helpful, as well.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRACTING PROCESS FOR AN ERP SYSTEMcsandit
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate information across an entire
organization that automate core activities such as finance/accounting, human resources,
manufacturing, production and supply chain management… etc. to facilitate an integrated
centralized system and rapid decision making– resulting in cost reduction, greater planning,
and increased control. Many organizations are updating their current management information
systems with ERP systems. This is not a trivial task. They have to identify the organization’s
objectives and satisfy a myriad of stakeholders. They have to understand what business
processes they have, how they can be improved, and what particular systems would best suit
their needs. They have to understand how an ERP system is built; it involves the modification of
an existing system with its own set of business rules. Deciding what to ask for and how to select
the best option is a very complex operation and there is limited experience with this type of
contracting in organizations. In this paper we discuss a particular experience with contracting
out an ERP system, provide some lessons learned, and offer suggestions in how the RFP and bid
selection processes could have been improved.
CHALLENGES FOR MANAGING COMPLEX APPLICATION PORTFOLIOS: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH...IJMIT JOURNAL
This research explores the challenges in management and the root cause for complex application portfolios
in the public sector. It takes Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police
(SAPOL) for evaluation it being one of the significant and mission critical state government agencies. The
exploratory research surfaces some of the key challenges using interview as primary data collection
source, along with archive records, documentation, and direct observation as secondary sources. This
paper reports on the information analysed surfacing eight key issues. It highlights that the organic growth
of the technology portfolios, with mission criticality has resulted in many quick fixes which are not aligned
with long term enterprise architectural stability. Integration of different mismatched technologies, along
with the pressure from the business to always keep the lights on, does not provide the opportunity for the
portfolios to be rationalised in an ongoing way. Other issues and the areas for further study are explored
at the end.
In this paper discussed about the role of e-HR in government/private organization. Electronic human resources are the part of electronic human management (e-HRM). E-HRM is the department of organization; electronic human resources are a function of HR that concerned with the use management and regulation of electronic information and processes within an organization. In this paper also discussed about the term of e-HRM (Electronic Human Resources Management) and e-HRIS (Human Resources Information System). The main goal of this paper is the important of e-HR (Electronic Human Resources) in the organization/industries. In this paper also discussed about the e-HR services, e-HR life cycle. E-HR is the latest technology in which use the technology and provide the good services of customer and employee. In this paper also discussed about the 5-stages of e-HR life cycle in need of improvement, e-HR implementation and also revenue cycle management.
Risk of Adopting Open Source ERP for Small Manufacturers: A Case StudyPlacide Poba Nzaou
Purpose - This study aims to explore the process of open source software (OSS) adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and more specifically open source ERP as a “mission critical” OSS application in manufacturing. It also addresses the fundamental issue of ERP risk management that shapes this process.
Design/methodology/approach - The approach is done through an interpretive case study of a small Canadian manufacturer that has adopted an open source ERP system.
Findings - Interpreted in the light of diffusion of innovation theory and the IT risk management literature, results indicate that the small manufacturer successfully managed the adoption process in a rather intuitive manner, based on one guiding principle and nine practices.
Practical implications - This research confirms that open source is a credible alternative for SMEs that decide willingly or under external pressure to adopt an ERP system. Moreover, it suggests that a high level of formalization is not always necessary. For ERP vendors, this study shows that SMEs are more in search of flexibility in an ERP system than in the “best practices” embedded within these systems.
Originality/value - We argue that rich insights into the dynamics of the OSS-ERP adoption process can be obtained by framing this process within a risk management context.
KEYWORDS:
Open source software; ERP adoption; SME; Small business; IT risk management.
SMART LOGISTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PRACTICES IN INDUSTRY 4.0 ERAijmvsc
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that affect success of logistics companies adopting AI by studying the application of AI in the logistics industry. Although the application of technology and artificial intelligence has been widely studied, the factors affecting the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) are still unknown in the existing literature. Therefore, the main research in this paper is to explore the influence of success factors on AI by integrating technology, organization and environment (TOE) framework. The framework is judged by case analysis of logistics companies. This study provides some suggestions on successful adoption of AI technology fortheir logistics operations.
DEVELOPMENT, CONFIGURATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OPEN SOURCE ERP IN MANUFACTURIN...IAEME Publication
Industry Revolution 4.0 has changed the way we live, work and interact, creating
new opportunities and challenges. To deal with these challenges, SMEs need an
application that can integrate and automate SME business processes. PT. Faco
Global Engineering is a manufacturing company that focuses on steel. In its
production activities, the related documents are still handwritten using the existing
forms, and stored in a Microsoft Excel. So that documents related to production
activities and production reports cannot be accessed in real time. Odoo is an open
source ERP application that provides production activity solutions in the form of
manufacturing modules. This implementation using the ASAP (Accelerated SAP), with
a risk that appears at a low level of 44%, medium 48%, high 8%. There are 6 form
adjustments, namely product form, bill of material tab components, bill of material tab
properties, work center, manufacturing orders, and work orders on Odoo. The ASAP
method is chosen based on the level of efficiency for making reports of production
results of 64% activity, 78% time, 100% distance, and 50% human resources
An Analytic Network Process Modeling to Assess Technological Innovation Capab...drboon
To handle swift changes in global environment, Technological Innovation Capabilities (TICs) is one crucial and unique strategy to increase firms’ competitiveness. This research proposed a systematic framework of TICs assessment by employing Analytic Network Process (ANP) method for solving the complicate decision-making and assessing the interrelationship among various evaluation factors, whereas the relative important weight data were provided by industrial experts based on pair-wise comparison. With the novel TIC assessment model, high-level managers could easily gain management information to rationalizes the decision-making process based on the most important criteria which affect the firms’ competitive advantages and the highest priority factors which were needed to be handled. The last section also displayed the application of TICs assessment on three Thai automotive parts firms, as case study.
Open source ERP is an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software application whose source code is made publicly available. The open source model allows companies to access the ERP system's code and customize it using their own IT department or paying extra for professional implementation partner customization and maintenance services.
An ariel view is taken here to highlight some of the critical aspects of adopting an open sourced ERP application by a medium sized organization.
CHALLENGES FOR PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATIONS IN CLOUD ADOPTION: A CASE STUDY OF...ijmpict
This research explores critical aspects of procurement of ICT cloud services for South Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police (SAPOL) for evaluation. SAPOL as one of the state government agencies at the time is initiating this transition to the cloud environment. This exploratory research takes place when this public sector agency is doing its due diligence to ensure a successful implementation. In this study the researcher started off with surfacing the challenges in this journey for a public sector organisation before the actual journey commenced. SAPOL being a public sector organisation operates differently from private enterprises and has certain constraints and limitations that pose additional challenges for the organisation to transition towards the cloud. Interview with the CIO of the organisation responsible for the cloud migration initiative was organised. After detailed literature review, an interview questionnaire was prepared in accordance with the subject of interest. The information gathered in the interviews was recorded for detailed analysis. This paper contains a detailed report on the information analysed highlighting fourteen important challenges faced by the organisation in this cloud migration journey.
Transitioning IT Projects to Operations Effectively in Public Sector : A Case...ijmpict
Operational effectiveness is measured by the application availability to end-users and the extent of
convenient usage of the application to perform their business functions. This paper demonstrates how
varying project transition process can affect the operational effectiveness. This explanatory case study
uses various projects in a South Australian government agency as the candidates for evaluation. With
various applications that existed in the production environment, the end-users had varying levels of
satisfaction. This research analyses factors influencing the operational efficiency the projects in transition
from project delivery into operations. The evidence clearly demonstrates criticality of the transition
process of applications from project delivery phase to operations phase. The research analyses the
findings specific to government agencies and presents recommendations. These findings can be useful to
public sector agencies for improving availability of IT applications in operations.
CHALLENGES FOR MANAGING COMPLEX APPLICATION PORTFOLIOS: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH...IJMIT JOURNAL
This research explores the challenges in management and the root cause for complex application portfolios
in the public sector. It takes Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police
(SAPOL) for evaluation it being one of the significant and mission critical state government agencies. The
exploratory research surfaces some of the key challenges using interview as primary data collection
source, along with archive records, documentation, and direct observation as secondary sources. This
paper reports on the information analysed surfacing eight key issues. It highlights that the organic growth
of the technology portfolios, with mission criticality has resulted in many quick fixes which are not aligned
with long term enterprise architectural stability. Integration of different mismatched technologies, along
with the pressure from the business to always keep the lights on, does not provide the opportunity for the
portfolios to be rationalised in an ongoing way. Other issues and the areas for further study are explored
at the end.
In this paper discussed about the role of e-HR in government/private organization. Electronic human resources are the part of electronic human management (e-HRM). E-HRM is the department of organization; electronic human resources are a function of HR that concerned with the use management and regulation of electronic information and processes within an organization. In this paper also discussed about the term of e-HRM (Electronic Human Resources Management) and e-HRIS (Human Resources Information System). The main goal of this paper is the important of e-HR (Electronic Human Resources) in the organization/industries. In this paper also discussed about the e-HR services, e-HR life cycle. E-HR is the latest technology in which use the technology and provide the good services of customer and employee. In this paper also discussed about the 5-stages of e-HR life cycle in need of improvement, e-HR implementation and also revenue cycle management.
Risk of Adopting Open Source ERP for Small Manufacturers: A Case StudyPlacide Poba Nzaou
Purpose - This study aims to explore the process of open source software (OSS) adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and more specifically open source ERP as a “mission critical” OSS application in manufacturing. It also addresses the fundamental issue of ERP risk management that shapes this process.
Design/methodology/approach - The approach is done through an interpretive case study of a small Canadian manufacturer that has adopted an open source ERP system.
Findings - Interpreted in the light of diffusion of innovation theory and the IT risk management literature, results indicate that the small manufacturer successfully managed the adoption process in a rather intuitive manner, based on one guiding principle and nine practices.
Practical implications - This research confirms that open source is a credible alternative for SMEs that decide willingly or under external pressure to adopt an ERP system. Moreover, it suggests that a high level of formalization is not always necessary. For ERP vendors, this study shows that SMEs are more in search of flexibility in an ERP system than in the “best practices” embedded within these systems.
Originality/value - We argue that rich insights into the dynamics of the OSS-ERP adoption process can be obtained by framing this process within a risk management context.
KEYWORDS:
Open source software; ERP adoption; SME; Small business; IT risk management.
SMART LOGISTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PRACTICES IN INDUSTRY 4.0 ERAijmvsc
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that affect success of logistics companies adopting AI by studying the application of AI in the logistics industry. Although the application of technology and artificial intelligence has been widely studied, the factors affecting the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) are still unknown in the existing literature. Therefore, the main research in this paper is to explore the influence of success factors on AI by integrating technology, organization and environment (TOE) framework. The framework is judged by case analysis of logistics companies. This study provides some suggestions on successful adoption of AI technology fortheir logistics operations.
DEVELOPMENT, CONFIGURATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OPEN SOURCE ERP IN MANUFACTURIN...IAEME Publication
Industry Revolution 4.0 has changed the way we live, work and interact, creating
new opportunities and challenges. To deal with these challenges, SMEs need an
application that can integrate and automate SME business processes. PT. Faco
Global Engineering is a manufacturing company that focuses on steel. In its
production activities, the related documents are still handwritten using the existing
forms, and stored in a Microsoft Excel. So that documents related to production
activities and production reports cannot be accessed in real time. Odoo is an open
source ERP application that provides production activity solutions in the form of
manufacturing modules. This implementation using the ASAP (Accelerated SAP), with
a risk that appears at a low level of 44%, medium 48%, high 8%. There are 6 form
adjustments, namely product form, bill of material tab components, bill of material tab
properties, work center, manufacturing orders, and work orders on Odoo. The ASAP
method is chosen based on the level of efficiency for making reports of production
results of 64% activity, 78% time, 100% distance, and 50% human resources
An Analytic Network Process Modeling to Assess Technological Innovation Capab...drboon
To handle swift changes in global environment, Technological Innovation Capabilities (TICs) is one crucial and unique strategy to increase firms’ competitiveness. This research proposed a systematic framework of TICs assessment by employing Analytic Network Process (ANP) method for solving the complicate decision-making and assessing the interrelationship among various evaluation factors, whereas the relative important weight data were provided by industrial experts based on pair-wise comparison. With the novel TIC assessment model, high-level managers could easily gain management information to rationalizes the decision-making process based on the most important criteria which affect the firms’ competitive advantages and the highest priority factors which were needed to be handled. The last section also displayed the application of TICs assessment on three Thai automotive parts firms, as case study.
Open source ERP is an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software application whose source code is made publicly available. The open source model allows companies to access the ERP system's code and customize it using their own IT department or paying extra for professional implementation partner customization and maintenance services.
An ariel view is taken here to highlight some of the critical aspects of adopting an open sourced ERP application by a medium sized organization.
CHALLENGES FOR PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATIONS IN CLOUD ADOPTION: A CASE STUDY OF...ijmpict
This research explores critical aspects of procurement of ICT cloud services for South Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police (SAPOL) for evaluation. SAPOL as one of the state government agencies at the time is initiating this transition to the cloud environment. This exploratory research takes place when this public sector agency is doing its due diligence to ensure a successful implementation. In this study the researcher started off with surfacing the challenges in this journey for a public sector organisation before the actual journey commenced. SAPOL being a public sector organisation operates differently from private enterprises and has certain constraints and limitations that pose additional challenges for the organisation to transition towards the cloud. Interview with the CIO of the organisation responsible for the cloud migration initiative was organised. After detailed literature review, an interview questionnaire was prepared in accordance with the subject of interest. The information gathered in the interviews was recorded for detailed analysis. This paper contains a detailed report on the information analysed highlighting fourteen important challenges faced by the organisation in this cloud migration journey.
Transitioning IT Projects to Operations Effectively in Public Sector : A Case...ijmpict
Operational effectiveness is measured by the application availability to end-users and the extent of
convenient usage of the application to perform their business functions. This paper demonstrates how
varying project transition process can affect the operational effectiveness. This explanatory case study
uses various projects in a South Australian government agency as the candidates for evaluation. With
various applications that existed in the production environment, the end-users had varying levels of
satisfaction. This research analyses factors influencing the operational efficiency the projects in transition
from project delivery into operations. The evidence clearly demonstrates criticality of the transition
process of applications from project delivery phase to operations phase. The research analyses the
findings specific to government agencies and presents recommendations. These findings can be useful to
public sector agencies for improving availability of IT applications in operations.
REGULARIZED FUZZY NEURAL NETWORKS TO AID EFFORT FORECASTING IN THE CONSTRUCTI...ijaia
Predicting the time to build software is a very complex task for software engineering managers. There are complex factors that can directly interfere with the productivity of the development team. Factors directly related to the complexity of the system to be developed drastically change the time necessary for the completion of the works with the software factories. This work proposes the use of a hybrid system based on artificial neural networks and fuzzy systems to assist in the construction of an expert system based on rules to support in the prediction of hours destined to the development of software according to the complexity of the elements present in the same. The set of fuzzy rules obtained by the system helps the management and control of software development by providing a base of interpretable estimates based on fuzzy rules. The model was submitted to tests on a real database, and its results were promissory in the construction of an aid mechanism in the predictability of the software construction
AN APPROACH FOR A BUSINESS-DRIVEN CLOUDCOMPLIANCE ANALYSIS COVERING PUBLIC SE...ijmpict
The need for process improvement is an important target that does affect as well the government processes. Specifically in the public sector there are specific challenges to face .New technology approaches within government processes such as cloud services are necessary to address these challenges. Following the current discussion of „cloudification“of business processes all processes are considered similar in regards to their usability within the cloud. The truth is, that neither all processes have the same usability for cloud services not do they have the same importance for a specific company.
AN APPROACH FOR A BUSINESS-DRIVEN CLOUDCOMPLIANCE ANALYSIS COVERING PUBLIC SE...ijmpict
The need for process improvement is an important target that does affect as well the government processes.
Specifically in the public sector there are specific challenges to face .New technology approaches within
government processes such as cloud services are necessary to address these challenges. Following the
current discussion of „cloudification“of business processes all processes are considered similar in regards
to their usability within the cloud. The truth is, that neither all processes have the same usability for cloud
services not do they have the same importance for a specific company.
The most comprehensive process within a company is the corporate value chain. In this article one key
proposition is to use the corporate value chain as the fundamental structuring backbone for all business
process analysis and improvement activities. It is a pre-requisite to identify the core elements of the value
chain that are essential for the individual company’s business and the root cause for any company success.
In this paper we propose to use the company-specific value-creation for the “cloud-affinity” and the
“cloud-usability” of a business process in public sector considering the specific challenges of addressing
processes in cloud services. Therefor it is necessary to formalize the way the processes with its
interdependencies are documented in context of their company-specific value chain (as part of the various
deployment- and governance alternatives (e.g. security, compliance, quality, adaptability)). Moreover, it is
essential in the public sector to describe in detail the environmental / external restrictions of processes..
With the use of this proposed methodology it becomes relatively easy to identify cloud-suitable processes
within the public sector and thus optimize the public companies value generation tightly focused with the
use of this new technology.
Exploring application portfolio management in Indonesia: A case study of the ...CSITiaesprime
Due to rapid information and communication technology (ICT) growth, government agencies must manage more digital apps to support public service operations and administration. In Indonesia, at least 400,000 applications have been received by various ministries and government agencies. This amount will hurt the ICT budget’s investment and waste if no approach is employed. Problems can be solved with application portfolio management (APM). Indonesian government agencies’ AMP implementation is unclear. APM is applied at the government research institute agency for the assessment and application of technology (BPPT) in this study. BPPT was chosen due to APM’s lack of ICT investment management. This research examined 41 submissions from the 2019 digital transformation initiative. APM selected two mapping models. The outcome indicates how APM may offer ICT strategies for current applications to government entities. This analysis mapped existing applications into two models: McFarlan’s strategic grid and gartner’s TIME model. Mapping findings from these two models-technical health evaluations and regulatory compliance-may be used for application sustainability suggestions. 11 treatments were advised for maintenance and investment, while 4 applications were recommended for removal. This research helps us understand how the Indonesian government institute maintains its application portfolio and how APM might be a valuable method for application management.
Using Machine Learning embedded in Organizational Responsibility Model, added to the ten characteristics of the CIO Master and the twelve competencies of the workforce can help lead the Digital Transformation of the traditional public organizations to the Exponential.
Serving the long tail white-paper (how to rationalize IT yet produce more apps)Newton Day Uploads
Businesses benefit from having fewer technology tools in their 'enterprise stack'. Yet CIOs still need to encourage innovation and employ software tools as an enabler for growth and cost reduction. This white paper focuses on the role of Situational Applications platforms to reduce the number of technology platforms whilst increasing opportunities to serve the long-tail of applications demands from individuals and communities of users whose needs are unfulfilled by core enterprise platforms.
Managing It Innovation: Recessionary and Post-Recessionary Service and Staffi...IJMIT JOURNAL
Information Technology (IT) service and staffing models were increasingly reduced in the wake of
recession, which often limits focus for long-term innovation, as the remaining services and staff are focused
on producing short-term requirements. Despite these cutbacks, organizations must continue to innovate and
provide contributions to the set of stakeholders. In addition as the post-recessionary timeframe begins,
organizations that continued to innovate throughout the recession, must retain human capital and take
advantage of their prior investments. Organizations that focus on innovation during recessionary
timeframes, are more likely to emerge in a superior competitive position during post-recessionary
timeframes. This paper explores identified industry best practices for IT service and staffing models that
can be utilized to ensure adequate resources are dedicated to achieving innovation, and management
implications for post-recessionary methods. In addition, a review of the capacities and capabilities which
fall under the new IT service and staffing models are developed in the form of an innovation matrix. This
approach reduces IT requirements to focus on key strategic service areas, with considerations for reduced
staffing needs during periods of economic downturn, and staffing retention during the following economic
upturn.
This paper had as approach a study about the use of IT resources in three different small, medium and large transport companies of the city of Pau dos Ferros - RN. The collected data allowed the knowledge of the main technological resources used in the internal structure of each company and their influence on the internal decision-making processes. When analyzing the resources used by the organizations, a certain similarity was identified in the types and a difference in the Information Systems used. The enterprises,named here as A, B and C, use thesoftwares SYSPDV, SoftCom and CissPoder, respectively. It was also identified that the small enterprise A does not use all the functionalities of the Information System employed, while the large enterprises B and C explore all the capacities of the IS in the company internal structure.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRACTING PROCESS FOR AN ERP SYSTEMcscpconf
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate information across an entire organization that automate core activities such as finance/accounting, human resources,
manufacturing, production and supply chain management… etc. to facilitate an integrated centralized system and rapid decision making– resulting in cost reduction, greater planning, and increased control. Many organizations are updating their current management information systems with ERP systems. This is not a trivial task. They have to identify the organization’s
objectives and satisfy a myriad of stakeholders. They have to understand what business processes they have, how they can be improved, and what particular systems would best suit
their needs. They have to understand how an ERP system is built; it involves the modification of an existing system with its own set of business rules. Deciding what to ask for and how to select the best option is a very complex operation and there is limited experience with this type of contracting in organizations. In this paper we discuss a particular experience with contracting
out an ERP system, provide some lessons learned, and offer suggestions in how the RFP and bid selection processes could have been improved.
AN ITERATIVE HYBRID AGILE METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING ARCHIVING SYSTEMSijseajournal
With the massive growth of the organizations files, the needs for archiving system become a must. A lot of time is consumed in collecting requirements from the organization to build an archiving system. Sometimes the system does not meet the organization needs. This paper proposes a domain-based requirement engineering system that efficiently and effectively develops different archiving systems based on new
suggested technique that merges the two best used agile methodologies: extreme programming (XP) and SCRUM. The technique is tested on a real case study. The results shows that the time and effort consumed during analyzing and designing the archiving systems decreased significantly. The proposed methodology also reduces the system errors that may happen at the early stages of the development of the system.
Similar to Challenges for Managing Complex Application Portfolios: A Case Study of South Australian Public Sector Agency (20)
MULTIMODAL COURSE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION USING LEML AND LMS FOR INSTRUCTIO...IJMIT JOURNAL
Traditionally, teaching has been centered around classroom delivery. However, the onslaught of the
COVID-19 pandemic has cultivated usage of technology, teaching, and learning methodologies for course
delivery. We investigate and describe different modes of course delivery that maintain the integrity of
teaching and learning. This paper answers to the research questions: 1) What course delivery method our
academic institutions use and why? 2) How can instructors validate the guidelines of the institutions? 3)
How courses should be taught to provide student learning outcomes? Using the Learning Environment
Modeling Language (LEML), we investigate the design and implementation of courses for delivery in the
following environments: face-to-face, online synchronous, asynchronous, hybrid, and hyflex. A good
course design and implementation are key components of instructional alignment. Furthermore, we
demonstrate how to design, implement, and deliver courses in synchronous, asynchronous, and hybrid
modes and describe our proposed enhancements to LEML.
Novel R&D Capabilities as a Response to ESG Risks-Lessons From Amazon’s Fusio...IJMIT JOURNAL
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management is essential for transforming corporate
financial performance-oriented business strategies into Finance (F) + ESG optimization strategies to
achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
In this trend, the rise of ESG risks has divided firms into two categories. Former incorporates a growthmindset that creates a passion for learning, and urges it to improve itself by endeavoring Research and
development (R&D) -driven challenges, while the other category, characterized by risk aversion, avoids
challenging highly uncertain R&D activities and seeks more manageable endeavors.
This duality underscores the complexity of corporate R&D strategies in addressing ESG risks and
necessitates the development of novel R&D capabilities for corporate R&D transformation strategies
towards F + ESG optimization.
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) ** WJCI IndexedIJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government, and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) ** WJCI IndexedIJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government, and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
NOVEL R & D CAPABILITIES AS A RESPONSE TO ESG RISKS- LESSONS FROM AMAZON’S FU...IJMIT JOURNAL
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management is essential for transforming corporate
financial performance-oriented business strategies into Finance (F) + ESG optimization strategies to
achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
In this trend, the rise of ESG risks has divided firms into two categories. Former incorporates a growthmindset that creates a passion for learning, and urges it to improve itself by endeavoring Research and
development (R&D) -driven challenges, while the other category, characterized by risk aversion, avoids
challenging highly uncertain R&D activities and seeks more manageable endeavors.
This duality underscores the complexity of corporate R&D strategies in addressing ESG risks and
necessitates the development of novel R&D capabilities for corporate R&D transformation strategies
towards F + ESG optimization.
Building on this premise, this paper conducts an empirical analysis, utilizing reliable firms data on ESG
risk and brand value, with a focus on 100 global R&D leader firms. It analyzes R&D and actions for ESG
risk mitigation, and assesses the development of new functions that fulfill F + ESG optimization through
R&D. The analysis also highlights the significance of network externality effects, with a specific focus on
Amazon, a leading R&D company, providing insights into the direction for transforming R&D strategies
towards F + ESG optimization.
The dynamics of stakeholder engagement in F + ESG optimization are indicated with the example of
amazon's activities. Through the analysis, it became evident that Amazon's capacity encompassing growth
and scalability, specifically its ability to grow and expand, is accelerating high-level research and
development by gaining the trust of stakeholders in the "synergy through R&D-driven ESG risk
mitigation."
Finally, as examples of these initiatives, the paper discussed the Climate Pledge led by Amazon and the
transformation of Japan's management system.
A REVIEW OF STOCK TREND PREDICTION WITH COMBINATION OF EFFECTIVE MULTI TECHNI...IJMIT JOURNAL
It is important for investors to understand stock trends and market conditions before trading stocks. Both
these capabilities are very important for an investor in order to obtain maximized profit and minimized
losses. Without this capability, investors will suffer losses due to their ignorance regarding stock trends
and market conditions. Technical analysis helps to understand stock prices behavior with regards to past
trends, the signals given by indicators and the major turning points of the market price. This paper reviews
the stock trend predictions with a combination of the effective multi technical indicator strategy to increase
investment performance by taking into account the global performance and the proposed combination of
effective multi technical indicator strategy model.
INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM USING CUSTOMIZED RULES FOR SNORTIJMIT JOURNAL
These days the security provided by the computer systems is a big issue as it always has the threats of
cyber-attacks like IP address spoofing, Denial of Service (DOS), token impersonation, etc. The security
provided by the blue team operations tends to be costly if done in large firms as a large number of systems
need to be protected against these attacks. This leads these firms to turn to less costly security
configurations like IDS Suricata and IDS Snort. The main theme of the project is to improve the services
provided by Snort which is a tool used in creating a vague defense against cyber-attacks like DDOS
attacks which are done on both physical and network layers. These attacks in turn result in loss of
extremely important data. The rules defined in this project will result in monitoring traffic, analyzing it,
and taking appropriate action to not only stop the attack but also locate its source IP address. This whole
process uses different tools other than Snort like Wireshark, Wazuh and Splunk. The product of this will
result in not only the detection of the attack but also the source IP address of the machine on which the
attack is initiated and completed. The end product of this research will result in sets of default rules for the
Snort tool which will not only be able to provide better security than its previous versions but also be able
to provide the user with the IP address of the attacker or the person conducting the attack. The system
involves the integration of Wazuh with Snort tool in order to make it more efficient than IDS Suricata
which is another intrusion detection system capable of detecting all these types of attacks as mentioned.
Splunk is another tool used in this project which increases the firewall efficiency to pass the no. of bits to
be scanned and the no. of bits scanned successfully. Wazuh is used in this system as it is the best choice for
traffic monitoring and incident response than any other of its alternatives in the market. Since this system
is used in firms which are known to handle big amounts of data and for this purpose, we use Splunk tool as
it is very efficient in handling big amounts of data. Wireshark is used in this system in order to give the IDS
automation in its capability to capture and report the malicious packets found during the network scan. All
of this gives the IDS a capability of a low budget automated threat detection system. This paper gives
complete guidelines for authors submitting papers for the AIRCC Journals.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly become a critical technology for businesses seeking to improve
efficiency and profitability. One area where AI is proving particularly impactful is in service operations
management, where it is used to create AI-powered service operations (AIServiceOps) that deliver highvalue services to customers. AIServiceOps involve the use of AI to automate and optimize various business
processes, such as customer service, sales, marketing, and supply chain management. The rapid
development of Artificial Intelligence has prompted many changes in the field of Information Technology
(IT) Service Operations. IT Service Operations are driven by AI, i.e., AIServiceOps. AI has empowered
new vitality and addressed many challenges in IT Service Operations. However, there is a literature gap on
the Business Value Impact of Artificial intelligence (AI) Powered IT Service Operations. It can help IT
build optimized business resilience by creating value in complex and ever-changing environments as
product organizations move faster than IT can handle. So, this research paper examines how AIServiceOps
creates business value and sustainability, basically how AIServiceOps makes the IT staff liberation from a
low-level, repetitive workout and traditional IT practices for a continuously optimized process. One of the
research objectives is to compare Traditional IT Service Operations with AIServiceOPs. This paper
provides the basis for how enterprises can evaluate AIServiceOps and consider it a digital transformation
tool. The paper presents a case study of a company that implemented AI-powered service operations
(AIServiceOps) and analyzes the resulting business outcomes. The study shows that AIServiceOps can
significantly improve service delivery, reduce response times, and increase customer satisfaction.
Furthermore, it demonstrates how AIServiceOps can deliver substantial cost savings, such as reducing
labor costs and minimizing downtime.
MEDIATING AND MODERATING FACTORS AFFECTING READINESS TO IOT APPLICATIONS: THE...IJMIT JOURNAL
Although IOT seems to be the upcoming trend, it is still in its infancy; especially in the banking industry.
There is a clear gap in literature, as only few studies identify factors affecting readiness to IOT
applications in banks in general, and almost negligible investigations on mediating and moderating
factors. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate the main factors that affect employees’ readiness to
IOT applications, while highlighting the mediating and moderating factors in the Egyptian banking sector.
The importance of Egypt stems from its high population and steady steps taken towards technology
adoption. 479 valid questionnaires were distributed over HR employees in banks. Data collected was
statistically analysed using Regression and SEM. Results showed a significant impact of ‘Security’,
‘Networking’, ‘Software Development’ and ‘Regulations’ on ‘readiness to IOT applications. Thus, the
readiness acceptance level is high‘Security’ and ‘User Intention’ were proven to mediate the relationship
between research variables and readiness to IOT applications, and only a partial moderation role was
proven for ‘Efficiency’. The study contributes to increasing literature on IOT applications in general, and
fills a gap on the Egyptian banking context in particular. Finally, it provides decision makers at banks with
useful guidelines on how to optimally promote IOT applications among employees.
EFFECTIVELY CONNECT ACQUIRED TECHNOLOGY TO INNOVATION OVER A LONG PERIODIJMIT JOURNAL
IT (Information and Communication Technology) companies are facing the dilemma of decreasing
productivity despite increasing research and development efforts. M&A (Merger and Acquisition) is being
considered as a breakthrough solution. From existing research, it has been pointed out that M&A leads to
the emergence of new innovations. Purpose of this study was to discuss the efficient ways of acquisition and
to resolve the dilemma of productivity decline by clarifying how the technology obtained through M&A
leads to the creation of new innovations. Hypothesis 1 was that the technology acquired through M&A is
utilized for innovation creation, Hypothesis 2 was that the acquired technology is utilized over a long
period of time, and Hypothesis 3 was that a long-term utilization has a positive impact on corporate
performance. The results, using sports prosthetics as a case study and using patents as a proxy variable,
confirmed all the hypotheses set. We have revealed that long-term utilization of technology obtained
through M&A is effective for creating new innovations.
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) ** WJCI IndexedIJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government, and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the areas of information technology and management
4th International Conference on Cloud, Big Data and IoT (CBIoT 2023)IJMIT JOURNAL
4th International Conference on Cloud, Big Data and IoT (CBIoT 2023) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the areas of Cloud, Big Data and IoT. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the area of Cloud, Big Data and IoT.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Cloud, Big Data and IoT.
TRANSFORMING SERVICE OPERATIONS WITH AI: A CASE FOR BUSINESS VALUEIJMIT JOURNAL
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly become a critical technology for businesses seeking to improve
efficiency and profitability. One area where AI is proving particularly impactful is in service operations
management, where it is used to create AI-powered service operations (AIServiceOps) that deliver highvalue services to customers. AIServiceOps involve the use of AI to automate and optimize various business
processes, such as customer service, sales, marketing, and supply chain management. The rapid
development of Artificial Intelligence has prompted many changes in the field of Information Technology
(IT) Service Operations. IT Service Operations are driven by AI, i.e., AIServiceOps. AI has empowered
new vitality and addressed many challenges in IT Service Operations. However, there is a literature gap on
the Business Value Impact of Artificial intelligence (AI) Powered IT Service Operations. It can help IT
build optimized business resilience by creating value in complex and ever-changing environments as
product organizations move faster than IT can handle. So, this research paper examines how AIServiceOps
creates business value and sustainability, basically how AIServiceOps makes the IT staff liberation from a
low-level, repetitive workout and traditional IT practices for a continuously optimized process. One of the
research objectives is to compare Traditional IT Service Operations with AIServiceOPs. This paper
provides the basis for how enterprises can evaluate AIServiceOps and consider it a digital transformation
tool. The paper presents a case study of a company that implemented AI-powered service operations
(AIServiceOps) and analyzes the resulting business outcomes. The study shows that AIServiceOps can
significantly improve service delivery, reduce response times, and increase customer satisfaction.
Furthermore, it demonstrates how AIServiceOps can deliver substantial cost savings, such as reducing
labor costs and minimizing downtime.
DESIGNING A FRAMEWORK FOR ENHANCING THE ONLINE KNOWLEDGE-SHARING BEHAVIOR OF ...IJMIT JOURNAL
The main objective of this paper is to identify the factors that influence academic staff's digital knowledgesharing behaviors in Ethiopian higher education. A structural equation model was used to validate the
research framework using survey data from 210 respondents. The collected data has been analyzed using
Smart PLS software. The results of the study show that trust, self-motivation, and altruism are positively
related to attitude. Contrary to our expectations, knowledge technology negatively affects attitude.
However, reward systems and empowerment by leaders are significantly associated with knowledgesharing intentions.Knowledge-sharing intention, in turn, was significantly related to digital knowledgesharing behavior. The contributions of this study are twofold. The framework may serve as a roadmap for
future researchers and managers considering their strategy to enhance digital knowledge sharing in HEI.
The findings will benefit academic staff and university administrations.The study will also help academic
staff enhance their knowledge-sharing practices.
BUILDING RELIABLE CLOUD SYSTEMS THROUGH CHAOS ENGINEERINGIJMIT JOURNAL
Cloud computing systems need to be reliable so that they can be accessed and used for computing at any
given point in time. The complex nature of cloud systems is the motivation to conduct research in novel
ways of ensuring that cloud systems are built with reliability in mind. In building cloud systems, it is
expected that the cloud system will be able to deal with high demands and unexpected events that affect the
reliability and performance of the system.
In this paper, chaos engineering is considered a heuristic method that can be used to build reliable cloud
systems. Chaos engineering is aimed at exposing weaknesses in systems that are in production. Chaos
engineering will help identify system weaknesses and strengths when a system is exposed to unexpected
knocks and shocks while it is in production.
Chaos engineering allows system developers and administrators to get insights into how the cloud system
will behave when it is exposed to unexpected occurrences.
A REVIEW OF STOCK TREND PREDICTION WITH COMBINATION OF EFFECTIVE MULTI TECHNI...IJMIT JOURNAL
It is important for investors to understand stock trends and market conditions before trading stocks. Both
these capabilities are very important for an investor in order to obtain maximized profit and minimized
losses. Without this capability, investors will suffer losses due to their ignorance regarding stock trends
and market conditions. Technical analysis helps to understand stock prices behavior with regards to past
trends, the signals given by indicators and the major turning points of the market price. This paper reviews
the stock trend predictions with a combination of the effective multi technical indicator strategy to increase
investment performance by taking into account the global performance and the proposed combination of
effective multi technical indicator strategy model.
NETWORK MEDIA ATTENTION AND GREEN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONIJMIT JOURNAL
This paper will provide a novel empirical study for the relationship between network media attention and
green technology innovation and examine how network media attention can ease financing constraints. It
collected data from listed companies in China's heavy pollution industry and performed rigorous
regression analysis, in order to innovatively explore the environmental governance functions of the media.
It found that network media attention significantly promotes green technology innovation. By analyzing the
inner mechanism further, it found that network media attention can promote green innovation by easing
financing constraints. Besides, network media attention has a significant positive impact on green invention
patents while not affecting green utility model patents.
INCLUSIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN HANDLING COMPETING INSTITUTIONAL LOGICS FOR DHI...IJMIT JOURNAL
Information System (IS) research advocates employing collaborative and loose coupling strategies to address contradictory issues to address diversified actors’ interests than the prescriptive and unilateral Information Technology (IT) governance mechanisms’, yet it is rarely depicting how managers employ these strategies in Health Information System (HIS) implementation, particularly in a resource-constrained setting where IS implementation activities have highly relied on multiple international organizations resources. This study explored how managers in resource-constrained settings employ collaborative IT governance mechanisms in the case of District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) adoption with an interpretative case study approach and the institutional logic concept. The institutional logic concept was used to identify the major actors’ logics underpinning the DHIS2 adoption. The study depicted the importance of high-level officials' distance from the dominant systemic logic to consider new alternative, and to employ inclusive IT governance mechanisms which separated resource from the system that facilitated stakeholders’ collaboration in DHIS2 adoption based on their capacity and interest.
DEEP LEARNING APPROACH FOR EVENT MONITORING SYSTEMIJMIT JOURNAL
With an increasing number of extreme events and complexity, more alarms are being used to monitor
control rooms. Operators in the control rooms need to monitor and analyze these alarms to take suitable
actions to ensure the system’s stability and security. Security is the biggest concern in the modern world. It
is important to have a rigid surveillance that should guarantee protection from any sought of hazard.
Considering security, Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) cameras are being utilized for reconnaissance, but these
CCTV cameras require a person for supervision. As a human being, there can be a possibility to be tired
off in supervision at any point of time. So, we need a system to detect automatically. Thus, we came up with
a solution using YOLO V5. We have taken a data set and used robo-flow framework to enhance the existing
images into numerous variations where it will create a copy of grey scale image, a copy of its rotation and
a copy of its blurred version which will be used to get an enlarged data set. This work mainly focuses on
providing a secure environment using CCTV live footage as a source to detect the weapons. Using YOLO
algorithm, it divides an image from the video into grid system and each grid detects an object within itself
MULTIMODAL COURSE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION USING LEML AND LMS FOR INSTRUCTIO...IJMIT JOURNAL
Traditionally, teaching has been centered around classroom delivery. However, the onslaught of the
COVID-19 pandemic has cultivated usage of technology, teaching, and learning methodologies for course
delivery. We investigate and describe different modes of course delivery that maintain the integrity of
teaching and learning. This paper answers to the research questions: 1) What course delivery method our
academic institutions use and why? 2) How can instructors validate the guidelines of the institutions? 3)
How courses should be taught to provide student learning outcomes? Using the Learning Environment
Modeling Language (LEML), we investigate the design and implementation of courses for delivery in the
following environments: face-to-face, online synchronous, asynchronous, hybrid, and hyflex. A good
course design and implementation are key components of instructional alignment. Furthermore, we
demonstrate how to design, implement, and deliver courses in synchronous, asynchronous, and hybrid
modes and describe our proposed enhancements to LEML.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Challenges for Managing Complex Application Portfolios: A Case Study of South Australian Public Sector Agency
1. International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) Vol.13, No.3, August 2021
DOI: 10.5121/ijmit.2021.13301 1
CHALLENGES FOR MANAGING COMPLEX
APPLICATION PORTFOLIOS: A CASE STUDY OF
SOUTH AUSTRALIAN PUBLIC SECTOR AGENCY
Yaser Mirza
Department of Information Technology & Mathematical Sciences,
University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
ABSTRACT
This research explores the challenges in management and the root cause for complex application portfolios
in the public sector. It takes Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police
(SAPOL) for evaluation it being one of the significant and mission critical state government agencies. The
exploratory research surfaces some of the key challenges using interview as primary data collection
source, along with archive records, documentation, and direct observation as secondary sources. This
paper reports on the information analysed surfacing eight key issues. It highlights that the organic growth
of the technology portfolios, with mission criticality has resulted in many quick fixes which are not aligned
with long term enterprise architectural stability. Integration of different mismatched technologies, along
with the pressure from the business to always keep the lights on, does not provide the opportunity for the
portfolios to be rationalised in an ongoing way. Other issues and the areas for further study are explored
at the end.
KEYWORDS
Public Sector IT, Application Portfolio Management, South Australia Police, SAPOL, Government
Application Portfolio Challenges, Technology in Policing
1. INTRODUCTION
This research is examines some of the critical challenges and the factors behind the creation of
complexities in the application portfolios in public sector agencies in South Australia. At the
time of an empirical research conducted by the researcher on better technology management in
South Australia Police department (SAPOL), the thing that needed consideration was
understanding that how can SAPOL’s application portfolio that is being pushed on to the cloud
environment, rationalised to reduce cost and increase operational efficiency. As the cost of the
cloud services is directly proportional to the scale and extent of use via different services and
applications used by the organisation [14], the more candidate applications that were transitioned
to the cloud meant that the organisation would bare more cost for hosting this huge number of
application. Thus, in a drive to reduce this ongoing cost of hosting on the cloud, the organisation
strived to rationalise the portfolio to limit any cost overheads for technology’s budget. This is
nothing new as Public sector is continuously looking for mechanisms to reduce operating costs
while maintaining high service quality for the consumers [14]. As a first step to rationalise the
complexities of the portfolio, it needs to be understood the root causes for these complex
portfolios. This research which is a part of a bigger empirical research studies the some of the
challenges and the root cause for the un-rationalised portfolios in public sector organisations in
Australian public sector, taking South Australia Police department (SAPOL) as the unit of
analysis.
2. International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) Vol.13, No.3, August 2021
2
According to [1] government agencies must manage large and complex application portfolios
which is not very different to private organisations. Many of these implementations represent
very high investment and ongoing use of resources [2]. In initial assessment it was evident that
the way public sector organisations operate is different private sector organisations due to the
nature of the machinery of government and the bureaucrats involved in processes. A lot of things
that may seem applicable within the private sector organisations can become extremely
challenging when the same implementation is evaluated for public sector organisations. SAPOL
has a staff strength of 6000 [13] and the SAPOL IT application portfolio came up with over 400
applications serving different functions of the organisation at different times with varying level of
utility for the agency. [3] suggest that large enterprises may have hundreds of separate but
interrelated applications aiming to improve specific parts of the business. According to [4]
portfolio simplification is required for reducing costs, increasing service levels and reducing
complexity in organisations. The complexity of technology solutions comes with many
challenges and requires a portfolio-based approach to meet some of them [2]. According to [5], in
the recent years, organisations have faced challenges in managing growing complex application
landscapes. [3] emphasise that research in managing application portfolios will result in valuable
findings. [2] organisations have accumulated a large collection of Information Technology
solutions to achieve efficiency.
2. DATA COLLECTION APPROACH
The specifics for large, complex, and organic portfolios in the public sector, were evaluated with
the help of the literature review, interviews, and direct observation at SAPOL. Some of the
challenges and their background in the organisation related to managing complex application
portfolio in SAPOL were established. To evaluate this, semi structured open ended, explorative
expert interviews were conducted with the SAPOL CIO on 6th October 2016 and Manager
Architecture Business consulting and Software Operations on 14th October 2016. The data
collection including interviews was conducted over a period of six months from July 2016 to
January 2017. The interviewees were selected based on their relevance to the topic and their role
in the organisation under study.
Table 1. Interviews for Data Collection.
Interview
Subject
Interview Type Interviewee Recording
mechanism
Date Dura
tion
Application
Portfolio
Rationalisatio
n
Standardised open-ended
interview – Semi-structured
explorative expert interview
Appendix 10
CIO / Director
IS&T
Meeting
email, Minutes
of meeting,
06/10/2016 1
hour
APM Standardised open-ended
interview – Semi-structured
explorative expert interview
Appendix 10
Manager ABC
and Manager
Software
Operations.
Meeting
email, Minutes
of meeting,
14/10/2016 40
mins
The questionnaire for this interview is listed in table 2 below.
Table 2. Interview Questionnaire.
# Question Description Time Allocated
1 How did the information technology application portfolios become so
complex? Can you please share your understanding?
10 min
2 What are some of the biggest challenge in managing the application
portfolios?
10 min
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3 What actions are required to improve the application portfolios
complexities?
10 min
4 Would you like to provide any other advice in regard to application portfolio
rationalization at SAPOL?
5 min
3. FINDINGS
An interpretation of the interviews is given below.
3.1. Organic Growth & Quick Wins
Information technology does not just only provide a supporting function to the business but also
enables the core business functions. Due to this great need for Information Technology as an arm
for the business organisations have expanded their information technology portfolios massively.
Over the period Information Technology portfolios has brought many advantages to the business
yet at the same time it has brought its own challenges. The rapidly changing technology,
increasing cost of technology implementations and the time required for these implementations
are becoming a challenge for technology stake holders [6].
Before we can access the details of the challenges, we must understand how we have eventually
come to this point in terms of our portfolio growth. In the technology journey for many
organisations till this point of time, many of the organisations have followed and organic growth
process within Information Technology. According to SAPOL CIO, technologies have
established very fast pace in order to respond to the business requirements and to solve business
problems. In this whole process what has happened is that quick fixes and solutions have been
adapted to fix the current problems faced by the business at that point of time. In such situations
due to the urgent nature of business needs, the whole architectural point of view and strategic
direction may not have been considered in those technology implementations. Because of this
evolving nature of technologies and this fast pace of technology implementations we have ended
up with organisations which have got a massive amalgam of Technologies which is very widely
spread over various platforms tools and solutions.
3.2. Sustaining Integrations of Non-Standard Portfolio
The sustainability of such massively integrated solutions has always become a point of question.
With the expanding integrations of various flavours of technologies there comes a problem of
sustainability and the quality of the integrated systems. The Manager Software Operations
highlights that these being production and business critical systems, a massive correction or
introduction of standards into the ecosystem post implementation is not feasible. Thus, mostly the
most appropriate tactical decision at the time is the one that enables the patchy integration
irrespective of the architectural alignment and technology strategy. Over the period of time, the
organisation has gone through numerous such integrations which were not completely compatible
and sustainable in the long run, but to cater for the current business need at the time, decision in
the favour of such implementations took place repeatedly.
3.3. Increasing Operational Costs of IT Portfolio
So, on the surface, having this technology portfolio with a lot of things of different flavours of
tools, platforms and solutions with massive integrations does not appear as a show stopper. This
is due to the perception that everything is under control and is working fine. The Manager
Software Operations explains that under the surface, just keeping the lights on and making
everything stay operational is much cost and resource extensive. It takes a lot of effort from the
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information technology stakeholders just to manage the complexity of the portfolio and keeping it
up and running. Application portfolio rationalisation can reduce the cost of IT operations and the
time and cost saved in the process can be utilized in the areas that need more immediate attention
[15]. The cost that is saved in this process is hard to predict as a general rule and depends deeply
upon the current state or the unrationalised organisational technology portfolio, the strategy and
tools applied for rationalisation and implementation approach in line with the technology road
map[16]. SAPOL CIO also believes that the effort on information technology operations and
maintenance becomes massive and does not leave a lot of capacity for new initiatives and
technology-driven desired transformations for the business. Thus, technology cannot take a
leading role in business outcomes or benefit the business to the best of its potential.
3.4. Business Expectations
In an ideal situation, maximum revenue, investments and efforts are bent on the new initiatives
and getting the competitive advantage rather than just keeping the wheel moving. According to
the Manager Architecture,
“Innovative solutions require time, resources and funding, but if most of it is spent on managing
the operational applications, we cannot be ahead of the game”.
This is where information technology management comes under a lot of pressure because just
running information technology operations is not something that should consume most of the
Information Technology spending. The problem is that the value that is being brought by
Information Technology stays the same as last year but the effort that goes on in getting a just
exponentially grows with everyday increase in complexity mesh of Solutions. This inevitably
brings technology stakeholders to the position where they are looked at by the business as not
doing enough not being able to give the desired results in gaining competitive advantage where
there’s not a lot of capacity to do so because most of the capacity is utilised by keeping the
operations and lights on.
3.5. Irrationalised Portfolios
According to Manager Software Operations [7], for large enterprises the typical application
portfolios have grown over the decades and the number of applications can be as high as 500.
The Manager Software Operation explains that these 500 applications may have been made by
different vendors and they were not meant to work in integration with each other [7]. This
information is encapsulated from the business and the business requires these services being
delivered by Information Technology irrespective of the underlying complexities. This results in
massive functional overlaps and irrationalised portfolio. As most of the applications are being
used by different business functions in partial ways, some of their components if utilised centrally
can be useful for some other business functions. But due to the lack of visibility of this massive
forest of functionality, a lot or repetition and waste is introduced in the system.
According to [8] many government agencies have redundant functionalities in their complex
application portfolios. According to [9] many of the government organisation’s application
portfolio also includes redundant functionalities which can be eliminated to improve efficiency,
performance and reduce cost. According to [9] in government agencies, the adjoining
complexities need to be identified to effectively ascertain redundant functionalities. Due to the
changing business requirements, organisations eventually end up gathering a multi-vendor multi-
platform collection of Information Technology applications and solutions without a formal
roadmap for the future and integrations [2]. It is not uncommon to have multi sourced solutions
not relying upon the common architecture, which are put in place for short term reliefs but in the
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long run, the price of these quick wins has to be paid while managing these huge portfolios of
Information Technology applications [2].
3.6. Limited Enterprise Architectural Focus
Manager Enterprise Architecture stated on the interview on 14 October 2016 that,
“Enterprise Architecture focus has to be the key to managing and rationalizing the application
portfolios. Any rationalisation practice in the absence of this would inevitably result in a similar
situation over the period of time. We have all seen this happen”
These solutions may be technically the right fit for the business at that point of time, but they can
clearly lack maturity with respect to the overall technology architecture and strategy. As the
various business functions and intertwined and related, thus the level of integration required by
technology needs to correspond to that need. Technology stake holders need to understand the
business and their interrelated dependencies between different business functions [6].
In the discussion with the Manager Enterprise Architecture at SAPOL, some of the other related
problems that can be managed with enterprise architecture focus for the application portfolios
include:
Fast Growth and increasing complexity of application portfolios
Decentralised control of the organisation’s application portfolio
Visibility of complete portfolio including business and technical ownership
Unclear Roadmap for technology portfolio
Inaccurate information and missing information
Management of application portfolio with tools, processes, and resources
3.7. High Availability Business Requirements
One reason for this requirement is that the businesses cannot afford significant downtimes in
order to bring these pieces of technology in synchronisation and adhere to standards. On the other
hand, the big bang approach to replace everything with something that works much better in a
standard uniform way comes with huge risks of its own of significant service interruptions.
Depending upon the criticality of business for different public service agencies, this may not be
very palatable for many agencies. The Manager Software Operations in his interview on 14th
October 2016 told the researcher that,
“SAPOL is a mission critical organisation where our applications support our frontline coppers,
and downtime on the applications can compromise the safety of the community and our members
of the police. We cannot afford slippages and failures in our technology stack”.
There is constant pressure for organisations to better plan and implement their technology
portfolios due to the importance to the business outcomes [6].Due to this massive challenge
technology leaders within the organisations have always been under the pressure of providing
ongoing service and keeping the lights on becomes the top priority for many technology leaders.
So, with every passing year come into existence new technology solutions which may be the
quickest and the best fit at that point of time, but they keep on adding to the existing diversity of
the technology portfolio.
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3.8. Application Portfolio Rationalisation Practices
One thing that SAPOL and other organisations that are going through a similar situation need to
focus on is establishment of application portfolio management and rationalisation practices.
Although the planning of the information systems can considerably assist in a more refined
schema for managing the technology portfolios, yet different organisations have made attempts to
launch planning activities for information systems and ended up without substantial results [6].
Manager Software Operations at SAPOL said in his explorative expert interview on 14th October
2016 that,
“Although portfolio rationalisation is a resource intensive task that can only take place in its own
time, it is still worth it for the savings it offers in return. This is not a quick fix, but an ongoing
work required to ensure that the existing problems can be clearly identified. ”
According to [10] and [1] rationalisation of the application landscape can result in saving money.
According to [1] as the size and complexity of the application portfolio is reduced with the help
of application portfolio rationalisation process, the costs of managing the portfolio
correspondingly comes down. The planning of the systems requires constant revisions as
different outcomes appear at different times to realign the rationalisation activities with the
strategic goals. This can be a time consuming and resource intensive task as it is not a one-time
task [6].
Once these problems are appreciated, according the Manager Architecture and Business
Consulting at SAPOL, a logical implementation approach can be taken from enterprise
architectural perspective to fix these problems one by one. At the end of the day, this effort into
fixing the portfolio will deliver us more capacity to focus on fresh initiatives and become
business enablers.
According to [9] up to 80 percent of Information Technology budget is spent on maintaining
existing complex application portfolio. This further highlights the importance of technology
portfolio planning in larger organisations [6]. According to [9] APM can be used to simplify the
application portfolio.
4. CONCLUSION & FURTHER WORK
This research evaluates the some of the challenges and the root cause for the complexity of IT
portfolios at Australian public sector agencies taking SAPOL as the unit of analysis. Using
interviews as primary source of data collection some key reasons behind the current state of the
400+ application portfolio, were established to be as: organic growth over the period of time; due
to high business availability requirements quick wins resulting in patchy work; sustaining
integrations of nonstandard portfolios which added more to the problems increasing operational
cost; and last but not least, a limited focus on the enterprise architecture which overall resulted in
an irrationalised application portfolio.
This research can assist technology managers and key stakeholders to have a retrospective view
in the organic application growth process and gain a valuable lesson to ensure these complexities
in the application portfolios can be avoided in their respective portfolios. Technology Managers
and CIOs can make better informed decisions by learning from the findings of this research and
ensure a better long term strategic technology road map. Such gains can assist organisational
technology functions to focus their budget and energies more on innovation, problem solving and
serving the business rather than constantly battling against the complexity challenges. Especially
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in the public sector, agencies can learn from this specific case study of South Australia police and
apply the lessons learned to their organisations due to the similarity of the government processes
and technology portfolio expectations to deliver high level of uninterrupted services with the
growing budget constraints every year.
For future research, this logically brought me to the next step of understanding that how
can these problems in public sector application portfolios be fixed.
Better application portfolio management will provide clear visibility into our assets and
cost centres. SAPOL can know exactly, their capabilities in the existing portfolio as well as
its alignment and coverage with the business.
Further research within public sector in Australia yet beyond the organisation is
encouraged.
Quantitative analysis of the data in the subsequent studies can reinforce the study
outcomes.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank South Australian Government and SAPOL for allowing this
empirical research in the organisation and University of South Australia for supporting this
research. The author would also like to thank the interview participants at SAPOL for giving their
valuable inputs to this research.
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AUTHOR
Dr. Yaser Mirza is an academic, researcher, technology professional and an
entrepreneur with over seventeen years of experience working in public and private
sector across different agencies in Asia, Middle East, and Australia. He is recent
experience has been with Government of Australia in various technology
management roles, along with parallel academic affiliation with University of South
Australia and Federation University Australia.