The document discusses business event modeling and event thinking as an alternative to traditional process modeling. It focuses on modeling non-process elements like external events, states, decisions, and activities, rather than pre-planned process sequences. Examples of business events include customer orders and payments as well as supplier deliveries and invoices. The document also distinguishes between simple event processing, which involves extracting, transforming and loading data, and complex event processing, which can detect organized events directed through decisions without a predefined process.