This document provides an overview of business process modeling notation (BPMN) and decision modeling notation (DMN) concepts. It discusses how BPMN is used to model business processes and manage process instances, while DMN is used to document and implement business decisions and rules. The document outlines the basic elements of BPMN, such as tasks, subprocesses, and message flows, and the basic elements of DMN, such as the rule task. It also describes process flows and the phases of activities in BPMN models.

1. Chapter 2
Part 1
Modeling Basis
1
MicroGuide to Process and Decision
Modeling

2. 2
OUTLINE
• BPMN And DMN Concepts
• BPMN And DMN Subset
• Basic BPMN Elements
• Basic DMN Elements
• Process Flow
• Phases of Activity
• Process Flow with Gateways

3. BPMN and DMN concepts
3
In the early 1900s, Process Modeling using flow charts was developed
to represent Manufacturing Processes.
Graphical Approaches
 Business Process Modeling: BPMN 2.0
 Stateless Diagramming Techniques /Commercial: BPEL, XPDL and
Petri net.
DMN (Decision Model and Notation)
 is an organizing structure for Business Rules
 focused on “verbalizing”.
 can be utilized across multiple processes.
 Decision model using DMN 1.0

4. 4
BPMN and DMN concepts
Process Instance
“Spawned.”
Scope Context
A scope is a “logical container” of
changing information within the
process instance.
Data
BPM receives input and produces
output

5. 5
Process
hierarchy
Level 1
Process
Landscape
Level 2
Main
Processes
(e.g. BPMN)
Level 3+
Subprocesses, Tasks
(e.g. BPMN)
BPMN and DMN concepts
Process Instance
“Spawned.”
Scope Context
A scope is a “logical container” of
changing information within the
process instance.
Data
BPM receives input and produces
output

6. 6
Building Models by modeling Decisions and Processes
Business Decision is Stateless and Time-invariant
DMN is adept at documenting and implementing decisions,
(logic steps or business rules).
BPMN is adept at managing process instances and is designed
to model and document interactions among participants.
BPMN and DMN Subset

7. 7
Basic BPMN Elements

8. 8
Basic DMN Elements

9. 9
Task
A rounded rectangle showing the finest, or atomic, process step.
Subprocess (collapsed)
A rounded rectangle that can contain a series of other steps. The other
steps are hidden from view; the plus sign indicates additional
information.
Subprocess (expanded)
A rounded rectangle showing all the subprocess activities (from the
collapsed subprocess).
Rule Task
The business rule task shape denotes the place within the process
model that calls up a DMN model and obtains the decision output..
Task
Subprocess
(collapsed)
Subprocess
(expanded)
Rule Task
Activities
Basic DMN Elements

10. 10
There are two types of flows in a BPMN diagram:
Sequence—Defines the order in which activities are performed for
any given process.
 Sequence flow never occurs between participants.
Message—Defines the flow of information and messages between
participants within a process.
 Messages never occur within the same participant.
Process Flow
The sequence that is activated can also be
considered the traversalof a single token

11. 11
Ready: Pre-execution, an
activity is ready for execution if
the required number of tokens
has arrived—if multiple tasks
might need to be completed.
Phases of Activity
Active: During execution, the
required input data is available
and the activity is performing
work or waiting for completion.
Completed: All the
prerequisites are done,
and a token is generated
for the next sequence.

12. 12
Inventory Process.
Implicit state
explicit state
Process Flow with Gateways

13. Thank you
13