The Celts were a group of tribes living in Iron Age Western Europe who spoke a Brythonic Celtic language and practiced an oral tradition. Their religion involved ritual ceremonies in forests and human sacrifice. Druids served as priests. Important gods included Dagda, Taranis, Sabrina, Lug, Cernunos, and Matrona. The Celts farmed and grew crops like wheat and barley while keeping livestock. Not all lived in hillforts, with some in smaller enclosed settlements. Celtic villages consisted of extended families living together in round houses made of wood and mud. Women prepared food and men fought using advanced iron tools and chariots in battle. The Romans invaded Britain beginning in 55 BC

2. Who were they?
Language
-Brythonic variant of Proto-Celt
-Oral Transmission of the culture
Their religion
-Ritual ceremonies in the forest
-Human sacrifice
-Cut off the head to get their power
-Druids were a sort of priests

3. *Gods
-Dagda: God of goodness
-Taranis: God of the sky
-Sabrina: Water goddess
-Lug: God of light
-Cernunos: Horned god
-Matrona: Mother Goddess

4. Farming
-They were farmers
-Grow wheat and barley and kept sheep, cattle and some pigs
-The fields stretched around their settlements
-Not everyone lived in hillforts
-Smaller settlements of a few houses enclosed by a fence

23. Life in a Celtic Village
-Individual tribes
-A Celtic family the husband, wife and children, grandparents,
and single aunts and uncles.
-Very successful farmers and even traded excess grain with
European nations.
-The Celts also kept farm animals
-Their favorite was the wild boar

24. -Celtic women prepared butter and cheese also grind grain into
flour and make bread every day
-Dogs as a pet and to work
-Many houses were round in shape oval, oblong or square
-Sometimes the houses were partially underground and
connected to each other with narrow passages.

25. -People slept on the floor wrapped in animal skins
-They sat on the floor to eat
-Food was served in dishes made of wood
-They used tools made of iron; they were too advance for their
age.

33. Caesar: “Chariots are used like this. First of all, the charioteers
drive all over the field hurling javelins. Generally, the horses and
the noise of the wheels are enough to terrify the enemy and throw
them into confusion, as soon as they have got through the cavalry,
the warriors jump down from their chariots and fight on foot.
Meanwhile, the charioteers then move away and place their
chariots in such a way that the warriors can easily get back on
them if they are hard pressed by the size of the enemy. So they
combine the easy movement of cavalry with the staying power of
foot soldiers. Regular practice makes them so skilful that they can
control their horses at a full gallop, even on a steep slope. And
they can stop and turn them in a moment. The warriors can then
run along the chariot pole, stand on the yoke and get back into the
chariot as quick as lightening.”

34. Roman Invasion
Julio Caesar: 55 TO
54 B.C

35. -Gaul invasion is controlled
-He decided to invade Britain
-Plenty of inconvenient
-He doesn’t achieve the submission and return to Gaul
-Return to Britain with a big force
-Britain has to pay a tribute to the Romans
-Rebellion in Gaul, Caesar forgets Britain

36. Roman conquest of
Britain
43 TO 144 A.D.

37. -Claudio decided to return to Britain
-Caractacus (Group leader of Tribes that opposed to Romans)
-Battle of Medway (Romans wins and have the submission of
region south of the Thames)
-The resistance disappear
-Boadicea the Celtic Queen
-Battle of Grampians

44. Society
Of
Roman Britain

45. -There were Batavians, Thracians, Mauretanians and
Sarmatians
-Naturalized British citizens of the Roman Empire.
-Romans demarcated the northern border of Britannia with
Hadrian's Wall
-The Romans extended the Britannic frontier (Antoninus’
wall)
-Superior Britain and Inferior Britain.

46. -The first Roman capital of Britannia was at Colchester
-A trade and administrative center called it Londinium

47. Religion
-Rome and Britain had polytheistic religions
-They did their religious ceremonies in altars, temples or
sanctuary and in woods too.

48. The end
of the
roman empire

49. -400AD End of Hadrian's Wall.
-AD 410: the Empire is in turmoil
-After that, gradually, the empire fell apart beneath
Honorius command.

50. Roman
and
Celtic Legacy

51. Romans
-They introduced the Christianity (Constantine)
-Linguistic legacy
-Nowadays in English there are more over 800 words from
Latin

52. Latin
Welsh
English
Carcer
Carchar
Prison
Fenestra
Ffenestr
Window
Furnus
Ffwrn
Oven
Liber
Llyfr
Book
Cultellus
Cyllell
Knife
Corpus
Corff
Body
Coxa
Coes
Leg
Benedictio
Bendith
Blessing
Maledictio
Melltith
Curse

54. * Calleva Atrebatum – civitas capital of the Atrebates
* Corinium Dobunnorum – civitas capital of the Dobunni
* Durovernum Cantiacorum – civitas capital of the Cantiaci
* Isca Dumnuniorum – civitas capital of the Dumnonii
* Isurium Brigantum – civitas capital of the Brigantes
* Moridunum Demetarum – civitas capital of the Demetae
* Noviomagus Regnensium – civitas capital of the Regnenses
* Ratae Coritanorum – civitas capital of the Coritani
* Venta Belgarum – civitas capital of the Belgae
* Venta Icenorum – civitas capital of the Iceni
* Venta Silurum – civitas capital of the Silures
* Viroconium Cornoviorum – civitas capital of the Cornovii

55. Celtic
-Most of words took from the Celtic Language are names from
place and rivers
-Dover
-Kent
-Severn
-Thames
-But the most shocking legacy from Celts is that still in
nowadays 6 Celtic nations keep going

58. By
Esther Cid Fuentes-Guerra
Francisco Javier Zafra Dovao
Jorge Córdoba Amo